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MEDICAL 


Modica 


University  of  Oregon 
Medical  School  Library 


MEDICAL   FORMULARY 


BASED  ON  THE 


UNITED  STATES  AND  BRITISH  PHARMACOPEIAS 


TOGETHER  WITH  NUMEROUS 


FRENCH,   GERMAN,   AND    UNOFFICINAL    PREPARATIONS 


BY 


LAURENCE  JOHNSON,  A.M.,   M.D., 
^ 

LECTURER  ON   MEDICAL  BOTANY,  MEDICAL  DEPARTMENT  OF  THE   UNIVERSITY    OF   THE   CITY   OF  NEW  YORK  ! 
FELLOW  OF  THE  NEW  YORK  ACADEMY  OF  MEDICINE,  ETC. 


NEW  YORK 

WILLIAM    WOOD    &    COMPANY 
27   GREAT  JONES   STREET 

1881 


COPYRIGHT 
WILLIAM    WOOD  &  COMPANY 


TROW'S 

PRINTING  AND  HOOKIUNDINT;  COMPANY 

201-213   F.ast   \-2th  Street 

NE\V  YOKK 


\s    ix- 

>47 

m 


PREFACE. 


THE  design  of  this  work  is  to  present,  in  a  manner  convenient  for  ready 
reference,  the  drugs  and  preparations  in  common  use,  together  with  for- 
mulae illustrating  the  manner  in  which  they  are  combined  by  good  prac- 
titioners of  the  present  day. 

Although  confining  himself  as  closely  as  possible  to  the  pharmacopeias, 
the  author  has  found  it  necessary  to  include  some  unofficinal  drugs  and 
preparations,  which  have  come  into  general  use  since  the  last  editions  of 
those  works  were  issued. 

In  selecting  illustrative  formulae,  the  author  has  drawn  freely  upon  cur- 
rent medical  literature,  and  has  endeavored  to  give  due  credit  for  all  ma- 
terial used.  While  it  is  impossible  for  him  to  enumerate,  in  this  place,  all 
the  works  which  he  has  employed  in  this  part  of  his  task,  he  feels  it  in- 
cumbent upon  him  to  make  special  mention  of  the  HOSPITAL  FORMULARY 

AND    POSOLOGICAL    TABLE,    by    CHARLES    ElCE,    Ph.D.  ;     THE     PHARMACOPCEIAS    OF 

THE  LONDON  HOSPITALS,  by  PETER  SQUIRE,  F.L.S.  ;  and  THE  PHARMACOPOEIA 
OF  THE  HOSPITAL  FOR  DISEASES  OF  THE  THROAT  AND  CHEST  (London),  by 
MORELL  MACKENZIE,  M.D. 

He  takes  great  pleasure  also  in  acknowledging  his  indebtedness  to  the 
following  named  gentlemen,  all  of  whom  kindly  furnished  him  formulae 
which  they  have  found  useful : 

Fordyce  Barker,  M.D.,  LL.D.,  James  K.  Learning,  M.D.,  Andrew  H. 
Smith,  M.D.,  A.  A.  Smith,  M.D.,  F.  A.  Burrall,  M.D.,  George  H.  Fox, 


IV  PREFACE. 

M.D.,  F.  R  Sturgis,  M.D.,  S.  H.  Dessau,  M.D.,  James  Knight,  M.D.,  V.  P. 
Gibney,  M.D.,  Daniel  Lewis,  M.D.,  W.  M.  Chamberlain,  M.D.,  G.  M.  Lef- 
ferts,  M.D.,  F.  H.  Bosworth,  M.D.,  S.  Sexton,  M.D.,  and  R.  Tauszky,  M.D. 

To  Charles  Rice,  Ph.  D.,  and  to  Prof.  J.  U.  Lloyd,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
the  author  is  deeply  indebted  for  many  pharmaceutical  processes,  relat- 
ing especially  to  unomcinal  drugs  and  preparations  ;  and  to  his  friend 
H.  G.  Piffard,  M.D.,  for  much  valuable  assistance  during  the  progress 
of  the  work. 

L.  J. 

323  WEST  TWENTY-SEVENTH  STREET, 
NEW  YORK,  May,  1881. 


INTRODUCTION. 


THIS  work,  though  based  on  the  United  States  and  British  Pharmaco- 
poeias, does  not  include  all  the  drugs  and  preparations  contained  in  them, 
a  number  of  the  less  important  having  been  omitted.  Since  the  last  re- 
vision of  the  United  States  Pharmacopoeia  in  1870,  and  of  the  British  in 
1867,  with  additions  made  in  1874,  a  number  of  important  therapeutic 
agents  have  come  into  use,  and  most  of  these  are  treated  of  here. 

The  preparations  introduced  from  the  French  Codex  and  German 
Pharmacopoeia  are  from  the  last  editions  of  those  works,  while  the  un- 
officinal  formulas  are  derived  mainly  from  recent  sources,  many  of  them 
having  been  furnished  by  their  authors  expressly  for  this  work. 

TITLES.— The  leading  titles  are  in  capitals,  first,  the  Latin  title  of  the 
drug,  followed,  if  it  be  officinal,  by  abbreviations  in  parentheses  (U.  S.,  Br.), 
or  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— United  States,  British— United  States  and  other 
Pharmacopoeias — and  after  this  the  English  name,  and,  in  some  instances, 

synonyms  also. 

Preparations. — The  preparations  of  the  United  States  Pharmacopoeia 
have  the  Latin  title  in  black-faced  type,  followed  by  abbreviations  in  paren- 
theses, and  the  officinal  English  title.  In  this  connection  the  abbreviations 
Br.,  Fr.,  Ger.,  are  not  to  be  considered  as  signifying  that  those  pharmaco- 
poeias have  preparations  of  exactly  the  same  name  and  character  as  the  one 
under  consideration,  but  rather  that  their  preparations  are  similar,  or 
closely  correspond  with  it. 

PREPARATIONS  (BR.,  FR.,  GER.)  AND  UNOFFICTNAL. — These  are  distinguished 
by  being  printed  in  small  capitals,  the  abbreviation  standing  first  in  the 
parenthesis  indicating  from  which  pharmacopoeia  the  preparation  is 


VI  INTRODUCTION. 

taken.     Those  taken  from  the  British   Pharmacopoeia  have    the    omcina 
English  name,  while  in  the  case  of  the  French  and  German,  the  name  has 
been  translated   into   English  ;   and   the   unofficinal   formulae   have    been 
named  in  such  a  manner  as  has  seemed  to  the  author  most  convenient  for 
ready  reference. 

Weights. — The  weights  used  in  the  preparations  of  the  United 
States  Pharmacopoeia  are  derived  from  the  troy  pound,  while  in  those 
from  the  British,  the  terms  ounce  and  pound  are  to  be  understood  as 
referring  to  avoirdupois  weights.  Their  relations  are  exhibited  in  the  fol- 
lowing table  : 

Troy.  Avoirdupois. 

1  pound 5,760  grains.        7,000  grains. 

1  ounce 480      "  437.5  grains. 

1  drachm 60      " 

1  scruple 20      " 

Wherever,  then,  in  this  work  the  word  ounce  is  applied  to  a  solid  sub- 
stance, it  is  to  be  understood  as  meaning  a  troy  ounce,  excepting  in  Brit- 
ish preparations,  and  in  formulae  derived  from  British  sources,  as  those  of 
the  London  Hospitals,  etc. 

In  a  very  few  instances  French  and  German  preparations  are  intro- 
duced with  metrical  weights,  though  in  nearly  all  of  them,  quantities  have 
been  expressed  in  parts  by  weight. 

The  approximate  relation  of  troy  weights  to  metrical  weights  is  ex- 
hibited in  the  following  table  : 

Grain.         Gramme.  Grains.          Grammes. 

1     =     0.065  15          =       1 

J  =  0.032                               30         =  2 

J  =  0.016                               60          =  4 

|  =  0.01  4  drachms  =  16 

j-  =  0.008  1  ounce      =  32 

Measures. — The  terms  drachm  and  ounce,  applied  to  liquids,  are  to 
be  understood  as  meaning  fluid  drachm  and  fluid  ounce,  unless  otherwise 
stated,  as  in  certain  preparations  where  quantities  of  -liquids  are  expressed 
in  weights.  The  term  pint  is  to  be  understood  as  meaning  the  wine  pint 
of  sixteen  fluid  ounces,  unless  otherwise  stated,  as  in  British  preparations, 


INTRODUCTION.  Vll 

where  the  imperial  pint  of  twenty  fluid  ounces  is  employed.  To  avoid 
confusion,  in  most  of  the  British  preparations  the  quantities  of  liquids 
have  been  expressed  in  ounces  instead  of  pints.  It  is  necessary,  however, 
to  bear  in  mind  that  the  fluidounce  derived  from  the  wine  pint,  and  that 
derived  from  the  imperial  pint,  are  not  identical,  the  former,  in  distilled 
water  at  60°,  weighing-  455.7  grains,  while  the  latter  weighs  but  437.5  grains. 
The  relation  of  the  weights  and  measures  used  in  the  United  States 
Pharmacopoeia,  in  distilled  water  at  60°,  is  exhibited  in  the  following  table  : 

Troy.  Measure.  Measure.  Troy. 

1  pound    =  0.790  pint.  1  pint  =1.265  pound. 

1  ounce     =  1.053  fluidounce.  1  fluidounce  =  0.949  ounce. 

1  drachm  =  1.053  fluidrachm.  1  fluidrachin  =  0.949  drachm. 

1  grain      =  1.053  minim.  1  minim          —  0.949  grain. 

Pharmaceutical  Processes. — The  language  of  the  pharmacopoeias 
describing  the  various  processes  has  been  much  condensed  and  abbreviated, 
without,  however,  rendering  it  obscure. 

The  reader  is  presumed  to  be  familiar  with  ordinary  pharmaceutical 
manipulations,  as  the  making  of  pills,  powders,  tinctures,  etc.,  and  hence 
specific  directions  are  omitted  in  such  cases.  While  in  the  case  of  extracts, 
fluid  extracts,  suppositories,  etc.,  it  is  believed  the  directions  will  be  found 
sufficiently  full  and  explicit. 

It  may  be  necessary  to  observe  that  in  all  preparations,  unless  other- 
wise stated,  the  crude  drugs  are  to  be  powdered  as  a  preliminary  step ; 
that  all  temperatures  are  measured  by  Fahrenheit's  thermometer,  and  that 
specific  gravities  are  taken  at  the  temperature  of  60°. 

Doses. — Unless  otherwise  stated,  the  doses,  as  usual,  are  to  be  con- 
sidered as  average  doses  for  an  adult.  The  proportionate  dose  for  a  child 
may  be  computed  by  any  of  the  rules  in  common  use,  as,  for  instance,  by 
taking  the  age  of  the  child,  in  years,  as  the  numerator,  and  the  age  plus  12 
as  the  denominator  of  a  fraction,  thus  :  ^rn— i — the  dose  for  a  child  four 
years  old. 

As  is  well  known,  the  doses  of  medicines  must  be  regulated  by  the  ef- 
fects produced  or  desired,  hence,  only  the  most  general  directions  can  be 
given. 


MEDICAL  FORMULARY 


ABSINTHIUM  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— WORMWOOD. 

THE  leaves  and  tops  of  Artemisia  Absinthium,  L.  (Nat.  ord.  Compositce), 
an  herbaceous  perennial,  indigenous  to  the  Old  World,  but  cultivated  and 
sparingly  naturalized  here. 

"Wormwood  is  a  slightly  aromatic  bitter  tonic,  and  in  large  doses  acts  as 
a  vermifuge. 

Its  volatile  oil  possesses  narcotic  properties,  and  in  very  large  doses  may 
produce  death. 

Externally,  fomentations  of  wormwood  are  employed  in  bruises,  sprains, 
etc. 

Dose  :  10  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

EXTRACT  OF  WORMWOOD  (Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Dried  tops  of  wormwood 1  part. 

Boiling  distilled  water 8  parts. 

Infuse  the  wormwood  for  twelve  hours  in  6  parts  of  water,  express  and 
strain.  Treat  the  residue  with  the  remainder  of  the  water  in  like  manner. 
Evaporate  the  infusions  separately  to  a  syrupy  consistence,  then  mix,  and 
evaporate  to  the  consistence  of  a  soft  extract. 

Dose  :  2  to  30  grains.  Made  into  pills  with  the  powdered  leaves,  it  is 
more  active. 

The  German  extract  is  an  alcoholic  one. 

OIL  OF  WORMWOOD  (Fr.). 

.The  oil  obtained  by  distilling  fresh  wormwood  with  water. 
Dose  :  2  to  10  drops,  in  syrup,  mucilage,  or  sweet  spirit  of  nitre. 
It  enters  into  the  composition  of  the  French  liqueur,  absinthe. 

INFUSED  On,  OF  WORMWOOD  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Dried  tops  of  wormwood 1  part. 

Olive  oil 10  parts. 

Infuse  two  hours,  express  and  filter. 

Used  as  an  embrocation  in  bruises,  sprains,  rheumatism,  etc. 


2  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

TINCTURE  OF  WORMWOOD  (Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Leaves  of  wormwood » 1  part. 

Alcohol  (60#) sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack  and  percolate  to  5  parts. 
Dose  :  £  to  2  drachms. 

COMPOUND  TINCTURE  OF  WORMWOOD  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Dried  tops  of  wormwood 25  parts. 

Dried  tops  of  germander 25  parts. 

Gentian 25  parts. 

Bitter-orange  peel 25  parts. 

Rhubarb 15  parts. 

Aloes 5  parts. 

Cascarilla 5  parts. 

Alcohol  (60#) 1,000  parts. 

Macerate  ten  days,  express  and  filter. 
Dose :  1  to  2  drachms. 

WINE  OF  WORMWOOD  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Dried  leaves  of  wormwood 30  parts. 

Alcohol  (60#) 60  parts. 

White  wine 1,000  parts. 

Macerate  the  wormwood  in  the  alcohol  for  twenty-four  hours,  add  the 
wine,  continue  the  maceration  for  ten  days,  express  and  filter. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

DISTILLED  WATER  OF  WORMWOOD  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Fresh  tops  of  wormwood 10  parts. 

Water sufficient. 

Distil 10  parts. 

Dose :  1  to  4  ounces. 


ACACIA  (II.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— GUM  AKABIC. 

A  gummy  exudation  from  the  bark  of  Acacia  Senegal,  Willd.,  and  other 
species  of  acacia  ( Nat.  ord.  Leguminosos)  shrubs  or  trees  indigenous  to 
Africa  and  Asia. 

Gum  arable  occurs  in  tears  or  fragments  of  various  sizes,  colorless,  or 
of  a  yellowish  or  brownish  tint,  odorless,  and  having  a  sweetish,  mucila- 
ginous taste.  It  is  entirely  soluble  in  water,  forming  a  mucilage  which  is 
demulcent  and  nutritive.  Used  in  catarrhal  and  febrile  affections,  and  as 
a  vehicle. 


GUM    ARABIC — VINEGAR.  3 

PREPARATIONS. 
Mucilago  Acaciae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Mucilage  of  Gum  Arabic. 

Gum  arabic 4  ounces. 

Water ^  pint. 

Agitate  until  dissolved,  and  strain. 
Used  as  a  demulcent  and  vehicle. 

Syrupus  Acaciae  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.) — Syrup  of  Gum  Arabic. 

Gum  arabic 2  ounces. 

Sugar 14  ounces. 

Water 8  ounces. 

Dissolve  the  gum  in  the  water,  add  the  sugar,  heat  gently  until  dis- 
solved, and  strain.     Used  as  a  vehicle,  especially  in  cough  mixtures. 

MIXTURE  OF  GUM  ARABIC  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Gum  arabic 15  parts. 

White  sugar 15  parts. 

Distilled  water 170  parts. 

Dissolve. 

Used  as  a  vehicle. 

TROCHES  OF  GUM  ARABIC  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Gum  arabic 100  parts. 

White  sugar 900  parts. 

Distilled  orange-flower  water 75  parts. 

Make  a  mucilage  with  the  water  and  an  equal'  weight  of  the  gum,  then 
add  the  remainder  and  the  sugar,  and  form  troches  of  15  grains  each. 
Used  to  allay  irritation  of  the  throat. 


ACETUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— VINEGAR 

Impure  and  very  dilute  acetic  acid,  the  product  of  the  acetous  fermen- 
tation of  any  liquid  susceptible  of  the  vinous  fermentation. 

In  this  country  it  is  generally  obtained  from  cider. 

Vinegar  is  diuretic  and  refrigerant.  It  is  used  internally  in  febrile  and 
inflammatory  affections,  and  topically  as  a  fomentation  in  bruises  and 
sprains;  as  a  gargle  in  sore  throat,  etc. 

For  pharmaceutical  purposes,  it  should  be  distilled,  or  what  is  better, 
the  pure  acetic  acid  may  be  employed. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 


4  MEDICAL   FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Acetum  Destillatum  (U.  S.,  Fr.)— Distilled  Vinegar. 

Take  of  Vinegar 8  pints. 

Distil 7  pints. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms.     It  may  be  used  instead  of  diluted  acetic  acid 
in  the  preparation  of  the  officinal  vinegars. 

AROMATIC  VINEGAR  (Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Balm 25  parts. 

Peppermint 25  parts. 

Rosemary 25  parts. 

Sage 25  parts. 

Lavender 50  parts. 

Garlic , 10  parts. 

White  vinegar 2,000  parts. 

Macerate  ten  days,  express  and  filter.     The  German  Pharmacopoeia  em- 
ploys volatile  oils  and  diluted  acetic  acid. 

CAMPHORATED  VINEGAR  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Camphor 10  parts. 

Glacial  acetic  acid 10  parts. 

White  vinegar 400  parts. 

Pulverize  the  camphor  by  rubbing  it  with  some  of  the  acid,  add  the 
remainder  and  the  vinegar  gradually,  and  after  several  days  filter. 

SYRUP  OF  VINEGAR  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Vinegar .100  parts. 

White  sugar 175  parts. 

Dissolve  with  a  gentle  heat  and  strain.     Largely  diluted,  this  forms  a 
pleasant  drink  in  febrile  affections. 

LOTION  OF  VINEGAR. 

Vinegar 5  drachms. 

Water 10  ounces. 

Mix.  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital. 

LOTION  OF  VINEGAR  AND  CANTHARIDES. 

Distilled  vinegar 3£  ounces. 

Tincture  of  cantharides 6  drachms. 

Rose-water 3 \  ounces. 

Mix.     A  stimulant  to  the  scalp.  Tilbury  Fox. 


YARROW  —  ACETIC    ACID. 


ACHILLEA  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.j  -  YARROW—  MILFOIL. 

The  leaves  and  flowering  tops  of  Achillea  Millefolium,  L.  (Nat.  ord. 
Composite^),  an  herbaceous  perennial,  common  in  all  temperate  regions. 

Yarrow  is  a  mild  bitter  tonic,  and  possesses  also  some  astringent  prop- 
erties. Used  in  atonic  dyspepsia,  chronic  catarrhal  affections,  passive  hem- 
orrhages, etc. 

Dose  :  ^  to  1  drachm. 

PREPARATIONS. 

EXTRACT  OF  YARROW. 
Take  of  Yarrow  ..........  ................  a  convenient  quantity. 

Exhaust  by  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol,  and  evaporate  to  a  proper 
consistence. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 

INFUSION  OF  YARROW. 
Take  of  Yarrow  ...................................     1  part 

Boiling  water  .........................  ....   10  parts. 

Infuse  an  hour,  express  and  strain. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  ounces.     Used  successfully  in  hemorrhoids  and  metror- 

rhaina.  Gazin. 


ACIDUM  ACETIGUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) -ACETIC  ACID. 

Obtained  as  one  of  the  products  of  the  distillation  of  wood.  The  offi- 
cinal acid  is  a  colorless  liquid,  having  a  pungent  odor  free  from  empyreu- 
ina,  and  of  the  specific  gravity  1.047. 

The  medicinal  properties  of  acetic  acid  are  identical  with  those  of  vine- 
gar, which  see. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Acidum  Aceticum  Dilutum  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Diluted  Acetic  Acid. 

Take  of  Acetic  acid 1  pint. 

Distilled  water 7  pints. 

Mix.  It  has  the  specific  gravity  1.006.  The  diluted  acetic  of  the 
German  Pharmacopoeia  has  sp.  gr.  1.040,  and  hence  nearly  corresponds 
with  the  preceding. 

OXYMEL  (Br.,  Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Clarified  honey  (by  weight) 40  ounces. 

Acetic  acid 5  ounces. 

Distilled  water 5  ounces. 

Liquefy  the  honey  by  heat,  then  add  the  acid  and  water. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 

The  French  Codex  employs  1  part  of  vinegar  with  4  of  honey. 


6  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

GARGLES  OF  ACETIC  Aero. 

Take  of  Acetic  acid 2^  drachms. 

Glycerin 3  drachms. 

Water to  10  ounces. 

Mix.     Stimulant  and  antiseptic.  G.  M.  Lefferts. 

Take  of  Acetic  acid 15  minims. 

Oxymel 30  minims. 

Distilled  water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital. 

INHALATION  OF  ACETIC  Aero. 

Take  of  Glacial  acetic  acid 1  part. 

Acetic  acid 1  part. 

Mix.     Add  2  drachms  to  a  pint  of  water  at  140°  for  each  inhalation. 
Antiseptic  ;  used  for  the  inflammatory  sore  throat  of  scarlet  fever. 

London  Throat  Hospital. 

LOTION  OF  ACETIC  Aero. 

Take  of  Diluted  acetic  acid 2  ounces. 

Water 20  ounces. 

Mix.  London  Chest  Hospital. 


ACIDUM  ACETICUM  GLACIALS  (Br.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— 
GLACIAL  ACETIC  ACID. 

Prepared  by  distilling  dried  acetate  of  sodium  with  sulphuric  acid. 

It  is  a  colorless  liquid  at  the  mean  temperature  of  the  air,  but  crystal- 
lizes at  34°  and  remains  crystalline  until  the  temperature  rises  to,  or  above 
48°.  Its  specific  gravity  is  1.065. 

Used  as  a  caustic,  and  in  preparations. 

PREPARATIONS. 
AROMATIC  ACETIC  Aero  (Ger.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Oil  of  cloves 9  parts. 

Oil  of  lemon 6  parts. 

Oil  of  lavender 6  parts. 

Oil  of  bergamot 3  parts. 

Oil  of  thyme 3  parts. 

Oil  of  cinnamon 1  part. 

Glacial  acetic  acid 25  parts. 

Dissolve  by  agitation. 

The  French  preparation  contains  camphor  and  the  oils  of  cinnamon, 
cloves,  and  lavender. 


ARSENIC.  7 

ACIDUM  AKSEOTOSCTM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— AKSEN1OUS 
ACID.— AKSENIC.— WHITE  AESENIC. 

An  anhydrous  acid  obtained  by  roasting  arsenical  ores,  and  purified 
by  sublimation.  It  occurs  as  a  heavy  white  powder,  or  in  opaque  or  semi- 
transparent  lumps,  having  a  conchoidal  fracture.  It  is  entirely  volatilized  by 
heat,  is  without  odor,  has  little  taste,  and  is  but  sparingly  soluble  in  water. 

In  medicinal  doses,  arsenic  is  tonic  and  alterative,  in  overdoses  a  vio- 
lent corrosive  poison.  It  is  used  in  intermittent  fevers,  especially  those 
which  have  resisted  quinia,  in  chronic  skin  diseases,  neuralgia,  chorea,  etc. 
Locally  it  is  employed  as  an  escharotic  for  the  destruction  of  malignant 
growths. 

Dose  :  ^  to  -fg  grain. 

PREPARATIONS. 

GRANULES  OF  ARSENIOUS  ACID  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Arsenious  acid. 1  part. 

Sugar  of  milk 40  parts. 

Gum  arabic 9  parts. 

Syrup  of  honey sufficient. 

Triturate  the  arsenic  first  with  the  sugar,  then  with  the  gum,  and  with 
the  syrup  form  a  mass  to  be  divided  into  granules  containing  ^  of  a  grain 
each  of  arsenious  acid. 

PILLS  OF  AESENIOUS  Aero  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Arsenious  acid 1  part. 

Black  pepper 10  parts. 

Gum  arabic 2  parts. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Triturate  the  arsenic  with  the  pepper  and  the  gum,  then,  with  the 
water,  form  a  mass  to  be  divided  into  pills  containing  T^  of  a  grain  each  of 
arsenious  acid. 

Take  of  Arsenious  acid 5  grains. 

Gum  arabic £  drachm. 

Cinnamon  powder 3  drachms. 

Glycerin sufficient. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  100  pills.  Dose  :  I  pill  two  or  three  times  a  day. 
In  skin  diseases.  Tilbury  Fox. 

Take  of  Arsenious  acid 1  grain. 

Black  pepper 6  grains. 

Extract  of  gentian 24  grains. 

Beat  together  into  a  pilular  mass  and  divide  into  12  pills. 

British  Skin  HospitaL 


-     MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

CAUSTIC  OF  ARSENIOUS  Aero. 

Take  of  Arsenious  acid 20  grains. 

Vermilion 1  drachm. 

Lard 1  ounce. 

Mix.  British  Skin  Hospital. 

PASTE  OF  ARSENIOUS  ACID. 

Take  of  Arsenious  acid 2  drachms. 

Mucilage  of  gum  arabic 1  drachm. 

Mix.     Used  as  a  caustic  for  cancers.  Marsden. 

ARSENICAL  POWDER  OF  COME. 

Take  of  Arsenious  acid 20  parts. 

Vermilion 60  parts. 

Dragon's  blood 6  parts. 

Animal  charcoal 4  parts. 

Mix.     Used  in  lepra,  cancer,  etc. 

« 

ARSENICAL  POWDER. 

Take  of  Arsenious  acid 1  drachm. 

Vermilion 2  scruples. 

Calomel 2£  ounces. 

Mix.     Used  in  lupus,  syphilis,  and  scrofulous  ulcers.  Startin. 


ACIDUM  BENZOICUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— BENZOIC  ACID. 

Take  of  benzoin,  12  troy  ounces.  Spread  the  benzoin  over  the  bottom 
of  an  iron  dish  8  inches  in  diameter,  and  2  inches  deep,  cover  with  a  piece 
of  filtering  paper,  and  by  means  of  paste  attach  it  to  the  rim.  Then  cover 
all  with  a  conical  receiver  of  thick,  sized  paper,  and  apply  heat  to  the  dish 
until  vapors  of  benzoic  acid  cease  to  rise.  Lastly,  remove  the  acid  from  the 
receiver  and  diaphragm. 

Benzoic  acid,  thus  obtained,  is  in  white,  feathery  crystals  of  a  peculiar, 
agreeable  odor,  and  a  warm,  acidulous  taste.  It  is  sparingly  soluble  in  water, 
freely  soluble  in  alcohol,  and  is  dissolved  by  alkaline  solutions,  forming 
combinations  from  which  it  is  precipitated  by  hydrochloric  acid. 

Benzoic  acid  is  a  local  irritant,  and  also  possesses  antiseptic  properties. 
Taken  internally,  it  acts  as  a  general  stimulant,  but  affects  the  mucous 
membranes  chiefly.  Used  in  chronic  bronchitis,  and  to  prevent  the  forma- 
tion of  phosphatic  calculi.  It  is  also  employed  as  an  antiseptic  surgical 
dressing. 

Dose  :  10  to  15  grains. 


BENZOIC    ACID BORIC    ACID.  9 

LOTIONS  OF  BENZOIC  ACID. 
Take  of  Benzole  acid 1  grain. 

Rectified  spirit 24  minims. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.                                                                               Middlesex  Hospital. 
Take  of  Beuzoic  acid 2  grains. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.  British  Skin  Hospital. 

OINTMENT  OF  BENZOIC  ACID. 
Take  of  Benzoic  acid 40  grains. 

Acetate  of  morphia 6  grains. 

Cerate 1  drachm. 

Glycerin sufficient. 

Mix.     Apply  several  times  daily.     For  rectal  fistula  and  ulcer. 

R.  Tauszky. 

ACIDTJM  BOE1CUM  (Fr.,  Br.,  Ger.)— BORACIC  or  BORIC  ACID 

Take  of  Borax 300  grammes. 

Distilled  water  : 1,200  grammes. 

Sulphuric  acid 100  grammes. 

The  white  of  1  egg. 

Dissolve  the  borax  in  half  the  water  by  the  aid  of  heat.  Divide  the  re- 
mainder of  the  water  into  two  equal  parts,  with  one  of  which  dilute  the 
sulphuric  acid,  with  the  other  mix  the  albumen.  Mix  the  albuminous 
solution  with  the  solution  of  borax,  heat  to  the  boiling  point,  add  the 
diluted  acid,  filter,  and  set  aside  to  crystallize.  Lastly,  drain  the  crystals, 
and  dry  them  on  bibulous  paper. 

Boracic  acid,  thus  obtained,  is  in  white,  shining  scales,  soluble  in  26 
parts  of  cold,  and  in  3  parts  of  warm  water,  and  freely  soluble  in  alcohol. 
"Used  externally  as  an  antiseptic  and  deodorant. 

LOTIONS  OF  BORACIC  Aero. 
A  saturated  solution.  Lister. 

Take  of  Boracic  acid 15  grains. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.  British  Skin  Hospital. 

OINTMENTS  OF  BORACIC  Acm 
Take  of  Boracic  acid 1  part. 

White  wax 1  part. 

Expressed  oil  of  almonds 2  parts. 

Paraffin 2  parts. 

Rub  the  oil  and  the  acid  together  in  a  warm  mortar,  then  add  the 
melted  wax  and  paraffin,  and  triturate  until  cold.  Lister. 

Take  of  Boracic  acid 1  drachm. 

Lard 1  ounce. 

Mix.  British  Skin  Hospital. 


10  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


ACIDUM  CAKBOLICUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CARBOLIC  ACID. 

ObtaiDed  from  coal  tar  by  distillation.  When  pure,  it  crystallizes  in 
minute  Hakes  or  rhomboidal  needles,  clear  and  colorless,  of  an  empyreu- 
matic  odor  resembling  that  of  creasote,  and  of  a  caustic  taste.  It  is,  how- 
ever, generally  of  a  slightly  reddish  tinge,  due  to  impurity.  Upon  exposure 
to  air  it  deliquesces,  and  assumes  the  liquid  state  in  the  presence  of  water 
without  being  dissolved  by  it.  It  is  soluble  in  20  parts  of  water,  and  very 
soluble  in  alcohol,  ether,  acetic  acid,  glycerin,  and  the  fixed  and  volatile 
oils.  It  does  not  act  Like  an  acid  upon  vegetable  colors,  though  it  readily 
combines  with  bases. 

Applied  locally  it  is  an  escharotic.  Taken  internally  in  large  doses  it  is 
a  corrosive  poison.  It  exerts  a  very  destructive  influence  upon  the  lower 
forms  of  vegetable  and  animal  life,  arrests  fermentation,  and  is  a  valuable 
disinfectant  and  antiseptic.  It  is  used,  like  creasote,  to  arrest  obstinate 
vomiting,  and  in  zymotic  diseases,  sarcina  ventriculi,  etc.  It  is,  however, 
more  generally  employed  externaUy  than  internally.  In  the  pure  state  it 
is  sometimes  used  as  a  caustic,  and,  largely  diluted  with  water,  oil,  glyce- 
rin, etc.,  it  is  very  frequently  employed  as  a  dressing  for  wounds,  burns, 
and  scalds,  and  as  a  gargle  in  diphtheria,  scarlatina,  etc.  It  is  also  largely 
employed  for  disinfecting  foul  rooms,  closets,  etc.  For  this  purpose  the 
impure  acid  (Acidum  Carbolicum  Impurum,  U.  S.)  may  be  used. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Aqua  Acidi  Carbolic!  (U.  S.)— Carbolic  Acid  Water. 

Take  of  Glycerite  of  carbolic  acid 10  drachms. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Mix  the  glycerite  with  sufficient  distilled  water  to  make  1  pint. 
Each  drachm  contains  about  1  grain  of  carbolic  acid. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 


Glyceritum  Acidi  Carbolici  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Glycerite  of  Carbolic  Acid. 

Take  of  Carbolic  acid 2  ounces. 

Glycerin ^  pint. 

Rub  together  until  the  acid  is  dissolved. 
Dose  :  5  to  10  minims. 

The  British  preparation,  termed  glycerine  of  carbolic  add,  is  almost 
identical  with  this. 


CARBOLIC    ACID.  11 

Suppositoria  Acidi  Carbolic!  (U.  S.,  Br. )— Suppositories  of  Carbolic 

Acid. 

Take  of  Carbolic  acid 12  grains. 

Oil  of  theobroma 348  grains. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  the  acid,  previously  dissolved  in  a  few  drops  of  water,  with  1 
drachm  of  the  oil,  and  then,  having  melted  the  remainder  and  cooled  it  to 
95°,  mix  the  whole  together  and  pour  into  suitable  moulds,  making  12  sup- 
positories. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  :  carbolic  acid,  12  grains  ;  curd  soap. 
180  grains  ;  starch,  sufficient.  Mix  and  divide  into  12  equal  parts,  each  of 
which  is  to  be  made  into  a  proper  form. 

Unguentum  Acidi  Carbolici  (U.  S.) — Ointment  of  Carbolic  Acid. 

Take  of  Carbolic  acid 60  grains. 

Ointment 420  grains. 

Mix  them  thoroughly. 

CAUSTIC  OF  CARBOLIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Carbolic  acid 1  ounce. 

Water 30  minims. 

Mix.  British  Skin  Hospital. 

CARBOLIZED  COLLODION. 

Take  of  Collodion 1  ounce. 

Castor  oil %  drachm. 

Carbolic  acid ^  drachm. 

Mix.  Hospital  Formulary. 

GARGLES  OF  CARBOLIC  Aero. 

Take  of  Carbolic  acid 20  grains. 

Glycerin 1  ounce. 

Common  salt 1  drachm. 

Warm  water J  pint. 

Dissolve  the  salt  in  the  water,  then  add  the  acid  and  glycerin. 
Use  every  half-hour  at  the  first  intimation  of  sore  throat. 

F.  A.  Burrall. 

Take  of  Glycerite  of  carbolic  acid 1  to  2  drachms. 

Water to  10  ounces. 

Mix.  G.  M.  Lefferts. 

Take  of  Carbolic  acid 20  grains. 

Glycerin %  ounce. 

Water to  10  ounces. 

Mix.  London  Throat  Hospital. 


12  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

LOTIONS  OF  CAKBOLIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Carbolic  acid 20  parts. 

Glycerin 20  parts. 

Water .' 20  parts. 

Mix.     To  be  applied  frequently  in  ringworm  of  the  beard. 

G.  H.  Fox. 

Take  of  Carbolic  acid 2  drachms. 

Glycerin 1  ounce. 

Rose-water to  8  ounces. 

t  • 

Mix.     Used  in  tinea  circinata.  Tilbury  Fox. 

Take  of  Carbolic  acid 1  grain. 

Chloral .% 1  grain. 

Iodide  of  potassium ,  1  grain. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.  Apply  to  the  urethra  on  absorbent  cotton,  once  or  twice  a  week, 
and  inject  the  bladder  with  a  warm  solution  of  salicylic  acid  (2  grains  to  1 
ounce),  administering  also  tincture  of  belladonna,  3  minims  three  times  a 
day.  For  irritable  bladder.  E.  Tauszky. 

Take  of  Carbolic  acid 8  minims. 

Solution  of  subsulphate  of  iron 2  to  3  drachms. 

Glycerin 1  ounce. 

Mix.  Apply  to  the  throat  with  a  camel's-hair  pencil,  two  or  three 
times  a  day.  In  diphtheria.  J.  Lewis  Smith. 

Take  of  Carbolic  acid 40  grains. 

Borate  of  sodium 1  drachm. 

Bicarbonate  of  sodium 1  drachm. 

Glycerin 1  ounce. 

Rose-water 1  ounce. 

Water to  1  pint. 

Mix.  Used  by  means  of  nasal  douche,  nasal  syringe,  or  atomizer,  for 
cleansing  purposes.  G.  M.  Lefferts. 

Take  of  Glycerite  of  carbolic  acid 1^  drachm. 

Borate  of  sodium -. 1  drachm. 

Water 1  pint. 

Mix.     Used  in  the  same  manner  as  the  preceding.         G.  M.  Lefferts. 

Take  of  Glycerite  of  carbolic  acid 2^  drachms. 

Water . .  . .  to  10  ounces. 


Mix.  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Carbolic  acid 10  grains. 

WTater 1  ounce. 

Mix.  British  Skin  Hospital. 


CARBONIC    ACID CHRYSOPHAtfIC    ACID.  13 


ACIDUM  CARBONICUM— CAKBONIC  ACID. 

Carbonic  acid  gas  is  readily  absorbed  by  water,  a  property  which  ad- 
mits of  its  being  administered  internally.  It  is  obtained  from  marble- 
dust  (carbonate  of  lime),  by  the  action  of  sulphuric  acid,  and  water  is 
charged  with  it  by  means  of  machinery  in  general  use. 

Carbonic  acid  water  is  a  refreshing  drink,  and  is  often  of  great  service 
in  controlling  vomiting. 


ACIDUM  CHROMICUM  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— CHROMIC  ACID. 

Obtained  by  decomposing  bichromate  of  potassium  with  sulphuric  acid. 
It  crystallizes  in  brilliant  crimson-colored  needles,  which  are  deliquescent 
and  very  soluble  in  water.  It  is  an  energetic  caustic,  one  of  the  best  for 
the  destruction  of  venereal  and  other  warts,  condylomata,  etc. 

CAUSTICS  OF  CHROMIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Chromic  acid 100  grains. 

Water  . .  1  ounce. 


Mix.     Used  in  vegetations  about  the  genital  organs.  Bumstead. 

Take  of  Chromic  acid 1  ounce. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.  British  Skin  Hospital. 


ACIDUM  CHRrSOPIIANICUM—CHEYSOPHANIC  ACID. 

Obtained  chiefly  from  Goa  powder  (Araroba),  which  is  composed  mainly 
of  it.  It  crystallizes  in  bright  yellow  needles,  but,  as  generally  met  with, 
it  is  a  granular  yellow  powder,  odorless,  and  with  little  taste.  It  is  not, 
strictly  speaking,  an  acid. 

Used  in  the  form  of  an  ointment  in  psoriasis  and  other  diseases  of  the 
skin. 

OINTMENTS  OF  CHRYSOPHANIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Chrysophanic  acid 20  grains. 

Vaseline  (or  a  similar  preparation  of  petroleum)  190  grains. 

Melt  the  vaseline  in  a  water-bath,  add  the  acid,  stir  and  heat  for  about 
ten  minutes,  then  quickly  strain  through  muslin  into  a  capsule  standing  on 
ice,  and  stir  briskly  until  cold.  Hospital  Fowiulary. 


14  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Take  of  Chrysophanic  acid 10  grains. 

Lard 1  ounce. 

Mix.  St.  Mary's  Hospital 

Take  of  Chrysophanic  acid 2  drachms. 

Lard 1  ounce. 

Heat  together  in  a  water-bath  for  half  an  hour ;  when  set,  mix  with 
pestle  and  mortar.  British  Skin  Hospital. 


ACIDUM  CITEICUM  (IT.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CITEIC  ACID. 

Citric  acid  exists  in  a  large  number  of  plants,  but  is  obtained  chiefly 
from  the  juice  of  lemons  and  limes.  It  Occurs  in  colorless  crystals,  of  an 
agreeable  acid  taste,  and  freely  soluble  in  water.  Used  as  a  refrigerant  in 
febrile  diseases,  especially  when  fresh  lemon-juice  cannot  be  obtained. 

Dose  :  5  to  30  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Syrupus  Acidi  Citrici  (U.  S.,  Fr.)— Syrup  of  Citric  Acid. 

Take  of  Citric  acid 120  grains. 

Oil  of  lemon 4  minims. 

Syrup 2  pints. 

Eub  the  acid  and  oil  with  1  ounce  of  the  syrup,  then  add  the  remain- 
der, and  dissolve  with  a  gentle  heat. 

An  agreeable  vehicle  for  the  administration  of  certain  salines. 

LEMONADE  POWDER  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Citric  acid 2£  drachms. 

White  sugar 4  ounces. 

Oil  of  lemon 1  drop. 

Mix. 

A  tablespoonful  to  a  glass  of  water  makes  a  good  substitute  for  lemon- 
ade when  fresh  lemons  are  not  obtainable. 


ACIDUM  GALLICUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— GALLIC  ACID. 

Obtained  chiefly  from  galls,  though  it  exists  in  many  plants.  It  occurs 
in  small,  silky,  nearly  colorless  crystals,  without  odor,  of  a  slightly  acid  and 
astringent  taste,  soluble  in  100  parts  of  cold,  and  in  3  parts  of  boiling 
water. 

It  is  used  as  an  astringent  in  passive  hemorrhages  from  the  lungs, 
stomach,  kidneys,  and  uterus,  in  night-sweats,  etc. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 


GALLIC    ACID.  15 

PREPARATIONS. 

Glyceritum  Acidi  Gallic!  (U.  S.,  Br.)—  Glycerite  of  Gallic  Acid. 
Take  of  Gallic  acid  ..........  .....................     2  ounces. 

Glycerin  ..................................     £  pint, 

Rub  them  together,  then  heat  gently  until  the  acid  is  dissolved. 
Dose  :  20  to  60  minims. 
Glycerine  of  Gallic  Acid,  Br. 

MIXTURES  OF  GALLIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Gallic  acid  ...............................  ^  drachm. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid  .....................  1  drachm. 

Deodorized  tincture  of  opium  ...............  1  drachm. 

Compound  infusion  of  rose  .................  4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  %  ounce  every  four  hours  or  oftener. 

In  menorrhagia,  hseniaturia,  purpura  hsemorrhagica,  and  the  hemor- 
rhaic  diathesis.  Bartholow. 


Take  of  Gallic  acid  ...............................     12  grains. 

Compound  tincture  of  cinnamon  ............     1^  drachm. 

Tincture  of  opium  ........................       8  minims. 

Caraway  water  ............................  to  2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  2  drachms  for  a  child  two  years  old.     In  chronic  diar- 
rhoea. Hillier. 

Take  of  Gallic  acid  ...............................     10  grains. 

Tincture  of  opium  ........................       3  minims. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid  .....................     15  minims. 

Water  ...................................  to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  University  College  Hospital. 

Take  of  Gallic  acid  ...............................     10  grains. 

Camphorated  tincture  of  opium  ...........  .-  .     20  minims. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid  .....................     15  minims. 

Water  ...................................  to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

PILLS  OF  GALLIC  ACID.  ^ 
Take  of  Gallic  acid  ...............................     ^  drachm. 

Extract  of  belladonna  ......................     2  grains. 

Mix  and  divide  into  .......................   10  pills. 

Dose  :  2  pills  at  bed-hour.     For  the  sweating  of  phthisis. 

Bartholow. 

Take  of  Gallic  acid  ...............................     1  drachm. 

Aqueous  extract  of  ergot  (ergotin)  ...........   20  grains. 

Digitalis  .................................   20  grains. 

Mix  and  divide  into  .......................  20  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  every  four  hours.     In  passive  hemorrhages. 

Jtartholow. 


16  MEDICAL    FORMULAE Y. 

Take  of  Gallic  acid 2^  grains. 

Extract  of  henbane 1  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  Eoyal  Chest  Hospital. 

Take  of  Gallic  acid 3  grains. 

Extract  of  rhatany 2  grains. 

Glycerin sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  Samaritan  Hospital. 

Take  of  Gallic  acid 3^  grains. 

Hydrochlorate  of  morphia ^  grain. 

Extract  of  gentian sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

Take  of  Gallic  acid 4  grains. 

Extract  of  opium £  grain. 

Confection  of  roses sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Chest  Hospital. 

PYROGALLIC  ACID. 

When  gallic  acid  is  heated  to  about  400°  it  is  decomposed,  yielding 
carbonic  acid  and  a  sublimate  of  pyrogallic  acid. 

LOTION  OF  PYROGALLIC  Aero. 

Take  of  Pyrogallic  acid , .  15  parts. 

Glycerin 5  parts. 

Water 80  parts. 

Mix.     For  alopecia  areata.  G.  H.  Fox. 

OINTMENT  OF  PYROGALLIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Pyrogallic  acid 10  grains. 

Lard •. , 1  ounce. 

Mix.  British  Skin  Hospital. 


ACIDUM  HYDROBROMICUM— IIYDROBROMIC  ACID. 

Prepared  in  various  ways,  by  the  action  of  bromine  upon  phosphorus, 
sulphuric  or  tartaric  acid  upon  bromide  of  potassium,  etc.  When  pure,  it 
is  a  colorless  gas  of  a  pungent  and  irritating  odor,  but  it  is  readily  absorbed 
by  water,  a  property  which  permits  of  its  being  administered  internally. 
The  concentrated  aqueous  solution  is  colorless  and  has  a  pungent,  acid  taste. 
It  is  chiefly  employed  to  prevent  the  disagreeable  cephalic  symptoms  occa- 
sioned by  quinia  and  iron.  It  has,  however,  been  employed,  like  the  bro- 
mides, in  a  variety  of  nervous  affections. 

Dose  :  Of  the  diluted  acid,  10  to  60  minims. 


HYDROBKOMIC    ACID HYDROCHLORIC    ACID.  17 

MIXTURE  OF  HYDROBROMIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Diluted  hydrobroinic  acid  (34$) £  drachm. 

Spirit  of  chloroform 20  minims. 

Syrup  of  squill 1  drachm. 

Water. ...    to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose  :  to  be  taken  twice  or  thrice  daily,  for  cough. 

Hospital  Formulary. 

Take  of  Hydrobromic  acid 20  minims. 

Syrup 20  minims. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  London  Chest  Hospital. 


ACIDUM   IIYDROCHLORICUM  (U.   S.   et  al.  Ph.)— HYDRO- 
CHLORIC ACID— MURIATIC  ACID. 

An  aqueous  solution  of  hydrochloric  acid  gas,  of  the  specific  gravity 
1.160,  obtained  by  the  action  of  sulphuric  acid  upon  common  salt. 

It  is  a  colorless  liquid  of  a  suffocating  odor,  and  possessing  energetic 
caustic  properties.  The  commercial  acid  commonly  contains  chlorine,  iron, 
and  other  impurities,  and  is  of  a  light  yellowish  color. 

The  concentrated  acid  is  employed  externally  as  a  caustic. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Aeidum  Hydrochloricum  Dilutum  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.) — Diluted  Hydro- 
chloric Acid. 

Take  of  Hydrochloric  acid  (by  weight) 4  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Mix  the  acid  with  sufficient  distilled  water  to  make  1  pint. 

Dose :  10  to  30  minims.  Used  in  dyspepsia,  chronic  diarrhoea  and 
dysentery,  typhus,  typhoid  and  scarlet  fevers,  etc.  ;  topically  as  a  gargle  in 
various  forms  of  sore  throat,  and  as  a  bath  in  skin  diseases. 

BATH  OF  HYDROCHLORIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Hydrochloric  acid 1  ounce. 

Water 30  gallons. 

Mix.     Used  in  chronic  lichen  and  prurigo.  Tilbury  .Fox. 

GARGLE  OF  HYDROCHLORIC  Aero. 
Take  of  Diluted  hydrochloric  acid 12  minims. 

Glycerin , 24  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     Stimulant.  London  Throat  Hospital. 


18  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

MIXTURES  OF  HYDROCHLORIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Hydrochloric  acid 3  drachms. 

Compound  tincture  of  gentian 8  ounces. 

Water 8  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm.  Hospital  Formulary. 

Take  of  Diluted  hydrochloric  acid 2£  minims. 

Sugar 12£  grains. 

Water    1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Guy's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Diluted  hydrochloric  acid 10  minims. 

Tincture  of  chiretta 15  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  London  Ophthalmic  Hospital. 

Take  of  Diluted  hydrochloric  acid , 1  drachm. 

Spirit  of  chloroform 1  drachm. 

Syrup 1  drachm. 

Camphor  water to  3  ounces. 

Mix     Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms.     For  children.          Middlesex  Hospital. 


ACIDUM  HYDROCYANICUM  DILUTUM  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)- 
DILUTED  HYDEOCYANIC  ACID— DILUTED  PKUSSIC 
ACID. 

Take  of  Ferrocyanide  of  potassium 2  ounces. 

Sulphuric  acid  (by  weight) 1£  ounce. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Mix  the  acid  with  4  ounces  of  distilled  water,  and,  when  cool,  pour  into 
a  glass  retort,  and  add  the  ferrocyanide,  dissolved  in  10  ounces  of  distilled 
water,  connect  with  a  cooled  receiver  containing  8  ounces  of  distilled  water, 
and  distil  6  ounces.  Lastly,  add  to  the  product  5  ounces  of  distilled  water, 
or  sufficient  to  render  it  of  such  a  strength  that  12-^  grains  of  nitrate  of 
silver  may  be  exactly  neutralized  by  100  grains  of  the  acid. 

When  required  for  immediate  use,  prepare  it  thus : 

Take  of  Cyanide  of  silver 50^  grains. 

Hydrochloric  acid 41  grains. 

Distilled  water 1  ounce. 

Mix  the  acid  and  water,  add  the  cyanide,  shake  well,  let  the  precipitate 
subside,  then  decant  and  preserve  the  clear  liquid. 


DILUTED    HYDROCYANIC    ACID.  19 

Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid  is  a  clear,  colorless  liquid  of  a  peculiar  odor 
and  a  slightly  irritating  taste.  It  is  a  powerful  antispasmodic  and  seda- 
tive. Used  in  whooping-cough,  phthisis,  obstinate  vomiting,  etc.,  and 
topically  in  skin  diseases,  chiefly  to  allay  itching.  In  overdoses,  it  is  one 
of  the  most  deadly  poisons  known. 

Dose :  1  to  4  minims. 

INHALATION  OF  HYDROCYANIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid 1  drachm. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.  Use  a  drachm  in  a  pint  of  water  at  80°,  for  each  inhalation.  A 
very  useful  sedative  in  the  cough  of  laryngeal  phthisis,  and  in  some  spas- 
modic affections.  London  Throat  Hospital. 

An  inhalation  containing  10  to  15  minims  of  the  diluted  acid  with  1 
drachm  of  water,  is  officinal  in  the  British  Pharmacopoeia. 


LOTIONS  OF  HYDROCYANIC  Aero. 

Take  of  Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid ^  drachm. 

Infusion  of  marshmallow 5  ounces. 

Mix.     Used  in  pruritus.  Tilbury  Fox. 

Take  of  Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid 2  drachms. 

Borax 1  drachm. 

Rose-water 8  ounces. 

Mix.     Used  in  the  pruritus  of  old  people.  Neligan. 


Take  of  Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid 10  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid 30  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.  st.  George's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid 5  minims. 

Bicarbonate  of  sodium 5  grains. 

Borax 5  grains. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.  London  Ophthalmic  Hospital. 


20  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

MIXTURES  OF  HYDROCYANIC  Aero. 

Take  of  Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid 1  drachm. 

Tincture  of  sanguinaria , 4  drachms. 

Syrup  of  seneka £  ounce. 

Syrup  of  tolu 2  ounces. 

Cherry-laurel  water 7  drachms. 

Mix.     Dose :    1  to  2  drachms,  according  to  age,  every  three  or  four 
hours.     For  initable  cough.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid 3  minims. 

Camphor- water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  London  Throat  Hospital. 

Take  of  Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid 3  minims. 

Bicarbonate  of  sodium 10  grains. 

Tincture  of  belladonna 10  minims. 

Infusion  of  gentian 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Samaritan  Hospital. 

Take  of  Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid 10  minims. 

Tincture  of  stramonium 20  minims. 

Bromide  of  ammonium 1  drachm. 

Syrup  of  tolu 2  ounces. 

Mucilage  of  gum  arabic * . .  2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  three  or  four  times  a  day  for  a  child  two  years 
old.     In  whooping-cough.  Hospital  for  Ruptured  and  Crippled. 


ACIDUM  LACTICUM  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— LACTIC  ACID. 

The  product  of  the  fermentation  of  the  sugar  of  milk.  It  is  a  syrupy, 
nearly  transparent  liquid,  of  a  slight,  bland  odor,  a  very  sour  taste,  and 
having  the  specific  gravity  1.212. 

It  is  occasionally  used  in  dyspepsia,  and  to  prevent  phosphatic  deposits 
in  the  urine.  Topically  it  has  been  employed,  chiefly  by  inhalation,  to 
dissolve  the  membrane  of  croup  and  diphtheria. 

Dose  :  \  to  1  drachm. 

INHALATION  or  LACTIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Lactic  acid 30  minims. 

Distilled  water '. to  1  ounce. 

Mix.  Use  by  means  of  a  spray  apparatus.  Of  great  service  in  diph- 
theria ;  it  appears  to  have  the  effect  of  dissolving  the  membranous  exuda- 
tion. London  Throat  Hospital. 

MIXTURE  OF  LACTIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Lactic  acid 4  drachms. 

Glycerite  of  pepsin 12  drachms. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  after  meals.     In  dyspepsia.  Bartholow. 


NITKIC    ACID.  21 


ACIDUM  NITKICUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— NITRIC  ACID. 

Obtained  by  the  action  of  sulphuric  acid  upon  nitrate  of  potassium. 

It  is  a  colorless  liquid,  having  the  specific  gravity  1.420,  and  possessing 
energetic  caustic  properties.  The  commercial  acid  is  of  a  pale  yellow  color, 
owing  to  impurities. 

In  this  concentrated  form,  nitric  acid  is  only  employed  as  a  caustic. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Acidum  Mitrieum  Dilutum  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)— Diluted  Nitric  Acid. 

Take  of  Nitric  acid  (by  weight) 3  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Mix  the  acid  with  sufficient  distilled  water  to  make  1  pint.  Used  as  a 
tonic  in  dyspepsia,  fevers,  dysentery,  etc.,  and  topically  as  a  stimulating 
gargle  and  lotion. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  minims. 

NITBIC  Aero  LEMONADE  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Nitric  acid  (sp.  gr.  1.420) 2  parts. 

Water  900  parts. 

Syrup 100  parts. 

Mix.     Used  as  a  refrigerant  drink  in  febrile  affections. 

BATH  OF  NITRIC  Aero. 

Take  of  Nitric  acid 1  ounce. 

Water 30  gallons. 

Mix.     Used  in  chronic  lichen  and  prurigo.  Tilbury  Fox. 

GARGLE  OF  NITRIC  Aero. 

Take  of  Nitric  acid 1  drachm. 

Syrup 1  ounce. 

Water to  12  ounces. 

Mix.     Stimulant.  St.  Mary's  Hospital. 

LOTIONS  OF  NITRIC  Aero. 

Take  of  Diluted  nitric  acid £  drachm. 

Acetate  of  lead 5  grains. 

Water 6  ounces. 

Mix.     Used  in  eczematous  and  lichenous  affections.          TUbury  Fox. 

Take  of  Diluted  nitric  acid 30  minims. 

Liquid  extract  of  opium 45  minims. 

Water. to  2  ounces. 

Mix.  Middlesex  Hospital 


22  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Take  of  Diluted  nitric  acid 1  ounce. 

Water 1  pint. 

Mix.      In    mucous    patches,  condylomata,   torpid  and  ill-conditioned 
ulcers.  •     Bartholow. 

MIXTURES  OF  NITRIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Diluted  nitric  acid 20  minims. 

Compound  tincture  of  cardamom 1  drachm. 

Compound  infusion  of  gentian to  1^  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  St.  Thomas's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Diluted  nitric  acid 10  minims. 

Tincture  of  columbo ^  drachm. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

Take  of  Nitric  acid 8  minims. 

Tincture  of  opium 40  minims. 

Camphor  water 8  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  -J  ounce.     Known  as  Hope's  mixture.     Much  used  in  chronic 
dysentery. 


ACIDUM  ISTITRO-HYDKOCHLOEICUM  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— ETI- 
TRO-HYDROCHLORIC  ACID— NITRO-MURIATIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Nitric  acid  (by  weight) 3  ounces. 

Hydrochloric  acid  (by  weight) 5  ounces. 

Mix  the  acids  in  a  glass  vessel,  and  when  effervescence  has  ceased,  put 
the  product  in  a  well-stopped  bottle,  and  keep  it  in  a  cool,  dark  place. 

Nitro-hydrochloric  acid  is  a  very  corrosive  liquid,  of  a  deep  golden- 
yellow  color,  and  having  the  odor  of  chlorine.  The  concentrated  acid  is 
occasionally  used  as  a  caustic,  but  is  chiefly  employed,  largely  diluted,  as 
a  tonic  in  dyspepsia,  fevers,  oxaluria,  etc.  The  diluted  acid  is  rather  more 
convenient  for  dispensing,  and  hence  is  more  generally  employed. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Acidum    Nitro-Hydrochloricum    Dilutum   (U.    S.,   Br.) — Diluted 
Nitro-Hydrochloric  Acid. 

Take  of  Nitric  acid  (by  weight) 1£  ounce. 

Hydrochloric  acid  (by  weight) 2J-  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Mix  the  acids  in  a  well-stopped  bottle,  and  shake  occasionally  during 
twenty-four  hours,  then  add  sufficient  distilled  water  to  make  1  pint.  Keep 
in  a  cool,  dark  place. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  minims. 


OLEIC    ACID GLACIAL    PHOSPHORIC    A.CID.  23 

Diluted  nitro-hydrochloric  acid  is  used  for  the  same  purposes,  and  in 
about  the  same  manner  as  diluted  nitric,  and  diluted  hydrochloric  acids. 

When  administered  as  an  aid  to  digestion  in  dyspepsia,  it  is  best  com- 
bined with  a  bitter  infusion,  as  infusion  of  quassia  or  gentian. 


ACIDUM   OLEICUM— OLEIC   ACID. 

One  of  the  constituents  of  fats,  and  commercially  obtained  as  a  sec- 
ondary product  in  the  manufacture  of  stearin  candles.  It  is,  when  pure,  a 
clear,  colorless  liquid  at  ordinary  temperatures,  but  crystallizes  at  about 
40°  F.  The  commercial  article  is  of  a  yellow  color,  owing  to  impurities. 

Oleic  acid  is  used  in  making  a  class  of  preparations  termed  oleates, 
which  are  often  employed  by  inunction  instead  of  the  officinal  ointments. 


ACIDUM    PHOSPHOKICUM    GLACIALE  (U.  S.)— GLACIAL 

PHOSPHORIC   ACID. 

t 

Obtained  by  digesting  calcined  bones  in  sulphuric  acid,  filtering,  neu- 
tralizing with  ammonia,  filtering  again,  evaporating  to  dryness,  and  heating 
to  redness. 

It  occurs  in  colorless,  transparent,  glass-like  masses,  slowly  deliques- 
cent, soluble  in  water,  and  in  alcohol.  Used  in  preparations. 

PREPARATIONS. 

AcidumPhosphoricum  Dilutum  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Diluted  Phosphoric 

Acid. 

Take  of  Phosphorus 360  grains. 

Nitric  acid  (by  weight) 5  ounces,  or  sufficient. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Mix  the  acid  with  \  pint  of  distilled  water,  in  a  porcelain  capsule  of  the 
capacity  of  2  pints.  Add  the  phosphorus,  and  invert  over  it  a  glass  fun- 
nel with  its  rim  resting  on  the  inside  of  the  capsule,  near  the  liquid, 
Heat  till  the  phosphorus  is  dissolved,  adding  a  little  distilled  water  if  the 
reaction  becomes  too  violent,  and,  if  red  vapors  cease  to  be  evolved  before 
solution  is  effected,  adding  more  nitric  acid,  diluted  as  before.  Then  re- 
move the  funnel,  evaporate  the  solution  until  it  weighs  2  ounces,  and  mix 
this,  when  cold,  with  sufficient  distilled  water  to  make  the  filtered  liquid 
measure  20  ounces. 


24  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

It  may  also  be  prepared  thus  : 

Take  of  Glacial  phosphoric  acid 1  ounce. 

Nitric  acid 40  grains. 

Distilled  water : sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  glacial  phosphoric  acid  in  3  ounces  of  the  water,  add  the 
nitric  acid,  boil  to  a  syrupy  consistence,  and  add  sufficient  distilled  water 
to  make  it  measure  12J  ounces. 

Diluted  phosphoric  acid  is  a  colorless  liquid  of  the  specific  gravity 
1.056,  and  having  a  strongly  acid  taste. 

Used  as  a  tonic  and  refrigerant,  like  other  mineral  acids,  but  it  is  be- 
lieved to  be  especially  useful  in  cases  of  nervous  depression. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  minims. 

MIXTURES  OF  PHOSPHORIC  ACID  AND  STRYCHNIA. 

Take  of  Diluted  phosphoric  acid J  ounce. 

Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 1  ounce. 

Strychnia 1  grain. 

Mix  and  add  of  glycerin 1^  ounce. 

Syrup  of  orange  peel 1  ounce. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  drachm  in  a  wineglass  of  sweetened  water  directly  after 
eating,  taken  through  a  tube.  For  nervous  irritability,  depression  and 
anaemia.  Fordyce  Barker. 

Take  of  Diluted  phosphoric  acid 15  minims. 

Solution  of  strychnia  (4  grs.  to  1  oz.) 3  minims. 

Spirit  of  chloroform . .   15  minims. 

Infusion  of  quassia 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  London  Chest  Hospital. 

MIXTURE  OF  PHOSPHORIC  ACID  AND  QUASSIA. 

Take  of  Diluted  phosphoric  acid 15  minims. 

Tincture  of  quassia 30  minims. 

Syrup  of  orange 20  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 


ACIDUM   SALICYLICUM.— SALICYLIC  ACID. 

Salicylic  acid  may  be  prepared  from  oil  of  wintergreen,  salicin,  and 
other  vegetable  products,  but  not  in  sufficient  quantities  to  be  of  commer- 
cial importance.  For  medical  use  it  is  prepared  from  carbolic  acid. 

It  occurs  in  small,  white,  acicular  crystals,  odorless,  and  of  a  sweetish, 
astringent,  and  slightly  acrid  taste.  It  is  very  sparingly  soluble  in  cold 
water,  but  freely  soluble  in  boiling  water,  alcohol,  ether,  and  glycerin.  It 
also  dissolves  freely  in  solutions  of  sulphite  or  phosphate  of  sodium,  etc. 


SALICYLIC    ACID OIL    OF    VITRIOL.  25 

Salicylic  acid  is  used  with  great  success  in  acute  rheumatism,  and  with 
variable  results  in  a  number  of  other  diseases.  Salicylate  of  sodium  is, 
however,  generally  employed  instead  of  the  acid,  on  account  of  its  greater 
solubility. 

Externally  salicylic  acid  is  employed  as  an  antiseptic  and  disinfectant. 

Dose  :  10  to  40  grains. 

MIXTURES  OF  SALICYLIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Salicylic  acid 160  grains. 

Acetate  of  potassium 320  grains. 

Glycerin 1  ounce. 

Water to  4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose :  1  drachm.     In  rheumatism.  Hospital  Formulary. 

Take  of  Salicylic  acid 20  grains. 

Bicarbonate  of  sodium 20  grains. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  St.  Mary's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Salicylic  acid 2  drachms. 

Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium 2  ounces. 

Water. 6  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  ounce.  National  Dispensatory. 


ACroUM     SULPHCTRICUM    (TJ.  S.  et  al.  Ph.).— SULPHUKIC 
ACID— OIL  OF  YITKIOL. 

Sulphuric  acid  is  commonly  prepared  by  burning  sulphur  and  nitrate 
of  potassium,  or  sodium,  in  a  furnace  so  constructed  that  the  current  of 
air  which  supports  combustion,  conveys  the  gaseous  product  into  a 
leaden  chamber  whose  bottom  is  covered  with  water. 

It  is  a  colorless,  oily  liquid,  of  the  specific  gravity  1.843,  without  odor, 
and  intensely  corrosive.  It  mixes  with  water  in  all  proportions,  with  the 
evolution  of  heat.  Occasionally  used  as  a  caustic.  For  internal  adminis- 
tration, the  diluted,  or  the  aromatic  acid,  is  generally  employed. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Acidum  Sulphuricum  Dilutum  (IT.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Diluted  Sulphuric 

Acid. 

Take  of  Sulphuric  acid  (by  weight) 2  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Add  the  acid  gradually  to  14  ounces  of  distilled  water,  and,  after  twenty- 


26  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

four  hours,  filter,  adding  sufficient  distilled  water  thr6ugh  the  filter  to 
make  1  pint. 

Used  as  a  tonic  and  refrigerant  in  febrile  affections,  etc. 

Dose  :  5  to  30  minims. 

Acidum  Sulphuricum  Aromaticum  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Aromatic  Sulphuric 
Acid — Elixir  of  Vitriol. 

Take  of  Sulphuric  acid  (by  weight) 6  ounces. 

Ginger 1  ounce. 

Cinnamon 1£  ounce. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Add  the  acid  gradually  to  1  pint  of  alcohol.  Mix  the  ginger  and  cin- 
namon, and  with  alcohol  obtain  1  pint  of  tincture,  by  percolation.  Mix 
this  with  the  diluted  acid. 

This  is  .the  form  in  which  sulphuric  acid  is  most  commonly  prescribed. 
It  is  often  used  in  colliquative  sweats,  and  in  colliquative  and  other  diar- 
rhoeas. 

Dose  :  5  to  80  minims. 

MIXTURES  OF  SULPHURIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Diluted  sulphuric  acid 10  minims. 

Glycerin 30  minims. 

Peppermint  water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  London  Ophthalmic  Hospital. 

Take  of  Diluted  sulphuric  acid 12  minims. 

Tincture  of  catechu 15  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  University  College  Hospital. 

Take  of  Diluted  sulphuric  acid 15  minims. 

Sulphate  of  magnesium 20  grains. 

Alum 10  grains. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

Take  of  Diluted  sulphuric  acid 10  minims. 

Sulphate  of  magnesium 40  grains. 

Treacle , 40  minims. 

Peppermint  water 7  drachms. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Westminster  Ophthalmic  Hospital. 

Take  of  Diluted  sulphuric  acid 20  minims. 

Tincture  of  opium 10  minims. 

Spirit  of  chloroform 20  minims. 

Camphor  water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  St.  Mary's  Hospital. 


SULPHUKOUS    ACID TANNIC    ACID.  27 


ACIDUM  SULPHUROSUM  (U.  S.,  Br.)— SULPHUROUS  ACID. 

Take  of  Sulphuric  acid  (by  weight)  . . 8  ounces. 

Charcoal,  in  coarse  powder 1  ounce. 

Distilled  water 36  ounces. 

Pour  the  acid  upon  the  charcoal,  previously  introduced  into  a  matrass ; 
apply  heat,  and,  by  means  of  proper  apparatus,  pass  the  evolved  gas  into 
the  water,  contained  in  a  bottle  and  kept  cool. 

It  is  a  colorless  liquid,  having  the  odor  of  burning  sulphur,  and  a  sour, 
sulphurous  taste.  Used  internally  in  dyspepsia  characterized  by  fermenta- 
tion of  the  food — though  the  sulphites  are  preferable — and  topically  in 
skin  diseases  due  to  vegetable  parasites,  by  inhalation  in  diphtheria,  etc. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  minims. 

INHALATION  OF  SULPHUROUS  Acm 

Take  of  Sulphurous  acid 1  drachm. 

AVater  (60°  to  100°) 20  ounces. 

For  one  inhalation.  Stimulant.  The  pure  acid  may  be  used  by  means 
of  a  spray  apparatus  in  diphtheria,  etc.,  40  to  60  minims  being  employed 
for  each  inhalation.  London  Throat  Hospital. 

LOTION  OF  SULPHUROUS  ACID. 

Take  of  Sulphurous  acid 5  ounces. 

Glycerin   to  10  ounces. 

Mix.  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital. 

This  lotion  will  occasionally  afford  great  relief  in  pruritus  ani. 


ACIDUM  TAXX1CUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— TAXXIC  ACID- 
TANNIN. 

Take  of  Nutgall  in  fine  powder sufficient. 

Ether sufficient. 

Expose  the  nutgall  to  a  damp  atmosphere  for  twenty-four  hours,  then 
mix  it  with  sufficient  ether,  previously  washed  with  water,  to  form  a  soft 
paste.  After  six  hours,  enclose  in  canvas,  and  express  strongly  and  quickly 
so  as  to  obtain  the  liquid.  Eeduce  the  cake  to  powder,  form  a  paste  with 
washed  ether,  and  express  as  before.  Mix  the  liquids,  evaporate  spontane- 
ously to  a  syrupy  consistence,  then  spread  upon  plates  and  dry  quickly. 

It  is  a  light,  non-crystalline  powder,  of  a  yellowish  color  and  a  very 
astringent  taste.  It  is  soluble  in  water,  glycerin,  and  alcohol.  It  is 
powerfully  astringent,  and  is  used  in  all  cases  where  vegetable  astringents 


28  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

are  required,  as  diarrhoea  and  dysentery,  passive  hemorrhages,  colliquative 
sweats,  etc.  Externally  it  is  employed  in  hemorrhages,  catarrhal  affec- 
tions, etc. 

Dose  :  2  to  10  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Glyceritum  Acidi  Tannici  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Glycerite  of  Tannic  Acid. 

Take  of  Tannic  acid 2  ounces. 

Glycerin , J  pint. 

Bub  them  together,  then  heat  gently  until  the  acid  is  dissolved. 

Dose  :  10  to  40  minims. 

Termed  Glycerine  of  Tannic  Acid  by  the  British  Pharmacopoeia. 

Suppositoria  Acidi  Tannici  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Suppositories  of  Tannic  Acid. 

Take  of  Tannic  acid 60  grains. 

Oil  of  theobroma 300  grains. 

Rub  the  acid  with  60  grains  of  the  oil,  melt  the  remainder,  and,  having 
cooled  it  to  95°,  mix  all  together  and  pour  into  suitable  moulds,  making 
12  suppositories. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  :  tannic  acid,  36  grains  ;  benzoated 
lard,  44  grains  ;  white  wax,  10  grains  ;  oil  of  theobroma,  90  grains. 

It  also  prepares  suppositories  with  tannic  acid,  36  grains  ;  glycerin  of 
starch,  50  grains  ;  curd  soap,  100  grains  ;  starch,  sufficient. 

Trochisci  Acidi  Tannici  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Troches  of  Tannic  Acid. 

Take  of  Tannic  acid 1  ounce. 

Sugar 10  ounces. 

Tragacanth 120  grains. 

Orange-flower  water sufficient. 

Bub  the  powders  thoroughly  together,  then  with  orange-flower  water 
form  a  mass,  to  be  divided  into  480  troches. 
Dose  :  1  or  2  troches. 

Unguentum  Acidi  Tannici  (U.  S.)— Ointment  of  Tannic  Acid. 

Take  of  Tannic  acid 30  grains. 

Lard 1  ounce. 

Bub  them  thoroughly  together,  avoiding  the  use  of  an  iron  spatula. 

GARGLES  or  TANNIC  Aero. 

Take  of  Tannic  acid 12  grains. 

Bectified  spirit 6  minims. 

Camphor  mixture to  1  ounce. 

Dissolve.     Astringent.  London  Throat  Hospital. 


TANNIC    ACID.  29 

Take  of  Tannic  acid 360  grains. 

Gallic  acid 120  grains. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Kub  the  acids  to  a  fine  powder,  and  mix  with  the  water.  Slowly  sipped, 
or  held  passively  in  the  mouth,  it  is  most  useful  for  arresting  hemorrhage 
from  the  uvula  or  tonsils  after  excision.  London  Throat  Hospital. 

INHALATION  or  TANNIC  Aero. 

Take  of  Tannic  acid 40  grains. 

Water 8  ounces. 

Mix.     Astringent.     Used  by  means  of  a  steam  atomizing  apparatus. 

G.  M.  Leffert*. 

INJECTIONS  OF  TANNIC  Aero. 

Take  of  Tannic  acid 1  drachm. 

Alum 2  drachms. 

Water 1  pint. 

Mix.     For  gonorrhoea  in  women.  Buinstead. 

Take  of  Tannic  acid 2  drachms. 

Glycerin 1  ounce. 

Water 3  ounces. 

Mix.  London  Fever  Hospital. 

MIXTURE  OF  TANNIC  Aero. 

Take  of  Tannic  acid 7  grains. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid 10  minims. 

Cinnamon  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Charing  Cross  Hospital. 

OINTMENT  OF  TANNIC  Aero  WITH  OPIUM. 
Take  of  Tannic  acid ^  drachm. 

Powdered  opium ^  drachm. 

Lard 1  ounce. 

Mix.  British  Skin  Hospital. 

PILLS  OF  TANNIC  Aero  WITH  OPIUM. 

Take  of  Tannic  acid 20  grains. 

Opium 1  grain. 

Mucilage sufficient. 

Mix  and  divide  into  4  pills.  St.  Thomas's  Hospital. 

POWDERS  OF  TANNIC  Aero. 

Take  of  Tannic  acid £  ounce. 

Powdered  gum  arabic 2  drachms. 

White  sugar 2  drachms. 

Mix.     For  insufflation  into  the  larynx  or  nares.    Useful  in  hemorrhage. 

G.  31.  Lefferts. 


30  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Take  of  Tannic  acid 5  grains. 

lodoform 2  grains. 

Guni  arabic 3  grains. 

Mix    and  form   a    powder.      For    insufflation,  as  an  astringent  and 
alterative  in  post-nasal  catarrh.  London  Throat  Hospital. 

Take  of  Tannic  acid 2  drachms. 

Powdered  opium 6  grains. 

Sugar sufficient. 

Mix  and  divide  into  6  powders. 

Dose  :  1  powder  every  two  hours.    In  profuse  diarrhoea.        Oppolzer. 


ACIDUM  TAETAEICUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— TAETAEIC  ACID. 

This  is  the  acid  of  grapes,  and  is  prepared  from  tartar,  or  crude  bitar- 
trate  of  potassium,  which  is  deposited  in  wine-casks  after  fermentation. 

Tartaric  acid  occurs  as  a  white,  crystalline  powder,  of  a  very  sour  taste, 
and  freely  soluble  in  water.  It  is  diuretic  and  refrigerant.  Used  chiefly 
in  preparing  effervescing  draughts. 

Dose  :  30  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

See  Pulveres  Effervescentes  and  Pulveres  Effervescentes  Aperientes. 

LEMONADE  OF  TABTARIC  ACID  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Syrup  of  tartaric  acid 10  parts. 

Water 90  parts. 

Mix.     A  refrigerant  drink  in  fevers. 

SYRUP  OF  TARTARIC  ACID  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Tartaric  acid 1  part. 

Distilled  water 2  parts. 

Syrup 47  parts. 

Dissolve  the  acid  in  the  water,  and  add  the  solution  to  the  syrup. 


ACIDUM  VALEEIAXICIJM  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— VALEEIANIC 

ACID. 

Prepared  by  distilling  valerianate  of  sodium  with  water  and  sulphuric 
acid.  It  is  a  colorless,  oily  liquid,  having  the  disagreeable  odor  of  valerian. 
Not  used  in  medicine  except  in  combination  with  bases,  as  valerianate  of 
zinc,  valerianate  of  ammonium,  etc. 


ACONITIA ACONITE,    LEAVES    AND    BOOT.  31 

ACONITIA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— ACONITIA. 

Take  of  Aconite  root 48  ounces. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid 1^  ounce. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Stronger  water  of  ammonia sufficient. 

Stronger  ether sufficient. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Digest  the  aconite  in  8  pints  of  alcohol  at  120°  for  twenty-four  hours, 
then  transfer  to  a  percolator  and,  with  alcohol,  percolate  to  24  pints.  Distil 
off  the  alcohol  until  it  is  reduced  to  1  pint.  Add  to  this,  1  pint  of  distilled 
water  mixed  with  the  sulphuric  acid,  remove  the  oil  and  resin  which  separate 
on  standing,  and  evaporate  to  4  ounces.  When  cool,  wash  it  with  ether,  and 
add  ammonia-water  in  slight  excess.  Next,  shake  the  mixture  with  6  ounces 
of  the  ether,  allow  it  to  settle,  and  decant  the  .upper  ethereal  layer  of  liquid. 
Repeat  the  process  twice,  mix  the  ethereal  solutions,  and  allow  the  mixture 
to  evaporate  spontaneously.  Reduce  the  dry  residue  to  powder,  and  keep 
in  a  well-  stopped  bottle. 

It  is  a  yellowish-white  powder,  without  odor,  and  having  a  bitter,  acrid 
taste,  followed  by  a  sensation  of  numbness,  soluble  in  150  parts  of  cold 
water,  and  freely  soluble  in  alcohol,  ether,  and  chloroform.  Seldom  em- 
ployed internally. 

Dose  :  y^  to  yj^j-  grain. 


PREPARATIONS. 

OINTMENT  OF  ACONITIA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Aconitia 8  grains. 

Rectified  spirit ^  drachm. 

Prepared  lard 1  ounce. 

Dissolve  the  aconitia  in  the  spirit,  add  the  lard  and  mix. 
Used  in  neuralgia.     Should  be  used  with  great  care. 


ACON ITUM— ACONITE. 

ACONIT1  FOLIA  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— ACONITE  LEAVES. 
ACONITI  RADIX  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— ACONITE  ROOT. 

The  leaves  and  root  of  Aconitum  Napellus,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Ranunculacece), 
a  large,  herbaceous  perennial  indigenous  to  Northern  Europe  and  Asia,  and 
the  western  coast  of  North  America. 

Aconite  owes  its  medicinal  virtues  to  an  alkaloid  termed  aconitia,  which 
exists  in  much  larger  proportion  in  the  root  than  in  the  leaves.  The  lat- 
ter, as  found  in  the  shops,  vary  greatly  in  strength,  and  are  therefore  much 
less  used  than  the  former. 


32  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Aconite  is  a  cardiac  sedative  of  great  power,  and  is  much  used  in  the 
early  stages  of  acute  inflammatory  affections,  as  pneumonia,  pleurisy,  ton- 
sillitis, rheumatism,  erysipelas,  etc. 

Applied  locally,  it  temporarily  paralyzes  the  sensory  nerves,  and  hence 
is  of  service  in  certain  cases  of  neuralgia. 

Dose  :  Of  the  leaves,  1  to  3  grains  ;  of  the  root,  4  to  2  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  Aconiti  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Extract  of  Aconite. 

Take  of  Aconite  leaves,  recently  dried 12  ounces. 

Alcohol 1  pint. 

Diluted  alcohol. . . . ' sufficient. 

Moisten  the  aconite  with  the  alcohol,  then  percolate  with  diluted  alco- 
hol until  1  pint  is  obtained.  Allow  this  to  evaporate  spontaneously  to  3 
ounces.  Continue  the  percolation  until  2  pints  more  are  obtained,  or  the 
aconite  is  exhausted.  Evaporate  this  on  a  water-bath,  at  or  below  160°,  to 
the  consistence  of  syrup ;  add  the  reserved  portion,  and  continue  the  eva- 
poration at,  or  below  120°,  until  reduced  to  a  proper  consistence. 

Dose  :  -j-  to  J  grain. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  employs  the  fresh  leaves  ;  the  German  the 
root.  The  French  Codex  prepares  also  an  extract  from  the  juice. 

Emplastrum  Aconiti  (U.  S.) — Aconite  Plaster. 

Take  of  Aconite  root 16  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Resin  plaster sufficient. 

Macerate  the  root  with  1  pint  of  alcohol  for  four  days,  then  percolate 
until  2  pints  are  obtained.  Distil  off  1|-  pint  of  alcohol,  evaporate  the  re- 
sidue to  a  soft  extract,  and  add  sufficient  resin  plaster,  previously  melted, 
to  make  the  whole  weigh  16  ounces. 

Tinctura  Aconiti  Radicis  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)— Tincture  of  Aconite  Root. 

Take  of  Aconite  root 12  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  1  to  3  minims. 

The  French  Codex  prepares  a  tincture  from  the  fresh  leaves,  by  macerat- 
ing them  for  ten  days  in  an  equal  weight  of  alcohol. 

LINIMENT  OF  ACONITE  (Br.). 

Take  of  Aconite  root 20  ounces. 

Camphor 1  ounce. 

Rectified  spirit  ....    sufficient. 

Macerate  the  aconite  with  spirit  for  three  days,  then  percolate  into  a 
receiver  containing  the  camphor,  until  it  measures  20  ounces. 


ACONITE  BOOT — SULPHURIC  ETHER.  33 

An  excellent  preparation  for  the  relief  of  some  forms  of  neuralgia.     It 
should  be  used  with  caution. 

FLEMING'S  TINCTURE  OF  ACONITE. 

Take  of  Aconite  root 8  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  12  ounces. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  minims. 

MIXTURES  OF  ACONITE. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  aconite  root 2  drachms, 

Deodorized  tincture  of  opium 6  drachms. 

Mix.     Dose  :  8  drops  in  water  every  hour  or  two.     In  acute  pleurisy, 
previous  to  effusion.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  aconite 3  minims. 

Colchicum  wine 10  minims. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium 10  grains. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Westminster  Ophthalmic  Hospital. 


ADEPS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— LARD. 

The  prepared  fat  of  the  hog  (Sus  scrqfa,  L).  Leaf  lard,  that  which  is  ob- 
tained from  the  mesentery,  omentum,  and  kidneys,  should  be  selected  for 
medicinal  use.  At  and  below  90°  F.,  lard  is  a  soft  solid,  white,  and  of  a 
peculiar  odor,  which  should  be  free  from  rancidity.  It  is  used  in  the  prep- 
aration of  ointments  and  cerates. 


AETHER  (D.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— ETHER— SULPHURIC  ETHER. 

Prepared  by  distilling  a  mixture  of  sulphuric  acid  and  alcohol  at  a 
temperature  between  260°  and  280°,  and  subsequently  purifying  the  pro- 
duct by  redistillation. 

It  is  a  colorless,  limpid,  and  very  volatile  and  inflammable  liquid,  of  the 
specific  gravity  0.750.  It  has  a  peculiar  odor,  a  sweetish  taste,  is  slightly 
soluble  in  water,  and  dissolves  iodine,  iodoform,  sulphur,  oils,  fats,  resins, 
etc. 

Ether  is  a  diffusible  stimulant  suited  to  many  cases  of  exhaustion. 
Administered  by  inhalation,  it  induces  anaesthesia,  and  is  very  largely  em- 


34  MEDICAL    FOKMULAKY. 

ployed  in  this  manner,  being,  all  things  considered,  the  best  and  safest 
anaesthetic  yet  discovered.  It  is  also  employed  externally  to  produce  local 
anaesthesia. 

Dose  :  20  to  30  minims. 


PREPARATIONS, 
-ffither  Fortior  (U.  S.)— Stronger  Ether. 

Take  of  Ether 3  pints. 

Water 3  pints. 

Chloride  of  calcium 1  ounce. 

Lime , 1  ounce. 

"Shake  the  ether  and  water  together,  and  when  the  water  has  subsided 
decant  the  ether.  Shake  this  with  the  chloride  of  calcium  and  lime,  and 
after  twenty-four  hours  decant  the  ether  into  a  retort  and  distil  1^  pint. 
Its  specific  gravity  should  not  exceed  0.728. 

The  ethers  of  the  British  Pharmacopoeia  have  respectively  the  specific 
gravity  0.735  and  0.720,  the  latter  being  termed  pure  ether ;  of  the 
French  Codex,  0.723  and  0.720  ;  of  the  German  Pharmacopoeia,  only  one 
recognized,  0.728. 

Spiritus  -ffitheris  Compositus   (U.  S.) — Compound  Spirit  of  Ether — 

Hoffmann's  Anodyne. 

Take  of  Ether I  pint. 

Alcohol 1  pint. 

Ethereal  oil 6  drachms. 

Mix.  Dose  :  £  to  2  drachms.  Stimulant,  antispasmodic,  and  anodyne. 
Used  in  hysteria,  sleeplessness,  nervousness,  etc. 

SPIKIT  OF  ETHER  (Br.,  Fr.,  Ger.) — HOFFMANN'S  ANODYNE. 

Take  of  Ether 10  ounces. 

Kectified  spirit 20  ounces. 

Mix.  Dose  :  %  to  2  drachms.  Properties  and  uses  similar  to  those  of 
the  preceding  preparation. 

SYKUP  OF  ETHER  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Syrup 800  parts. 

Distilled  water 100  parts. 

Alcohol  (90^) 50  parts. 

Ether 50  parts. 

Mix  in  a  bottle  having  a  stop-cock  at  the  bottom,  shake  occasionally 
during  five  or  six  days,  then  draw  off  the  clear  syrup. 
Dose  :      to  1  ounce. 


SULPHURIC    ETHER NITROUS    ETHER.  35 

MIXTURES  OF  ETHER. 

Take  of  Spirit  of  ether ^  drachm. 

Aromatic  spirit  of  ammonia ^  drachm. 

Syrup  of  tolu I  drachm. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Middlesex  Hospital. 

Take  of  Ether $  drachm. 

Aminoniated  tincture  of  valerian ^  drachm. 

Infusion  of  quassia to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Royal  Chest  Hospital. 

Take  of  Spirit  of  ether 5  minims. 

Compound  tincture  of  camphor  (paregoric) ....   15  minims. 
Water to  %  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Samaritan  Hospital. 

Take  of  Spirit  of  ether 20  minims. 

Bicarbonate  of  sodium 10  grains. 

Peppermint  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  London  Chest  Hospital. 


AETHER  ACETICUS  (Br.,  Fr.,  Ger.) -ACETIC  ETHER. 

May  be  obtained  by  distilling  a  mixture  of  8  parts  of  dry  acetate  of 
sodium,  5  parts  of  rectified  spirit,  and  10  parts  of  sulphuric  acid ;  adding 
the  distilled  product  to  half  its  weight  of  chloride  of  calcium  in  a  stop- 
pered bottle  ;  letting  them  remain  together  for  twenty-four  hours,  and  then 
decanting  and  rectifying  the  ethereal  liquid. 

It  is  a  colorless  liquid,  with  an  agreeable  ethereal  odor.  Medicinal 
properties  similar  to  those  of  sulphuric  ether.  It  is,  however,  milder  and 
more  agreeable. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  minims. 


AETHER  JSTTROSUS— OTTEOUS  ETHER. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Spiritus  -ffitheris  Nitrosi  (U.  S.  et  al  Ph.)— Spirit  of  Nitrous  Ether- 
Sweet  Spirit  of  Nitre. 

Prepared  by  distilling  a  mixture  of  sulphuric  acid  and  alcohol,  with 
nitric  acid,  in  the  presence  of  copper. 

It  is  a  volatile,  inflammable  liquid,  of  a  pale  yellow  color,  a  fragrant, 
ethereal  odor,  and  a  sharp,  burning  taste.  Used  as  a  diaphoretic  and 


36  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

diuretic,  especially  with  children,  and  generally  in  combination  with  other, 
and  more  powerful  agents. 
Dose  :  £  to  2  drachms. 

MIXTURES  OF  NITROUS  ETHER. 

Take  of  Spirit  of  nitrous  ether 20  minims. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium 3  grains. 

Tincture  of  tolu 10  minims. 

Compound  infusion  of  gentian to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  King's  College  Hospital. 

Take  of  Spirit  of  nitrous  ether 1  drachm. 

Syrup  of  ipecac 2  drachms. 

Castor-oil 2  drachms. 

Syrup  of  tolu 7  drachms. 

Mix.     Dose :  1  drachm  every  two  to  four  hours,  for  infants  one  year 
old.     In  primary  bronchitis.  J.  Lewis  Smith. 


OLEUM  ^ETHEKEUM  (U.  S.)— ETHEREAL  OIL. 

Prepared  by  distilling  a  mixture  of  sulphuric  acid  and  alcohol,  at  a  tem- 
perature between  302°  and  315°. 

It  is  a  transparent,  nearly  colorless,  volatile  liquid,  of  a  peculiar  ethereal 
odor  and  taste,  and  of  the  specific  gravity  0.910.  Used  solely  in  the  prep- 
aration of  compound  spirit  of  ether. 


ALCOHOL  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— ALCOHOL— RECTIFIED 
SPIRIT  (Br.). 

Spirit  of  the  specific  gravity  0.835  U.  S.  ;  0.838  Br.  ;  0.830  to  0.834 
Ger.  ;  88  to  90  per  cent.  Fr. 

Alcohol  Fortius  (U.  S.)— Stronger  Alcohol. 

Spirit  of  the  specific  gravity  0.817. 

Alcohol  is  the  product  of  the  vinous  fermentation  of  saccharine  liquids, 
and  is  commercially  obtained  by  distillation  from  fermented  corn,  wheat, 
rye,  potatoes,  etc.  It  is  a  clear,  colorless,  volatile  and  inflammable  liquid, 
of  a  peculiar,  agreeable  odor,  and  a  very  pungent  taste. 

Alcohol  contains,  by  volume,  about  90  per  cent,  of  spirit ;  stronger 
alcohol,  about  95  per  cent.  Pure,  or  absolute  alcohol,  has  the  specific 
gravity  0.817.  These  different  grades  of  alcohol  are  obtained  from  the 
first  product  of  distillation,  by  various  processes  of  rectification  which  it  is 
unnecessary  to  describe  here. 


RECTIFIED    SPIRIT GARLIC.  37 

Alcohol  dissolves  bromine,  iodine,  phosphorus,  sulphur,  the  alkalies, 
most  of  the  alkaloids,  oils,  resins,  etc.,  and  hence  is  of  the  greatest  import- 
ance in  the  preparation  of  medicines.  Under  the  various  forms  of  brandy, 
whiskey,  ruin,  gin,  and  wine,  it  is  extensively  employed  as  a  diffusible 
stimulant. 

PREPARATION. 

Alcohol  Dilutum  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Diluted  Alcohol. 

Alcohol  mixed  with  an  equal  measure  of  distilled  water.  Its  specific 
gravity  is  0.941.  Used  in  preparations. 

Proof  spirit,  Br.  :  rectified  spirit,  5  pints ;  distilled  water,  3  pints. 
Diluted  alcohol,  Ger.  :  alcohol,  7  parts  ;  distilled  water,  3  parts.  Fr. :  alcohol 
of  60  per  cent. 

ALCOHOL  AMYLICUM— AMYLIC  ALCOHOL— FUSEL  OIL. 

A  peculiar  alcohol,  obtained  from  fermented  grain  or  potatoes,  by  con- 
tinuing the  process  of  distillation  after  the  ordinary  spirit  has  ceased  to 
conie  over.  It  is  an  oily,  colorless  liquid,  of  a  strong,  disagreeable  odor, 
an  acrid  taste,  and  has  the  specific  gravity  0.818. 

Amylic  alcohol  is  occasionally  used  in  small  doses,  as  a  nervous  stimu- 
lant, in  phthisis  and  in  the  nervous  affections  of  habitual  drunkards.  Phar- 
maceutically,  it  is  employed  in  preparing  valerianic  acid. 

Dose  :  2  to  8  minims. 


ALLIUM  (U.  S.,  Fr.)— GAELIC. 

The  bulb  of  Allium  sativum,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Liliacece),  a  small  perennial 
indigenous  to  Europe,  but  cultivated  in  all  parts  of  the  world.  It  has  a 
peculiar,  penetrating  odor,  and  a  bitter,  acrid  taste. 

Applied  locally,  garlic  irritates  and  reddens  the  skin  ;  taken  internally, 
it  acts  as  a  stimulant.  It  is  chiefly  employed  internally  in  catarrhal  affec- 
tions of  the  respiratory  organs,  and  externally  as  a  rubefacient  and  revul- 
sive. 

Dose  :  ^  to  2  drachms. 

Syrupus  Allii  (U.  S.)— Syrup  of  Garlic. 

Take  of  Garlic  sliced  and  bruised 6  ounces. 

Diluted  acetic  acid 1  pint. 

Sugar 24  ounces. 

Macerate  the  garlic  in  10  ounces  of  the  acid  for  four  days,  and  express. 
Mix  the  residue  with  the  remainder  of  the  acid,  and  express  until  suf- 
ficient additional  liquid  has  been  obtained  to  make  the  whole  measure  1 
pint.     Then  add  the  sugar. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 


38  MEDICAL  FORMULARY. 

ALOE— ALOES. 
ALOE  BAKBADENSIS  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— BAKBADOES  ALOES. 

ALOE  OAPENSIS  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— CAPE  ALOES. 
ALOE  SOCOTEINA  (U.  S.,  Br.)— SOCOTRINE  ALOES. 

The  inspissated  juice  of  Aloe  vulgaris,  Lamarck,  Aloe  spicata,  Thun- 
berg,  and  Aloe  Socotrina,  Lamarck,  respectively,  (Nat.  ord.,  Liliacece},  though 
other  species  also  contribute  to  the  production  of  Cape  and  Socotrine  aloes. 
The  first  named  is  produced  in  the  West  Indies,  the  second  is  received  from 
the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  and  the  third  from  the  island  of  Socotra,  off  the 
eastern  coast  of  Africa. 

Socotrine  aloes  is  most  commonly  employed  in  this  country.  It  is  in 
pieces  of  a  yellowish  or  reddish  color,  growing  darker  with  age,  breaking 
with  a  conchoidal  fracture,  and  of  a  lighter  color  inside.  Its  powder  is 
yellow,  and  its  taste  exceedingly  bitter  and  disagreeable. 

Aloes  is  a  purgative  whose  action  is  chiefly  on  the  large  intestine  ;  hence, 
it  is  contraindicated  in  inflammations  of  the  pelvic  viscera.  It  is  also  an 
emmenagogue,  because  of  its  effect  upon  the  lower  bowel,  and,  sympathet- 
ically, the  pelvic  organs  generally.  In  small  doses  it  is  believed  to  be 
tonic,  and  is  therefore  of  use  in  dyspepsia  attended  with  constipation, 
and  in  hemorrhoids  due  to  relaxation  of  the  veins  of  the  rectum. 

Dose  :  2  to  3  grains,  laxative  ;  10  to  20  grains,  purgative. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Aloe  Purificata  (U.  S.)— Purified  Aloes. 

Take  of  Socotrine  aloes 24  ounces. 

Stronger  alcohol 4  ounces. 

Melt  the  aloes  in  a  water-bath,  add  the  alcohol,  strain,  and  evaporate 
until  it  solidifies  and  becomes  brittle  on  cooling. 

Dose  :  2  to  3  grains,  laxative  ;  10  to  20  grains,  purgative. 

Pilulse  Aloes  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— Pills  of  Aloes. 

Take  of  Socotrine  aloes 48  grains. 

Soap 48  grains. 

Beat  them  into  a  mass  with  water,  and  divide  into  24  pills. 

Dose  :  1  to  5  pills,  or  more. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  :  Socotrine  aloes,  2  ounces  ;  hard  soap, 
1  ounce  ;  volatile  oil  of  nutmeg,  1  drachm  ;  confection  of  roses,  1  ounce,  and 
leaves  the  mass  undivided.  It  also  prepares  pills  of  Barbadoes  aloes  by 
the  same  formula,  substituting  oil  of  caraway  for  oil  of  nutmeg.  The 
French  Codex  employs  2  parts  of  Cape  aloes  with  1  part  of  confection  of 
roses. 


ALOES.  39 

Pilulae  Aloes  et  Asafcetidae  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Pills  of  Aloes  and  Asafetida. 

Take  of  Socotrine  aloes 32  grains. 

Asafetida. 32  grains. 

Soap 32  grains. 

Beat  them  into  a  mass  with  water,  and  divide  into  24  pills. 
Dose  :  2  to  5  pills. 

Pilulae  Aloes  et  Mastiches  (U.  S.)— Pills  of  Aloes  and  Mastic. 

Take  of  Socotrine  aloes 48  grains. 

Mastic 12  grains. 

Eed  rose 12  grains. 

Beat  them  into  a  mass  with  water,  and  divide  into  24  pills. 
Dose  :  1  to  3  pills. 

Pilulae  Aloes  et  Myrrhae  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Pills  of  Aloes  and  Myrrh. 

Take  of  Purified  aloes 48  grains. 

Myrrh 24  grains. 

Aromatic  powder 12  grains. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Beat  them  together  into  a  mass,  and  divide  into  24  pills. 
Dose  :  3  to  6  pills. 

Pulvis  Aloes  et  Canellse  (U.  S. ) — Powder  of  Aloes  and  Canella. 

Take  of  Socotrine  aloes 12  ounces. 

Canella 3  ounces. 

Rub  together  until  thoroughly  mixed. 
Dose  :  10  to  20  grains. 

Suppositoria  Aloes  (U.  S.) — Suppositories  of  Aloes. 

Take  of  Purified  aloes 60  grains. 

Oil  of  theobroma 300  grains. 

Mix  the  aloes  with  60  grains  of  the  oil ;  then,  having  melted  the  remain- 
der and  cooled  it  to  95°,  mix  all  together  and  pour  into  suitable  moulds, 
making  12  suppositories. 

Used  as  a  remedy  for  seat-worms.  A  decoction  of  aloes  in  milk  or 
water,  administered  by  enema,  answers  the  same  purpose. 

Tinctura  Aloes  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Tincture  of  Aloes. 

Take  of  Socotrine  aloes 1  ounce. 

Liquorice 3  ounces. 

Alcohol |-  pint. 

Distilled  water 1^-  pint. 

Macerate  seven  days,  and  filter  through  paper. 
Dose  :  1  to  8  drachms. 

The  French  and  German  preparations  contain  1  part  of  aloes  in  5  parts 
of  alcohol. 


40  MEDICAL   FORMULARY. 

Tinctura  Aloes  et  Myrrhae  (U.  S.) — Tincture  of  Aloes  and  Myrrh. 

Take  of  Socotrine  aloes 3  ounces. 

Myrrh 3  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 


Vinum  Aloes  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Wine  of  Aloes. 

Take  of  Socotrine  aloes 1  ounce. 

Ginger 60  grains. 

Cardamom 60  grains. 

Sherry  wine 1  pint. 

Macerate  for  seven  days,  with  occasional  agitation,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms,  stomachic  ;  1  to  2  ounces,  purgative. 

COMPOUND  DECOCTION  OF  ALOES  (Br.). 

Take  of  Socotrine  aloes 2  drachms. 

Myrrh 1£  drachm. 

Saffron 1£  drachm. 

Carbonate  of  potassium 1  drachm. 

Extract  of  liquorice 1  ounce. 

Compound  tincture  of  cardamoms 8  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Put  the  extract  of  aloes  and  myrrh  with  the  carbonate  of  potassium  and 
extract  of  liquorice  in  a  covered  vessel  with  20  ounces  of  distilled  water ; 
boil  five  minutes,  then  add  the  saffron,  cool,  add  the  tincture  of  cardamoms, 
cover  closely,  and  macerate  two  hours  ;  finally,  strain,  pouring  on  the 
strainer  enough  distilled  water  to  make  the  product  measure  30  ounces. 

Dose  :  -J  to  2  ounces. 

EXTKACT  OF  ALOES  (Br.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Socotrine  (or  Barbadoes)  aloes 1  pound. 

Boiling  distilled  water 1  gallon. 

Stir  well  together,  and  after  twelve  hours  pour  off  the  clear  liquid, 
strain  the  remainder,  and  evaporate  the  mixed  liquids  to  dryness. 
Dose  :  2  to  6  grains. 

VlTRIOLATED    ExTEACT    OF   AiOES  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Extract  of  aloes 8  parts. 

Distilled  water 32  parts. 

Sulphuric  acid 1  part. 

Mix  the  extract  with  the  water,  add  the  acid,  drop  by  drop,  then  evap- 
orate to  dryness. 


ALOES.  41 

PILL  OF  ALOES  AND  IRON  (Br.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron 1£  ounce. 

Barbadoes  aloes 2  ounces. 

Compound  powder  of  cinnamon 3  ounces. 

Confection  of  roses 4  ounces. 

Rub  the  first  three  ingredients  together,  then  add  the  confection  grad- 
ually and  make  a  uniform  mass. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 

The  German  Pharmacopeia  directs  :  dried  sulphate  of  iron,  aloes,  each 
equal  parts,  beat  into  a  mass  with  alcohol,  and  divide  into  pills  of  1J  grain 
each. 

COMPOUND  TINCTURE  OF  ALOES  (Ger.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Aloes 9  parts. 

Gentian 1  part. 

Rhubarb 1  part. 

Zedoary 1  part. 

Saffron 1  part. 

Larch  agaric 1  part. 

Diluted  alcohol 200  parts. 

Prepare  the  tincture  by  digestion. 

Dose  :  ^  to  1  drachm.  A  substitute  for  the  Elixir  of  Life,  much  used 
in  Europe.  The  French  preparation  is  very  similar. 

COMPOUND  MIXTURE  OF  ALOES. 

Take  of  Socotrine  aloes 1  ounce. 

Bicarbonate  of  sodium 1^  ounce. 

Glycerin 2  ouncea 

Compound  spirit  of  lavender 2  ounces. 

Oil  of  peppermint 25  minims. 

Water 1  pint. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms,  stomachic  and  tonic  ;  j-  to  1  ounce  pur- 
gative. Hospital  formulary. 

COMPOUND  PELLS  OF  ALOES. 

Take  of  Aloes 1  ounce. 

Extract  of  gentian \  ounce. 

Oil  of  caraway 40  minims. 

Sugar  of  milk sufficient 

Mix  and  divide  into  145  pills.  Hospital  Formulary. 

PILLS  OF  ALOES  AND  Ox-BiLE. 

Take  of  Extract  of  aloes 30  grains. 

Purified  ox-bile 20  grains. 

Resin  of  podophyllum 2^  grains. 

Mix  and  divide  into  10  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  at  night  in  chronic  constipation  ;  1  pill  night  and  morning 
in  acute  constipation.  Hospital  Formulary. 


42  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

PILLS  OF  ALOES  AND  SAVIN. 

Take  of  Socotrine  aloes 30  grains. 

Myrrh 30  grains. 

Extract  of  savin 30  grains. 

Mix  and  divide  into  30  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  three  times  a  day.     In  ordinary  cases  of  dysmenorrhcea. 

Hospital  for  Ruptured  and  Crippled. 

PILLS  OF  ALOES  AND  HYOSCYAMUS. 

Take  of  Socotrine  aloes 20  grains. 

Extract  of  hyoscyanms 30  grains. 

'  Ipecac 5  grains. 

Soap 20  grains. 

Mix  and  divide  into  20  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  morning  and  night.     In  hemorrhoids.     Fordyce  Barker. 

PELLS  OF  ALOES  AND  OPIUM. 

Take  of  Socotrine  aloes 10  grains. 

Sulphate  of  iron 20  grains. 

Extract  of  opium 10  grains. 

Soap 10  grains. 

Mix  and  divide  into  20  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill   morning  and  night.      In  hemorrhoids  associated  with 
looseness  of  the  bowels.  Fordyce  Barker. 

PILL  OF  ALOES  AND  BELLADONNA. 

Take  of  Socotrine  aloes 1|  grain. 

Extract  of  belladonna J  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

Take  of  Extract  of  aloes * 1  grain. 

Extract  of  belladonna -J  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  St.  Mary's  Hospital. 

PELL  OF  ALOES  AND  IPECACUANHA. 

Take  of  Extract  of  Socotrine  aloes 1  grain. 

Ipecacuanha •£  grain. 

Extract  of  gentian 1£  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

PILL  OF  ALOES  AND  Nux  VOMICA. 

Take  of  Extract  of  aloes 1  grain. 

Extract  of  nux  vomica £  grain. 

Myrrh 2  grains. 

Soap sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Chest  Hospital. 


ALOES MARSHMALLOW.  48 

Take  of  Extract  of  Socotrine  aloes 1  grain. 

Extract  of  nux  vomica £  grain. 

Extract  of  henbane 1  grain. 

Soap 1^  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  St.  Thomas's  Hospital 

Take  of  Extract  of  aloes 1£  grain. 

Extract  of  nux  vomica ^  grain. 

Extract  of  belladonna ^  grain. 

Powdered  liquorice 2  grains. 

Glycerin  of  tragacanth sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  University  College  Hospital. 


ALTELEA  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— MAES TIM  ALLOW. 

The  root  of  Althaea  officinalis,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Malvaceae),  an  herbaceous 
perennial  indigenous  to  Europe,  but  naturalized  in  a  few  places  along  the 
coast  of  New  England,  New  York,  and  New  Jersey. 

Marshmallow  root  abounds  in  mucilage  and  starch,  which  it  yields  to 
boiling  water.  It  is  employed  internally  as  a  demulcent,  and  externally 
as  an  emollient. 

PREPARATIONS. 

SYRUP  OF  MARSHMALLOW  (FR.). 

Take  of  Marshmallow  root 1  part. 

Water 6  parts. 

Syrup 30  parts. 

Macerate  the  root  in  the  water  for  twelve  hours,  strain  without  expres- 
sion, add  the  syrup,  and  evaporate  to  the  specific  gravity  1.260. 

TROCHES  OF  MARSHMALLOW  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Marshmallow  root   10  parts. 

White  sugar 100  parts. 

Tragacanth 1  part. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil  the  root  in  4  times  its  weight  of  water,  strain,  and  evaporate  to  a 
proper  consistence  ;  add  the  tragacanth,  then  the  sugar,  and  form  into 
troches  of  15  grains  each. 

DECOCTION  OF  M!\RSHMALLOW. 

Take  of  Marshmallow  root 4  ounces. 

Eaisins,  stoned 2  ounces. 

Boiling  water 5  pints. 

Boil  down  to  3  pints  and  strain.  Edinburgh  Pharmacopoeia. 

Used  freely  as  a  demulcent  drink  in  febrile  and  inflammatory  affec- 
tions. 


44  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


ALUMEN  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— ALUM. 

Two  compound  sulphates  are  known  as  alums,  the  sulphate  of  alumin- 
ium and  ammonium,  and  the  sulphate  of  aluminium  and  potassium.  The 
former  is  the  Alumen  of  the  United  States  and  British  Pharmacopoeias,  while 
the  latter  has  the  title  of  Aluminii  et  Potassii  Sulphas.  The  latter  is,  however, 
the  only  one  generally  found  in  market,  and  possesses  all  the  medicinal 
virtues  of  the  other,  and  is  the  officinal  alum  of  the  French  Codex  and  Ger- 
man Pharmacopoeia.  Alurn  acts  as  a  powerful  astringent  upon  all  organic 
fibres,  and  hence,  when  locally  applied,  has  a  wide  range  of  usefulness  in 
hemorrhages  and  catarrhal  affections.  In  large  doses,  it  is  a  prompt  and 
efficient  emetic,  and  is  one  of  the  best  to  employ  when  it  is  desired  merely 
to  empty  the  stomach,  without  producing  subsequent  nausea  and  prostra- 
tion, as  in  narcotic  poisoning,  and  especially  in  croup.  In  smaller  doses, 
it  is  used  with  much  success  in  the  treatment  of  whooping-cough,  espe- 
cially when  attended  with  bronchitis.  It  moderates  the  cough  to  some 
extent,  doubtless  from  its  astringent  effect  upon  the  bronchial  mucous 
membrane  ;  but  it  has  a  further  beneficial  effect  which  cannot  be  so  easily 
explained. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Alumen  Exsiccatum  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Dried  Alum. 

Take  of  Alum 4  ounces. 

Subject  it  to  a  temperature  not  exceeding  400°  until  the  residue  weighs 
2  ounces  and  120  grains.  Dried  alum  is  astringent  and  mildly  escharotic. 
Used  to  repress  fungous  granulations. 

COLLYRIUM    OF   ALUM. 

Take  of  Alum 5  grains. 

Rose-water 1  ounce. 

Dissolve.     Used  in  catarrhal  ophthalmia. 

COLLYRZUM    OF    ALUM    AND    BELLADONNA. 

Take  of  Alum 4  grains. 

Extract  of  belladonna 7^  grains. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.  Middlesex  Hospital. 

ELECTUARY  OF  ALUM. 

Take  of  Alum 2  drachms. 

Molasses  or  syrup 1  ounce. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms  every  ten  minutes.  An  excellent  emetic 
in  spasmodic  croup. 


ALUM.  45 

GARGLES  OF  ALUM. 

Take  of  Alum   9 8  grains. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Dissolve.     Mildly  astringent.  London  Throat  Hospital. 

Take  of  Alum 1  drachm. 

Tannic  acid 1  drachm. 

Water 10  ounces. 

Mix.     Astringent.  G.  M.  Lefferts. 

INHALATION  OF  ALUM. 

Take  of  Alum 8  grains. 

Distilled  water 1  ounce. 

Dissolve.     Used  by  means  of  an  atomizer.      London  Throat  Hospital. 

INJECTION  OF  ALUM. 

Take  of  Alum 12  to  30  grains. 

Water 4  ounces. 

Dissolve.     Used  in  gonorrhoea.  Bumstead. 

Take  of  Alum 2  drachms. 

Water 20  ounces. 

Dissolve.  Women's  Hospital,  London. 

Take  of  Alum 1  drachm. 

Sulphate  of  zinc 4-  drachm. 

Borax 4  grains. 

Rose-water 8  ounces. 

Mix.     Use  in  chronic  gonorrhoea  and  leucorrhoea.  Bartholow. 

LOTION  OF  ALUM. 

Take  of  Alum 20  grains. 

Sulphate  of  zinc 10  grains. 

Glycerin 1  drachm. 

Rose-water 4  ounces. 

Mix.     Used  in  erythema,  intertrigo,  and  eczema.  Tilbury  Fox. 

MIXTURES  OF  ALUM. 

Take  of  Alum 50  grains. 

Syrup  of  ginger 1  ounce. 

Syrup  of  gum  arabic 1  ounce. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose :  1  drachm  every  four  or  six  hours.     In  whooping-cough. 

Meigs  and  Pepper. 


46  MEDICAL    FORMULAKY. 

Take  of  Alum 8  grains. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid 10  minims. 

Tincture  of  hops 20  minims. 

Infusion  of  roses 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Guy's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Alum 8  grains. 

Compound  tincture  of  camphor  (paregoric)  ...     20  minims. 

Camphor-water 4  drachms. 

Wine  of  ipecac 15  minims. 

Dill- water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  to  1£  ounce.  Guy's  Hospital. 

PILLS  OF  ALUM. 

Take  of  Alum 2  drachms. 

Extract  of  gentian ^  drachm. 

Mix  and  divide  into  30  pills. 

Dose  :  2  pills  three  times  a  day.     In  gastric  catarrh.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Alum 1  drachm. 

Extract  of  opium 10  grains. 

Catechu 1  drachm. 

Mix  and  divide  into  20  pills. 

Dose :  2  pills  every  two,  three,  or  four  hours.     In  chronic  diarrhoea 
and  chronic  dysentery.  Bartholow. 

POWDERS  OF  ALUM. 

Take  of  Alum 3  grains. 

Starch £  grain. 

Mix.     Use  by  insufflation.     A  mild  astringent  in  chronic  tracheitis. 

London  Throat  Hospital. 

Take  of  Alum 1  part. 

Subnitrate  of  bismuth 1  part. 

Mix.     Use  by  insufflation  into  the  ear.     Astringent. 

London  Throat  Hospital. 

Take  of  Dried  alum 1  part. 

Powdered  yolk  of  egg 1  part. 

Mix.     A  topical  application  in  aphthous  stomatitis.         V.  P.  Gibney. 


AMMONIA. 

A  gas  which  is  generated  during  the  decay  of  many  organic  substances, 
but  obtained  for  use  in  medicine  and  the  arts,  by  heating  a  mixture  of 
chloride  of  ammonium  and  lime  in  the  presence  of  water.  It  has  a  pun- 
gent, suffocating  odor,  and  is  freely  soluble  in  water. 


AMMONIA.  47 

PREPARATIONS. 

Aqua  Ammoniae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Water  of  Ammonia — Solution  of 

Ammonia. 

Take  of  Chloride  of  ammonium 12  ounces. 

Lime 12  ounces. 

Water 6  pints. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Mix  the  lime  with  the  water,  stir  well,  decant  the  milky  liquid  into  a 
retort,  and  add  the  chloride  of  ammonium.  Then  apply  heat,  and  by 
means  of  proper  apparatus,  pass  the  gas  which  generates  into  a  bottle  con- 
taining the  distilled  water,  kept  ice-cold.  Lastly,  add  sufficient  distilled 
water  to  raise  the  specific  gravity  of  the  liquid  to  0.960.  Keep  in  small 
bottles,  well-stopped. 

It  is  a  transparent,  colorless  liquid,  having  a  very  pungent  odor,  and  a 
strongly  alkaline  taste.  It  is  a  powerful  diffusible  stimulant,  and  is  used 
in  low  typhoid  conditions.  Applied  externally,  it  acts  as  a  rubefacient  and 
vesicant. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  minims,  diluted  with  water. 

Aqua  Ammoniae  Fortior  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Stronger  Water  of  Ammonia. 

An  aqueous  solution  of  ammonia,  of  the  specific  gravity  0.900.  Used 
externally,  and  in  preparations. 

The  British  preparation  has  the  specific  gravity  0.891. 

Liniment  urn  Ammoniae  (U.  S.  et  aL  Ph.) — Liniment  of  Ammonia. 

Take  of  WTater  of  ammonia 1  ounce. 

Olive  oil  (by  weight) 2  ounces. 

Mix. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  the  proportion  of  1  to  3  ;  the  French 
Codex,  l.to  9 ;  the  German  Pharmacopoeia,  1  to  4. 

Spiritus  Ammoniae  (U.  S.,  Ger.) — Spirit  of  Ammonia. 

Take  of  Chloride  of  ammonium 12  ounces. 

Lime ; 12  ounces. 

Water 6  pints. 

Alcohol 20  ounces. 

Proceed  as  in  the  preparation  of  water  of  ammonia,  passing  the  gas 
into  the  alcohol.  Its  properties  are  similar  to  those  of  water  of  ammonia, 
and  it  is  used  in  like  manner. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  minims,  diluted  with  water. 


48  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Spiritus  Ammonias  Aromaticus  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Aromatic  Spirit  of  Am- 
monia. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  ammonium 1  ounce. 

Water  of  ammonia 3  ounces. 

Oil  of  lemon 2£  drachms. 

Oil  of  nutmeg 40  minims. 

Oil  of  lavender 15  minims. 

Alcohol 1|-  pint. 

Water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  carbonate  in  the  water  of  ammonia,  previously  mixed  with 
4  ounces  of  water.  Dissolve  the  oils  in  the  alcohol,  mix  the  solutions,  and 
add  sufficient  water  to  make  the  whole  measure  2  pints. 

Dose :  £  to  1  drachm,  diluted  with  water.  Often  used  as  an  antacid 
and  stimulant  in  nervous  and  sick  headache. 

The  British  preparation,  made  by  distillation,  is  very  similar. 

ANISATED  SPIRIT  OF  AMMONIA  (Ger.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Oil  of  Anise 1  part. 

Alcohol 24  parts. 

Water  of  ammonia 5  parts. 

Dissolve  the  oil  in  the  alcohol,  and  mix  with  the  water  of  ammonia. 
The  proportions  of  the  French  preparation  are  1,  32,  8. 

FETID  SPIRIT  OF  AMMONIA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Asafetida 1^  ounce. 

Strong  solution  of  ammonia 2  ounces. 

Rectified  spirit „ sufficient. 

Macerate  the  asafetida  in  15  ounces  of  the  spirit  for  twenty-four  hours, 
distil  off  the  spirit,  mix  the  product  with  the  solution  of  ammonia,  and  add 
sufficient  rectified  spirit  to  make  20  ounces. 

Dose  :  £  to  1  drachm. 

INHALATION  OF  AMMONIA. 

Take  of  Solution  of  ammonia 4  drachms. 

Water 4  drachms. 

Mix.  One  drachm  in  a  pint  of  water  at  80°  for  each  inhalation.  Stim- 
ulant ;  useful  in  chronic  laryngitis  and  functional  aphonia. 

The  strong  salts  of  ammonia  are  very  useful  in  cases  of  obstinate 
sneezing,  influenza,  etc.  The  patient  should  smell  the  salts  directly  a  dis- 
position to  sneeze  is  felt.  London  Throat  Hospital 


AMMONIA ACETATE    OF    AMMONIUM.  49 

LOTION  OF  AMMONIA. 

Take  of  Aromatic  spirit  of  ammonia 1  part. 

Water 3  parts. 

Mix.     Shampoo  for  the  scalp.  G.  H.  FOJ-. 

\ 

MIXTURES  OF  AMMONIA. 

Take  of  Aromatic  spirit  of  ammonia 20  mini  ins. 

Spirit  of  ether 20  minims. 

Camphor  water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  London  Hospital. 

Take  of  Aromatic  spirit  of  ammonia 20  minims. 

Spirit  of  chloroform 20  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Samaritan  Hospital. 

Take  of  Aromatic  spirit  of  ammonia 2  drachma 

Spirit  of  chloroform 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  camphor 2  drachms. 

Deodorized  tincture  of  opium 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  capsicum 1  drachm. 

Mix.     Dose  :  20  to  30  minims,  in  a  wineglass  of  water.     A  stimulating 
and  anodyne  diarrhoea  mixture.  A.  A.  Smith. 


AMMOXII  ACETAS— ACETATE  OF  AMMONIUM. 

Acetate  of  ammonium  is  used  only  in  the  following  preparation  : 

Liquor  Ammonii  Acetatis  (U.  S.  et  aL  Ph.) — Solution  of  Acetate  of 
Ammonium — Spirit  of  Mindererus. 

Take  of  Diluted  acetic  acid 2  pints. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium sufficient. 

Add  the  carbonate  gradually  to  the  acid  until  the  latter  is  neutralized, 
and  filter.     It  should  be  freshly  made  when  dispensed. 

It  may  also  be  made  by  mixing  the  following  solutions  : 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  ammonium 640  grains. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Dissolve,  filter,  and  add  sufficient  distilled  water  to  make  1  pint. 

Take  of  Acetic  acid 4  ounces. 

Distilled  water 12  ounces. 

Mix.     These  solutions  may  be  mixed    in  equal  quantities  when  dis- 
pensed. 

4 


50  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium  is  a  colorless  liquid,  of  an  acetous 
odor  and  a  saline  taste.  It  is  a  very  valuable  diaphoretic,  diuretic,  and  re- 
frigerant. Used  in  acute  inflammatory  and  febrile  affections. 

Dose  :  1  to  8  drachms. 

MIXTURES  OF  ACETATE  OF  AMMONIUM. 

Take  of  Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium 4  drachms. 

Spirit  of  nitrous  ether ^  drachm. 

Camphor  water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Royal  Chest  Hospital. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  aconite  root 16  minims. 

Acetate  of  morphia 2  grains. 

Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium 4  ounces. 

Mix.  Dose  :  2  drachms.  In  the  early  stages  of  inflammatory  affec- 
tions, as  pneumonia,  pleurisy,  etc. 

Take  of  Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium ^  ounce. 

Syrup  of  ipecacuanha 1  drachm. 

Solution  of  sulphate  of  morphia  (U.  S.  Ph.)  ...  40  drops. 

Syrup  of  gum  arabic 1  ounce. 

Water 1^  ounce. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  drachm  for  a  child  two  years  old,  every  two  hours,  in 
bronchitis.  Meigs  and  Pepper. 

Take  of  Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium 1^  ounce. 

Bromide  of  ammonium 1  drachm. 

Syrup  of  ipecacuanha 3  drachms. 

Spirit  of  nitrous  ether 3  drachms. 

Syrup  of  tolu. to  3  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  every  two  or  three  hours,  in  bronchitis. 

Take  of  Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium 2|-  drachms. 

Tincture  of  perchloride  of  iron 10  minims. 

Diluted  acetic  acid \  drachm. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Middlesex  Hospital. 


AMMOOTI  BENZOAS    (U.   S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— BENZOATE  OF  AM- 
MONIUM. 

Take  of  Benzoic  acid 2  ounces. 

Water  of  ammonia 3£  ounces,  or  sufficient. 

Distilled  water 4  ounces. 

Dissolve  the  acid  in  the  water  of  ammonia  previously  mixed  with  the 
distilled  water,  evaporate  with  a  gentle  heat,  adding  water  of  ammonia,  if 


BROMIDE    OF    AMMONIUM.  51 

necessary,  to  keep  the  liquid  alkaline  ;  then  set  aside  to  crystallize.  Dry 
the  crystals  without  heat. 

It  is  in  minute  white  crystals,  having  a  slight  odor  of  benzoic  acid,  a 
bitterish,  saline  taste,  soluble  in  water  and  alcohol.  Its  medicinal  effects 
are  similar  to  those  of  benzoic  acid,  than  which,  however,  it  is  much  more 
soluble,  and  less  irritating  to  the  stomach. 

Dose  :  10  to  20  grains. 


AMMOXII  BROMIDUM  (U.  S.,   Br.)— BEOMIDE   OF   AMMO- 
NIUM. 

Take  of  Bromine 2  ounces. 

Iron  wine 1  ounce. 

Water  of  ammonia 4^  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Add  the  iron,  and  then  the  bromine,  to  £  pint  of  water  in  a  flask,  loosely 
cork  the  flask,  and  agitate  until  the  odor  of  bromine  can  no  longer  be  per- 
ceived. Then  add  the  water  of  ammonia,  previously  mixed  with  ^  pint  of 
distilled  water,  heat  gently  for  half  an  hour,  and  filter,  washing  the  filter 
with  boiling  distilled  water.  Lastly,  evaporate  in  a  capsule  until  a  pelh'cle 
forms,  then  stir  until  it  granulates. 

It  is  a  white,  granular  salt,  becoming  yellow  on  exposure,  of  a  sharp, 
saline  taste,  and  freely  soluble  in  water. 

Its  medicinal  properties  are  similar  to  those  of  bromide  of  potassium, 
though  it  is  probably  more  active.  Used  in  a  great  variety  of  nervous  dis- 
eases, including  epilepsy,  whooping-cough,  infantile  convulsion^,  etc. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  grains. 

MIXTURES  OF  BROMIDE  OF  AMMONIUM. 

Take  of  Bromide  of  ammonium ^  ounce. 

Syrup  of  ginger 1  ounce. 

Water 2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm. 

Take  of  Bromide  of  ammonium 2  drachms. 

Bromide  of  potassium \  ounce. 

Syrup  of  ginger 1  ounce. 

Water 2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm. 


52  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


AMMONII   CARBONAS   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CARBONATE   OF 

AMMONIUM. 

Prepared  by  heating  a  mixture  of  chloride  of  ammonium  and  chalk  in 
a  retort,  and  passing  the  vapors  into  a  large  chamber,  where  they  condense. 

It  occurs  in  white,  translucent,  crystalline  masses,  having  a  strong  odor 
of  ammonia.  Exposed  to  the  air  it  is  converted  into  bicarbonate  of  am- 
monium, and  falls  into  a  dry  powder. 

It  is  a  powerful,  diffusible  stimulant.  Used  in  low  fevers,  and  diseases 
of  a  marked  asthenic  character,  as  typhus,  typhoid,  and  scarlet  fevers, 
typhoid  pneumonia,  etc. 

Dose  :  3  to  10  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

SOLUTION  OF  CARBONATE  OF  AMMONIUM  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  ammonium 1  part. 

Distilled  water 5  parts. 

Dissolve. 

MIXTURES  OF  CARBONATE  OF  AMMONIUM. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  ammonium. 5  grains. 

Spirit  of  chloroform 20  minims. 

Mucilage > 2  drachms. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Royal  Chest  Hospital. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  ammonium 5  grains. 

Compound  tincture  of  gentian 20  minims. 

Decoction  of  cinchona 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Royal  Free  Hospital. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  ammonium 1 J  drachm. 

White  sugar 1^  drachm. 

Gum  arabic 1^  drachm. 

Compound  spirit  of  lavender 2  drachms. 

Mint  water 4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  4-  ounce.  Ellis. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  ammonium 16  grains. 

Fluid  extract  of  squill 2  drachms. 

Fluid  extract  of  seneka 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  tolu 2  drachms. 

Water |  ounce. 

Syrup to  2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose :  1  drachm.     Expectorant.  Hospital  Formulary. 


CHLORIDE    OF    AMMONIUM  -  MURIATE    OF    AMMONIA.  53 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  ammonium  ...................     8  grains. 

Syrup  of  tolu  .......  ......................     -J-  ounce. 

Water  .....................  .  .............   l    ounce. 


Dose  :  1  drachm  every  two  or  three  hours,  for  an  infant  of  three 
months.     In  bronchitis.  J.  Leivis  Smith. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  ammonium  ...................     ^  drachm. 

Citrate  of  iron  and  ammonium  ..............     £  drachm. 

Syrup  .....  .  .............................     4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms  every  second  or  third  hour.     In  the  de- 
clining stage  of  scarlatina.  J.  Lewis  Smith. 


AMMONII   CHLOEIDUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CHLORIDE  OF 
AMMONIUM— MURIATE   OF  AMMONIA. 

Obtained  from  the  gas-liquor  of  gas-works.  It  is  in  translucent  masses, 
entirely  volatilized  by  heat,  of  a  very  sharp,  saline  taste,  and  freely  soluble 
in  water. 

It  is  an  alterative  whose  effects  are  exerted  chiefly  upon  the  mucous 
surfaces.  Used  mainly  in  catarrhal  affections,  as  bronchitis,  laryngitis,  etc., 
though  it  is  occasionally  employed  in  rheumatism  and  neuralgia.  Exter- 
nally, lotions  of  chloride  of  ammonium  are  used  in  sprains,  bruises,  etc. 

Dose  :  5  to  30  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Ammonii  Chloridum  Purificatum  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Purified  Chloride  of 

Ammonium. 

Take  of  Chloride  of  ammonium 20  ounces. 

Water  of  ammonia 5  drachms. 

Water 2  pints. 

Dissolve  the  chloride  in  the  water,  in  a  porcelain  dish,  with  the  aid  of 
heat ;  add  the  water  of  ammonia,  filter,  and  evaporate  to  dryness,  stirring 
so  as  tfe  produce  a  granular  salt. 

Dose  :  5  to  30  grains. 

LOTIONS  OF  CHLORIDE  OF  AMMONIUM. 

Take  of  Chloride  of  ammonium 30  grains. 

Alcohol 1  drachm. 

Distilled  vinegar 1  drachm. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix,  St.  George's  Hospital. 


54  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Take  of  Chloride  of  ammonium 6  grains. 

Alum 6  grains. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Dissolve.  For  aural  use.  Should  be  introduced  into  the  ear  at  about 
100°.  London  Throat  Hospital. 

MIXTURES  OF  CHLORIDE  OF  AMMONIUM. 

Take  of  Chloride  of  ammonium 1  ounce. 

•      Wild-cherry  bark 2  ounces. 

Water 1  pint. 

Make  a  cold  infusion. 

Dose  :  ^  ounce  every  hour.  May  be  used  in  certain  forms  of  fibroid 
phthisis.  Liquorice  root  may  be  added  to  improve  the  taste  of  the  mixture. 

J.  R.  Learning. 

Take  of  Chloride  of  ammonium 2  drachms. 

Chlorate  of  potassium 1  drachm. 

Cinnamon  (or  camphor)  water 3  ounces. 

Syrup  of  seneka -J  ounce. 

Spirit  of  nitrous  ether ^  ounce. 

Extract  of  liquorice 1 J  drachm. 

Mix..  Dose  :  %  ounce  every  two  hours.  May  be  used  in  different  forms 
of  sore  throat,  simple,  croupal,  or  diphtheritic.  Tartar  emetic,  belladonna, 
aconite,  or  tincture  of  iron,  may  be  added,  according  to  indications. 

J.  R.  Learning. 

Take  of  Chloride  of  ammonium %  ounce. 

Nitrate  of  potassium ^  ounce. 

Seneka  root J  ounce. 

Liquorice  root e 1  ounce. 

Water 1  pint. 

Infuse.  Dose  :  ^  ounce  every  half-hour.  Useful  in  aborting  an  influenza 
or  cold,  if  taken  early.  This  combination  of  drugs,  mixed  and  powdered, 
has  for  years  been  known  as  "  White's  red  salts,"  in  the  vicinity  of  Hudson, 
N.  Y.  J.  E. 


Take  of  Chloride  of  ammonium 2  drachms. 

Camphorated  tincture  of  opium -J  ounce. 

Syrup  of  ipecacuanha \  ounce. 

Spirit  of  nitrous  ether  . , \  ounce. 

Syrup  of  tolu 1^  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms  every  three  hours. 

Take  of  Chloride  of  ammonium 2  drachms. 

Brown  mixture 3  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 


IODIDE    OF    AMMONIUM.  55 

Take  of  Chloride  of  ammonium 1  drachm. 

Bromide  of  ammonium 1  drachm. 

Spirit  of  nitrous  ether ^  ounce. 

Syrup  of  wild  cherry 2^-  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm. 

Take  of  Chloride  of  ammonium 1  drachm. 

Tincture  of  cubeb |  ounce. 

Compound  tincture  of  gentian ^  ounce. 

Glycerin to  4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  in  |  ounce  of  water  every  two  hours.     In  follic- 
ular  pharyngitis  with  gastric  dyspepsia.  A.  A.  Smith. 

Take  of  Chloride  of  ammonium 10  grains. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium 5  grains. 

Camphor  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Royal  Chest  Hospital. 

Take  of  Chloride  of  ammonium 1  ounce. 

Fluid  extract  of  cimicifuga 2  ounces. 

Syrup 1  ounce. 

Cherry-laurel  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  three  or  four  times  a  day.     In  muscular  rheu- 
matism. Bartholow. 

PASTILLES  OF  CHLORIDE  OF  AMMONIUM. 

Take  of  Chloride  of  ammonium  . , 1  or  2  grains. 

Chlorate  of  potassium 1  grain. 

Seneka  root 1  grain. 

Extract  of  liquorice 1  grain. 

Cubeb 1  grain. 

Sugar sufficient. 

Gum  arabic sufficient. 

Make  one  pastille.     Used   in  hoarseness  and  slight  irritation  of  the 
throat.  J.  R.  Learning. 


AMMOOTI  IODIDUM  (U.  S.)— IODIDE  OF  AMMONIUM. 

Take  of  Iodide  of  potassium 4  ounces. 

Sulphate  of  ammonium 1  ounce. 

Boiling  distilled  water 2  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  the  salts,  add  to  the  boiling  water,  cool,  add  1  ounce  of  alcohol, 
and  reduce  the  temperature  to  about  40°.  Then  throw  the  mixture  into 
a  cooled  glass  funnel,  stopped  with  moistened  cotton,  wash  with  1  ounce 


56  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

of  a  mixture  of  2  parts  of  water  and  1  part  of  alcohol,  and  evaporate  the 
solution  rapidly  to  dryness. 

It  is  a  white,  granular,  very  deliquescent  salt.  Occasionally  used,  both 
externally  and  internally,  as  a  substitute  for  iodide  of  potassium  in  syphilis, 
cutaneous  affections,  enlarged  glands,  etc. 

Dose :  3  to  10  grains. 


AMMONII  NITKAS  (U.  S.)— NITRATE  OF  AMMONIUM. 

Prepared  by  neutralizing  nitric  acid  with  ammonia  or  carbonate  of  am- 
monium, evaporating  and  crystallizing. 

It  is  a  white,  crystalline,  deliquescent  salt.  Used  in  preparing  nitrous 
oxide  gas. 


AMMONII  SULPHAS  (U.  S.)— SULPHATE  OF  AMMONIUM. 

A  colorless,  crystalline  salt,  obtained  by  neutralizing  coal-gas   liquor 
with  sulphuric  acid.     Used  in  preparations. 


AMMONII   VALEE1ANAS   (U.  S.,  Fr.)— YALERIANATE    OF 

AMMONIUM. 

Take  of  Valerianic  acid 4  ounces. 

Chloride  of  ammonium sufficient. 

Lime sufficient. 

From  the  chloride  of  ammonium  and  lime  obtain  gaseous  ammonia,  <is 
in  preparing  water  of  ammonia,  and  pass  it  into  the  acid  until  the  latter  is 
neutralized.  Then  set  the  solution  aside  to  crystallize;  and  lastly,  dry  the 
crystals  on  bibulous  paper. 

It  is  a  white  salt,  having  the  odor  of  valerianic  acid,  a  sharp,  sweetish 
taste,  and  is  very  soluble  in  water  and  alcohol.  Used  as  an  aiitispasmodic 
and  nervous  stimulant,  in  hysteria,  nervous  headache,  etc. 

Dose  :  2  to  8  grains.     It  may  be  administered  in  simple  elixir,  or  in 
aqueous  solution,  with  the  addition  of  any  aromatic  tincture  as  a  flavoring* 
agent. 


AMMONIACUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— AMMONIAC. 

A  gum-resin  obtained  from  Dorema  ammoniacum,  Don.  (Nat.  ord.t  Um- 
belliferce],  an  herbaceous  perennial  indigenous  to  Persia. 

It  occurs  in  roundish  grains  or  tears,  from  the  size  of  a  pea  to  that  of  a 


AMMONIAC.  57 

cherry,  of  a  pale,  creamy  color  externally,  and  white  within,  growing 
darker  with  age.  It  has  a  peculiar,  characteristic  odor,  and  a  bitter,  acrid 
taste. 

Ammoniac  is  used  internally  as  an  antispasmodic  and  expectorant ;  ex- 
ternally, in  the  form  of  a  plaster,  as  a  discutient. 

Dose  :  6  to  12  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Emplastrum  Ammoniac!  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Ammoniac  Plaster. 

Take  of  Ammoniac  . . . , 5  ounces. 

Diluted  acetic  acid ^  pint. 

Dissolve  the  ammoniac  in  the  acid  and  strain.  Then  evaporate  the  solu- 
tion on  a  water-bath,  stirring  constantly,  until  it  acquires  a  proper  consist- 
ence. 

Emplastrum  Ammoniac!  cum  Hydrargyro  (TJ.  S.,  Br.) — Plaster  of 
Ammoniac  with  Mercury. 

Take  of  Ammoniac 12  ounces. 

Mercury 3  ounces. 

Olive  oil 60  grains. 

Sublimed  sulphur 8  grains. 

Heat  the  oil,  and  add  the  sulphur  to  it  gradually,  stirring  until  they 
unite.  Triturate  the  mercury  with  the  mixture  until  globules  are  no  longer 
visible,  then  add  the  ammoniac,  previously  liquefied,  and  mix  the  whole 
carefully. 

Mistura  Ammoniaci  (TJ.  S.,  Br.) — Ammoniac  Mixture. 

Take  of  Ammoniac 120  grains. 

Water ^  pint. 

Add  the  water  gradually  to  the  ammoniac,  rubbing  them  thoroughly 
together,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  £  to  1  ounce. 

TINCTURE  OF  AMMONIAC  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Ammoniac 1  part. 

Alcohol  (80^) 5  parts. 

Macerate  ten  days,  with  occasional  agitation,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  %  to  1  drachm. 

MIXTURES  OF  AMMONIAC  . 

Take  of  Ammoniac  mixture ^  an  ounce. 

Wine  of  ipecacuanha 10  minims. 

Ethereal  tincture  of  lobelia 10  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Royal  Chest  Hospital. 


58  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Take  of  Ammoniac 50  grains. 

Diluted  nitric  acid 2  drachms. 

Water 8  ounces. 

Add  the  acid  to  the  water,  then  gradually  rub  the  gum  with  the  com- 
pound. 

Dose  :  ^  ounce  two  or  three  times  a  day,  in  the  chronic  catarrh   of 
elderly  persons.  Ellis. 

Take  of  Compound  tincture  of  camphor 30  minims. 

Oxymel  of  squill . .. 30  minims. 

Ammoniac  mixture to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital 


AMYGDALA  AMAEA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— BITTER  ALMOND. 
AMYGDALA  DULCIS    (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SWEET  ALMOND. 

The  fir§t  named  is  the  seed  of  Amygdalus  communis,  L.,  var.  amara, 
DC.,  and  the  second  of  A.  communis,  L.,  var.  dulcis,  DC.  (Nat.  ord.,  fiosa- 
cece\  trees  indigenous  to  Asia,  but  extensively  cultivated  in  Southern  Eu- 
rope and  Northern  Africa.  These  two  varieties  of  the  almond  tree  closely 
resemble  each  other,  and  their  fruits  are  nearly  alike  in  general  appear- 
ance, but  possess  different  constituents  and  different  tastes. 

Sweet  almonds  are  used  for  the  extraction  of  almond  oil,  to  prepare  an 
emulsion,  and  as  a  food  for  patients  suffering  with  diabetes. 

Bitter  almonds  are  very  poisonous,  in  large  doses,  owing  to  the  hydro- 
cyanic acid  which  they  generate  when  mixed  with  water.  The  essential 
oil  of  bitter  almonds  also  contains  hydrocyanic  acid,  and  is  very  poisonous. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Aqua  Amygdalae  Amarae  (U.  S.,  Ger.) — Bitter  Almond  Water. 

Take  of  Oil  of  bitter  almond 16  minims. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium 60  grains. 

Distilled  water 2  pints. 

Rub  the  oil,  first  with  the  carbonate  of  magnesium,  and  then  with  the 
water,  added  gradually,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  1  to  3  drachms. 

Slightly  sedative  ;  used  as  a  vehicle  for  narcotic  medicines. 
The  concentrated  bitter  almond  water  of  the  German  Pharmacopoeia  is 
prepared  by  distillation,  and  is  a  very  dangerous  preparation. 

Mistura  Amygdalae  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— Almond  Mixture. 

Take  of  Sweet  almond £  ounce. 

Gum  arabic 30  grains. 

Sugar ;  .120  grains. 

Distilled  water  .  8  ounces. 


BITTER    ALMOND SWEET    ALMOND.  59 

Having  blanched  the  almond,  add  the  gum  and  sugar,  and  beat  them 
until  they  are  thoroughly  mixed ;  then  rub  the  mixture  with  the  water, 
gradually  added,  and  strain. 

Demulcent  and  nutritive  ;  may  be  used  freely. 

Oleum  Amygdalae  Amarae  (U.  S.,  Fr.) — Oil  of  Bitter  Almond. 

Obtained  by  distillation  from  the  kernels  of  bitter  almonds  after  their 
fixed  oil  has  been  removed  by  expression.  Its  effects  are  due  to  the  hy- 
drocyanic acid  which  it  contains.  It  is  about  four  times  stronger  than  the 
officinal  acid,  though  it  varies  greatly,  and  is  therefore  unreliable. 

Dose  :  J  to  1  minim. 

Oleum  Amygdalae  Expressum  (U.  S.   et  al.  Ph.) — Expressed  Oil  of 

Almond. 

Obtained  by  expression  from  the  kernels,  of  both  sweet  and  bitter 
almonds.  It  is  emollient,  demulcent,  and  nutritive,  and  is  used  for  the 
same  purposes  as  olive  oil. 

Syrupus  Amygdalae  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.) — Syrup  of  Almond. 

Take  of  Sweet  almond 12  ounces. 

Bitter  almond 4  ounces. 

Sugar 72  ounces. 

Water 3  pints. 

Blanch  the  almonds,  and  rub  them  to  a  fine  paste,  adding,  during  the 
trituration,  3  ounces  of  water  and  12  ounces  of  sugar.  Mix  the  paste  with 
the  remainder  of  the  water,  strain,  express,  add  the  remainder  of  the  sugar, 
and  dissolve  with  a  gentle  heat.  Lastly,  strain  through  muslin,  and  keep 
in  well-stopped  bottles  in  a  cool  place. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms. 

Slightly  sedative,  from  the  small  amount  of  hydrocyanic  acid  which  it 
contains.  Used  chiefly  in  cough  mixtures. 

COMPOUND  POWDER  OF  ALMOND  (Br.). 

Take  of  Sweet  almond 8  ounces. 

Refined  sugar 4  ounces. 

Gum  arabic 1  ounce. 

Blanch  the  almonds  and  rub  them  to  a  smooth  consistence.  Mix  the 
gum  and  sugar,  and,  adding  them  to  the  pulp  gradually,  rub  the  whole  to 
a  coarse  powder. 

Two  and  one-half  ounces  of  the  powder,  triturated  with  20  ounces  of 
water,  forms  the  almond  mixture  of  the  British  Pharmacopoeia. 


60  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


AMYL  3STITKIS   (Br.>— NITRITE  OF  AMYL, 

An  ethereal  liquid  produced  by  the  action  of  nitric  or  nitrous  acid 
upon  amylic  alcohol. 

Nitrite  of  amyl  is  administered  by  inhalation  in  a  variety  of  nervous  and 
spasmodic  affections  ;  but  it  has  attracted  most  attention  lately  as  an  agent 
for  counteracting  the  poisonous  effects  of  chloroform  inhalation.  Its  use 
for  this  latter  purpose  was  first  suggested  by  Dr.  F.  A.  Burrall,  and  a  num- 
ber of  cases  are  already  upon  record  in  which  it  has  evidently  been  the 
means  of  saving  life.  It  may  also  be  administered  by  the  mouth. 

Dose  :  2  to  5  minims,  internally,  or  by  inhalation. 


AMYLUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— STARCH. 

The  fecula  of  common  wheat,  Triticmn  vulgare,  Kunth.  (Nat.  ord.,  Gra- 
minece). 

In  the  form  of  mucilage,  starch  is  often  used  as  a  vehicle  for  the  admin- 
istration of  opium,  etc.,  by  enema.  Externally  it  is  employed  as  a  dusting- 
powder. 

PREPARATIONS. 

GLYCERIN  OP  STARCH  (Br.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Starch 1  ounce. 

Glycerin 8  ounces. 

Rub  them  together  until  they  are  intimately  mixed,  then  gradually  heat 
to  a  temperature  of  240°  F.,  stirring  constantly  until  a  translucent  jelly  is 
formed. 

Used  as  a  substitute  for  simple  ointments  when  grease  is  objectionable. 
It  is,  however,  rather  irritating,  and  should  be  diluted  with  one  or  two 
parts  of  water. 

MUCILAGE  OF  STARCH  (Br.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Starch 120  grains. 

Distilled  water 10  ounces. 

Triturate  the  starch  with  the  water,  gradually  added,  then  boil  for  a  few 
minutes,  constantly  stirring. 


IODIDE    OF    STARCH ANISEED.  61 


AMYLI  IODIDUM— IODIDE   OF  STARCH. 

Prepared  by  triturating  starch  and  iodine  in  the  presence  of  a  little 
water,  and  afterward  carefully  drying  the  product. 
Used  in  cutaneous  diseases. 


ANGUSTURA  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— ANGUSTURA. 

• 

The  bark  of  Galipea  Cusparia,  St.  Hilaire  (Nat.  o?'d.,  Rutacece),  a  small 
tree  indigenous  to  Venezuela. 

Angustura  is  an  aromatic  bitter  tonic,  suited  to  convalescence  from 
acute  diseases,  especially  in  patients  who  are  unable  to  bear  cinchona  or 
its  derivatives. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains.' 

PREPARATIONS. 
Infusum  Angusturae  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Infusion  of  Angustura. 

Take  of  Angustura £  ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  I  pint. 

Or,  macerate  the  angustura  in  1  pint  of  boiling  water  for  two  hours, 
and  strain. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces.  Infusion  of  Cusparia,  Br. 


ANISUM   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— ANISE— ANISEED. 

The  fruit  of  Pimpinella  anisum,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Umbdliferw),  an  annual 
plant  indigenous  to  Asia  Minor,  the  Greek  Islands,  and  Egypt,  but  culti- 
vated in  many  subtropical  countries. 

Anise  is  an  aromatic  stimulant  and  carminative.  It  is  employed  to  re- 
lieve the  flatulent  colic  of  infants  and  young  children,  and  as  an  adjunct  to 
other  medicines. 

Dose :  10  to  30  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Aqua  Anisi  (U.  S.,  Fr.) — Anise  water. 

Take  of  Oil  of  anise J  drachm. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium 60  grains. 

Distilled  water 2  pints. 

Rub  the  oil,  first  with  the  carbonate,  then  with  the  water,  gradually 
added,  and  filter. 


62  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

It  may  also  be  prepared  by  mixing  10  ounces  of  powdered  anise  with 
16  pints  of  water,  and  distilling  8  pints.  The  French  Codex  prepares  it 
by  distillation. 

Used  as  a  vehicle. 

Oleum  Anisi  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Oil  of  Anise. 
The  oil  obtained  from  anise  by  distiUation. 
Dose  :  5  to  15  minims. 

Spiritus  Anisi  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Spirit  of  Anise,  Essence  of  Anise. 

Take  of  Oil  of  anise 1  ounce. 

Stronger  alcohol 15  ounces. 

Dissolve.     Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 

The  British  Pharmacopoaia  directs  the  proportion  of  1  to  4  ;  the  French 
Codex  prepares  it  by  distilling  anise  with  alcohol. 

OLEOSACCHAKATE  OF  ANISE  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Oil  of  anise 1  part. 

White  sugar 80  parts. 

Triturate  them  together  in  a  mortar. 

SYEUP  OF  ANISE  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Anise  water 500  parts. 

White  sugar 950  parts. 

Dissolve  by  agitation,  and  filter. 


ANTIIEM1S  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CHAMOMILE. 

The  flowers  of  Anthemis  nobilis,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Composite^),  an  herba- 
ceous perennial  indigenous  to  Europe. 

Chamomile  is  an  aromatic,  bitter  tonic  and  stimulant.  In  cold  infusion 
it  stimulates  the  appetite  and  aids  digestion  ;  the  warm  infusion  in  large 
doses  is  diaphoretic  and  emetic. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Infusum  Anthemidis  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Infusion  of  Chamomile. 

Take  of  Chamomile -j-  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Macerate  for  ten  minutes  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  4  ounces. 


ANTIMONY TARTAR    EMETIC.  63 

EXTRACT  OF  CHAMOMILE  (Br.,  FT.). 

Take  of  Charnomile  flowers 1  pound. 

Oil  of  chainoniile 15  minims. 

Distilled  water 1  gallon. 

Boil  the  chamomile  with  the  water  until  its  volume  is  reduced  to  one- 
half,  strain,  press,  and  filter.  Then  evaporate  on  a  water-bath  to  the  proper 
consistence,  adding  the  oil  at  the  end  of  the  process. 

Dose  :  2  to  10  grains. 

OIL  OF  CHAMOMILE  (Br.,  Fr.). 

The  oil  obtained  from  chamomile  flowers  by  distillation.     It  possesses 
the  purely  stimulant  properties  of  the  plant. 
Dose  :  3  to  10  minims. 

INFUSED  OIL  OF  CHAMOMILE  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Chamomile  flowers 1  part. 

Olive  oil 10  parts. 

Digest  for  two  hours  in  a  covered  vessel,  strain  with  expression,  and 
filter. 

Used  as  an  embrocation. 

CAMPHORATED  OIL 'OF  CHAMOMILE  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Infused  oil  of  chamomile 9  parts. 

Camphor 1  part. 

Dissolve  and  filter. 
Used  like  the  preceding. 


ANTIMONIUM— ANTIMONY. 

Metallic  antimony  is  not  used  medicinally. 


ANTIMONII  ET  POTASSII  TARTRAS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— 
TARTRATE  OF  ANTIMONY  AND  POTASSIUM— TAR- 
TAR EMETIC. 

Take  of  Oxide  of  antimony 2  ounces. 

Bitartrate  of  potassium 2£  ounces. 

Distilled  water 18  ounces. 

Heat  the  water  to  the  boiling  point  in  a  glass  vessel,  add  the  powders, 


64  MEDICAL    FORMULAKY. 

previously  mixed,  boil  an  hour,  filter  while  hot,  and  set  aside  to  crystallize. 
Lastly,  dry  the  crystals  and  preserve  them  in  a  well-stopped  bottle. 

It  is  in  white  crystals,  of  a  metallic  taste,  and  soluble  in  20  parts  of  water. 

In  small  doses,  tartar  emetic  is  diaphoretic,  expectorant,  and  nauseant ; 
in  large  doses,  emetic,  cathartic,  and  sedative  ;  in  overdoses,  an  active 
poison. 

It  was  formerly  much  used  in  the  acute  stage  of  inflammatory  affections, 
as  bronchitis,  pneumonia,  pleurisy,  etc.,  and  though  it  has  been,  in  a  meas- 
ure, superseded  by  agents  of  a  less  dangerous  character,  it  is  doubtful  if 
the  substitution  has  always  been  wise.  As  an  emetic,  it  is  prompt  and 
effective,  but  induces  considerable  prostration.  Locally  it  is  an  irritant, 
producing  an  abundant  pustular  eruption.  In  the  form  of  an  ointment  it 
is  used  as  a  counter-irritant. 

Dose  :  ^  to  .}  grain,  diaphoretic  and  expectorant ;  1  to  3  grains,  emetic. 


PREPARATIONS. 

Emplastrum  Antimonii  (U.  S.) — Antimonial  Plaster. 

Take  of  Tartrate  of  antimony  and  potassium 1  ounce. 

Burgundy  pitch 4  ounces. 

Melt  and  strain  the  pitch,  then  add  the  powder,  and  stir  until  cool. 

Unguentum  Antimonii  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Antimonial  Ointment. 

Take  of  Tartrate  of  antimony  and  potassium 100  grains. 

Lard 400  grains. 

Eub  them  together. 

Vinum  Antimonii  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Antimonial  Wine. 

Take  of  Tartrate  of  antimony  and  potassium 32  grains. 

Boiling  distilled  water 1  ounce. 

Sherry  wine sufficient. 

Dissolve  the   antimony  in  the  water,  and,  while  the  solution  is  hot,  add 
sufficient  wine  to  make  1  pint. 
Dose  :  5  to  60  minims. 

MIXTURES  OF  TARTAR  EMETIC. 

Take  of  Tartar  emetic |  grain. 

Acetate  of  morphia £  grain. 

Water 2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose :  1  drachm  every  hour  or  two.     In  acute  catarrh,  nasal, 
pharyngeal,  and  bronchial.  Bartholow. 


ANTIMONY.  65 

Take  of  Tartar  emetic 1  grain. 

Chloride  of  ammonium 80  grains. 

Extract  of  liquorice 20  grains. 

Hydrochlorate  of  morphia 1  grain. 

Syrup  of  tolu 1  ounce. 

Cherry-laurel  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  every  two,  three,  or  four  hours.     In  acute  in- 
flammatory affections  of  the  air-passages.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Tartar  emetic £  grain. 

Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium 2  drachms. 

Spirit  of  nitrous  ether 1  drachm. 

Camphor  water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Women's  Hospital,  London. 

Take  of  Tartar  emetic £  grain. 

Sulphate  of  magnesium 1  drachm. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Tartar  emetic $  grain. 

Nitrate  of  potassium 10  grains. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

PILL  OF  TARTAR  EMETIC  AND  OPIUM. 

Take  of  Tartar  emetic £  grain. 

Opium £  to  1  grain. 

Treacle sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  Guy's  Hospital. 

POWDER  OF  TARTAR  EMETIC  AND  IPECACUANHA. 

Take  of  Tartar  emetic 1  to  3  grains. 

Ipecacuanha £  drachm. 

Mix  and  divide  into  3  powders. 

Dose  :  1  powder   every  ten  or  fifteen  minutes  until  vomiting  is  pro- 
duced. 


ANTIMONII OXIDUM  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— OXIDE  OF  ANTIMONY. 

Prepared  from  sulphuret  of  antimony.  It  is  a  grayish-white  powder, 
insoluble  in  water,  and  producing  the  general  effects  of  tartar  emetic.  It 
is,  however,  seldom  employed,  except  in  preparing  tartar  emetic. 

Dose  :  2  to  3  grains. 
5 


66  MEDICAL  FORMULARY. 

PREPARATION. 

ANTIMONIAL  POWDER  (Br.). 

Take  of  Oxide  of  antimony 1  ounce. 

Phosphate  of  lime 2  ounces. 

Mix  them  thoroughly. 
Dose  :  3  to  10  grains. 


ANTIMONII    OXYSULPHURETUM    (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— OXY- 
SULPHURET  OF  ANTIMONY— KERMES'  MINERAL. 

Prepared,  by  boiling  sulphuret  of  antimony  in  a  solution  of  carbonate 
of  sodium.  It  is  a  purplish-brown,  tasteless  and  insoluble  powder,  pro- 
ducing the  general  effects  of  tartar  emetic,  but  is  less  efficient  and  less  re- 
liable. It  is  not  much  used. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  grains. 


ANTIMONII  SULPHURETUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SULPHURET 

OF   ANTIMONY. 

Native  sulphuret  of  antimony,  purified  by  fusion.     Used  in  preparations. 


ANTIMONIUM  SULPHURATUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SUL- 
PHURATED ANTIMONY— GOLDEN  SULPHURET  OF 
ANTIMONY. 

Prepared  by  boiling  sulphuret  of  antimony  in  a  solution  of  potassa, 
and  adding  the  filtered  liquid  to  sulphuric  acid  as  long  as  it  produces  a 
precipitate.  It  is  a  reddish-brown,  tasteless  and  insoluble  powder,  pro- 
ducing the  general  effects  of  other  antimonials.  It  is  seldom  used,  except 
in  the  following  preparation. 

PREPARATION. 

Pilulae  Antimonii  Compositae  (U.  S.,  Br. )— Compound  Pills  of  Anti- 
mony— Plummer's  Pill. 

Take  of  Sulphurated  antimony 12  grains. 

Mild  chloride  of  mercury 12  grains. 

Guaiac 24  grains. 

Molasses 24  grains. 

Rub  the  antimony,  first  with  the  calomel,  then  with  the  guaiac  and  mo- 
lasses, and  divide  into  24  pills. 
Dose  :  1  to  3  pills. 


INDIAN    HEMP WATER.  67 

APOCYNUM  CANNABINUM  (U.  S.)— INDIAN  HEMP. 

The  root  of  Apocynum  cannabinum,  I±'(Nat.  ord.,  Apocynacece),  a  pe- 
rennial herb  indigenous  to  North  America. 

In  large  doses  apocynum  is  a  powerful  emeto-cathartic ;  in  smaller 
doses  its  action  is  exerted  mainly  upon  the  skin  and  kidneys,  producing 
diaphoresis  and  diuresis.  It  has  been  most  frequently  employed  in  dropsy, 
especially  when  dependent  upon  cardiac  or  hepatic  disease. 

Apocynum  androssemifolium,  L.  (Dogs'  Bane),  quite  as  common  as  the 
above  named  species,  possesses  similar  properties,  but  is  believed  to  be  less 
active. 

Dose :  of  the  dried  root,  5  to  10  grains,  diaphoretic  and  diuretic ;  15 
to  30  grains,  emetic. 

PREPARATIONS. 

DECOCTION  OF  APOCYNDM. 

Take  of  Apocynum ^  ounce. 

Water 1£  pint. 

Boil  to  1  pint.     Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

Oleoresin  of  Apocynum — Apocynin. 

Prepared  in  the  same  manner  as  oleoresin  of  iris,  which  see. 

Dose  :  £  to  3  grains.  J.  U.  Lloyd. 


APORMORPHLE  HYDROCHLORAS  —  HYDROCHLORATE 
OF  APOMORPHIA. 

Obtained  by  the  action  of  hydrochloric  acid  upon  morphia  at  a  temper- 
ature of  about  300°,  in  a  sealed  tube.  It  is  a  crystalline  substance,  readily 
soluble  in  water,  and  is  a  prompt  and  violent  emetic.  It  is  chiefly  ad- 
ministered hypoderrnically  in  cases  of  great  urgency,  as  in  poisoning. 

Dose  :  -^  to  y1^  grain,  hypodermically. 


AQUA— WATER. 

Aqua  Destillata  (U.  S.  et  aL  Ph.)— Distilled  Water. 

Take  of  water 80  pints. 

Distil  2  pints,  using  a  tin  or  glass  condenser,  and  throw  them  away  ; 
then  distil  64  pints,  and  keep  in  well-stopped  bottles. 


68  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Though  distilled  water  is  directed  for  most  of  the  preparations  in  which 
water  is  employed,  in  many  of  them  pure  river  or  rain  water,  after  boiling, 
may  be  substituted. 

The  medicated  waters  are  treated  of  under  the  various  drugs  used  in 
their  preparation,  except  the  following : 


Aqua  Chlorini  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Chlorine  Water. 

Take  of  Black  oxide  of  manganese ^  ounce. 

Hydrochloric  acid  (by  weight) 3  ounces. 

Water 4  ounces. 

Distilled  water 20  ounces. 

Introduce  the  oxide  into  a  flask,  add  the  acid  previously  diluted  with  2 
ounces  of  the  water,  heat  gently,  and,  by  means  of  proper  apparatus,  pass 
the  gas  which  generates  through  the  remainder  of  the  water  and  into  a  four- 
pint  bottle  containing  the  distilled  water. 

Chlorine  water  is  used  as  an  antiseptic  and  disinfectant. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms. 


CHEERY-LAUREL  WATER  (Br.,  Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Fresh  leaves  of  cherry-laurel 1  pound. 

Water 50  ounces. 

Chop,  crush  and  bruise  the  leaves,  macerate  them  in  the  water  for 
twenty-four  hours,  then  distil  20  ounces. 

Dose  :  5  to  30  minims. 

It  owes  its  virtues  to  the  hydrocyanic  acid  which  it  contains  ;  but,  as  the 
percentage  of  acid  is  very  variable,  the  preparation  is  uncertain.  It  is  bet- 
ter to  use  the  officinal  acid. 


AEGENTUM   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SILYEK. 

Metallic  silver  is  without  medicinal  properties. 

The  following   compounds  of  silver   are  employed   in  medicine  and 
pharmacy. 

AEGENTI  CYANIDUM  (U.  S.)— CYANIDE  OF  SILYEE. 

A  white,  tasteless  and  insoluble  powder.     Used  in  preparing  diluted 
hydrocyanic  acid. 


IODIDE    OF    SILVER NITRATE    OF    SILVER.  69 


AKGENTI  10DIDUH— IODIDE  OF  SILVER 

Obtained  by  mixing  solutions  of  iodide  of  potassium  and  nitrate  of  sil- 
ver. It  is  a  greenish  yellow  powder,  producing,  when  administered  inter- 
nally, the  general  eftect  of  nitrate  of  silver,  with  the  asserted  advantage  of 
not  discoloring  the  skin. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  grains. 


AEGEXTI  NITKAS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— NITKATE  OF  SILYEE. 

Take  of  Silver,  in  small  pieces 2  ounces. 

Nitric  acid  by  (weight) 2^-  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Add  the  silver  to  the  acid  previously  mixed  with  1  ounce  of  distilled 
water  in  a  capsule,  cover  with  an  inverted  funnel,  heat  gently  until  the  sil- 
ver is  dissolved,  then  remove  the  funnel,  evaporate  to  dryness  and  melt  the 
mass,  stirring  until  all  free  nitric  acid  is  expelled.  Dissolve,  when  cold,  in 
6  ounces  of  distilled  water,  decant  the  clear  solution,  mix  the  residue  with 
1  ounce  of  distilled  water,  filter,  add  the  filtrate  to  the  decanted  solution, 
evaporate,  and  crystallize.  Drain  the  crystals,  and  preserve  them  in  a  well- 
stopped  bottle. 

It  is  a  heavy,  colorless  salt,  soluble  in  water,  and  possessing  caustic 
properties. 

Applied  locally,  nitrate  of  silver  acts  as  a  caustic,  the  cauterized  surface 
turning  brown  or  black  when  exposed  to  light 

Taken  internally  it  is  tonic,  astringent,  and  antispasmodic.  It  is  used 
in  dysentery,  diarrhoea,  gastric  ulcer,  epilepsy,  chorea,  etc.  When  admin- 
istered for  too  great  a  length  of  time,  it  produces  a  blue  discoloration  of 
the  skin,  which  is  indelible.  Topically  it  is  employed  as  a  caustic  in  chan- 
cres and  other  specific  sores,  and,  in  solution,  to  produce  healthy  granu- 
lations upon  wounds  and  ulcers,  as  an  injection  in  gonorrhoea,  etc. 

Dose  :  £  to  2  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 

Argenti  Nitras  Fusa  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— Fused  Nitrate  of  Silver. 
Take  of  Nitrate  of  silver sufficient. 

Melt  in  a  porcelain  capsule,  continuing  the  heat  until  frothing  ceases, 
then  pour  into  suitable  moulds. 
Used  as  a  caustic. 


70  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


NjTRATED    LUNAK    CAUSTIC  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Crystallized  nitrate  of  silver 1  part. 

Nitrate  of  potassium 2  parts. 

Rub  them  together,  melt  in  a  porcelain  vessel,  and  pour  into  suitable 
moulds.     Much  milder  in  action  than  the  preceding. 

COLLYRIUM    OF    NlTRATE    OF    SlLVER. 

Take  of  Nitrate  of  silver 1  to  5  grains. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Dissolve.     In  common  use. 

INJECTION  OF  NITRATE  OF  SILVER. 

Take  of  Nitrate  of  silver 1  to  If  grain. 

Water 6  ounces. 

Dissolve.     Use  every  three  hours  in  the  first  stage  of  gonorrhoea,  to 
abort  the  disease.  Bumstead. 

LOTION  OF  NITRATE  OF  SILVER. 

Take  of  Nitrate  of  silver 2  to  10  grains. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Used  in  eczema  and  erythema.  Tilbury  Fox. 

MIXTURE  OF  NITRATE  OF  SILVER. 

Take  of  Nitrate  of  silver 1  grain. 

Diluted  nitric  acid 8  minims. 

Deodorized  tincture  of  opium 8  minims. 

'Mucilage  of  gum  arabic -J  ounce. 

Syrup ^  ounce. 

Cinnamon-water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose :  1  drachm  every  three,  four,  or  six  hours,  for  a  child  one 
year  old.     In  cholera  infantum,  after  the  acuter  symptoms  have  subsided. 

Bartholow. 

PILLS  OF  NITRATE  OF  SILVER. 

Take  of  Nitrate  of  silver 3  grains. 

Powdered  opium 6  grains. 

Powdered  ipecac 6  grains. 

Mix  and  make  12  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  every  four  or  six  hours.     In  the  diarrhoea  of  typhoid  fever. 

Bartholow. 

Take  of  Nitrate  of  silver 15  grains. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Extract  of  belladonna 10  grains. 

Oil  of  cloves 10  minims. 

Powdered  gentian sufficient.     , 

Extract  of  gentian sufficient. 

Mix  and  divide  into  60  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  three  times  a  day.     In  chronic  gastric  catarrh.  Frerichs. 


OXIDE    OF    SILVER ARNICA    FLOWERS    AND    ROOT.  7l 

Take  of  Nitrate  of  silver i  grain. 

Dover's  powder 2  grains. 

Mucilage  sufficient  to  make  1  pill.  London  Chest  Hospital. 

Take  of  Nitrate  of  silver i  grain. 

Opium i  grain. 

Extract  of  henbane 1  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Fever  Hospital. 

POWDER  OF  NITBATE  OF  SILVER. 

Take  of  Nitrate  of  silver 5  to  40  grains. 

Sulphate  of  potassium 1 J  drachm. 

Subnitrate  of  bismuth : to  1  ounce. 

Mix  and  make  a  powder.  To  be  blown  with  a  powder-blower  into  the 
anterior  and  posterior  nares,  daily,  or  on  alternate  days,  in  naso-pharyngeal 
catarrh  with  muco-purulent  discharge.  The  surfaces  should  first  be 
cleansed  with  a  solution  of  sodium  nitrate.  Andrew  H.  Smith. 


ARGENTI  OXIDUM  (U.  S.,  Br.)— OXIDE  OF  SILVER. 

Take  of  Nitrate  of  silver .' 4  ounces. 

Distilled  water £  pint. 

Solution  of  potassa 1£  pint  or  sufficient 

Dissolve  the  nitrate  in  the  water,  and  to  the  solution  add  solution  of  po- 
tassa as  long  as  it  produces  a  precipitate.  Collect,  wash,  and  dry  the  pre- 
cipitate. It  is  an  olive-brown  powder,  slightly  soluble  in  water.  Taken 
internally  it  produces  the  general  effects  of  nitrate  of  silver. 

Dose  :  J  to  2  grains. 

PILLS  OF  OXIDE  OF  SILVER. 

Take  of  Oxide  of  silver 5  grains. 

Extract  of  hyoscyamus 5  grains. 

Mix  and  divide  into  10  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  three  times  a  day,  before  meals.  In  nervous  dyspepsia, 
and  chronic  gastric  catarrh.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Oxide  of  silver i  grain. 

Extract  of  hops 2  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Chest  Hospital. 


ARNICA  FLORES  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— ARNICA  FLOWERS. 
ARN1OE  RADIX  (Br.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— ARNICA  ROOT 

The  flowers  and  root  of  Arnica  montana,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Composites),  a 
small,  perennial  herb  indigenous  to  Central  and  Northern  Europe. 


72  MEDICAL    FOEMULAKY. 

Both  flowers  and  root  of  arnica  act  as  irritants  when  taken  internally  or 
applied  externally,  and  hence  the  plant  has  been  found  most  useful  in 
cases  requiring  stimulation.  Arnica  has  been  employed  internally  in  a 
great  variety  of  affections,  but  is  at  present  little  used  in  this  country,  ex- 
cept as  an  external  application  to  bruises,  sprains,  etc. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Emplastrum  Arnicae  (U.  S.) — Arnica  Plaster. 

Take  of  Extract  of  arnica 1£  ounce. 

Kesin  plaster 3  ounces. 

Melt  the  plaster,  then  add  the  extract  and  mix  thoroughly. 

Extractum  Arnicas  (U.  S.) — Extract  of  Arnica. 

Take  of  Arnica  flowers 24  ounces. 

Alcohol. 4  pints. 

Water 2  pints. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Mix  the  alcohol  and  water,  and  make  a  tincture  by  percolation,  con- 
tinuing with  diluted  alcohol  until  6  pints  are  obtained.  Evaporate  to  the 
proper  consistence. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 

Tinctura  Arnicas  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Tincture  of  Arnica. 

Take  of  Arnica  flowers 6  ounces. 

Alcohol 1-J-  pint. 

Water £  pint. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Mix  the  alcohol  and  water,  moisten,  pack  and  percolate  the  arnica  with 
the  mixture,  continuing  with  diluted  alcohol  until  2  pints  are  obtained. 

Dose  :  5  to  30  minims. 

The  British  preparation  is  made  with  the  root,  in  the  proportion  of  1  to 
20.  The  French  Codex  prepares  also  a  tincture  from  the  fresh  plant. 

INFUSION  OF  AKNICA. 

Take  of  Arnica  flowers  or  root £  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Infuse  for  half  an  hour  in  a  covered  vessel,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  ^  to  1  ounce,  chiefly  externally. 


AKSENICUM— AKSENIC. 

The  most  important  of  the  medicinal  compounds  of  arsenic  are  treated 
of  elsewhere.     See  Arsenious  Add  and  Solution  of  Arsenite  of  Potassium. 


CHLORIDE    OF    ARSENIC IODIDE   OF   ARSENIC.  73 

AKSENICI  CHLOKIDUM— CHLOEIDE  OF  ARSENIC. 

PREPARATION. 

Liquor  Arsenic!  Chloridi  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Solution  of  Chloride  of  Arsenic. 

Arsenious  acid 64  grains. 

Hydrochloric  acid 2  drachms. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Boil  the  arsenious  acid  with  the  hydrochloric  acid  and  4  ounces  of  the 
distilled  water,  until  it  is  dissolved,  and,  when  cold,  add  sufficient  distilled 
water  to  make  1  pint. 

Dose  :   2  to  eight  minims. 

It  has  the  same  strength  as  Fowler's  solution — 4  grains  to  an  ounce — 
and  is  used  for  the  same  purposes,  though  it  is  said  to  be  less  reliable. 


ARSEXICI  IODIDUM  (U.  S.)— IODIDE  OF  ARSENIC. 

Take  of  Arsenic 60  grains. 

Iodine 300  grains. 

Rub  them  together  thoroughly,  then  heat  in  a  flask  until  liquefaction 
occurs,  cool,  break  in  pieces,  and  keep  in  a  well-stopped  bottle.  It  is  an 
orange-red,  crystalline  compound,  completely  soluble  in  water.  Used  as 
an  alterative  in  skin  diseases. 

Dose  :  -^  to  ^  grain. 

PILLS  OF  IODIDE  OF  ABSENIC. 

Take  of  Iodide  of  arsenic 2  grains. 

Manna 4  grains. 

Mucilage sufficient. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  20  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  three  times  a  day,  in  psoriasis.  Tilbury  Fox. 

Liquor  Arsenic!  et   Hydrargyri  lodidi  (U.  S.) — Solution  of  Iodide 
of  Arsenic  and  Mercury. 

Iodide  of  arsenic 35  grains. 

Red  iodide  of  mercury 35  grains. 

Distilled  water £  pint.      - 

Rub  the  iodides  with  £  ounce  of  the  water  until  dissolved,  then  add  the 
remainder  of  the  water,  and  filter. 

Dose  :  2  to  10  minims. 

Commonly  known  as  Donovan's  Solution.  Used  in  skin  diseases,  espe- 
cially those  of  a  chronic  or  syphilitic  character. 


74  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


ASAFCETIDA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— ASAFETIDA. 

A  gum-resin  obtained  by  incisions  made  into  the  living  roots  of  Ferula 
Narthex,  Boiss.,  and  Ferula  Scorodesma,  B.  et  H.  (Nat.  ord.,  Umbelliferce), 
large  herbaceous  perennials  indigenous  to  Asia. 

It  occurs  in  masses  of  tears  varying  in  size,  consistence,  and  color,  but 
of  an  odor  which  is  characteristic  and  unmistakable.  Its  taste  is  acrid, 
bitter,  and  disagreeable. 

Asafetida  is  an  antispasmodic  and  nervine.  Used  in  hysteria,  asthma, 
whooping-cough,  and  a  variety  of  other  nervous  diseases. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Emplastrum  Asafcetidae  (U.  S.,  Ger.) — Asafetida  Plaster. 

Take  of  Asafetida 12  ounces. 

Lead  plaster 12  ounces. 

Galbanum 6  ounces. 

Yellow  wax 6  ounces. 

Alcohol 3  pints. 

Dissolve  the  gums  in  the  alcohol,  on  a  water-bath,  strain,  and  evaporate 
to  the  consistence  of  honey  ;  then  add  the  plaster  and  wax,  previously 
melted,  stir  well,  and  evaporate  to  the  proper  consistence. 

Mistura  Asafcetidae  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Asafetida  Mixture. 

Take  of  Asafetida 120  grains. 

Water £  pint. 

Eub  together  until  thoroughly  mixed. 

Dose :  -^  to  1  ounce.  Often  used  by  enema  in  hysterical  and  infantile 
convulsions.  Enema  of  Asafetida,  Br. 


Pilulas  Asafcetidae  (U.  S.)— Pills  of  Asafetida. 

Take  of  Asafetida 72  grains. 

Soap 24  grains. 

Beat  them  together  into  a  pilular  mass,  and  divide  into  24  pills. 
Dose  :  2  to  4  pills.     See  also  Pilulce  Galbani  Composites. 

Suppositoria  Asafcetidae  (U.  S.) — Suppositories  of  Asafetida. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  asafetida 1  ounce. 

Oil  of  theobroma 320  grains. 

Evaporate  the  tincture  to  the  consistence  of  a  thick  syrup,  mix  it  with 
1  drachm  of  the  oil ;  then,  having  melted  the  remainder,  mix  thoroughly, 
and  pour  into  suitable  moulds,  makiug  12  suppositories. 


PLEURISY    BOOT.  75 

Tinctura  Asafcetidae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Tincture  of  Asafetida. 

Take  of  Asafetida ' 4  ounces. 

Alcohol 2  pints. 

Macerate  for  seven  days  and  filter. 

Dose  :  |  to  1  drachm. 

The  French  Codex  prepares  also  an  ethereal  tincture. 

MIXTURES  OF  ASAFETIDA. 

Take  of  Asafetida  mixture 4  ounces. 

Chloride  of  ammonium 1  drachm. 

[Mix.  Dose :  ^  ounce,  as  necessary.  In  the  cough  maintained  by 
habit,  which  may  succeed  whooping- cough,  and  the  sympathetic  cough  of 
mothers  whose  children  have  whooping-cough.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  asafetida , ^  drachm. 

Tincture  of  valerian I  drachm. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium  mixture ^  ounce. 

Mucilage  of  tragacanth %  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Charing  Cross  Hospital. 

PELL  OF  ASAFETIDA  AND  IROX. 

Take  of  Asafetida 2  grains. 

Sulphate  of  iron 1  grain. 

Extract  of  gentian 1  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

PILL  OF  ASAFETIDA  AXD  ZINC. 

Take  of  Compound  asafetida  pill 4  grains. 

Sulphate  of  zinc 1  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Chest  Hospital. 


ASCLEPIAS  TUBEROSA  (U.  S.)— PLEURISY  ROOT. 

The  root  of  Asclepias  tuberosa,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Asdepiadacece),  an  herba- 
ceous perennial  indigenous  to  North  America. 

The  root  of  A.  incarnata,  L.,  and  of  A.  Syriaca,  L.,  two  other  common 
species,  possess  the  same  properties  as  the  above,  though  perhaps  to  a  less 
degree. 

Asclepias,  in  moderate  doses,  acts  as  a  diuretic  and  diaphoretic  ;  in  large 
doses  as  an  emetic.  It  is  used  in  the  earlier  stages  of  bronchitis,  pleurisy, 
pneumonia,  rheumatism,  etc. 

Dose  :  of  the  powdered  root,  20  to  60  grains. 


76  MEDICAL  FORMULAKY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

DECOCTION  OF  PLEURISY  ROOT. 

Take  of  Pleurisy  root 1  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Boil  for  half  an  hour,  strain  and  add  sufficient  water  to  make  1  pint. 
Dose  :  1  to  4  ounces. 

Oleoresin  of  Asclepias — Asclepidin. 

Prepared  in  the  same  manner  as  oleoresin  of  iris,  which  see. 

Dose  :  1  to  5  grains.  J.  U,  Lloyd. 


ATEOPIA  (U.  S.'  et  al.  Ph.)—  ATROPIA. 

Take  of  Belladonna  root  ...........................   48  ounces. 

Purified  chloroform  (by  weight)  .............   4^  ounces. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid  .....................      sufficient. 

Solution  of  potassa  ........................     sufficient. 

Alcohol  ..................................      sufficient. 

Water  ...........  .  .......................      sufficient. 

Percolate  the  belladonna  with  the  alcohol  until  16  pints  are  obtained  ; 
reduce  to  4  pints  by  distilling  off  the  alcohol.  Acidulate  this  with  diluted 
sulphuric  acid,  evaporate  to  ^  pint,  add  an  equal  bulk  of  water,  and  filter. 
To  the  filtered  liquid  add,  first,  1^-  ounce  of  chloroform,  then  solution  of 
potassa  in  slight  excess,  and  shake  occasionally  for  half  an  hour.  When 
the  heavier  liquid  has  subsided,  separate  it,  add  1  J  ounce  of  chloroform  to  the 
lighter  liquid,  shake,  and  separate  as  before.  Repeat  with  the  remainder 
of  the  chloroform,  mix  the  heavier  liquids  in  a  capsule,  and  set  aside  until, 
by  evaporation,  the  atropia  is  left  dry. 

Atropia,  thus  prepared,  is  in  yellowish-white  crystals,  odorless,  of  an 
acrid  taste,  soluble  in  300  parts  of  water,  25  of  ether,  and  in  a  smaller 
proportion  of  alcohol. 

It  produces  essentially  the  same  effects  as  belladonna. 
Dose  :  ^  to  ^  grain. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Atropiae  Sulphas  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)—  Sulphate  of  Atropia. 

Take  of  Atropia  ..................................   60  grains. 

Stronger  ether  ............................   4£  ounces. 

Sulphuric  acid  ............................     6  grains. 

Alcohol  ..................................      1  drachm. 

Dissolve  the  atropia  in  the  ether,  mix  the  alcohol  and  acid,  and  carefully 
drop  the  mixture  into  the  ethereal  solution.  When  the  sulphate  has  been 
deposited,  decant  the  ether  and  dry  the  salt. 

Dose  :  T^  to  -^  grain.  It  is  very  soluble,  and  on  this  account  is  gen- 
erally used  instead  of  the  alkaloid. 


GRANGE ORANGE    FLOWERS.  77 

SOLUTION  OF  ATROPIA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Atropia 4  grains. 

Rectified  spirit 1  drachm. 

Distilled  water 7  drachms. 

Dissolve  the  atropia  in  the  spirit,  and  add  this  gradually  to  the  water, 
shaking  them  together. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  prepares  also  a  solution  of  sulphate  of 
atropia,  4  grains  to  1  ounce.  Used  hypodermically,  and  instilled  into  the 
eves  to  dilate  the  pupil. 

OINTMENT  OF  ATBOPIA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Atropia 8  grains. 

Rectified  spirit ^  drachm. 

Lard 1  ounce. 

Dissolve  the  atropia  in  the  spirit,  add  the  lard,  and  mix  thoroughly. 

MIXTURES  OF  ATROPIA. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  atropia 1  grain. 

Sulphate  of  zinc ^  drachm 

Distilled  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.  Dose  :  3  to  5  drops,  twice  or  thrice  a  day.  In  gastralgia  and 
gastric  ulcer.  Hartholow. 

Take  of  Atropia : |  grain. 

Diluted  hydrochloric  acid 1  ounce. 

Mix.  Dose  :  5  drops  in  water,  before  meals.  In  heart-burn,  water- 
brash,  etc.  Bartholow. 

AURANTIUM— ORANGE. 

AURANTII  AMARI  CORTEX  (TJ.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— BITTER 
ORANGE  PEEL. 

The  rind  of  the  fruit  of  Citrus  vulgaris,  Risso  (Nat.  ord.,  Aurantiacece), 
a  tree  indigenous  to  India,  but  cultivated  in  most  warm  countries. 


AURANTII  DULCIS  CORTEX  (LT.  S.,  Fr.)— SWEET  ORANGE 

PEEL. 

The  rind  of  the  fruit  of  Citrus  Aurantium,  Risso,  a  tree  of  the  same 
origin,  and  having  the  same  distribution  as  the  bitter  orange. 


AURANTII  FLORES  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— ORANGE  FLOWERS. 

The  flowers  of  either  of  the  above  named  species  of-  orange. 
The  British  Pharmacopoeia  recognizes  also  the  fruit  of  the  bitter  orange, 
and  the  French  Codex  that  of  the  sweet  orange. 


78  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Orange  peel  is  an  aromatic  bitter.  Used  as  a  flavoring  agent  and  as  an 
adjunct  to  other  medicines. 

Dose  :  -J-  to  1  drachm. 

Orange  flowers  yield  a  fragrant,  volatile  oil,  and  are  used,  chiefly  in  the 
form  of  orange  flower  water,  as  a  vehicle. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Aqua  Aurantii  Florum  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Orange  Flower  Water. 

Take  of  Recent  orange  flowers 48  ounces. 

Water 16  pints. 

Mix  them,  and,  by  means  of  steam,  distil  8  pints.     Used  as  a  vehicle. 

Confectio  Aurantii  Corticis  (U.  S.) — Confection  of  Orange  Peel. 

Take  of  Recent  sweet  orange  peel,  grated 12  ounces. 

Sugar 36  ounces. 

Beat  them  together. 
Dose  :   1  to  4  drachms. 

Syrupus  Aurantii  Corticis  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Syrup  of  Orange  Peel. 

Take  of  Sweet  orange  peel,  recently  dried 2  ounces. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium ^  ounce. 

Sugar 28  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Percolate  the  orange  peel  with  alcohol  until  6  ounces  of  tincture  are 
obtained.  Evaporate  this,  at  or  below  120°,  to  2  ounces,  add  the  carbo- 
nate and  1  ounce  of  sugar,  and  rub  them  together,  adding  gradually  -^  pint 
of  water.  Then  filter,  add  water  to  1  pint,  and  dissolve  in  it  the  remainder 
of  the  sugar  with  a  gentle  heat,  and  strain. 

Used  as  a  vehicle. 

The  British,  French,  and  German  preparations  are  made  with  bitter 
orange  peel. 

Syrupus  Aurantii  Florum  (U.  S.  etal.  Ph.) — Syrup  of  Orange  Flowers. 

Take  of  Orange  flower  water 20  ounces. 

Sugar 36  ounces. 

Dissolve  with  a  gentle  heat.     Used  as  a  vehicle. 

Tinctura  Aurantii  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Tincture  of  Orange. 

Take  of  Bitter  orange 4  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  prepares  also  a  tincture  from  the  fresh  peel,, 
and  the  French  Codex  one  from  fresh  sweet  orange  peel. 


GOLD AZEDAKACH.  79 

INFUSION  OF  ORANGE  PEEL  (Br.). 

Take  of  Bitter  orange.peel i  ounce. 

Boiling  distilled  water 10  ounces. 

Infuse  in  a  covered  vessel  for  fifteen  minutes,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

COMPOUND  INFUSION  OF  ORANGE  PEEL  (Br.). 
Take  of  Bitter  orange  peel ^  ounce. 

Fresh  lemon  peel 60  grains. 

Cloves 30  grains. 

Boiling  distilled  water 10  ounces. 

Infuse  in  a  covered  vessel  for  fifteen  minutes,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 


AURUM  (Fr.,  Ger.)— GOLD. 

Metallic  gold,  in  a  very  finely  divided  state,  is  occasionally  used  in  syph- 
ilis, and  in  some  diseases  of  the  skin.  It  may  be  prepared  by  triturating 
gold  leaf  with  sulphate  of  potassium  or  sugar  of  milk,  and  then  washing 
out  the  triturant  with  water. 

Dos.e :  -J-  to  1  grain.     Applied  by  frictions  to  the  sides  of  the  tongue. 


AURI  CHLORIDCTM  (Fr.)— CHLORIDE  OF  GOLD. 

Prepared  by  dissolving  gold  leaf  in  nitro-hydrochloric  acid,  evaporat- 
ing, and  crystallizing. 
Dose  :  -fo  to  -J-  grain. 


AURI   ET   SODII   CHLORIDUM   (Fr.,  Ger.)— CHLORIDE   OF 
GOLD  AND  SODIUM. 

Prepared  by  dissolving  10  parts  of  gold  leaf  in  nitro-hydrochloric  acid, 
evaporating  to  a  syrupy  consistence,  adding  an  equal  volume  of  water,  and 
then  3  parts  of  chloride  of  sodium.  The  mixture  is  then  evaporated  to 
dry  ness,  on  a  sand-bath. 

Dose  :  -gL-  to  ^  grain. 


AZEDARACH  (U.  S.)— AZEDARACH. 

The  bark  of  the  root  of  Melia  Azedarach,  L.  ( Nat.  ore?.,  Meliacece),  a  tree 
indigenous  to  India  and  China,  but  cultivated  for  ornament  in  the  Southern 
United  States. 

Azedarach  is  emetic  and  cathartic,  and  in  large  doses  produces  narcotic 
effects  similar  to  those  of  spigelia.  It  is  used  in  the  Southern  States  as  a  ver- 
mifuge for  lumbricoid  worms,  and  is  considered  nearly  as  efficient  as  spigelia. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 


80  MEDICAL  FORMULARY. 

PREPARATION. 

DECOCTION  OF  AZEDARACH. 

Take  of  Azedarach 4  ounces. 

Water H  pint. 

Boil  to  1  pint  and  strain. 

Dose :  1  ounce  every  two  or  three  hours. 


BALSAMUM   PEPOJVIANUM   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— BALSAM   OF 

PERU. 

A  semi-liquid  balsam  obtained  from  Myroxylon  Pereirse,  Klotzsch  (Nat. 
ord.,  Leguminosce),  a  tree  indigenous  to  Central  America. 

Balsam  of  Peru  is  of  a  light  brown  color,  in  thin  layers  perfectly  trans- 
parent, and  has  a  very  agreeable  odor,  and  a  warm,  pungent  taste.  Taken 
internally  it  acts  as  a  stimulant  to  the  mucous  membranes,  and  is  occa- 
sionally used  in  catarrhal  affections.  Externally  it  is  employed  as  a  stimu- 
lating dressing  for  indolent  ulcers,  wounds,  etc. 

PREPARATIONS. 

SYRUP  or  BALSAM  OF  PERU  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Balsam  of  Peru 1  part. 

Distilled  water 11  parts. 

Digest  for  several  hours  with  frequent  agitation,  decant,  and  filter.     To 
10  parts  of  the  filtrate,  add  18  parts  of  sugar,  and  dissolve. 
Dose  :  1  to  3  drachms. 

MIXTURE  OF  BALSAM  OF  PERU. 
Take  of  Balsam  of  Peru 25  minims. 

Honey 40  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Guy's  Hospital 


BALSAMUM   TOLUTANUM   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— BALSAM   OF 

TOLU. 

A  semi-liquid  balsam  obtained  from  Myroxylon  Toluifera,  H.  B.  K. 
(Nat.  ord.,  Leguminosce),  a  tree  indigenous  to  the  northern  part  of  South 
America. 

When  first  imported  it  has  a  soft  consistence,  but  by  age  it  becomes 
hard  and  brittle.  It  is  of  a  reddish-brown  color,  an  agreeable  odor,  and 
a  sweetish,  pungent  taste.  Like  balsam  of  Peru,  it  acts  as  a  stimulant  to 
the  mucous  membranes,  and  is  used  in  catarrhal  affections.  Owing  to  its 
agreeable  odor  and  taste,  it  is  often  employed  in  cough  syrups  and  mixtures. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 


WILD    INDIGO.  81 

PREPARATIONS. 
Syrupus  Tolutanus  (U.  S.  et  al  Ph.) — Syrup  of  Tolu. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  tolu 2  ounces. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium 120  grains. 

Sugar 26  ounces. 

Water 1  pint 

Rub  the  tolu  with  the  carbonate  of  magnesium  and  2  ounces  of  sugar, 
then  with  the  water,  gradually  added,  and  filter.  Dissolve  the  remainder 
of  the  sugar  in  the  filtered  Liquid  with  a  gentle  heat,  and  strain. 

Used  as  a  vehicle,  chiefly  in  cough  mixtures. 

Tinctura  Tolutana  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— Tincture  of  Tolu. 

Take  of  Balsam  of  tolu 3  ounces. 

Alcohol 2  pints. 

Macerate  until  dissolved,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  15  to  40  minims. 


BAPTISIA— WILD  INDIGO. 

The  root  of  Baptisia  tinctoria,  R.  Br.  (Nat.  ord.t  Leguminosce),  an  her- 
baceous perennial  indigenous  to  the  United  States  and  Canada. 

In  the  early  part  of  the  present  century,  baptisia  was  considered  useful 
in  low  fevers  and  as  a  topical  application  to  unhealthy  ulcers.  It  is  largely 
employed  at  the  present  day,  by  homceopathists,  in  the  treatment  of  typhoid 
fever,  and  careful  experiments  seem  to  justify  their  esteem  of  it. 

PREPARATIONS. 

DECOCTION  OF  BAPTISIA. 

Take  of  Fresh  root  of  baptisia I  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1^  pint. 

Boil  to  1  pint  and  strain. 
Dose  :  £  to  1  drachm. 

TINCTURE  OF  BAPTISIA. 

Take  of  Fresh  root  of  baptisia 1  part. 

%     Diluted  alcohol 2  parts. 

Macerate  fourteen  days,  and  filter. 

Dose  :  2  to  5  drops  hourly  in  the  early  stages  of  typhoid  fever.     The 
best  effects  have  been  obtained  from  small  doses,  frequently  repeated. 
6 


82  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


BEL^E  FKUCTUS   (Br.)— BAEL  FRUIT. 

The  dried,  half-ripe  fruit  of  Mgle  Marmelos,  DC.  (Nat.  ord.,  Auran- 
tiacece),  a  medium-sized  tree  indigenous  to  India. 

Bael  fruit  is  an  astringent,  which  is  very  useful  in  chronic  relaxation  of 
the  bowels.  It  is  not  administered  in  substance. 


PREPARATIONS. 

LIQUID  EXTRACT  OF  BAEL  (Br.). 

Take  of  Bael  fruit 1  pound. 

Distilled  water 12  pints  (imp.). 

Rectified  spirit 2  ounces. 

Macerate  the  bael  for  twelve  hours  in  one-third  of  the  water  ;  pour  off 
the  clear  liquor ;  repeat  a  second  and  third  time  for  one  hour  in  the  re- 
mainder of  the  water,  express,  filter  the  mixed  liquids,  evaporate  to  14 
ounces,  and,  when  cold,  add  the  spirit. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

DECOCTION  OF  BAEL  FRUIT. 

Take  of  Bael  fruit 1  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Make  a  decoction.     Dose  :  a  small  wineglassful  three  times  a  day. 

James  Knight. 

Dr.  Knight  writes :  "I  have  used  bael  fruit  for  eighteen  years,  having 
imported  it  for  my  own  use,  and  have  found  it  one  of  the  most  efficient 
remedies  for  the  cure  of  chronic  diarrhoea." 


BELLADONNA— BELL  ADON  N  A. 

BELLADONNA  FOLIA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— BELLADONNA 

LEAYES. 

BELLADONNA  RADIX  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— BELLADONNA 

ROOT. 

The  leaves  and  root  of  Atropa  Belladonna,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Solanacece),  an 
herbaceous  perennial,  indigenous  to  Europe,  but  occasionally  cultivated  in 
this  country. 

Belladonna  is  an  aero-narcotic,  and  may  produce  its  characteristic  ef- 
fects when  applied  externally  as  well  as  when  taken  internally.  Among 
these  effects,  are  dilation  of  the  pupil,  with  dimness  of  vision,  redness,  dry- 
ness,  and  heat  of  the  fauces,  flushing  of  the  face,  an  efflorescence  upon  the 


BELLADONNA.  83 

skin,  and  delirium.  In  overdoses  it  is  an  active  poison.  It  owes  its  ac- 
tivity to  an  alkaloid,  named  atropia,  which  is  capable  of  producing  all  the 
effects  of  the  crude  drug. 

Belladonna  is  administered  internally  for  its  narcotic  effects  in  a  great 
variety  of  painful  affections,  and  in  some  of  a  convulsive  character.  It  is 
also  useful  in  nocturnal  incontinence  of  urine,  constipation,  etc.  Exter- 
nally it  is  applied  to  painful  tumors,  inflamed  breasts,  to  check  the  secre- 
tion of  milk,  and  is  instilled  into  the  eye  to  dilate  the  pupil  in  iritis,  and 
to  facilitate  ophthalmoscopic  examinations. 

It  is  used  by  many  as  an  antidote  to  opium. 

Dose  :  Of  the  leaves,  1  to  10  grains  ;  of  the  root,  1  to  5  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 

Emplastrum  Belladonnas  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Belladonna  Plaster. 

Take  of  Belladonna  root 16  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Resin  plaster sufficient. 

Macerate  the  belladonna  in  1  pint  of  alcohol  for  four  days,  then  per- 
colate to  2  pints,  evaporate  to  the  consistence  of  a  soft  extract,  and  add 
sufficient  resin  plaster,  previously  melted,  to  make  the  whole  weigh  16 
ounces. 

The  British  and  French  preparations  are  made  with  the  extract. 

Extractum  Belladonnas  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Extract  of  Belladonna. 
Take  of  Belladonna  leaves,  fresh 12  ounces. 

Bruise  the  leaves,  sprinkling  on  them  a  little  water,  and  express  the 
juice  ;  heat  this  to  the  boiling  point,  strain,  and  evaporate  to  the  proper 
consistence. 

Dose  :  ^  to  1  grain.  As  the  preparation  found  in  the  shops  is  of  uncer- 
tain strength,  caution  is  necessary  in  increasing  the  dose. 

The  British,  French,  and  German  extracts  are  similar  to  the  above,  and 
of  about  the  same  strength. 

Extractum  Belladonnas  Alcoholicum  (U.  S.) — Alcoholic  Extract  of 

Belladonna. 

Take  of  Belladonna  leaves 24  ounces. 

Alcohol 4  pints. 

Water 2  pints. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Mix  the  alcohol  and  water,  and  prepare  a  tincture  by  percolation,  con- 
tinuing the  process  with  diluted  alcohol  until  6  pints  are  obtained.  Evap- 
orate this,  on  a  water-bath,  to  the  proper  consistence. 


84  MEDICAL    FOKMULAEY. 

Dose  :  -J  to  %  grain.  Eather  more  reliable  than  the  preceding,  but 
still  of  uncertain  strength,  since  it  is  prepared  from  dry  leaves,  which  may 
have  undergone  deterioration  by  long  keeping. 

Extractum  Belladonnas  Radicis  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of 

Belladonna  Root. 

Take  of  Belladonna  root 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  12  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  1  of  water ;  moisten  the 
belladonna  with  4  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the 
general  formula,  page  161. 

Dose  :  1  to  5  minims. 

Suppositoria  Belladonnas  (U.  S.) — Suppositories  of  Belladonna. 

Take  of  Alcoholic  extract  of  belladonna 6  grains. 

Oil  of  theobroma , 354  grains. 

Water sufficient. 

Eub  the  extract  with  a  drop  or  two  of  water,  then  mix  it  thoroughly 
with  60  grains  of  the  oil,  add  the  remainder,  previously  melted  and  cooled 
to  95°,  and  pour  into  suitable  molds,  making  12  suppositories. 

Tinctura  Belladonnas  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Tincture  of  Belladonna. 

Take  of  Belladonna  leaves,  recently  dried 4  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 

Dose  :  15  to  30  minims. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  the  proportion  of  1  to  20  ;  the 
French  Codex,  1  to  5  ;  while  the  German  Pharmacopoeia  macerates  5  parts 
of  the  fresh  leaves  in  6  parts  of  alcohol.  The  French  Codex  also  prepares 
a  tincture  from  the  fresh  leaves. 

Unguentum  Belladonnas  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.) — Ointment  of  Belladonna. 

Take  of  Extract  of  belladonna 60  grains. 

Water £  drachm. 

Lard 420  grains. 

Rub  the  extract  first  with  the  water,  then  with  the  lard,  gradually  added. 

LINIMENT  OF  BELLADONNA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Belladonna  root 20  ounces. 

Camphor 1  ounce. 

Rectified  spirit sufficient. 

Macerate  the  belladonna  with  some  of  the  spirit  for  three  days,  then 
percolate  it  with  enough  more,  into  a  receiver  containing  the  camphor,  to 
make  20  ounces. 


BELLADONNA.  85 

This  is  one  of  the  best  of  all  belladonna  preparations,  for  external  use. 
A  number  of  other  preparations  of  belladonna  are  officinal  with   the 
French^  but  as  they  are  of  no  special  importance  they  are  omitted. 

MIXTURES  OF  BELLADONNA. 

Take  of  Extract  of  belladonna 4  grains. 

Syrup  of  opium 1  ounce. 

Syrup  of  orange  flowers 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  several  times  a  day,  in  whooping-cough. 

Trousseau  and  Pidoux. 

Take  of  Extract  of  belladonna 1  grain. 

Alum \  drachm. 

Syrup  of  ginger 1  ounce. 

Syrup  of  gum  arabic 1  ounce. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose :  1  drachm  four  times  a  day,  in  whooping-cough. 

Meigs  and  Pepper. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  belladonna 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  aconite  root 1  drachm. 

Mix.     Dose :  4  drops  in  water  every  hour  or  two.     In  ordinary  sore 
throat.  Bartholow. 

PILLS  OF  BELLADONNA. 

Take  of  Extract  of  belladonna 4  grains. 

Extract  of  stramonium 5  grains. 

Extract  of  hyoscyamus 5  grains. 

Sulphate  of  quinia 40  grains. 

Mix  and  divide  into  20  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  three  times  a  day.     In  dysmenorrhcea  of  a  neuralgic  char- 
acter, and  in  ovarian  neuralgia.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Extract  of  belladonna £  grain. 

Extract  of  gentian 4  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  Royal  Chest  Hospital. 

Take  of  Extract  of  belladonna ^  grain. 

Ipecacuanha ^  grain. 

Extract  of  taraxacum 3  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

Take  of  Extract  of  belladonna ^  grain. 

Sulphate  of  zinc 1  grain. 

Sugar  of  milk 1  grain. 

Treacle sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Ophthalmic  Hospital. 


86  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


BENZOIN  UM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— BENZOIN. 

A  resin  obtained  from  Styrax  Benzoin,  Dryander  (Nat.  ord.,  Styracece), 
a  tree  indigenous  to  Sumatra  and*  Java. 

The  best  quality  of  benzoin  occurs  in  whitish  tears,  loosely  agglutinated 
into  a  mass,  though  generally  it  is  quite  compact,  the  tears  being  imbedded 
in  a  reddish-brown  connecting  medium.  It  has  a  fragrant  odor,  and  an 
aromatic  taste.  Its  most  important  constituents  are  benzoic  acid  and 
resin,  and  to  these  it  owes  its  medicinal  effects. 

Benzoin  acts  as  a  stimulant  to  the  mucous  membranes,  and  is  occa- 
sionally employed  in  catarrhal  affections.  Externally  it  is  a  stimulant  and 
irritant,  and  is  applied  to  cracked  nipples,  fissure  of  the  anus,  etc. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains  ;  seldom  used  in  substance. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Tinctura  Benzoini  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)  —  Tincture  of  Benzoin. 

Take  of  Benzoin  .................................     6  ounces. 

Alcohol   .................................      2  pints. 

Macerate  for  seven  days,  and  filter. 

Dose  :  20  to  30  minims.     Used  chiefly  in  the  preparation  of  ointment 
of  benzoin. 


Tinctura  Benzoini  Composita  (U.  S.,  Br.)  —  Compound  Tincture  of 

Benzoin. 

Take  of  Benzoin  .........................  :  .......  3  ounces. 

Socotrine  aloes  .....................  .......  ^  ounce. 

Storax  ...................................  2  ounces. 

Balsam  of  tolu  ............................  1  ounce. 

Alcohol  ..................................  2  pints. 

Macerate  for  seven  days,  and  filter. 

Dose  :  I  to  2  drachms.     Often  used  externally. 


Unguentum  Benzoini  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)  —  Ointment  of  Benzoin. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  benzoin  .....  ...................     2  ounces. 

Lard  ....................................    16  ounces. 

Melt  the  lard  on  a  water-bath,  add  the  tincture,  constantly  stirring,  and, 
when  the  alcohol  has  evaporated,  remove  from  the  water-bath,  and  stir 
until  cold.  Benzoated  Lard  (Br.,  Fr.). 

The  addition  of  benzoin  to  lard  prevents  its  becoming  rancid,  hence 
ointment  of  benzoin  is  used  as  the  basis  of  many  other  ointments. 


BISMUTH SUBCARBONATE    OF    BISMUTH.  87 

INHALATION  OF  BENZOIN. 

Take  of  Compound  tincture  of  benzoin 1  drachm. 

Water,  at  140°  F 20  ounces. 

Mix.     The  vapor  to  be  inhaled  in  acute  inflammation  of  the  pharynx 
and  larynx.  London  Throat  Hospital. 

MIXTURE  OF  BENZOIN. 

Take  of  Compound  tincture  of  benzoin 20  minims. 

Oxymel  of  squill 30  minims. 

Wine  of  ipecacuanha 5  minims. 

Tincture  of  tolu 5  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 


BISMUTHUM  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— BISMUTH. 

Metallic  bismuth  is  not  used  medicinally.  Its  compounds  are  employed 
chiefly  in  painful  disorders  of  the  stomach  and  bowels,  their  effect  being  to 
allay  irritation,  quiet  pain,  and  neutralize  acidity. 

As  met  with  in  commerce,  bismuth  contains  a  small  proportion  of  arsenic, 
copper,  and  silver,  to  the  former  of  which,  existing  in  its  compounds  as  an 
impurity,  are  attributed,  by  some,  a  part  of  their  medicinal  effects.  For 
the  removal  of  these  impurities,  the  British  Pharmacopoeia  and  French 
Codex  direct  the  following 

PREPARATION. 

PURIFIED  BISMUTH  (Br.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Bismuth 10  ounces. 

Nitrate  of  potassium,  in  powder 2  ounces. 

Melt  the  bismuth  with  1  ounce  of  the  nitrate  in  a  crucible,  stirring  until 
the  salt  has  solidified  over  the  metal.  Then  remove  the  salt,  add  the  re- 
mainder of  the  nitrate,  and  repeat  the  process.  Finally,  pour  the  fused 
bismuth  into  a  suitable  mould. 


BISMUTHI  SUBCARBONAS  (U.  S.,  Br.)— SUBCARBONATE 

OF  BISMUTH. 

Take  of  Bismuth 2  ounces. 

Nitric  acid  (by  weight) 8£  ounces. 

Water  of  ammonia 5  ounces. 

Carbonate  of  sodium 10  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Mix  4£  ounces  of  the  nitric  acid  with  4  ounces  of  distilled  water,  add 
the  bismuth,  and  set  aside  for  twenty-four  hours.  Then  dilute  the  solution 
with  10  ounces  of  distilled  water  and,  after  twenty-four  hours,  filter.  Di- 


88  MEDICAL    FORMULAE Y. 

lute  the  filtrate  with  4  pints  of  distilled  water,  add  the  water  of  ammonia, 
previously  diluted  with  an  equal  measure  of  distilled  water,  strain,  wash 
the  precipitate  with  2  pints  of  distilled  water,  and  place  it  in  a  capacious 
vessel ;  then  add  the  remainder  of  the  nitric  acid,  and  afterward  4  ounces 
of  distilled  water.  After  twenty-four  hours,  filter. 

Dissolve  the  carbonate  of  sodium  in  12  ounces  of  distilled  water,  with 
the  aid  of  heat,  and  filter.  To  the  filtrate,  when  cold,  add  the  solution  of 
bismuth,  collect,  wash,  and  dry  the  precipitate. 

It  is  a  white,  tasteless,  and  insoluble  powder. 

Dose  :  10  to  60  grains. 

POWDERS  OF  SUBCAEBONATE  OF  BISMUTH. 

Take  of  Subcarbonate  of  bismuth 10  grains. 

Wood  charcoal 10  grains. 

Bicarbonate  of  sodium . . . . 5  grains. 

Mix.     One  dose.  University  College  Hospital. 

Take  of  Subcarbonate  of  bismuth 5  grains. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium 3  grains. 

Powdered  gum  arabic 2  grains. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

Take  of  Subcarbonate  of  bismuth 10  grains. 

Dover's  powder 10  grains. 

Mix.     One  dose.  University  College  Hospital. 


BISMUTHI  SUBNITRAS  (U.  S.  et  ai.  Ph.)— SUBNITRATE  OF 

BISMUTH. 

Take  of  Bismuth 2  ounces. 

Nitric  acid  (by  weight) 10  ounces. 

Carbonate  of  sodium 10  ounces. 

Water  of  ammonia 6  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  bismuth  in  4J  ounces  of  the  acid,  as  in  the  preceding  pro- 
cess, dilute  the  solution  in  like  manner,  and  precipitate  it  with  solution  of 
carbonate  of  sodium,  made  in  the  same  way  ;  then  dissolve  the  moist  pre- 
cipitate in  the  remainder  of  the  acid  mixed  with  4  ounces  of  water,  dilute 
the  solution,  precipitate  it  with  the  water  of  ammonia,  collect,  wash,  and 
dry  the  precipitate. 

This  process  differs  from  the  preceding  in  that  the  water  of  ammonia  is 
used  for  the  final  precipitation. 

It  is  a  heavy,  white,  tasteless,  and  insoluble  powder. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 


SUBNITRATE    OF   BISMUTH.  89 

PREPARATIONS. 

BISMUTH  LOZENGES  (Br.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Subnitrate  of  bismuth 1,440  grains. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium 4  ounces. 

Precipitated  carbonate  of  lime 6  ounces. 

Refined  sugar 29  ounces. 

Gum  arabic 1  ounce. 

Mucilage  of  gum  arabic 2  ounces. 

Rose-water sufficient. 

Mix  the  dry  ingredients,  add  the  mucilage,  form  a  proper  mass  with 
rose  water,  and  divide  into  720  lozenges. 
Dose  :  1  to  6  lozenges. 

MIXTURES  OF  SUBNITRATE  OF  BISMUTH. 

Take  of  Subnitrate  of  bismuth 2  drachms. 

Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid £  drachm. 

Mucilage  of  gum  arabic 2  ounces. 

Peppermint  water 2  ounces. 

Mix.  Dose  :  ^  ounce  three  times  a  day.  In  gastric  ulcer,  and  scirrhus 
of  the  stomach.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Subnitrate  of  bismuth 3  drachms. 

Carbolic  acid 2  to  4  grains. 

Mucilage  of  gum  arabic 1  ounce. 

Peppermint  water 3  ounces. 

Mix.  Dose  :  %  ounce  three  or  four  times  a  day.  In  vomiting  of  preg- 
nancy, acidity,  pyrosis,  and  in  the  vomiting  of  teething  children.  In  the 
case  of  children  the  dose  must,  of  course,  be  reduced  proportionately. 

Bartholow. 

Take  of  Subnitrate  of  bismuth 20  grains. 

Mucilage  of  tragacanth \  ounce. 

Tincture  of  cinnamon 10  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

Take  of  Subnitrate  of  bismuth 10  grains. 

Bicarbonate  of  sodium 10  grains. 

Compound  tragacanth  powder 10  grains. 

"Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Charing  Cross  Hospital. 

Take  of  Subnitrate  of  bismuth 80  grains. 

Camphorated  tincture  of  opium 2  drachms. 

Chalk  mixture , to  2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm,  in  diarrhoeas  of  children. 


90  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

POWDERS  OF  SUBNITRATE  or  BISMUTH. 

Take  of  Subnitrate  of  bismuth 2  drachms. 

Sulphate  of  morphia 1  grain. 

Mix  and  divide  into  6  powders. 

Dose  :  One  powder  three  times  a  day,  in  milk.     In  gastric  ulcer,  and 
scirrhus  of  the  stomach.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Subnitrate  of  bismuth 5  grains. 

Compound  powder  of  chalk  and  opium 5  grains. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Westminster  Hospital. 

Take  of  Subnitrate  of  bismuth 8  grains. 

Dried  carbonate  of  sodium 8  grains. 

Hydrochlorate  of  morphia ; -^  grain. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Guy's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Subnitrate  of  bismuth 6  drachms. 

Chromate  of  lead 10  grains. 

Carmine 5  grains. 

Vermilion 5  grains. 

Mix.     Used  as  a  dusting  powder  in  skin  diseases.      British  Skin  Hospital. 


BISMUTHI  ET  AMMONII  CITEAS— CITRATE  OF  BISMUTH 
AND  AMMONIUM. 

PREPARATION. 

Liquor  Bismuth!  et  Ammonii  Citratis  (Br.)— Solution  of  Citrate  of 
Bismuth  and  Ammonium. 

Take  of  Purified  bismuth. 430  grains. 

Nitric  acid 2  ounces. 

Citric  acid 2  ounces. 

Solution  of  ammonia sufficient. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  bismuth  in  the  nitric  acid  diluted  with  one  ounce  of  dis- 
tilled water,  heat  nearly  to  the  boiling  point  for  ten  minutes,  decant,  and 
evaporate  to  2  ounces.  Then  add  the  citric  acid  dissolved  in  4  ounces  of 
distilled  water,  and  afterward  the  solution  of  ammonia,  in  small  quantities, 
until  the  precipitate  is  redissolved,  and  the  solution  is  neutral  or  slightly 
alkaline.  Dilute  with  distilled  water  to  20  ounces. 

Dose  :  |  to  1  drachm. 

This,  and  other  soluble  compounds  of  bismuth,  are  of  doubtful  utility, 
since  the  best  effects  of  bismuth  are  produced  by  its  local,  and,  probably, 
mechanical  action  upon  the  mucous  surfaces. 


KOUSSO BROMINE.  91 


BRAYERA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— KOUSSO. 

The  flowers  and  unripe  fruit  of  Brayera  anthelmintica,  Kunth  (Nat. 
ord.,  Rosacece),  a  tree  indigenous  to  Abyssinia. 

The  dried  flowers  occur  in  clusters  of  a  light  brown  or  yellowish  color, 
of  a  fragrant  odor,  and  a  taste  which  is  at  first  faint,  but  afterward  acrid 
and  unpleasant. 

KOUSSO  is  one  of  the  best  remedies  for  tape-worm. 

Dose  ;  2  to  4  drachms. 


PREPARATION. 

INFUSION  OF  KOUSSO  (Br.). 

Take  of  KOUSSO  in  coarse  powder £  ounce. 

Boiling  water 8  ounces. 

Infuse  in  a  covered  vessel  for  fifteen  minutes,  without  straining. 
Dose  :  4  to  8  ounces,  taken  with  the  dregs. 


BROMIN1UM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— BROMINE. 

A  non-metallic  element  which  exists  in  sea  water  and  the  waters  of  some 
saline  springs.  It  is  a  volatile  liquid  of  a  dark  red  color,  a  caustic  taste, 
and  a  very  disagreeable  odor. 

Bromine,  in  its  medicinal  effects,  bears  some  analogy  to  iodine,  and  is 
used  as  an  alterative  in  scrofula,  bronchocele,  cutaneous  diseases,  etc.  In 
combination  with  potassium,  sodium,  etc..  in  the  form  of  bromides,  it  has 
a  powerful,  quieting  effect  upon  the  nervous  system.  Externally,  in  solu- 
tion, it  is  one  of  the  best  applications  for  foul  or  gangrenous  ulcers  and 
wounds,  and  especially  hospital  gangrene. 

Dose  :  ^  to  2  grains,  in  a  large  quantity  of  water. 

SOLUTION  OF  BROMINE. 

Take  of  Bromine  (by  weight) 1  ounce. 

Bromide  of 'potassium 160  grains. 

Distilled  water 4  ounces. 

Dissolve  the  bromide  in  2  ounces  of  the  water,  add  the  bromine,  agitate, 
and  finally  add  the  remainder  of  the  water. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  minims.     Chiefly  externally.  t  J.  Lawrence  Smith. 


92  MEDICAL    FOEMULARY. 


BEYONIA  (Fr.)— BEYOXY. 

The  root  of  Bryonia  alba,  L.,  and  of  B.  dioica,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Cucurbita- 
cece),  an  herbaceous  perennial  indigenous  to  Europe. 

Bryony  is  an  active  hydragogue  cathartic  and  diuretic,  and  has  long 
been  used  in  dropsies.  It  has  also  been  employed  with  good  effect  in 
pleurisy,  pericarditis,  rheumatism,  etc. 

PREPARATION. 

TINCTURE  OF  BEYONY. 

Take  of  Bryony  root 1  ounce. 

Diluted  alcohol 9  ounces. 

Prepare  a  tincture  by  maceration. 
Dose  :  3  to  10  minims. 


BUCHU  (IT.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— BUCHU  LEAVES. 

The  leaves  of  Barosma  betulina,  Bartling,  B.  crenulata,  Hooker,  and  B. 
serratifolia,  Willd.  (Nat.  ord.,  Rutacece],  erect  shrubs  indigenous  to  South 
Africa. 

Buchu  leaves  have  a  strong,  aromatic  odor,  a  bitterish,  mint-like  taste, 
and  act  as  a  stimulant  to  the  mucous  membranes,  especially  of  the  genito- 
urinary tract.  Used  in  chronic  nephritis,  cystitis,  urethritis,  incontinence 
and  retention  of  urine,  etc. 

Dose  :  20  to  30  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  Buchu  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Buchu. 

Take  of  Buchu 16  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  buchu  with  6  ounces  of  alcohol,  and  proceed  according  to 
the  general  formula,  page  161. 

Dose :  20  to  30  minims.  This  preparation  is  generally  less  efficient 
than  the  infusion. 

Infusum  Buchu  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Infusion  of  Buchu. 

Take  of  Buchu 1  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Macerate  for  two  hours  in  a  covered  vessel,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 


COFFEE CAFFEIN.  93 

TINCTURE  OF  BUCHU  (Br.). 

Tak§  of  Buchu  leaves 2-J-  ounces. 

Proof  spirit 20  ounces. 

Macerate  the  buchu  for  forty-eight  hours  in  15  ounces  of  the  spirit, 
then  percolate  with  the  remainder  and  enough  more  to  make  20  ounces. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 

MIXTURES  OF  BUCHU. 

Take  of  Infusion  of  buchu 1  ounce. 

Tincture  of  henbane 12  minims. 

Mucilage 2  drachms. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Royal  Free  Hospital. 

Take  of  Infusion  of  buchu !£•  ounce. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium 10  grains. 

Tincture  of  henbane 15  minims. 

Mix.     One  dose.  St.  Thomas's  Hospital. 


CAFFEA  (U.  S.,  Fr.)— COFFEE. 

The  seeds  of  Caffea  Arabica,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Svbiaoeat),  a  small  tree  indi- 
genous to  Africa,  but  widely  cultivated  in  tropical  countries. 

Coffee  is  a  nervous  stimulant,  its  effect  being  due  to  a  neutral  principle 
termed  caffeinum.  It  is  used  in  certain  forms  of  nervous  headache,  and  to 
counteract  the  effects  of  poisonous  doses  of  opium. 

Dose  :  20  to  40  grains. 


CAFFELSTUM— CAFFEIK 

Obtained  by  precipitating  a  decoction  of  coffee  with  acetate  of  lead,  fil- 
tering, removing  the  excess  of  lead  with  sulphuretted  hydrogen,  neutral- 
izing with  ammonia,  evaporating,  and  recrystallizing. 

It  is  in  white,  silky  crystals  of  a  slightly  bitter  taste,  and  soluble  in  58 
parts  of  water. 

Dose  :  1  to  5  grains. 

CITRATE  OF  CAFFEIN. 

Obtained  by  saturating  a  solution  of  citric  acid  with  caffein,  evaporating, 
and  crystallizing.     It  is  much  more  soluble  than  caffein. 
Dose  :  1  to  5  grains. 


94  MEDICAL    FOKMULARY. 


CALAMUS   (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— CALAMUS— SWEET  FLAG. 

The  rhizome  of  Acorus  calamus,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Araceoe),  an  herbaceous 
perennial  indigenous  to  North  America. 

Sweet  flag  has  a  fragrant  odor,  and  a  warm,  aromatic  taste.  It  is  an 
aromatic  stimulant,  and  is  used  in  dyspepsia,  and  as  an  adjunct  to  other 
more  active  remedies. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

EXTRACT  OF  CALAMUS  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Calamus 2  parts. 

•     Alcohol 9  parts. 

Water 9  parts. 

Digest  the  calamus  twenty-four  hours  in  6  parts  each  of  alcohol  and 
water,  and  express.  Treat  the  residue  in  like  manner  with  the  remainder 
of  the  alcohol  and  water,  and  evaporate  the  mixed  and  filtered  liquids  to  a 
thick  extract. 

TINCTURE  OF  CALAMUS  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Calamus 1  part. 

Diluted  alcohol 5  parts. 

Macerate  eight  days  and  filter. 


C  ALCIUM— C  ALCI UM. 
CALCII  BKOMIDUM— BKOMIDE  OF  CALCIUM. 

Prepared  by  saturating  hydrobromic  acid  with  pure  carbonate  of  lime, 
and  evaporating  the  solution  to  dryness. 

It  is  a  whitish,  granular  salt,  of  a  sharp,  bitter  taste,  and  freely  soluble 
in  water. 

It  produces  essentially  the  same  effects  as  the  other  bromides,  and  is 
used,  like  them,  in  insomnia,  epilepsy,  hysteria,  infantile  convulsions,  etc. 

Dose  :  5  to  30  grains. 

MIXTURE  OF  BROMIDE  OF  CALCIUM. 

Take  of  Bromide  of  calcium 1  ounce. 

Syrup  of  lacto-phosphate  of  lime 4  ounces. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  drachm  three  times  a  day  in  a  little  water,  in  epileptic 
cases.  National  Dispensatory. 


PRECIPITATED    CARBONATE    OF    LIME.  95 

CALCII  CARBONAS  PIkECIPITATA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— PRE- 
CIPITATED  CARBONATE  OF  CALCIUM— PRECIPL 
TATED  CARBONATE  OF  LIME. 

Take  of  Solution  of  chloride  of  calcium 5£  pints. 

Carbonate  of  sodium 72.  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  carbonate  in  6  pints  of  distilled  water,  heat  this  and  the 
solution  of  calcium  to  the  boiling  point,  and  mix  them.  Decant  the  clear 
liquid,  wash  the  precipitate  with  boiling  distilled  water,  and  dry  it  on  bib- 
ulous paper. 

It  is  a  fine  white  powder,  tasteless,  and  insoluble. 

In  this  connection  will  be  considered  : 

Creta  Praeparata  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Prepared  Chalk. 

Take  of  chalk  a  convenient  quantity.  Add  a  little  water  to  the  chalk, 
and  rub  it  into  a  fine  powder.  Throw  this  into  a  vessel  of  water,  stir 
briskly,  and  after  a  short  interval  decant  into  another  vessel  the  superna- 
tant liquid,  while  yet  turbid.  Treat  the  coarser  particles  of  chalk  remain- 
ing in  the  first  vessel  in  a  similar  manner,  and  add  the  turbid  liquid  to  that 
previously  decanted.  Lastly,  let  the  powder  subside,  and  having  poured 
off  the  water,  dry  it. 

Either  of  the  above  preparations  may  be  employed  when  the  effects  of 
chalk  are  desired. 

Chalk  is  an  absorbent,  astringent,  and  antacid.  It  is  one  of  the  best 
astringents  in  nearly  all  forms  of  dian*hoea,  but  especially  in  those  accom- 
panied with  acidity  of  the  intestinal  secretions.  It  is  also  employed  in 
dyspepsia,  gout,  etc.  Externally  it  is  employed  as  an  absorbent  powder  in 
cutaneous  diseases. 

Dose  :  10  to  40  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Mistura  Cretae  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Chalk  Mixture. 

Take  of  Prepared  chalk £  ounce. 

Glycerin -J-  ounce. 

Gum  arabic 120  grains. 

Cinnamon  water 4  ounces. 

Water 4  ounces. 

Rub  the  chalk  and  gum  with  the  water  gradually  added  ;  then  add  the 
other  ingredients  and  mix. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 


96  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Trochisci  CretaB  (U.  S.)— Troches  of  Chalk. 

Take  of  Prepared  chalk 4  ounces. 

Gum  arable 1  ounce. 

Nutmeg 60  grains. 

Sugar 6  ounces. 

Mix  thoroughly,  then  with  water  form  a  mass,  and  divide  into  480 
troches. 


AROMATIC  POWDER  OF  CHALK  (Br.). 

Take  of  Cinnamon 4  ounces. 

Nutmeg 3  ounces. 

Saffron „  3  ounces. 

Cloves ^  . . . .  1£  ounce. 

Cardamom  seeds 1  ounce. 

Kenned  sugar 25  ounces. 

Prepared  chalk 11  ounces. 

Mix  thoroughly,  pass  the  powder  through  a  fine  sieve,  and  finally  rub 
in  a  mortar. 

Dose  :  10  to  60  grains. 

AROMATIC  POWDER  OF  CHALK  AND  OPIUM  (Br.). 

Take  of  Aromatic  powder  of  chalk 9f  ounces. 

Opium £  ounce. 

Mix  thoroughly. 
Dose  :  10  to  40  grains. 

COMPOUND  MIXTURES  OF  CHALK. 
Take  of  Tincture  of  opium 1  drachm. 

Tincture  of  catechu 3  drachms. 

Chalk  mixture 3J  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose :  £  ounce  every  three  hours,  in  diarrhoea. 

Take  of  Chalk  mixture ^  ounce. 

Tincture  of  catechu 30  minims. 

Decoction  of  logwood to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  King's  College  Hospital. 


CALCII   CHLORIDUM  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr. )— CHLORIDE  OF  CAL- 
CIUM. 

Prepared  by  neutralizing  hydrochloric  acid  with  carbonate  of  lime, 
evaporating  and  fusing  the  product.  It  is  in  dry,  white  masses,  which  are 
very  deliquescent.  It  is  alterative  and  resolvent,  and  has  been  used  with 
success  in  scrofulous  swellings  of  the  glands,  ovarian  and  fibroid  tumors, 
and  in  various  skin  diseases. 

Dose  :  10  to  20  grains. 


HYPOPHOSPHITE    OF    CALCIUM-SULPHIDE    OF    CALCIUM.         97 

PREPARATIONS. 
Liquor  Calcii  Chloridi  (U.-S:)— Solution  of  Chloride  of  Calcium. 

Take  of  Chloride  of  calcium sufficient. 

Dissolve  in  one  and  a  half  times  its  weight  of  distilled  water,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  30  to  60  minims. 


CALCII   HYPOPHOSPHIS  (U.  S.,  Br.)— HYPOPHOSPHITE 

OF   CALCIUM. 

Prepared  by  boiling  phosphorus  with  milk  of  lime,  filtering  and  evapo- 
rating the  product.  It  is  a  white,  crystalline  salt,  of  a  bitter  and  nauseous 
taste.  Used  in  phthisis,  caries  of  the  bones,  scrofula,  and  other  wasting 
diseases. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 

MIXTURE  OF  HYPOPHOSPHITE  OF  CALCIUM. 
Take  of  Hypophosphite  of  calcium 3  grains. 

Saccharated  solution  of  lime 10  minims. 

Glycerin 20  minims. 

Camphor  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  London  Chest  Hospital. 


CALCII  PHOSPHAS  PK^ECIPITATA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— PRE- 
CIPITATED PHOSPHATE  OF  CALCIUM. 

Calcined  bone  is  macerated  in  hydrochloric  acid  until  dissolved,  the 
solution  filtered,  and  precipitated  with  water  of  ammonia.  The  precipi- 
tate is  then  washed  with  boiling  distilled  water,  and  dried.  It  is  a  white, 
amorphous  powder,  without  odor  or  taste.  It  is  used  for  the  same  pur- 
poses as  the  hypophosphite,  in  wasting  diseases,  rachitis  and  ununited 
fractures. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 

SYRUP  OF  LACTO-PHOSPHATE  OF  LIME. 

A  solution  of  calcium  phosphate  in  lactic  acid  and  syrup,  containing,  in 
1  ounce,  16  grains  of  calcium  phosphate  and  33  grains  of  lactic  acid. 

Hospital  Formulary. 

CALCII   SULPHIDUM  (Fr.)— SULPHIDE  OF  CALCIUM. 

Take  of  Sulphur 10  parts. 

Lime 30  parts. 

Water 50  parts. 

Mix  thoroughly,  and  boil  until  a  small  portion  placed  upon  a  cold  sur- 
face becomes  solid  in  cooling.     Then  turn  the  mass  upon  a  marble  slab, 
and  when  cool,  break  into  pieces,  and  preserve  in  well-stopped  bottles. 
7 


98  MEDICAL    FOEMULARY. 

Sulphide  of  calcium  appears  to  prevent  and  arrest  suppuration.  Dr. 
Sidney  Binger  extols  it  as  a  remedy  for  furuncular  and  glandular  inflam- 
mations, etc.;  and  more  recently,  Dr.  Samuel  Sexton  writes  that  he  employs 
it  with  great  satisfaction  in  nearly  all  cases  where  inflammation  of  the  ex- 
ternal meatus  of  the  ear  is  a  symptom,  but  especially  in  those  where  sup- 
puration has  occurred,  or  threatens  to  occur. 

Dose  :  ^L-  to  1  grain.  It  may  be  conveniently  administered  in  the  form 
of  a  trituration  :  1  part  of  the  sulphide  with  9  parts  of  sugar  of  milk. 

PILLS  OF  SULPHIDE  or  CALCIUM. 

Take  of  Sulphide  of  calcium 10  grains. 

Compound  tragacanth  powder 30  grains. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  and  divide  into  30  pills.  University  College  Hospital. 

These  pills  should  be  used  while  fresh,  as  the  salt  speedily  undergoes 
change. 

CALX  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— LIME. 

Prepared  from  carbonate  of  lime,  by  calcination.  Chalk,  marble,  or  even 
any  common  limestone  may  be  used. 

Lime  is  in  white,  or  grayish-white  masses,  the  color  depending  upon  the 
relative  purity  of  the  stone  employed,  and  of  a  caustic,  alkaline  taste.  When 
exposed  to  the  air,  it  absorbs  moisture  and  falls  into  powder,  forming  a 
hydrate  (slaked  lime).  The  same  effect  is  rapidly  produced  by  pouring 
water  upon  it. 

Unslaked  lime  acts  as  a  caustic,  and,  with  arsenic,  forms  the  arsenical 
paste  formerly  much  used  for  the  destruction  of  cancerous  and  other  tumors. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Linimentum  Calcis  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Liniment  of  Lime. 

Take  of  Solution  of  lime 8  ounces. 

Flaxseed  oil  (by  weight) 7  ounces. 

Mix. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  employs  equal  parts  of  lime  water  and.  olive 
oil ;  the  French  Codex,  9  parts  of  lime  water  with  1  part  of  oil  of  sweet 
almonds. 

Used  as  an  application  to  burns  and  scalds,  the  surface  being  thickly 
coated  with  it,  and  then  covered  with  cotton  wool.  Commonly  known  as 
carron  oil. 

Liquor  Calcis  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Solution  of  Lime— Lime  Water. 

Take  of  Lime 4  ounces. 

Distilled  water 8  pints. 

Slake  the  lime  with  a  little  of  the  water,  then  pour  on  the  remainder, 
and  stir  them  together.  Keep  the  solution,  together  with  the  undissolved 
lime,  in  well-stopped  bottles. 


CHLORINATED    LIME.  99 

Lime  water  is  an  antacid  and  astringent.     Much  used  in  acid  indiges- 
tion, diarrhoea,  vomiting,  etc. 
Dose  :  2  to  4  ounces. 

SACCHARATED  SOLUTION  OF  LTMF,  (Br.). 

Take  of  Slaked  lime 1  ounce. 

Refined  sugar 2  ounces. 

Distilled  water '. 20  ounces. 

Triturate  the  lime  and  sugar  together,  transfer  the  mixture  to  a  bottle 
containing  the  water,  shake  occasionally  for  a  few  hours,  and  then  draw  off 
the  clear  liquid  with  a  siphon. 

Dose  :  15  to  60  minims. 

LOTIONS  OF  LIME. 

Take  of  Lime  water 1  ounce. 

Oil  of  almonds 1  drachm. 

Mix.  British  Shin  Hospital. 

Take  of  Bicarbonate  of  sodium 6  grains. 

Glycerin 10  minims. 

Lime  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.  Westminster  Hospital. 


CALX  CHLOKINATA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CHLOKINATED  LIME. 

Prepared  by  exposing  slaked  lime  to  chlorine  gas  as  long  as  it  is 
absorbed. 

It  is  a  whitish  powder,  with  the  odor  of  chlorine.  It  is  used  chiefly  as 
a  disinfectant  and  deodorizer,  being  applied  in  solution  to  ulcers,  burns, 
etc.  It  has  been  employed  internally  in  typhus,  typhoid,  and  scarlet  fevers, 
and  in  other  contagious  and  infectious  diseases. 

Dose  :  3  to  6  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

SOLUTION  OF  CHLORINATED  LIME  (Br.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Chlorinated  lime 1  pound. 

Distilled  water 1  gallon. 

Triturate  well  together,  transfer  to  a  bottle,  shake  occasionally  for  three 
hours,  then  filter. 

LOTION  OF  CHLORINATED  LDIE. 

Take  of  Solution  of  chlorinated  lime %  ounce. 

Water to  10  ounces. 

Mix.  Middlesex  Hospital. 


100  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


CALENDULA—MARIGOLD. 

The  leaves  and  flowers  of  Calendula  officinalis,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Composi- 
tce),  an  annual  herb  indigenous  to  the  Old  World,  but  in  common  cultiva- 
tion here  for  ornament. 

Calendula  was  anciently  held  in  high  esteem,  but  has  fallen  into  disre- 
pute. It  was  considered  stimulant,  antispasmodic,  sudorific,  diuretic,  and 
emmenagogue,  and  was  used  in  hysterical  and  dropsical  affections,  and 
topically  as  a  dressing  for  wounds,  ulcers,  etc. 

Dose  :  £  to  1  drachm. 

PREPARATION. 

TINCTURE  OF  CALENDULA. 

Take  of  Fresh  calendula 1  part. 

Alcohol 5  parts. 

Macerate  two  weeks  and  filter. 

Dose  :  -J  to  2  drachms.  Diluted  with  twenty  parts  of  water,  it  is  used 
externally. 


CALUMBA  (IT.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— COLUMBO. 

The  root  of  Jateorrhiza  palmata,  Miers  (Nat.  ord.,  Menispermacece) ,  an 
herbaceous  climbing  plant,  with  large,  perennial  roots,  indigenous  to 
Eastern  Africa. 

Columbo  occurs  in  commerce  in  transverse  slices,  an  inch  or  more  in 
diameter,  and  a  quarter  or  half  inch  thick,  of  a  yellowish  color,  and  an 
aromatic,  persistent,  bitter  taste.  It  is  a  pure,  bitter  tonic,  without  astrin- 
gency,  and  is  used  in  atonic  dyspepsia,  diarrhoea,  dysentery,  and  convales- 
cence from  acute  diseases  generally.  It  is  usually  acceptable  to  the  stom- 
ach when  nearly  all  other  bitters  disagree. 

Dose  :  15  to  30  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum  Calumbse  Fluidum   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Fluid  Extract  of 

Columbo. 

Take  of  Columbo 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 2  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water  . ; sufficient. 

Mix  the  glycerin  with  14  ounces  of  alcohol,  moisten  the  columbo  with 
4  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general  formula, 
page  161. 

Dose  :  15  to  30  minims. 


CAMPHOK.  101 

Infusum  Calumbae  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Infusion  of  Columbo. 

Take  of  Columbo -J-  ounce. 

AVater sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  1  pint,  then  heat  to  the  boiling  point, 
and  strain.  Or,  macerate  the  columbo  in  a  pint  of  boiling  water  for  two 
hours,  and  strain. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces.     Often  used  as  a  vehicle  for  other  tonics,  etc. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  to  macerate  \  ounce  of  columbo, 
for  one  hour,  in  10  ounces  of  cold  water. 

Tinctura  Calumbae  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— Tincture  of  Columbo. 

Take  of  Columbo 4  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms.  V 

EXTRACT  OF  COLUMBO  (Br.,  Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Columbo 1  pound. 

Distilled  water 4  pints  (imp.). 

Macerate  the  columbo  with  2  pints  of  water,  for  twelve  hours,  strain  and 
press  ;  macerate  again  with  the  same  quantity  of  water,  strain  and  press 
as  before  ;  mix  the  liquors,  filter,  and  evaporate  on  a  water-bath  to  the 
proper  consistence. 

Dose :  2  to  10  grains. 

.The  French  and  German  preparations  are  alcoholic  extracts. 

MIXTURES  OF  COLUMBO. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  columbo » 15  drachms. 

Deodorized  tincture  of  opium 1  drachm. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  drachm  in  a  wineglass  of  water  before  meals,  in  indi- 
gestion attended  with  diarrhoea.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Bicarbonate  of  sodium 10  grains. 

Tincture  of  orange 30  minims. 

Infusion  of  columbo to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital. 


CAMPHORA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CAMPHOK. 

A  concrete,  volatile  substance  obtained  by  steaming  the  wood  of  Cam- 
phora  officinarum,  C.  Bauhin  (Nat.  ord.,  Lauracece),  a  large  tree  indigenous  to 
China  and  Japan,  but  cultivated  elsewhere  in  tropical  and  subtropical 


102  MEDICAL    FOKMULAKY. 

Camphor  occurs  in  crystalline,  translucent  masses,  of  a  characteristic 
odor  and  taste,  slightly  soluble  in  water,  but  freely  so  in  alcohol,  ether, 
chloroform,  volatile  and  fixed  oils. 

Camphor  is  stimulant,  antispasmodic,  diaphoretic,  and  anod}Tne.  Used 
in  typhus  and  typhoid  fevers,  and  typhoid  conditions  generally,  also  in 
strangury,  chordee,  dysmenorrhcea,  nervous  and  mental  affections,  etc. 
Applied  externally,  it  is  at  first  irritant,  afterward  anodyne.  Few  reme- 
dies, indeed,  have  a  wider  range  of  usefulness. 

Dose :  1  to  10  grains.  It  may  be  reduced  to  powder  for  administration 
by  triturating  it  with  a  few  drops  of  alcohol. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Aqua  Camphorae  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— Camphor  Water. 

Take  of  Camphor 120  grains. 

Alcohol 40  minims. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium £  ounce. 

Distilled  water 2  pints. 

Bub  the  camphor  with  the  alcohol,  then  with  the  carbonate  of  magne- 
sium, and  lastly  with  the  water,  gradually  added  ;  then  filter. 

Dose  :  2  to  8  drachms. 

The  processes  of  the  British  Pharmacopoeia  and  the  French  Codex  differ 
from  the  above,  though  they  obtain  substantially  the  same  result — a  satu- 
rated solution  of  camphor  in  water. 

Linimentum  Camphorae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Liniment  of  Camphor. 

Take  of  Camphor 3  ounces. 

Olive  oil  (by  weight) 12  ounces. 

Dissolve. 

The  French  and  German  preparations,  termed  Camphorated  Oil,  are 
made  in  the  proportion  of  1  to  9. 

Spiritus  Camphorae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Spirit  of  Camphor. 

Take  of  Camphor 4  ounces. 

Alcohol 2  pints. 

Dissolve  and  filter. 
Dose  :  5  to  60  minims. 

AMMONIATED  CAMPHOR  LINIMENT  (Ger.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Camphorated  oil 4  parts. 

Water  of  ammonia 1  part. 

Mix  thoroughly. 

The  French  Codex  directs  the  proportion  of  9  to  1. 


CAMPHOR.  103 

COMPOUND  LINIMENT  OF  CAMPHOR  (Br.). 

Take  of  Camphor 2£  ounces. 

Oil  of  lavender 1  drachm. 

Strong  solution  of  ammonia 5  ounces. 

Rectified  spirit 15  ounces. 

Dissolve  the  camphor  and  the  oil  in  the  spirit,  then  add  the  solution 
of  ammonia  gradually,  shaking  well  together. 

OINTMENT  OF  CAMPHOR  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Camphor 3  parts. 

White  wax 1  part. 

Lard 9  parts. 

Melt  the  lard  and  wax  together,  add  the  camphor,  and  stir  while  cool- 
ing. 

WINE  OF  CAMPHOR  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Camphor 1  part. 

Gum  arabic 1  part. 

White  wine 48  parts. 

Rub  the   camphor    and  gum  together,  and   then  gradually   add  the 
wine. 

Dose  :  ^  to  1  drachm. 

LINIMENTS  OF  CAMPHOR  WITH  CANTHARIDES. 

Take  of  Liniment  of  camphor 14^  drachms. 

Tincture  of  opium 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  cantharides 3^  drachms. 

Mix.  Women's  Hospital,  London. 

Take  of  Spirit  of  camphor 1  part. 

Vinegar  of  cantharides 1  part. 

Acetic  acid '. .  .     1  part. 

Mix.  Royal  Chest  Hospital. 

MIXTURES  OF  CAMPHOR. 

Take  of  Camphor  water 3  ounces. 

Compound  tincture  of  lavender 1  ounce. 

Tincture  of  opium ; 1  to  2  drachms. 

Mix.     Dose  :  ^  ounce  every  hour  or  two.     In  summer  diarrhoea. 

Bartholow. 

Take  of  Spirit  of  camphor 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  capsicum 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  opium 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  ginger 2  drachms. 

Mix.     Dose  :  20  to  40  minims  every  two  or  three  hours,  in  diarrhoea. 


104  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Take  of  Camphor  water 2  ounces. 

Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium 2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  £  ounce  every  two  hours.     To  quiet  the  restlessness,  de- 
lirium, etc.,  of  fevers.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Spirit  of  ether %  drachm. 

Camphor  water to  I  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  London  Hospital. 

PELLS  OF  CAMPHOK. 

Take  of  Camphor 3  grams. 

Extract  of  henbane 2  grains. 

Alcohol 1  drop. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Hospital. 

Take  of  Camphor 2  grains. 

Opium ^  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Camphor 1  grain. 

Opium 1  grain. 

Extract  of  hops sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

Take  of  Camphor 40  grains. 

Lactucarium 40  grains. 

Mix  and  divide  into  20  pills. 

Dose  :  2  pills  at  bedtime.     For  chordee.  Eicord. 

Take  of  Camphor 30  grains. 

Opium 10  grains. 

Mix  and  divide  into  10  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill.     For  chordee.  Eicord. 


CAMPHOEA    MCMOBROMATA— MOISTOBKOMATED    CAM- 
PHOR. 

Prepared  by  submitting  camphor  to  the  action  of  bromine,  with  gentle 
heat,  dissolving  the  product  in  warm  petroleum  benzin,  and  crystallizing. 
It  is  in  colorless,  acicular  crystals,  of  a  camphoraceous  odor  and  taste.  Used 
in  epilepsy,,  hysteria,  delirium  tremens,  priapism,  incontinence  of  urine, 
convulsions,  etc.  It  has  little,  if  any,  advantage  over  the  bromides  of  po- 
tassium, sodium,  etc. 

Dose  :  2  to  6  grains,  in  pill  or  suspended  in  syrup  or  mucilage. 


WILD    CINNAMON INDIAN    HEMP.  105 


CANELLA  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— CANELLA— WILD  CINNAMON. 

The  bark  of  Canella  alba,  Murray  (Nat.  ord.,  Canellacece),  a  tree  indige- 
nous to  the  West  Indies. 

Canella  bark  is  an  aromatic  stimulant  and  tonic,  but  is  seldom  employed 
except  as  an  adjunct  to  other  more  efficient  drugs. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains.     (See  Powder  of  Aloes  and  Canella.) 

AROMATIC  POWDER  OF  CAXELLA. 

Take  of  Canella 1  part. 

Ginger 1  part. 

•  Long  pepper 1  part. 

Mix.     Dose  :  5  to  10  grains.  St.  George's  Hospital. 


CANNABIS  AMEKICANA  (U.  S.)— AMERICAN  HEMP. 
CANNABIS   INDICA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— INDIAN  HEMP. 

The  flowering  tops  of  Cannabis  sativa,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Urticacece),  an  an- 
nual herb  indigenous  to  India,  but  cultivated  and  naturalized  in  this  coun- 
try. American  hemp,  though  specifically  the  same  plant  as  the  Indian, 
differs  from  it  in  being  less  active,  doubtless  owing  to  climatic  influences. 
.  By  evaporating  alcoholic  tinctures  of  hemp-tops,  extracts  are  obtained 
which  represent  the  active  properties  of  the  plant. 

Cannabis  is  narcotic,  anodyne,  and  antispasmodic.  It  has  been  used 
successfully  in  traumatic  tetanus,  in  chorea,  hysteria,  neuralgia,  and  a  va- 
riety of  nervous  diseases.  Though  less  certain  than  opium  as  a  hypnotic, 
it  has  the  advantage  of  not  producing  as  unpleasant  after-effects. 

Dose  :  Of  the  powdered  drug,  2  to  20  grains ;  but  it  is  seldom  adminis- 
tered in  this  form. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extract  urn    Cannabis    Americanae     (U.    S.) — Extract   of  American 

Hemp. 
Extraetum  Cannabis   Indices    (U.   S.    et   al.  Ph.) — Extract  of  Indian 

Hemp. 

Take  of  American  (or  Indian)  hemp 12  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Macerate  the  hemp  in  12  ounces  of  alcohol  for  four  days,  then  perco- 
late until  2  pints  are  obtained,  or  the  hemp  is  exhausted.  Evaporate  this 
on  a  water-bath  to  a  proper  consistence. 

Dose  :  Of  American  hemp,  £  grain  ;  of  Indian  hemp,  i  to  ^  grain. 


106  MEDICAL   FORMULARY. 

\ 

Tinctura  Cannabis  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.) — Tincture  of  Hemp. 

Take  of  Extract  of  Indian  hemp 360  grains . 

Alcohol 1  pint. 

Dissolve  and  filter. 
Dose  :  5  to  15  minims. 

MIXTURES  OF  HEMP. 
Take  of  Tincture  of  hemp 10  minima 

Spirit  of  peppermint 1  minim. 

Water 1  drachm. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Hospital  Formulary. 

Take  of  Extract  of  hemp 1  grain. 

Ether 15  minims. 

Camphor  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  London  Fever  Hospital. 

PILLS  OF  HEMP. 
Take  of  Extract  of  hemp \  grain. 

Liquorice sufficient. 

Mucilage sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

Take  of  Extract  of  hemp J  grain. 

Extract  of  gentian 2  grains. 

Bread  mass 1  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  Eoyal  Chest  Hospital. 


CANTHARIS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CANTIIARIDES— SPANISH 

FLIES. 

Cantharis  vesicatoria,  De  Geer  (Ord.  Coleopterd),  a  beautiful  insect,  of 
a  golden  green  color,  which  is  found  upon  trees  and  shrubs  in  most  parts 
of  Europe.  They  are  plunged  into  hot  vinegar  and  water,  or  exposed  to 
the  vapor  of  hot  vinegar,  and  then  dried  and  preserved  for  use. 

As  found  in  the  shops,  they  retain  their  natural  form  and  color,  and 
have  an  acrid,  burning  taste.  Taken  internally  they  stimulate  the  kidneys, 
and  produce  more  or  less  irritation  of  the  urinary  passages.  In  large 
doses  they  produce  strangury,  priapism,  hsematuria,  etc.,  and  in  excessive 
doses  are  an  active  poison. 

Applied  externally  they  vesicate,  and  may  also  produce  their  constitu- 
tional effects. 

Internally,  cantharides  are  employed  in  incontinence  of  urine,  sperma- 
torrhoea, gleet,  etc.  ;  externally,  as  a  vesicant  and  rubefacient  in  a  great 
variety  of  cases. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  grains. 


CANTHAEIDES.  107 

PREPARATIONS. 
Qeratum  Cantharidis  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Cantharides  Cerate. 

Take  of  Cantharides 12  ounces. 

Yellow  wax 7  ounces. 

Resin 7  ounces. 

Lard 10  ounces. 

To  the  wax,  resin,  and  lard,  previously  melted  together  and  strained, 
add  the  Cantharides,  and,  by  means  of  a  water-bath,  keep  the  mixture  in  a 
liquid  state  for  half  an  hour,  stirring  occasionally.  Then  remove  from  the 
water-bath,  and  stir  until  cold. 

Termed  Cantharides  plaster  by  the  European  Pharmacopoeias. 
It  is  the  common  blistering  cerate,  or  fly-blister. 
The  following  is  a  more  elegant  preparation  : 

Ceratum  Extract!  Cantharidis  (U.  S.) — Cerate  of  Extract  of  Cantha- 
rides. 

Take  of  Cantharides 5  ounces. 

Resin 3  ounces. 

Yellow  wax 6  ounces. 

Lard 7  ounces. 

Stronger  alcohol 2|-  pints,  or  sufficient. 

Exhaust  the  cantharides  with  the  alcohol,  and  evaporate  the  tincture  to 
an  extract.  Mix  this  with  the  resin,  wax,  and  lard,  previously  melted  to- 
gether, keep  the  mixture  at  a  temperature  of  212°  for  fifteen  minutes, 
strain,  and  stir  until  cool. 

Charta  Cantharidis  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Cantharides  Paper. 

Take  of  White  wax 4  ounces. 

Spermaceti 1^  ounce. 

Olive  oil  (by  weight) 2  ounces. 

Canada  turpentine £  ounce. 

Cantharides £  ounce. 

Water 5  ounces. 

Mix  all  together  and  boil  gently  for  two  hours,  constantly  stirring,  and 
strain.  Then  coat  strips  of  paper  on  one  side,  by  passing  them  over  the 
surface  of  the  melted  liquid. 

CoUodium  cum  Cantharide  (U.  S.)— Collodion  with  Cantharides— Can- 

tharidal  Collodion. 

Take  of  Cantharides 8  ounces. 

Pyroxylon 100  grains. 

Canada  turpentine 320  grains. 

Castor  oil 160  grains. 

Stronger  ether H  Pm*- 

Stronger  alcohol sufficient. 

Percolate  the  cantharides  with  the  ether  until  15  ounces  have  passed, 
then  with  sufficient  alcohol  to  obtain  4-  pint  more.  Allow  this  last  to 


108  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

evaporate  spontaneously  until  reduced  to  1  ounce,  then  mix  it  with  the 
first  portion,  add  the  other  ingredients,  and  agitate  until  dissolved. 
An  admirable  preparation,  blistering  with  rapidity  and  certainty. 

Linimentum  Cantharidis  (U.  S.) — Liniment  of  Cantharides. 

Take  of  Cantharides 1  ounce. 

Oil  of  turpentine ^  pint. 

Digest  for  three  hours  on  a  water-bath,  and  strain. 

•     Tinetura  Cantharidis  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Tincture  of  Cantharides. 

Take  of  Cantharides 1  ounce. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose :  5  to  20  minims. 

More  than  double  the  strength  of  the  British  preparation,  and  only 
about  one- third  of  that  of  the  French  and  German. 

Unguentum  Cantharidis  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.) — Ointment  of  Cantharides. 

Take  of  Cantharides  cerate 120  grains. 

Resin  cerate , 360  grains. 

Mix. 

BLISTERING  LIQUID  (Br.). 

Take  of  Cantharides 8  ounces. 

Acetic  acid 4  ounces. 

Ether sufficient. 

Mix  the  cantharides  and  acid,  and,  after  twenty-four  hours,  percolate 
with  the  ether  until  20  ounces  are  obtained. 

EXTRACT  or  CANTHARIDES  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Cantharides 1  part. 

Alcohol  (60  per  cent.) 8  parts. 

Prepare  a  tincture  by  maceration,  and  evaporate  it  to  the  proper  con- 
sistence. 

VINEGAR  OF  CANTHARIDES  (Br.). 

Take  of  Cantharides 2  ounces. 

Glacial  acetic  acid 2  ounces. 

Acetic  acid 18  ounces,  or  sufficient. 

Mix  13  ounces  of  acetic  acid  with  the  glacial  acetic  acid,  and  digest  the 
cantharides  in  the  mixture  for  two  hours  at  a  temperature  of  200°  ;  then 
transfer  to  a  percolator,  and  when  the  liquid  ceases  to  pass,  pour  5  ounces 
of  acetic  acid  over  the  residuum,  express,  filter,  and  add  sufficient  acetic 
acid  to  make  20  ounces. 


CAYENNE    PEPPEK.  109 

MIXTURES  OF  CANTHARIDES. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  cantharides $  ounce. 

Copaiba £  ounce. 

Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  30  drops  three  times  a  day,  in  gleet.  Bumstead. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  cantharides 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron  .    6  drachms. 

Mix.     Dose  :  10  drops  three  times  a  day,  in  gleet.  Bumstead. 


CAPSICUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CAYENNE  PEPPER. 

The  fruit  of  Capsicum  fastigiatum,  Blume,  C.  annuum,  L.,  and  several 
other  species  of  capsicum  (Nat.  ord.,  Solanacece),  herbs  or  shrubs  indigenous 
to  tropical  America,  but  widely  cultivated. 

Capsicum  has  a  pungent  odor,  and  a  very  hot,  acrid  taste.  It  is  an  active 
stimulant  and  irritant.  Applied  externally  it  quickly 'reddens  the  skin,  and 
is  often  used  as  a  rubefacient.  Internally  it  is  employed  as  an  aid  to  di- 
gestion in  dyspepsia,  in  delirium  tremens  when  vomiting  is  a  prominent 
symptom,  in  vomiting  from  other  causes,  sick  headache,  sea-sickness,  etc. 
An  infusion  is  often  used  as  a  stimulating  gargle  in  relaxed  conditions  of 
the  throat. 

Dose :  1  to  5  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Infusum  Capsici  (U.  S.) — Infusion  of  Capsicum. 

Take  of  Capsicum ^  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Macerate  for  two  hours,  and  strain. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms.     Used  chiefly  as  a  gargle. 

Tinctura  Capsici  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.) — Tincture  of  Capsicum. 

Take  of  Capsicum 1  ounce. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  10  to  60  minims. 

The  British  tincture  is  slightly  weaker  than  this,  while  the  German 
is  nearly  three  times  stronger. 

Oleoresina  Capsici  (U.  S.) — Oleoresin  of  Capsicum. 

Take  of  Capsicum , .   12  ounces. 

Ether sufficient. 

Obtain  24  ounces  of  ethereal  tincture  by  percolation,  evaporate  or  distil 
off  the  ether,  and  strain. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  grains. 


110  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

GARGLES  OF  CAPSICUM. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  capsicum 1  drachm. 

Water 8  ounces. 

Mix.  St.  George's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  capsicum 100  minims. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid 1  drachm. 

Decoction  of  pale  bark 10  ounces. 

Mix.  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  capsicum 1  drachm. 

Diluted  acetic  acid 2  drachms. 

Water to  6  ounces. 

Mix.  lloyal  Chest  Hospital. 

LOTION  OF  CAPSICUM  AND  CANTHARIDES. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  capsicum 30  parts. 

Tincture  of  cantharides 20  parts. 

Cologne  water 50  parts. 

Mix.     A  stimulating  lotion  for  alopecia.  G.  H.  Fox. 


CARBO  ANIMALIS  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)— ANIMAL  CHARCOAL- 
BONE-BLACK. 

The  residue  of  bones  which  have  been  exposed  to  a  red  heat  without  ac- 
cess of  air. 

PREPARATION. 
Carbo  Animalis  Purificatus  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Purified  Animal  Charcoal. 

Prepared  by  digesting  bone  black  in  diluted  hydrochloric  acid,  washing 
the  undissolved  portion,  and  heating  it  to  redness. 

Animal  charcoal  is  used  only  in  making  preparations. 


CARBO  LIGNI— WOOD  CHARCOAL. 

The  residue  left  by  the  destructive  distillation  of  wood. 

Charcoal  has  the  property  of  absorbing  gases,  the  volume  of  gas  ab- 
sorbed exceeding  many  times  that  of  the  charcoal  employed.  This  prop- 
erty renders  it  useful  in  dyspepsia  attended  with  the  formation  of  gas, 
and  in  flatulence  generally.  Externally  it  is  employed  as  a  dressing  for 
foul  and  gangrenous  ulcers,  abscesses,  etc. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms. 


CARDAMOM.  Ill 

PREPARATIONS. 

CHARCOAL  LOZENGES  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Wood  charcoal 10  parts. 

White  sugar 30  parts. 

Mucilage  of  tragacanth 4  parts. 

Make  lozenges  of  15  grains  each. 

CHARCOAL  POULTICE  (Br.). 

Take  of  Wood  charcoal £  ounce. 

Crumb  of  bread 2  ounces. 

Linseed  meal 1|  ounce. 

Boiling  water 10  ounces. 

Macerate  the  bread  in  the  water  for  ten  minutes,  and  add  the  meal 
gradually,  stirring  the  ingredients  ;  then  add  half  the  charcoal,  and  sprinkle 
the  remainder  on  the  surface  of  the  poultice. 


CARDAMOMUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.}— CAKDAMOM. 

The  dried  capsules  of  Elettaria  Cardamomum,  Maton  (Nat.  ord.t  Zingi- 
beracece),  a  tall,  flag-like  perennial  indigenous  to  India. 

Cardamom  seeds  have  an  agreeable  aromatic  odor  and  taste,  and  possess 
aromatic  and  carminative  properties.  Used  as  an  adjunct  to  other  medi- 
cines. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Tinctura  Cardamom!  (U.  S.) — Tincture  of  Cardamom. 

Take  of  Cardamom 4  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 

Tinctura  Cardamom!  Composita  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Compound  Tincture  of 

Cardamom. 

Take  of  Cardamom 360  grains. 

Caraway '. 120  grains. 

Cinnamon 300  grains. 

Cochineal 60  grains. 

Clarified  honey  (by  weight) 2  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  powders  with  the  alcohol,  then  pack,  and  percolate  to  2 
pints  and  6  ounces  ;  add  to  this  the  honey,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 
The  British  Pharmacopoeia  employs  raisins  instead  of  the  honey. 


112  MEDICAL    FORMULAKY. 


CAEUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CARAWAY. 

The  fruit  of  Carum  carui,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Umbelliferoe),  an  annual  herb  in- 
digenous to  Asia,  but  cultivated  everywhere. 

Caraway  has  an  agreeable  aromatic  odor  and  taste.  Used  as  a  sto- 
machic and  carminative  in  infantile  cases,  and  as  an  adjunct  to  other  medi- 
cines. 

Dose  :  30  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Oleum  Carui  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Oil  of  Caraway. 
The  oil  distilled  from  caraway  fruit. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  minims. 

CARAWAY  WATER  (Br.). 

Take  of  Caraway  fruit 1  pound. 

Water 1  gallon. 

Distil  1  gallon.     Used  as  a  vehicle. 

SPIRIT  OF  CARAWAY  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Caraway  fruit 1  part. 

Alcohol  (80$) 8  parts. 

Macerate  two  days,  then  distil  off  all  the  spirit  employed. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 


CARYOPHYLLUS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CLOVES. 

The  flower  buds  of  Caryophyllus  aromaticus,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Myrtaceoe),  a, 
tree  indigenous  to  the  Moluccas,  but  widely  cultivated  in  tropical  countries. 

Cloves  have  a  strong,  agreeable  odor,  a  hot,  acrid  taste,  and  possess 
stimulant  and  aromatic  properties.  They  are  used  chiefly  as  a  flavoring 
ingredient,  and  as  a  condiment. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Infusum  Caryophylli  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Infusion  of  Cloves. 

Take  of  Cloves 120  grains. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Macerate  two  hours  in  a  covered  vessel,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 


CASCARILLA.  113 

Oleum  Caryophylli  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— OH  of  Cloves. 

The  oil  distilled  from  cloves. 

Dose  :  1  to  5  minims.     Often  applied  on  cotton  to  the  cavities  of  de- 
cayed teeth,  for  the  relief  of  toothache. 

TINCTURE  OF  CLOVES  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Cloves 1  part. 

Alcohol  (80£) 5  parts. 

Macerate  ten  days,  express,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 

SPIRIT  OF  CLOVES  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Cloves 1  part. 

Alcohol  (800) 8  parts. 

Macerate  four  days,  then  distil  off  all  the  spirit  employed. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 


CASCAEILLA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CASCAEILLA. 

The  bark  of  Croton  Eluteria,  Bennett  (Nat.  ord.,  Euphorbiacece),  a  small 
tree  indigenous  to  the  Bahamas. 

Cascarilla  has  an  aromatic  odor,  and  a  warm,  spicy,  bitter  taste.  It  is 
used  as  a  mild  tonic  in  dyspepsia,  etc. 

Dose  :  20  to  30  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 

Infusum  Cascarillae  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Infusion  of  Cascarilla. 

Take  of  Cascarilla 1  ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  1  pint.    Or,  macerate  the  bark  in  1  pint 
of  boiling  water  for  two  hours,  and  strain. 
Dose :  1  to  2  ounces. 

EXTRACT  OF  CASCARILLA  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Cascarilla * 1  part 

Boiling  water 6  parts. 

Macerate  the  bark  in  4  parts  of  the  water  for  twenty-four  hours,  and  ex- 
press.    Digest  the  residue  with  2  parts  of  water,  express,  mix  the  liquids, 
and  evaporate  to  a  thick  extract. 
8 


114  MEDICAL    FORMULAE Y. 

TINCTURE  OF  CASCARILLA  (Br.,  Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Cascarilla 2|  ounces. 

Proof  spirit 20  ounces. 

Macerate  the  bark  for  forty-eight  hours  in  15  ounces  of  the  spirit,  then 
percolate  with  enough  more  to  make  20  ounces. 
Dose  :      to  2  drachms. 


CASSIA  FISTULA  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— PURGING  CASSIA. 

The  pulp  of  the  fruit  of  Cassia  fistula,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Leguminowe),  a  tree 
indigenous  to  the  East  Indies,  but  naturalized  in  the  West  Indies  and 
>South  America.  The  fruit  consists  of  long  pods  containing  seeds  imbedded 
in  soft,  black  pulp,  which  has  a  sweet  taste.  It  is  a  mild  laxative.  Used 
in  the  confection  of  senna. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms,  laxative  ;  1  to  2  ounces,  purgative. 


CASSIA  MARILANDICA  (IT.  S.)— AMERICAN  SENNA. 

The  leaflets  of  Cassia  Marilandica,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Leguminosce),  an  herba- 
ceous perennial  indigenous  to  the  United  States. 

Used  as  a  substitute  for  Alexandria  senna,  which  it  resembles  in  its 
action,  though  requiring  to  be  administered  in  doses  one-third  larger. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms. 

PREPARATION. 

INFUSION  OF  AMERICAN  SENNA. 

Take  of  American  senna 1  ounce. 

Coriander 1  drachm. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Macerate  for  an  hour,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  2  to  6  ounces. 


CASTANEA  (U.  S.)— CHESTNUT. 

The  leaves  of  Castanea  vesca,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Cupuliferce),  our  common 
chestnut  tree. 

Chestnut  leaves  exert  a  sedative  influence,  which  has  proved  of  essential 
service  in  whooping-cough.  When  practicable  they  should  be  used  while 
fresh.  They  may  be  gathered,  for  preservation,  in  July  and  August. 

Dose  :  10  to  60  grains.     ' 


CASTOR— CATECHU.  115 

PREPARATIONS. 

FLUID  EXTRACT  or  CHESTNUT  LEAVES. 

Take  of  Chestnut  leaves 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Sugar 6  ounces. 

Boiling  water sufficient. 

Digest  the  leaves  with  water  for  twenty-four  hours,  express,  and  strain  ; 
repeat  twice  with  sufficient  water  to  cover  the  leaves,  mix  the  infusions, 
add  the  glycerin  and  sugar,  and  evaporate  to  1  pint. 

Dose  :  ^  to  1  drachm.  Maisch. 

INFUSION  OF  CHESTNUT  LEAVES. 

Take  of  Chestnut  leaves 1  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Infuse  and  strain. 
Dose  :  2  to  4  ounces. 


CASTOREUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CASTOR. 

A  peculiar,  concrete  substance  obtained  from  the  preputial  follicles  of 
the  beaver  (Castor  fiber,  L.).  It  occurs  in  unctuous  masses  of  a  charac- 
teristic odor,  and  an  acrid,  bitter,  nauseous  taste. 

Castor  is  stimulant  and  antispasmodic,  and  is  used  in  hysteria  and 
other  nervous  affections,  typhoid  conditions,  etc. 

Dose  :  10  to  20  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Tinctura  Castor ei  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Tincture  of  Castor. 

Take  of  Castor 2  ounces. 

Alcohol 2  pints. 

Macerate  for  seven  days,  and  filter. 

Dose  :  ^-  to  2  drachms. 

The  British  preparation  is  made  in  the  proportion  of  1  to  20 ;  tbe 
French  and  German,  1  to  10.  The  French  Codex  prepares  also  an  ethereal 
tincture  of  the  same  strength. 


CATECHU  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CATECHU. 

An  aqueous  extract  prepared  from  the  wood  of  Acacia  Catechu,  Willd., 
and  A.  Suma,  Kurz  (Nat.  ord.,  Leguminosce),  trees  indigenous  to  India. 
The  British  Pharmacopoeia  employs  Pale  Catechu,  derived  from  Uncaria 
Gambier,  Eoxb.  (Nat.  ord.,  Eubiacece). 


116  MEDICAL    FORMULAKY. 

Catechu  consists  mainly  of  tannic  acid  and  extractive,  and  is  powerfully 
astringent.  Used  in  the  later  stages  of  diarrhoea  and  dysentery,  after  the 
active  inflammatory  symptoms  have  been  subdued.  Locally  it  is  employed 
as  an  astringent  in  hemorrhages,  relaxation  of  the  throat,  spongy  gums, 
etc. 

Dose  :  5  to  30  grains. 

Infusum  Catechu  Compositum  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Compound  Infusion  of 

Catechu. 

Take  of  Catechu ^  ounce. 

Cinnamon 60  grains. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Macerate  for  an  hour,  in  a  covered  vessel,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces.     Infusion  of  Catechu  (Br.). 

Tinctura  Catechu  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Tincture  of  Catechu. 

Take  of  Catechu 3  ounces. 

Cinnamon 2  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Mix  the  powders,  moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  J  to  2  drachms. 

The  French  and  German  preparations  are  made  with  catechu,  1  part, 
diluted  alcohol,  5  parts. 

COMPOUND  POWDER  OF  CATECHU  (Br.). 

Take  of  Pale  catechu 4  ounces. 

Kino 2  ounces. 

Khatany 2  ounces. 

Cinnamon , 1  ounce. 

Nutmeg 1  ounce. 

Mix  thoroughly,  and  reduce  to  a  fine  powder. 

Dose  :  20  to  40  grains. 

• 

CATECHU  LOZENGES  (Br.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Pale  catechu • 720  grains. 

Kefined  sugar 25  ounces. 

Gum  arabic 1  ounce. 

Mucilage  of  gum  arabic 2  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Mix  the  powders,  add  the  mucilage  and  sufficient  water  to  form  a  proper 
mass,  and  divide  into  720  lozenges. 
Dose  :  1  to  6  lozenges. 
The  French  Codex  employs  tragacanth  instead  of  gum  arabic. 


WAX OXALATE    OF    CERIUM.  117 

MIXTURES  OF  CATECHU. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  catechu. 1  drachm. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium 10  grains. 

Cinnamon  water 1  ounce. 

•% 

Mix.     One  dose.  British  Skin  Hospital. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  catechu 30  minims. 

Chalk  mixture to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  University  College  Hospital. 


CERA— WAX. 
CEEA  ALBA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— WHITE  WAX. 

Yellow  wax  bleached  by  exposure  to  light  and  moisture. 


CEEA  FLAYA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— YELLOW  WAX. 

The  prepared  honey-comb  of  the  honey-rbee  (Apis  mellifica,  L.).  Wax  is 
used  in  making  cerates,  ointments,  and  plasters. 


CERATA— CERATES. 

A  cerate  is  a  mixture  of  wax  and  some  fatty  or  oily  substance,  of  a  con- 
sistence between  that  of  an  ointment  and  a  plaster.  It  should  be  soft 
enough  to  be  spread  with  ease,  but  sufficiently  hard  to  adhere  to  the  skin 
without  melting. 

Ceratum  (U.  S.,  Fr.)— Cerate— Simple  Cerate. 

Take  of  Lard 8  ounces. 

White  wax 4  ounces. 

Melt  together,  and  stir  until  cooL 

The  French  Codex  employs  oil  of  sweet  almond,  3  parts ;  white  wax, 
1  part. 


CERII  OXALAS  (U.  S.,  Br.)— OXALATE  OF  CERICTM. 

Obtained  from  the  mineral  cerite,  an  ore  of  cerium,  or  by  adding  a  solu- 
tion of  oxalate  of  ammonium  to  "a  solution  of  any  salt  of  cerium. 

It  is  a  white  powder,  without  odor  or  taste.  Used  to  allay  obstinate 
vomiting,  especially  that  of  pregnant  women. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  grains. 


118  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

CAPSULES  OF  OXALATE  OF  CERIUM. 

Take  of  Oxalate  of  cerium • 80  grains. 

Divide  into  20  capsules. 

Dose  :  1  capsule  every  fourth  hour.     In  the  sickness  of  pregnancy. 

"This  remedy  is  usually  administered  in  doses  so  small  as  to  be  quite 
inefficient ;  but,  in  the  above  'manner,  I  have  found  it  more  frequently  use- 
ful than  any  other  drug."  Fordyce  Barker. 

PILLS  OF  OXALATE  OF  CERIUM. 

Take  of  Oxalate  of  cerium 3  grains. 

Extract  of  gentian sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Chest  Hospital. 


CETACEUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SPERMACETI. 

A  concrete  substance  obtained  from  the  head  of  the  spermaceti  whale 
(Physeter  macrocephalus,  L.).  When  pure,  it  is  in  white,  translucent,  crys- 
talline masses,  unctuous  to  the  touch,  of  an  oily  odor  and  insipid  taste. 
It  is  used  in  the  preparation  of  ointments  and  cerates,  and  internally  as  a 
demulcent. 

Dose  :  15  to  30  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Ceratum  Cetacei  (U.  S.,  Ger.) — Spermaceti  Cerate. 

Take  of  Spermaceti 1  ounce. 

White  wax 3  ounces. 

Olive  oil 5  ounces. 

Melt  the  spermaceti  and  wax  together ;  then  add  the  oil  previously 
heated,  and  stir  constantly  until  cool. 

SPERMATIC  OINTMENT  (Br.). 

Take  of  Spermaceti 5  ounces. 

White  wax 2  ounces. 

Almond  oil 20  ounces. 

Melt  together  with  a  gentle  heat,  and  stir  constantly  until  cool. 

SACCHARATED  SPERMACETI  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Spermaceti 1  part. 

Sugar 3  parts. 

Mix,  and  rub  into  a  very  fine  powder. 


ICELAND    MOSS WORM-SEED.  119 

MIXTURE  OF  SPERMACETI. 

Take  of  Spermaceti - 15  grains. 

Chloric  ether 5  minims. 

Compound  tragacanth  powder 20  grains. 

Pimento  water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.  One  dose.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 


CETEAEIA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— ICELAKD  MOSS. 

The  lichen,  Cetraria  Islandicus,  Acharius  (Nat.  ord.,  Liclienes).  Indi- 
genous to  the  northern  hemisphere,  growing  in  high  latitudes. 

Iceland  moss  is  demulcent  and  nutritious,  owing  to  the  large  percentage 
of  starch  which  it  contains.  It  also  contains  a  bitter,  tonic  principle,  which 
improves  the  appetite  and  aids  digestion.  Chiefly  used  in  chronic  pulmo- 
nary complaints. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Decoctum  Cetr arise  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Decoction  of  Iceland  Moss. 

Take  of  Iceland  moss 3-  ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil  the  moss  in  1  pint  of  water  for  fifteen  minutes,  strain  with  com- 
pression, and  add  sufficient  water  through  the  strainer  to  make  1  pint. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 
The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  the  proportion  of  1  to  20. 

ICELAND  Moss  WITHOUT  BITTERNESS  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Iceland  moss 5  parts. 

Tepid  water 30  parts. 

Solution  of  carbonate  of  potassium 1  part. 

Macerate  for  three  hours,  and  then  wash  with  cold  water. 


CHENOPODIUM  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— WOKMSEED. 

The  fruit  of  Chenopodium  Anthelminticum,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Chenopodiacece), 
an  annual  herb  indigenous  to  Tropical  America,  but  naturalized  in  the  United 
States,  especially  in  the  southern  portions. 

Though  the  fruit  alone  is  officinal,  all  parts  of  the  plant  are  efficient  as 
an  anthelmintic.  The  fresh  juice,  the  seed,  or  the  oil  may  be  used  for  the 
destruction  of  lumbricoid  worms. 

Dose  :  10  to  40  grains. 


120  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Oleum  Chenopodii  (U.  S.)— Oil  of  Wormseed. 

The  oil  distilled  from  wormseed. 
Dose  :  4  to  8  minims. 

DECOCTION  OF  WOKMSEED. 

Take  of  Wormseed  leaves 1  ounce. 

Water  (or  milk) 1  pint. 

Boil  and  strain. 
Dose  :  4  to  8  ounces. 


CHIMAPHILA  (U.  S.,  Fi-.)— PIPSISSEWA. 

The  leaves  of  Chimaphila  umbellata,  Nutt.  (Nat.  ord.,  Ericacece),  a  small 
shrub  indigenous  to  the  northern  hemisphere. 

Pipsissewa  is  diuretic,  tonic,  and  astringent.  Employed  in  urinary  af- 
fections, as  hsematuria,  cystitis,  gleet,  etc. 

Dose  :  -j-  to  1  drachm. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Decoctum  Chimaphilae  (U.  S.) — Decoction  of  Pipsissewa. 

Take  of  Pipsissewa 1  ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil  the  pipsissewa  in  1  pint  of  water  for  fifteen  minutes,  strain,  and 
add  sufficient  water  through  the  strainer  to  make  1  pint. 
Dose  :  2  to  4  ounces. 

Extractum  Chimaphilae  Fluidum  (U.  S.)— Fluid  Extract  of  Pipsissewa. 

Take  of  Pipsissewa 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  8  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  5  of  water,  moisten  the  pip- 
sissewa with  8  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general 
formula,  page  161.  Finish  the  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol,  reserve 
14  ounces,  and  add  1  ounce  of  glycerin  to  the  remainder  before  evapora- 
tion. 

Dose  :      to  1  drachm. 


CHIRATA  -  HYDRATE    OF   CHLORAL.  121 

CHIKETTA  (U.  S.,  Br.)—  CHIRATA. 

The  entire  plant  Ophelia  Chirata,  Griseb.  (Nat.  ord.,  Gentianacece),  an 
lierb  indigenous  to  India. 

Its  properties  are  very  similar  to  those  of  gentian,  and  it  is  used  for  the 
same  purposes. 

Dose  :      to  1  drachm, 


PREPARATIONS. 

INFUSION  OF  CHTJJATA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Chirata  ..................................     J  ounce. 

Distilled  water  at  120°  .....................   10  ounces. 

Infuse  for  half  an  hour,  and  strain. 
Dose  :.  1  to  2  ounces. 

TINCTURE  OF  CHTCATA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Chirata  ..............  ....................  2  J  ounces. 

Proof  spirit  ..............................     sufficient. 

By  maceration  and  percolation,  obtain  20  ounces  of  tincture. 
Dose  :      to  2  drachms. 


CHLORAL  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)— HYDRATE  OF  CHLORAL. 

By  passing  dry  chlorine  gas  through  absolute  alcohol,  and  purifying  the 
product  by  distillation,  first  over  sulphuric  acid  and  then  over  quicklime, 
anhydrous  chloral  is  obtained.  This  is  a  thin,  oily  liquid,  which,  mixed 
with  one  eighth  its  weight  of  water,  forms  a  hydrate. 

Hydrate  of  chloral  occurs  in  crystalline  masses,  which  attract  moisture 
in  a  moist  atmosphere,  and  slowly  evaporate,  without  liquefying,  in  dry  air. 
It  is  readily  soluble  in  water,  alcohol,  chloroform,  ether,  and  oils,  has  an 
aromatic  odor,  and  a  peculiar,  pungent  taste.  It  is  a  valuable  hypnotic 
and  antispasmodic.  Used  in  insomnia,  hysteria,  convulsions,  delirium 
tremens,  mania,  tetanus,  etc.  Applied  externally,  it  exerts  an  antiseptic 
and  deodorizing  influence,  and  is  used  in  skin  diseases  and  as  a  surgical 
dressing. 

Dose  :  1  to  10  grains  for  children  ;  10  to  30  for  adults.  Generally  ad- 
ministered in  aqueous  solution,  flavored  with  an  aromatic  syrup. 


122  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

SYRUP  OF  CHLORAL  (Br.). 

Take  of  Hydrate  of  chloral 80  grains. 

Distilled  water 4  drachms. 

Simple  syrup sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  chloral  in  the  water,  and  add  syrup  to  make  1  ounce. 
Dose  :  ^  to  2  drachms. 

INJECTION  OF  CHLORAL. 

Take  of  Chloral 1  to  4  grains. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Dissolve.    An  excellent  injection  for  gonorrhoea.  Bartholow. 

LOTION  OF  CHLORAL. 

Take  of  Chloral 20  parts. 

Glycerin 5  parts. 

Bay  rum 50  parts. 

Water to  200  parts. 

Mix.     Use  for  pityriasis  capitis.  G.  H.  Fox. 

MIXTURES  OF  CHLORAL. 

Take  of  Chloral 15  grains. 

Fluid  extract  of  conium  seed 15  minims. 

Fluid  extract  of  hyoscyamus 15  minims. 

Water. to  1  drachm. 

Mix.     One  dose  ;  to  be  taken  thrice  daily,  after  meals. 

Hospital  Formulary. 

Take  of  Chloral 1  drachm. 

Bromide  of  potassium 2  drachms. 

Syrup  of  wild  cherry 1  ounce. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  three  times  a  day,  for  an  infant  under  one  year. 
In  the  convulsive  stage  of  whooping-cough.  H.  S.  Dessau. 

Take  of  Chloral 3  drachms. 

Sulphate  of  morphia 4  grains. 

Cherry-laurel  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  15  to  30  minims.     For  cholera,  cholera  morbus,  etc. 

Bartholow. 

Take  of  Hydrate  of  chloral 15  grains. 

Bromide  of  potassium 15  grains. 

Syrup  of  tolu £  drachm. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Middlesex  Hospital 


CHLOROFORM.  123 

Take  of  Chloral 20  grains. 

Syrup  of  orange  flowers 40  minims. 

Syrup  of  tolu 40  minims. 

"Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  London  Throat  Hospital. 


CHLOROFORMUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CHLOROFORM. 

The  United  States  Pharmacopoeia  recognizes  Chloroformum  Cenale  ( Com- 
mercial Chloroform),  and  from  it  prepares  Chloroformum.  Purificatum  (Puri- 
fied Chloroform] t  while  the  European  Pharmacopoeias  recognize  only  the 
pure  article. 

Chloroform  is  prepared  by  distilling  a  mixture  of  alcohol,  chlorinated 
lime,  and  water.  It  is,  when  pure,  a  heavy,  colorless,  volatile'  liquid,  of  an 
ethereal  odor,  and  a  hot,  saccharine  taste.  It  is  slightly  soluble  in  water, 
freely  soluble  in  alcohol  and  ether,  and  readily  dissolves  fats,  oils,  resins, 
iodine,  bromine,  etc. 

The  effects  of  chloroform  are  much  like  those  of  ether,  but  its 'action  is 
more  rapid  and  powerful.  Taken  into  the  stomach  it  acts  as  an  anodyne 
and  antispasmodic.  It  is,  however,  seldom  used  in  this  manner  at  the 
present  day,  having  been  superseded  by  chloral.  Administered  by  inhala- 
tion, it  quickly  produces  anaesthesia,  find  is  largely  used  for  this  purpose  in 
surgical  and  obstetrical  operations,  hepatic  and  renal  colic,  and  other  pain- 
ful affections,  though  it  is  much  more  dangerous  than  ether.  It  has  been 
used  hypodermically  in  neuralgia,  and  is  often  employed  externally  as  a 
topical  anodyne. 

Dose  :  5  to  60  minims. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Linimentum  Chloroform!  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Liniment  of  Chloroform. 

Take  of  Purified  chloroform  (by  weight) 3  ounces. 

Olive  oil  (by  weight) 4  ounces. 

Mix. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs :  chloroform,  liniment  of  camphor, 
each  an  equal  measure  ;  the  French  Codex  :  chloroform  1  part,  oil  of  sweet 
almonds  9  parts. 

Mistura  Chloroform!  (U.  S.) — Chloroform  Mixture. 

Take  of  Purified  chloroform  (by  weight) \  ounce. 

Camphor 60  grains. 

The  yolk  of  one  egg. 

Water 6  ounces. 

Eub  the  yolk  first  by  itself,  then  with  the  camphor  dissolved  in  the  chlo- 
roform, and  lastly,  with  the  water  gradually  added. 
Dose  :      to  1  ounce. 


124  MEDICAL   FORMULARY. 

Spiritus  Chloroform!  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Spirit  of  Chloroform. 

Take  of  Purified  chloroform  (by  weight) 1  ounce. 

Alcohol 12  ounces. 

Dissolve. 

Dose  :  ^  to  1  drachrn. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  the  proportion  of  1  to  19,  by  measure. 

CHLOKOFOKM  WATER  (Br.). 

Take  of  Chloroform 1  drachm. 

Distilled  water 25  ounces. 

Put  them  together  in  a  well-stopped  bottle,  and  shake  until  the  chloro- 
form is  entirely  dissolved. 
Dose  :  £  to  2  ounces. 

CHLOROFOBM  OINTMENT  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Chloroform 20  parts. 

White  wax 10  parts. 

Lard 90  parts. 

Melt  the  wax  and  lard  on  a  water-bath,  in  a  large-necked  bottle,  and, 
when  partially  cool,  add  the  chloroform,  and  shake  until  cold. 

Take  of  Chloroform 2  drachms. 

Glycerin ^  ounce. 

Cerate 1|  ounce.  < 

Mix.     For  pruritus  ani.  J.  W.  Wright. 

MIXTURES  or  CHLOROFORM. 

Take  of  Spirit  of  chloroform 15  minims. 

Compound  tincture  of  camphor 20  minims. 

Syrup  of  squill J  drachm. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Middlesex  Hospital. 

Take  of  Chloroform 5  minims. 

Camphor 5  grains. 

Mucilage 60  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Guy's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Spirit  of  chloroform -J  ounce. 

Compound  tincture  of  cardamom 2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  \  drachm  in  £  ounce  of  water,  every  half-hour  until  re- 
lieved.    In  colic  depending  on  flatulence.  A.  A.  Smith. 


CARRAGEEN BLACK  SNAKEROOT.  125 

Take  of  Spirit  of  chloroform 1 J  drachm. 

Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid 1£  drachm. 

Tincture  of  hyoscyamus \  ounce. 

Camphor  water to  4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  draghm  in  ^  ounce  of  water,  every  two  hours.     A  cough 
mixture  in  phthisis,  when  it  is  undesirable  to  use  opiates.     A.  A.  Smith. 


CHONDRUS  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— IRISH   MOSS— CARRAGEEN. 

The  entire  frond  of  Chondrus  crispus,  Greville  (Nat.  ord.,  Algce),  a  sea- 
weed growing  on  the  rocks  along  the  shore  from  New  England  northward, 
and  also  along  the  coast  of  Europe.  Our  present  supply  comes  mainly  from 
Massachusetts.  It  is  demulcent,  nutritive,  and  slightly  alterative.  Used 
chiefly  in  chronic  catarrhal  affections,  whether  of  the  pulmonary  or  urinary 
system. 

DECOCTION  OF  IRISH  Moss. 

Take  of  Irish  moss £  ounce. 

Water lj  pint. 

Boil  to  1  pint,  strain,  and  flavor  with  lemon  juice  and  sugar. 
Dose  :  4  to  6  ounces. 


CIMICIFUGA  (U.  S.)— CIMICIFUGA— BLACK  SNAKEROOT. 

The  rhizome  of  Cimicifuga  racemosa,  Ell.  (Nat.  ord.,  Ranunculacece),  an 
herbaceous  perennial  indigenous  to  North  America. 

It  has  a  faint,  unpleasant  odor,  a  bitter,  acrid  taste,  and  acts  as  a  stimu- 
lant, antispasmodic,  and  sedative.  As  a  stimulant  to  the  secretions  it  is 
used  in  chronic  bronchitis,  phthisis, .  amenorrhoea,  dropsy,  etc.,  while  its 
sedative  effect  is  beneficial  in  chorea.  It  is  also  used  in  rheumatism, 
lumbago,  after-pains,  etc. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  Cimicifugae  Fluidum  (U.  S.)— Fluid  Extract  of  Cimicifuga. 

Take  of  Cimicifuga 16  ounces. 

Stronger  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  cimicifuga  with  4  ounces  of  the  alcohol,  and  proceed  ac- 
cording to  the  general  formula,  page  161. 
Dose  :  20  to  60  minims. 


126  MEDICAL    FORMULAKY. 

TINCTURE  OF  CIMICIFUGA. 

Take  of  Cimicifuga , 1  part. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  5  parts. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms.     J.  P.  Remington,  Report  of  Am.  Ph.  Ass'n. 


Resin  of  Cimicifuga — Cimicifugin — Macrotin. 

Take  of  Cimicifuga 16  parts. 

Alcohol  (sp.  gr.  0.835) sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  until  16  parts  of  tincture  are  obtained. 
Evaporate  this  to  a  thick,  syrupy  consistence,  pour  into  warm  water,  stir 
well,  and  allow  to  settle.  Decant  the  supernatant  liquid,  wash  the  pre- 
cipitate with  successive  portions  of  warm  water  until  the  washings  are 
nearly  tasteless  and  colorless  ;  then  cool  the  resinous  mass,  break  it  into 
small  pieces,  dry  by  exposure  to  the  air,  and  powder  it. 

It  is  of  a  light,  yellowish  brown  color  when  powdered,  and  has  a  pe- 
culiar, smoky  odor,  and  a  sweetish  taste. 

Dose  :  J  to  2  grains.  J.  U.  Lloyd. 


MIXTURE  OF  CIMICIFUGA. 

Take  of  Water 4  ounces. 

Syrup  of  orange  peel 2£  ounces. 

Tincture  of  cinnamon 3  drachms. 

Tincture  of  nux  vomica 1  drachm. 

Fluid  extract  of  cimicifuga 1  ounce. 

Gallic  acid 2  drachms. 

Mix.  Dose :  J  ounce  every  third  hour,  in  a  little  water,  commencing 
the  day  before  the  normal  end  of  the  menstrual  period.  For  uterine  and 
ovarian  neuralgia,  associated  with  prolonged  menstruation  that  is  con- 
tinued four  or  five  days  beyond  the  normal  period  of  the  individual. 

Fordyce  Barker. 


CINCHONA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CINCHONA— PERUVIAN 

BARK. 

The  bark  of  all  species  of  cinchona  (Nat.  ord.,  Rubiacece),  containing  at 
least  two  per  cent,  of  the  proper  cinchona  alkaloids,  which  yield  crystalliza- 
ble  salts. 

CINCHONA  FLAVA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— YELLOW  CINCHONA. 
The  bark  of  Cinchona  Calisaya,  Weddell. 


PALE    CINCHONA RED    CINCHONA.  127 

CINCHONA  PALLIDA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— PALE  CINCHONA. 
The  bark  of  Cinchona  officinalis,  Hooker. 
CINCHONA  RUBRA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— RED  CINCHONA. 

The  bark  of  Cinchona  succirubra,  Pavon. 

In  addition  to  the  above-named,  several  other  species  of  cinchona  con- 
tribute to  supply  the  market  with  this  valuable  drug.  All  the  species  of 
the  genus  are  trees  or  shrubs  indigenous  to  South  America,  but  some  of 
them  are  now  successfully  cultivated  in  Java  and  Ceylon. 

Cinchona  is  the  most  valuable  of  vegetable  tonics  and  febrifuges.  As  a 
tonic,  it  is  employed  in  nearly  all  cases  of  debility  ;  as  a  febrifuge,  at  one 
time  or  another,  in  nearly  all  cases  of  fever,  but  especially  in  those  of  a 
miasmatic  origin.  Its  power  over  intermittent  fever  is  so  remarkable  as  to 
entitle  it  to  be  considered  a  specific  ;  and  it  is  in  this  disease,  particularly, 
that  its  effects  are  most  strikingly  displayed.  But  in  other  fevers,  and  in 
acute  inflammatory  affections,  as  pneumonia  and  rheumatism,  in  full  doses, 
it  lowers  the  pulse,  reduces  the  temperature,  and  produces,  at  least,  a  tem- 
porary lull  in  the  progress  of  the  disease. 

These  effects  are  due  to  the  presence  of  a  number  of  alkaloids,  which 
the  bark  contains,  the  most  important  being,  in  the  order  of  their  relative 
value,  quinia,  quinidia,  cinchonia,  cinchonidia.  "When  the  most  decided 
effects  of  cinchona  are  desired,  these  alkaloids,  or  rather,  some  of  their 
salts,  are  generally  employed  ;  while  for  the  simple  tonic  effects,  the  bark, 
or  some  of  its  preparations,  may  be  used. 

Dose  :  10  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Decoctum  Cinchonas  Flavae  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Decoction  of  Yellow  Cinchona. 

Take  of  Yellow  cinchona 1  ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil  fifteen  minutes,  strain,  and  add  sufficient  water  through  the  strain- 
er to  make  1  pint. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

Decoctum  Cinchonae  Rubrse  (U.  S.) — Decoction  of  Red  Cinchona. 
Made  in  the  same  manner  as  the  preceding  preparation. 

Extractum  Cinchonae  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.) — Extract  of  Cinchona. 

Take  of  Yellow  cinchona 12  ounces. 

Alcohol 3  pints. 

Water sufficient. 

Macerate  the  cinchona  in  20  ounces  of  the  alcohol  for  four  days,  then 
percolate  with  the  remainder,  continuing  the  process  with  water  until  3 


128  MEDICAL   FORMULARY. 

pints  are  obtained.     Reserve  this,  and  continue  the  percolation  with  water 
until  6  pints  more  are  obtained.     Distil  off  the  alcohol  from  the  tincture, 
evaporate  the  residue  and  the  infusion  separately,  to  the  consistence  of 
thin  honey,  then  mix,  and  evaporate  to  a  proper  consistence. 
Dose :  10  to  30  grains. 


Extractum  Cinchonae  Fluidum  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Cin- 
chona. 

Take  of  Yellow  cinchona 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  8  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  5  of  water,  moisten  the  cin- 
chona with  5  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general 
formula,  page  161.  Continue  the  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol  until  2 
pints  are  obtained,  reserve  14  ounces,  and  add  1  ounce  of  glycerin  to  the 
remainder  before  evaporation. 

Dose  :  10  to  60  minims,  or  more,  as  an  antiperiodic. 

Liquid  Extract  of  Yellow  Cinchona  (Br.). 

Infusum  Cinchonas  Flavas  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Infusion  of  Yellow  Cinchona. 

Take  of  Yellow  cinchona 1  ounce. 

Aromatic  sulphuric  acid 1  drachm. 

Water : .  . . .      sufficient. 

Mix  the  acid  with  1  pint  of  water,  moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  the  cin- 
chona with  the  mixture,  continuing  with  the  water  until  the  filtered  liquid 
measures  1  pint. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs :  cinchona  %  ounce  ;  water,  10  ounces. 

Infusum  Cinchonas  Rubrae  (U.  S.)— Infusion  of  Red  Cinchona. 
Made  in  the  same  manner  as  the  preceding  preparation. 

Tinctura  Cinchonas  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Tincture  of  Cinchona. 

Take  of  Yellow  cinchona 6  ounces. 

Alcohol,  3  parts — Water,  1  part sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :      to  4  drachms. 


SULPHATE  OF  CINCHONIA.  129 

Tinctura  Cinehonse  Composita  (U.  S.,  BrM  Ger. )— Compound  Tinc- 
ture of  Cinchona. 

Take  of  Red  cinchona 4  ounces. 

Bitter  orange  peel 3  ounces. 

Serpentaria 360  grains. 

Alcohol sufficient 

Water sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2£  pints. 

Dose  :  J  to  4  drachms. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  :  pale  cinchona,  2  ounces ;  bitter- 
orange  peel,  1  ounce  ;  serpentaria,  ^  ounce  ;  saffron,  60  grains  ;  cochineal, 
30  grains  ;  proof  spirit,  20  ounces ;  the  German  Pharmacopoeia :  pale 
cinchona,  6  parts  ;  orange-peel,  2  parts  ;  gentian,  2  parts ;  cinnamon,  1 
part ;  diluted  alcohol,  50  parts. 


MIXTURE  OF  CINCHONA  AND  RHUBARB. 

Take  of  Compound  tincture  of  cinchona 1^  ounce. 

Mixture  of  rhubarb  and  soda 1£  ounce. 

Aromatic  syrup  of  rhubarb ^  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  ^  ounce  at  night,  or  night  and  morning. 

A  tonic  laxative,  useful  in  gastric  derangements  and  vertigo.  The  mix- 
ture of  rhubarb  and  soda  contains  15  grains  of  each  hi  an  ounce  of  pepper- 
mint water.  F.  A.  Eurrdtt. 


CIXCHONLE  SULPHAS  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— SULPHATE  OF 

CINCHOSUA. 

Take  of  the  mother-water  remaining  after  the  crystallization  of  the 
sulphate  of  quinia,  a  convenient  quantity.  Add  solution  of  soda  until  the 
liquid  is  alkaline,  collect,  wash  and  dry  the  precipitate.  Then  wash  it  with 
successive  small  portions  of  alcohol  to  remove  other  alkaloids,  mix  the 
residue  with  eight  times  its  weight  of  water,  heat,  add  diluted  sulphuric  acid 
until  it  becomes  clear,  boil  with  animal  charcoal,  filter  while  hot,  and  set 
aside  to  crystallize.  Dry  the  crystals  on  bibulous  paper. 

It  is  in  white,  shining  crystals,  of  a  bitter  taste,  and  soluble  in  54  parts 
of  water. 

Sulphate  of  cinchonia  is  used  in  the  same  manner,  and  for  the  same 
purposes,  as  sulphate  of  quinia.  It  has  the  advantage  of  being  more  sol- 
uble and  less  bitter,  but  is  less  active  than  sulphate  of  quinia,  and  should 
be  administered  in  doses  one-third  larger. 

Dose  :  1  to  20  grains. 
9 


130  MEDICAL    FOKMULARY. 

MIXTURE  OF  SULPHATE  OF  CINCHONIA. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  cinchonia 1  drachm. 

Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 2  drachms. 

Water , to  4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm.  Hospital  Formulary. 

PILLS  OF  SULPHATE  OF  CINCHONIA. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  cinchonia 1  drachm. 

Extract  of  cinchona sufficient. 

Mix  and  divide  into  20  pills. 
Dose  :  1  to  6  pills. 

CAPSULES  OF  SULPHATE  OF  CINCHONIA. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  cinchonia £  drachm. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium 15  grains. 

Camphor 8  grains. 

Sulphate  of  morphia %  grain. 

Mix  and  divide  into  4  capsules. 

Dose  :  1  capsule  at  bedtime.     In  acute  bronchial  catarrh. 

Daniel  Lewis. 


CINCHONIDI^E  SULPHAS— SULPHATE  OF  CINCHONIDIA. 

Cinchonidia  exists  only  in  certain  varieties  of  cinchona,  and  the  sul- 
phate is  obtained  from  the  mother-water  remaining  from  the  crystalliza- 
tion of  sulphate  of  quinia,  when  manufactured  from  these  barks.  It  is  in 
white,  acicular  crystals,  resembling  those  of  sulphate  of  quinia,  of  a  bitter 
taste,  and  soluble  in  85  parts  of  water.  Used  as  a  tonic  and  antiperiodic. 

Dose  :  1  to  20  grains. 


CINNAMOMUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CINNAMON. 

The  inner  bark  of  Cinnamomum  Zeylanicum,  Breyne  (Nat.  ord.,  Laura- 
cece),  a  small  evergreen  tree  indigenous  to  Ceylon,  where  it  is  largely  cul- 
tivated, and  attains  its  greatest  perfection.  It  is  also  cultivated  in  India 
and  other  tropical  countries,  but  the  product  is  inferior. 

Cinnamon  is  an  aromatic  stimulant,  and,  owing  to  its  agreeable  taste,  is 
largely  used  as  a  flavoring  agent. 

Dose  :  10  to  20  grains. 


CINNAMON.  131 

PREPARATIONS. 
Aqua  Cinnamomi  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Cinnamon  Water. 

Take  of  Oil  of  cinnamon £  drachm. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium 60  grains. 

Distilled  water 2  pints. 

Rub  the  oil  with  the  carbonate  of  magnesium,  then  with  the  water, 
added  gradually,  and  filter.  Or,  mix  18  ounces  of  cinnamon  with  16  pints 
of  water,  and  distil  8  pints. 

The  European  Pharmacopeias  employ  the  latter  process.  Used  as  a 
vehicle. 

Oleum  Cinnamomi  (U.  S.  et  al  Ph.) — Oil  of  Cinnamon. 
The  oil  distilled  from  cinnamon  bark. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  minims. 

Spiritus  Cinnamomi  (U.  S.,  Fr.) — Spirit  of  Cinnamon. 

Take  of  Oil  of  cinnamon 1  ounce. 

Stronger  alcohol 15  ounces. 

Dissolve. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  minims. 

The  French  Codex  directs  :  cinnamon,  1  part ;  alcohol  8  parts  ;  distil  off 
the  spirit. 

Tinctura  Cinnamomi  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Tincture  of  Cinnamon. 

Take  of  Cinnamon 3  ounces. 

Alcohol,  2  parts — Water,  1  part sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  1  to  3  drachms. 

Pulvis  Aromaticus  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.) — Aromatic  Powder. 

Take  of  Cinnamon 2  ounces. 

Ginger 2  ounces. 

Cardamom 1  ounce. 

Nutmeg 1  ounce. 

Rub  together  into  a  fine  powder. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs :  equal  parts  of  cinnamon,  ginger, 
and  cardamom  ;  the  German  Pharmacopoeia :  cinnamon  5  parts  ;  cardamom 
3  parts  ;  ginger  2  parts. 

Confectio  Aromatica  (U.  S.) — Aromatic  Confection. 

Take  of  Aromatic  powder 4  ounces. 

Clarified  honey  (by  weight) 4  ounces. 

Rub  together.  t 


132  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

SYRUP  or  CINNAMON  (Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Cinnamon  water 50  parts. 

Sugar 95  parts. 

Dissolve  by  agitation,  without  heat,  and  filter. 


COCCUS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— COCHINEAL. 

Cochineal  is  a  small  insect  (Coccus  cacti,  L.),  indigenous  to  Mexico  and 
Central  America,  which  feeds  upon  a  species  of  cactus. 

Though  formerly  considered  medicinal,  it  is  now  only  used  to  color 
medicinal  preparations. 

PREPARATION. 

TINCTURE  OF  COCHINEAL  (Br.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Cochineal 2£  ounces. 

Proof  spirit 20  ounces. 

Macerate  for  seven  days,  strain,  press,  filter,  and  add  sufficient  proof 
spirit  to  make  20  ounces. 


CODEIA  (Fr.,  Ger.)— CODEIA. 

Codeia  is  an  alkaloid  which  exists  in  opium,  in  combination  with  me- 
conic  acid,  and  is  separated  in  the  process  for  obtaining  morphia. 

It  occurs  in  colorless  crystals,  of  a  bitter  taste,  and  possessing  narcotic 
properties.  It  is  said  to  produce  less  unpleasant  after-effects  than  opium 
or  morphia. 

Dose  :  |  to  3  grains. 


COLCHICUM— MEADOW  SAFFRON. 
COLCHICI  EADIX  (LT.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— COLCHICUM  ROOT. 
COLCHICI   SEMEN  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— COLCHICUM  SEED. 

The  conn  and  seed  of  Colchicum  autumnale,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Melanthacea?), 
a  bulbous  perennial  indigenous  to  Europe.  Its  flowers  resemble  those  of 
the  crocus,  and  are  produced  in  autumn,  while  the  seed  is  not  matured 
until  the  following  summer. 

Colchicum  stimulates  the  secretions,  and,  in  full  doses,  acts  as  an  emeto- 
cathartic  ;  in  overdoses  it  is  a  dangerous  poison.  Its  stimulant  effect  is 
followed  by  a  sedative  action,  which  is  especially  beneficial  in  rheumatism 
and  gout.  In  this  latter  disease,  particularly,  large  doses  of  colchicum 


COLCHICUM  BOOT  AND  SEED.  133 

produce  the  happiest  effect,  often  relieving  pain  and  reducing  the  inflam- 
mation very  quickly. 

Dose  :  Of  the  root,  2  to  8  grains ;  of  the  seed,  2  to  10  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum  Colchici  Aceticum  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Acetic  Extract  of  Colchi- 

cum. 

Take  of  Colchicum  root 12  ounces. 

Acetic  acid 4  ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  the  acid  with  1  pint  of  water,  add  the  colchicum,  pack,  and  perco- 
late with  water  until  the  root  is  exhausted.  Evaporate  the  liquid  on  a 
water-bath,  to  a  proper  consistence. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  grains. 

The  British  preparation  is  made  from  the  fresh  corm.  Another  British 
preparation,  extract  of  colchicum,  is  made  by  evaporating  the  juice. 

Extractum  Colchici  Radicis  Fluidum(U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Col- 
chicum Root. 

Take  of  Colchicum  root 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  12  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  1  of  water,  moisten  the  colchi- 
cum with  5  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general 
formula,  page  161.  Finish  the  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol,  reserve  14 
ounces,  and  add  1  ounce  of  glycerin  to  the  remainder,  before  evaporation. 

Dose  :  2  to  8  minims. 


Extractum  Colchici  Seminis  Fluidum  (U.  S.)— Fluid  Extract  of  Col- 
chicum Seed. 

Prepared  in  the  same  manner  as  the  preceding  preparation. 
Dose  :  2  to  10  minims. 


Tinctura  Colchici  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Tincture  of  Colchicum. 

Take  of  Colchicum  seed 4  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  15  to  60  minims. 


134  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Vinum  Colchici  Radicis  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— Wine  of  Colcliicum  Root. 

Take  of  Colchicum  root 12  ounces. 

Sherry  wine sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  10  to  20  minims. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  the  proportion  of  1  to  5  ;  the  French 
Codex,  3  to  50. 

Vinum  Colchici  Seminis  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.) — Wine  of  Colchicum  Seed. 

Take  of  Colchicum  seed 4  ounces. 

Sherry  wine 2  pints. 

Macerate  for  seven  days,  express  and  filter. 

The  French  Codex  directs  the  proportion  of  3  to  50  ;  the  German  Phar- 
macopoeia, 1  to  10. 

ALCOHOLIC  EXTRACT  OF  COLCHICUM  SEED  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Colchicum  seed 1  part. 

Alcohol  (60#) 6  parts. 

Digest  the  seed  in  half  of  the  alcohol,  express  and  filter.  Treat  the  resi- 
due in  like  manner  with  the  remainder  of  the  alcohol,  mix  the  liquids,  dis- 
til off  the  spirit,  concentrate  on  a  water  bath,  dissolve  in  four  times  its  weight 
of  cold  distilled  water,  filter,  and  evaporate  to  a  thick  extract. 

Dose  :  ^  to  2  grains. 

TINCTURE  OF  COLCHICUM  ROOT  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Colchicum  root 1  part. 

Alcohol  (600) 5  parts. 

Macerate  for  ten  days,  express  and  filter. 
Dose  :  10  to  50  minims. 

VINEGAR  OF  COLCHICUM  (Ger.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Colchicum  seed 1  part. 

Alcohol 1  part. 

Pure  vinegar 9  parts. 

Digest  for  eight  days,  express  and  filter. 
Dose  :  J  to  1  drachm. 

The  French  Codex  directs :  colchicum  root,  1  part ;  white  vinegar,  12 
parts. 

MIXTURES  OF  COLCHICUM. 

Take  of  Wine  of  colchicum  seed 3  drachms. 

Aromatic  spirit  of  ammonia 13  drachms. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  drachm  every  three  hours,  until  some  physiological  ef- 
fect is  produced.  In  gout.  Bartholow. 


COLOCYNTH.  135 

Take  of  Wine  of  colchicum  seed J  ounce. 

Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium 2£  ounces. 

Infusion  of  parsley 5  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  J  ounce  every  four  hours.     In  dropsy.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  colchicum  seed 6  minims. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium , 5  grains. 

Pimento  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  British  Skin  Hospital. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  colchicum  seed 15  minims. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium . .     6  grains. 

Sulphate  of  magnesium 30  grains. 

Peppermint  water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  University  College  Hospital. 

PILLS  OF  COLCHICUM. 

Take  of  Acetic  extract  of  colchicum 1  grain. 

Extract  of  belladonna £  grain. 

Extract  of  chamomile 2  grains. 

Make  1  pill  St.  Thomas's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Acetic  extract  of  colchicum 2  grains. 

Dover's  powder 3  grains. 

Make  1  pill  Middlesex  Hospital. 

Take  of  Acetic  extract  of  colchicum. ; 1  grain. 

Blue  pill 2  grains. 

Extract  of  gentian 2  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  Charing  Cross  Hospital. 

Take  of  Acetic  extract  of  colchicum 1  grain. 

Sulphate  of  quinia 1  grain. 

Make  1  pilL  London  Ophthalmic  Hospital. 


COLOCYOTHIS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— COLOOYNTH. 

The  pulp  of  the  fruit  of  Citrullus  Colocynthis,  Royle  (Nat.  ord.,  Cucurbir 
tacece),  an  herbaceous  vine,  with  perennial  root,  indigenous  to  Asia  and 
Africa.  The  fruit  resembles  an  orange  in  size  and  general  appearance,  but 
has  a  hard  rind. 

Colocynth  is  a  drastic  hydragogue.  On  account  of  its  extremely  vio- 
lent action,  it  is  seldom  used  alone. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 


136  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

PREPARATION. 
Extractum  Colocynthidis   (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— Extract  of  Colocynth. 

Take  of  Colocynth 48  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Macerate  the  colocynth  in  8  pints  of  the  alcohol  for  four  days,  and  ex- 
press. Then  percolate  the  residue  with  diluted  alcohol  until  the  tinc- 
ture and  expressed  liquids,  taken  together,  measure  16  pints.  Mix  them, 
distil  off  10  pints  of  alcohol,  and  evaporate  the  residue  to  dryness  on  a 
water-bath. 

Dose  ;  5  to  20  grains. 

Extractum  Colocynthidis  Compositum    (U.   S.,  Br.,    Ger.) — Com- 
pound Extract  of  Colocynth. 

Take  of  Extract  of  colocynth 3^  ounces. 

Purified  aloes 12  ounces. 

Resin  of  scammony 3  ounces. 

Cardamom ; 1£  ounce. 

Soap 3  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  5  to  30  grains. 

The  British  preparation  is  made  by  macerating  colocynth,  together  with 
the  other  ingredients,  in  proof  spirit,  and  evaporating  the  tincture  to  a  pilu- 
lar  consistence. 

Pilulae  Catharticae  Compositae  (U.  S.) — Compound  Cathartic  Pills. 

Take  of  Compound  extract  of  colocynth 32  grains. 

Extract  of  jalap 24  grains. 

Mild  chloride  of  mercury 24  grains. 

Gamboge 6  grains. 

Mix  the  powders,  form  a  mass  with  water,  and  divide  into  24  pills. 
Dose  :  1  to  4  pills. 

COMPOUND  PILL  OF  COLOCYNTH  (Br.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Colocynth 1  ounce. 

Barbadoes  aloes 2  ounces. 

Scammony 2  ounces. 

Sulphate  of  potassium ^  ounce. 

Oil  of  cloves 2  drachms. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Mix  the  powders,  add  the  oil  of  cloves,  and  beat  into  a  mass  with  water. 
Dose  :  5  to  10  grams. 

PILL  or  COLOCYNTH  AND  HYOSCYAMUS  (Br.). 

Take  of  Compound  pill  of  colocynth 2  ounces. 

Extract  of  hyoscyamus 1  ounce. 

Beat  together. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 


COLLODION.  137 

TINCTURE  OF  COLOCTNTH  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Colocynth  ................................     1  part. 

Alcohol  ..................................    10  parts. 

Prepare  a  tincture  by  maceration. 
Dose  :  15  to  30  minims. 

PILLS  OP  COLOCYNTH. 

Take  of  Compound  colocynth  pill  ...................  2  grains. 

Blue  pill  ...........................  ;  .....  1£  grain. 

Ipecacuanha  ..............................  ^  grain. 

Extract  of  henbane  ........................  1  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  University  College  Hospital. 


Take  of  Compound  colocynth  pill  ...................     4  grains. 

Croton  oil  ................................     ^  minim. 

Make  1  pill.  King's  College  Hospital. 

• 

Take  of  Compound  extract  of  colocynth  .............  30  grains. 

Resin  of  podophyllum  .....................  2  grains. 

Extract  of  nux  vomica  .....................  3  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  10  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  at  bedtime.     In  habitual  constipation. 


COLLODIUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— COLLODION. 

Take  of  Pyroxylon 200  grains. 

Stronger  ether 12£  ounces. 

Alcohol 3^  ounces. 

Mix  the  ether  and  alcohol  in  a  suitable  bottle,  add  the  pyroxylon,  and 
dissolve. 

Used  as  a  dressing  for  abrasions,  wounds,  etc.,  and  as  a  vehicle  for  vesi- 
cants and  irritants. 


Collodium  Flexile  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)— Flexible  Collodion. 

Take  of  Collodion 1  pint. 

Canada  turpentine 320  grains. 

Castor  oil 160  grains. 

Mix. 

See  also  Carbolized  Collodion. 


138  MEDICAL    FOKMULAEY. 

CONIUM— POISON  HEMLOCK. 
CONII  FKUCTUS  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— CONIUM  SEED. 
CONII  FOLIA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CONIUM  LEAVES. 

The  unripe  fruit  and  leaves  of  Coniuni  maculatum,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Um- 
belliferce)  a  tall,  biennial  herb  indigenous  to  the  Old  World,  but  naturalized 
here. 

Though  the  seed  and  leaves  are  recognized  by  the  United  States  Phar- 
macopoeia, the  latter  are  generally  considered  unreliable  except  when  fresh. 

Conium  is  a  powerful  sedative  of  the  centres  of  motion,  and,  in  sufficient 
doses,  paralyzes  them.  Its  action  is,  in  fact,  directly  the  reverse  of  that  of 
strychnia.  It  is  used  in  tetanus,  chorea,  epilepsy,  spasmodic  croup,  acute 
mania,  and  other  nervous  and  mental  diseases. 

Too  great  stress  cannot  be  laid  upon  the  necessity  of  using  an  efficient 
preparation  of  this  plant.  Its  active  principle,  conia,  is  volatile,  and  is  lost 
from  the  leaves  and  seed  by  long  keeping. 

Dose  :  of  the  fruit,  £  "to  4  grains  ;  of  the  leaves,  3  to  8  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  Conii  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Extract  of  Conium. 

Take  of  Conium  leaves,  fresh 12  ounces. 

Bruise  the  leaves,  sprinkling  on  a  little  water,  and  express  the  juice ; 
heat  this -to  the  boiling  point,  filter,  and  evaporate  to  a  proper  consistence, 
either  in  a  vacuum  with  the  aid  of  heat,  or  in  shallow  vessels,  at  the  ordi- 
nary temperature,  by  means  of  a  current  of  air  directed  over  the  surface 
of  the  liquid. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  grains. 

An  unreliable  preparation,  often  wholly  inert. 

Extractum   Conii   Alcoholicum   (U.   S.,   Fr.) — Alcoholic  Extract  of 

Conium. 

Take  of  Conium  leaves,  recently  dried 12  ounces. 

Alcohol 1  pint. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  conium  with  the  alcohol,  then  percolate  with  diluted  alco- 
hol until  1  pint  of  tincture  is  obtained  ;  allow  this  to  evaporate  spontane- 
ously to  3  ounces,  continue  the  percolation  until  2  pints  more  are  obtained 
or  the  conium  is  exhausted  ;  evaporate  this,  at  or  below  160°,  to  the  con- 
sistence of  syrup,  add  the  3  ounces  of  reserved  liquid,  and  continue  the 
evaporation,  at  or  below  120°,  until  reduced  to  a  proper  consistence. 

Dose  :  -J  to  2  grains. 

Scarcely  more  reliable  than  the  preceding. 

The  French  Codex  prepares  also  an  alcoholic  extract  of  conium  seed. 


CONIUM    SEED    AND    LEAVES.  139 

Extractum  Conii  Fructus  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Coniuin 

Seed. 

Take  of  Conium  seed 16  ounces. 

Glycerin , 4  ounces. 

Hydrochloric  acid „ 180  grains. 

Alcohol , sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  8  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  5  of  water,  moisten  the 
conium  with  4  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general 
formula,  page  161.  Finish  the  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol,  reserve 
14  ounces,  and  add  the  acid  and  one  ounce  of  glycerin  to  the  remainder 
before  evaporation. 

Dose :  3  to  5  minims. 

Succus  Conii  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Juice  of  Conium. 

Take  of  Fresh  conium  leaves a  convenient  quantity. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Bruise  the  leaves,  express,  and  to  every  5  measures  of  juice  add  1  meas- 
ure of  alcohol.  After  seven  days,  filter. 

Dose  :  30  to  60  minims. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  the  proportion  of  3  to  1.  The  French 
Codex  makes  a  similar  preparation  by  macerating  the  fresh  leaves  in  an 
equal  weight  of  alcohol  for  ten  days. 

Tinctura  Conii  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Tincture  of  Conium. 

Take  of  Conium  leaves,  recently  dried 4  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 

Dose  :  J  to  2  drachms. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs :  conium  seed,  2^  ounces ;  proof 
spirit,  20  ounces  ;  the  French  Codex  :  conium  leaves,  1  part ;  alcohol  (60$), 
5  parts.  The  French  Codex  prepares  also  an  ethereal  tincture. 


CONIUM  OINTMENT  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Extract  of  conium 1  part. 

"Wax  ointment 9  parts. 

Mix.    ' 

CONIUM  PLASTER  (Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Alcoholic  extract  of  conium 90  parts. 

Elemi 20  parts. 

White  wax 10  parts. 

Melt  the  elemi  and  wax  together,  then  add  the  extract  of  conium. 


140  MEDICAL    FOBMULABY. 

HEMLOCK  POULTICE  (Br.). 

Take  of  Hemlock  leaves 1  ounce. 

Linseed  meal 3  ounces. 

Boiling  water 10  ounces. 

Mix  the  hemlock  and  meal,  and  add  them  to  the  water  gradually,  with 
constant  stirring. 

MlXTUBES    OF    CONITJM. 

Take  of  Extract  of  conium 5  grains. 

Carbonate  of  sodium 7^  grains. 

Spirit  of  pimento 30  minims. 

Decoction  of  liquorice to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     For  a  dose,  three  or  four  times  daily.  Guy's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Juice  of  conium 30  minims. 

Extract  of  henbane .      3  grains. 

Mucilage .  , 2  drachms. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Eoyal  Chest  Hospital. 

PILLS  OF  CONIUM. 

Take  of  Extract  of  conium 4  grains. 

Powder  of  ipecacuanha 1  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  Guy's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Extract  of  conium 4  grains. 

Ipecacuanha •§•  grain. 

Hydrochlorate  of  morphia £  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

Take  of  Extract  of  conium 3  grains. 

Sulphate  of  zinc 2  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Chest  Hospital. 


COPAIBA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— COPAIBA— BALSAM  OF  CO- 

PAIYA. 

The  oleoresin  obtained  from  Copaifera  officinalis,  L.,  and  other  species 
of  copaifera  (Nat.  ord.,  Leguminosce),  large  trees  indigenous  to  the  warmer 
regions  of  South  America. 

Copaiba  is  a  clear,  transparent  liquid  of  a  yellowish  color,  a  char- 
acteristic odor,  and  a  disagreeable,  nauseous  taste.  It  is  a  stimulant 
whose  effect  is  chiefly  upon  the  mucous  membranes,  and  particularly  those 


COPAIBA BALSAM    OF    COPAIVA.  141 

of  the  genitourinary  organs.     Used  in  diseases  of  the  mucous  membranes, 
as  chronic  bronchitis,  gonorrhoea,  gleet,  vesical  irritation,  etc. 
Dose  :  10  to  40  minims  or  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Oleum  Copaibae  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Oil  of  Copaiba. 
The  oil  obtained  from  copaiba  by  distillation. 
Dose  :  10  to  15  minims. 

Pilulge  Copaibae  (U.  S.,  FT.)— Pills  of  Copaiba. 

Take  of  Copaiba 2  ounces. 

Magnesia,  recently  prepared 60  grains. 

Mix,  allow  the  mass  to  concrete,  and  divide  into  200  pills. 
Dose  :  2  to  6  pills. 

ELECTUARY  OF  COPAIBA,  CUBEBS,  AND  CATECHU  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Copaiba. 1  part. 

Cubeb 1  part. 

Catechu 1  part. 

Mix  the  copaiba  and  catechu,  then  add  the  cubebs. 
Dose  :  -J-  to  1  drachm. 

MIXTURES  OF  COPAIBA. 

Take  of  Copaiba 1  ounce. 

Solution  of  potassa 2  drachms. 

Extract  of  liquorice ^  ounce. 

Spirit  of  nitrous  ether 1  ounce. 

Syrup  of  gum  arable 6  ounces. 

Oil  of  wintergreen 16  drops. 

Mix  the  copaiba  and  solution  of  potassa,  and  the  liquorice  and  spirit  of 
nitrous  ether  separately,  then  unite,  and  add  the  other  ingredients. 

Dose  :  £  ounce  after  meals.     In  gonorrhoea.  Bumstead. 

Take  of  Oil  of  copaiba 1  drachm. 

Oil  of  cubebs 1  drachm. 

Alum 2  drachms. 

White  sugar 4  drachms. 

Mucilage 3  drachms. 

Water 2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  three  times  a  day.     In  gonorrhoea. 

Bumstead. 

Take  of  Copaiba 10  drachms. 

Tincture  of  cantharides 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 2  drachms. 

Mix.     Dose  :  £  to  1  drachm.     In  gonorrhoea.  Bumstead. 


142  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Take  of  Copaiba 15  minims. 

Mucilage 2  drachms. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  St.  Thomas's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Copaiba. 20  minims. 

Solution  of  potassa 20  minims. 

Tincture  of  opium 5  minims. 

Peppermint  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Great  Northern  Hospital. 

Take  of  Copaiba 20  minims. 

Mucilage 40  minims. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid 10  minims. 

Acid  infusion  of  roses to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  St.  George's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Copaiba 25  parts. 

Syrup  of  tolu 25  parts. 

Syrup  of  gum  arabic 25  parts. 

Cinnamon  water 25  parts. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  or  2  drachms  three  times  a  day,  between  meals. 

G.  H.  Fox. 


CUPRUM— COPPER. 
Metallic  copper  is  not  used  medicinally. 


CUPRI    SUBACETAS    (U.   S.,  Fr.,   Ger.)— SUBACETATE   OF 
COPPER— YERDIGRIS. 

Prepared  by  exposing  copper  to  the  action  of  acetic  vapors.  It  occurs 
in  bluish  green  masses,  of  an  acetic  odor,  and  a  disagreeable,  coppery  taste. 
In  small  doses,  verdigris  is  astringent  and  tonic ;  in  overdoses  a  violent 
corrosive  poison  ;  applied  topically,  it  is  a  mild  escharotic,  and  is  occasion- 
ally used  in  venereal  ulcers  and  warts. 

Dose  :  J  to  J  grain. 

PREPARATION. 

VERDIGRIS  PLASTER  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Subacetate  of  copper 1  part. 

Turpentine 1  part. 

Burgundy  pitch 2  parts. 

Yellow  wax 4  parts. 

Rub  the  copper  and  turpentine  together,  and  add  to  the  pitch  and  wax 
previously  melted. 

Said  to  be  a  good  application  for  corns  and  warts. 


SULPHATE    OF    COPPER BLUE    VITKIOL.  143 


CUPRI  SULPHAS   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SULPHATE   OF   COP- 
PER—BLUE  VITRIOL. 

Obtained  on  a  large  scale  from  copper  pyrites,  and  may  be  prepared 
by  dissolving  copper  in  hot  sulphuric  acid.  It  occurs  in  beautiful  blue 
crystals,  readily  soluble  in  water,  and  having  an  acid,  styptic  taste. 

In  small  doses  it  is  tonic  and  astringent ;  in  large  doses,  a  prompt  and 
efficient  emetic.  It  is  employed  topically  as  an  astringent  and  mild  es- 
charotic. 

Dose :  |  to  £  grain,  tonic  ;  3  to  5  grains,  emetic. 

COLLYRIUM  OF  SULPHATE  OF  COPPER. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  copper 2  grains. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Dissolve.  Stimulant  and  astringent.  Used  in  a  number  of  the  hos- 
pitals of  this  country  and  Europe. 

INJECTIONS  OF  SULPHATE  OF  COPPER. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  copper 12  grains. 

Water 4to6  ounces. 

Dissolve.     Used  in  gonorrhoea.  Bumstead. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  copper 4  grains. 

Sulphate  of  morphia 8  grains. 

Solution  of  subacetate  of  lead 1  drachm. 

Rose  water 4  ounces. 

Mix.     Used  in  gonorrhoea  after  the  acute  stage.  Bartholow. 

MIXTURES  OF  SULPHATE  OF  COPPER. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  copper \  grain. 

Sulphate  of  magnesium 1  ounce. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid 1  drachm. 

Water 4  ounces. 

MX.     Dose  :  \  ounce  every  four  hours.     In  dysentery.       Bartholow. 

PILLS  OF  SULPHATE  OF  COPPER, 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  copper 1  grain. 

Sulphate  of  morphia 1  grain. 

Sulphate  of  quinia 24  grains. 

Mix,  and  make  24  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  three  times  a  day.  In  chronic  diarrhoea  and  chronic  dys- 
entery. Bartholow. 


144  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  copper J  grain. 

Opium £  grain. 

Extract  of  gentian 2  grains. 

Make  1  pill.     Dose  :  1  or  2  pills.        Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  copper £  grain. 

Extract  of  opium ^  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  Eoyal  Free  Hospital. 


CUPEUM  AMMOJSTIATUM  (U.  S.)— AMMONIATED  COPPER 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  copper £  ounce. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium 360  grains. 

Rub  together,  wrap  in  bibulous  paper,  and  dry  with  a  gentle  heat. 

This  salt  has  a  deep  blue  color,  an  ainmoniacal  odor,  and  is  freely  solu- 
ble in  water.  It  has  been  used  with  asserted  benefit  in  epilepsy,  chorea, 
and  other  nervous  diseases. 

Dose  :  £  to  £  grain. 


CORIAISrDRUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)~COKIANDER 

The  fruit  of  Coriandrum  sativum,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Umbelliferce),  an  annual 
herb  indigenous  to  the  Mediterranean  and  Caucasian  regions,  but  natu- 
ralized throughout  Europe. 

Coriander  is  an  aromatic  stimulant  and  carminative.  Used  as  an  ad- 
junct to  other  medicines. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 

OIL  OF  CORIANDER  (Br.). 

The  oil  obtained  from  coriander  by  distillation. 
Dose  :  2  to  10  minims.     Chiefly  used  for  flavoring. 

SPIRIT  OF  CORIANDER  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Coriander 1  part. 

Alcohol  (80#) 8  parts. 

Macerate  two  days,  and  distil  off  the  spirit. 


DOGWOOD CREASOTE.  145 


COKNUS  FLORIDA  (U.  S.)—  DOGWOOD. 

The  bark  of  Cornus  florida,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Cornacece),  the  flowering  dog- 
wood of  North  America.  The  bark  of  Cornus  sericea,  L.,  and  Cornus  cir- 
cinata,  L'Her.,  though  not  officinal,  possesses  similar  properties. 

Dogwood  possesses  bitter  tonic  properties  similar  to  those  of  cinchona. 
It  was  formerly  much  used  as  an  antiperiodic  in  intermittent  fever,  and 
often  with  success.  It  may  be  employed  with  benefit  as  a  tonic  in  conva- 
lescence from  acute  diseases. 

Dose  ;      to  1  drachm. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Decoctum  Cornus  Floridae  (U.  S.)  —  Decoction  of  Dogwood. 

Take  of  Dogwood  ................................     1  ounce. 

Water  ...................................     sufficient. 

Boil  the  dogwood  in  1  pint  of  water  for  fifteen  minutes,  strain,  and  add 
sufficient  water  through  the  strainer  to  make  1  pint. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

Extractum  Cornus  Floridae  Fluidum  (U.  S.)  —  Fluid  Extract  of  Dog- 

wood. 

Take  of  Dogwood  ...............    ................   16  ounces. 

Glycerin  .................................     4  ounces. 

Alcohol  ..................................     sufficient. 

Water  ...................................     sufficient. 


Mix  8  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  5  of  water,  moisten  the 
dogwood  with  5  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general 
formula,  page  161.  Finish  the  percoktion  with  diluted  alcohol,  reserve  14 
ounces,  and  add  1  ounce  of  glycerin  to  the  remainder  before  evaporation. 

Dose  :      to  1  drachm. 


CBEASOTUH  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CEEASOTE. 

Creasote  is  one  of  the  products  of  the  destructive  distillation  of  wood. 
It  is  a  colorless,  oily,  neutral  liquid,  of  a  strong,  smoky  odor,  and  a  very 
caustic  taste.  Its  medicinal  effects  and  uses  are  similar  to  those  of  carbolic 
acid,  which  has  superseded  it  to  a  very  great  extent.  Often  applied  topical- 
ly for  the  relief  of  toothache,  and  occasionally  administered  internally  in 
obstinate  vomiting. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  minims,  largely  diluted. 
10 


146  MEDICAL   FOKMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Aqua  Creasoti  (U.  S.,  Ger.) — Creasote  Water. 

Take  of  Creasote 1  drachm. 

Distilled  water 1  pint. 

Mix,  agitate  till  the  creasote  is  dissolved,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms. 

INHALATION  OF  CREASOTE  (Br.). 

Take  of  Creasote 12  minims. 

Boiling  water 8  ounces. 

Mix,  and  inhale  the  vapor  through  a  suitable  apparatus. 

CREASOTE  MIXTURE  (Br.). 

Take  of  Creasote 16  minims. 

Glacial  acetic  acid 16  minims. 

Spirit  of  juniper J  drachm. 

Syrup  .'. 1  ounce. 

Distilled  water 15  ounces. 

Mix  the  creasote  and  acid,  then  add  the  water,  and  lastly  the  other  in- 
gredients. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

OINTMENT  OF  CREASOTE  (Br.). 

Take  of  Creasote 1  drachm. 

Simple  ointment 1  ounce. 

Mix. 

BATH  OF  CREASOTE. 

Take  of  Creasote i  ounce. 

Glycerin 2  ounces. 

Water 30  gallons. 

Mix.  British  Skin  Hospital. 

MIXTURE  OF  CREASOTE. 

Take  of  Creasote 1  minim. 

Tincture  of  opium 2  minims. 

Spirit  of  chloroform 15  minims. 

Glycerin 1  drachm. 

Water to  one  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Royal  Chest  Hospital. 

PILL  OF  CREASOTE. 

Take  of  Creasote 1  minim. 

Compound  asafetida  pill 2  grains. 

Compound  rhubarb  pill 2  grains. 

Make  1  pill.       »  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital. 


SAFFKON CUBEB.  147 


CKOCUS  (U.  S:  et  al.  Ph.)— SAFFKOK 

The  stigmas  of  Crocus  sativus,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Iridacece),  a  bulbous  plant 
indigenous  to  Greece  and  Asia  Minor,  but  so  long  cultivated  as  to  have  be- 
come naturalized  in  many  other  countries. 

Saffron  is  stimulant  and  antispasmodic.  Formerly  very  much  used,  it 
has  latterly  fallen  into  disrepute  with  physicians,  though  it  is  still  largely 
employed  as  a  popular  remedy.  Hot  decoctions  are  often  administered  to 
hasten  the  eruption  of  exanthematous  diseases,  to  allay  the  pains  of  dys- 
menorrhoea,  and  to  favor  the  return  of  the  menses  in  amenorrhcea.  It  is 
also  used  as  a  coloring  agent  in  pharmacopoeial  preparations. 

Dose  :  10  to  20  grains. 

PREPARATION. 

TINCTURE  OF  SAFFRON   (Br.,  Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Saffron.    1  ounce. 

Proof  spirit 20  ounces. 

Macerate,  percolate,  and  add  proof  spirit  to  make  20  ounces. 
Dose  :  1  to  3  drachms.     Used  chiefly  for  coloring. 


CUBEBA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CUBEB. 

The  unripe  fruit  of  Piper  cubeba,  L.  (Cubeba  officinalis,  Miq. ;  Nat.  ord., 
Piper acece],  a  woody  climber  indigenous  to  Java,  Borneo,  and  Sumatra. 

Cubebs  resemble  black  pepper  in  general  appearance,  but  are  lighter  col- 
ored. They  have  a  strongly  aromatic  taste,  with  some  bitterness  and 
acridity. 

Cubebs  have  a  stimulant  action  upon  the  mucous  membranes,  especially 
those  of  the  genito-urinary  system.  They  are  largely  used  in  the  treatment 
of  gonorrhoaa,  cystitis,  and  other  genito-urinary  diseases,  and  in  chronic 
bronchitis,  etc. 

Dose  :  10  grains  to  3  drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  Cubebae  Fluidum  (U.  S.)— Fluid  Extract  of  Cubeb.  • 

Take  of  Cubeb 16  ounces. 

Stronger  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  cubeb  with  5  ounces  of  the  alcohol,  and  proceed  according 
to  the  general  formula,  page  161. 
Dose  :  -J-  to  1  drachm. 


148  MEDICAL    FORMULAE Y. 

Oleoresina  Cubebae  (U.  S.)^Oleoresin  of  Cubeb. 

Take  of  Cubeb 12  ounces. 

Ether sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  24  ounces  ;  distil  off  most  of  the  ether, 
and  allow  the  remainder  to  evaporate  spontaneously. 
Dose  :  5  to  30  minims. 

Oleum  Cubebae  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Oil  of  Cubeb. 

The  oil  obtained  from  cubeb  by  distillation. 
Dose  :  5  to  20  minims. 

Tinctura  Cubebae  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Tincture  of  Cubeb. 

Take  of  Cubeb 4  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  •£•  to  2  drachms. 

Trochisci  Cubebae  (U.  S.)— Troches  of  Cubeb. 

Take  of  Oleoresin  of  cubeb -J  ounce. 

Oil  of  sassafras 1  drachm. 

Liquorice 4  ounces. 

Gum  arabic 2  ounces. 

Sugar 3  ounces. 

Syrup  of  tolu sufficient. 

Mix  the  powders,  add  the  oleoresin  and  oil,  then  the  syrup,  and  divide 
into  480  troches. 

CONFECTION  OF  CUBEB. 

Take  of  Cubeb 4  drachms. 

Copaiba 2  drachms. 

Treacle 2  drachms. 

Mix.     Dose  :  2  drachms.  St.  Mary's  Hospital. 

PILLS  OF  CUBEB  AND  COPAIBA. 

Take  of  Cubeb 2  ounces. 

Subnitrate  of  bismuth 2  ounces. 

Copaiba 2  ounces. 

Magnesia 1  drachm. 

Oil  of  peppermint 20  drops. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  pills  of  5  grains  each.  Bumstead. 

POWDER  OF  CUBEB  AND  IKON. 

Take  of  Cubeb 2  drachms. 

Carbonate  of  iron -J-  drachm. 

Mix.     To  be  taken  three  times  a  day,  in  gonorrhoea.  Bumstead. 

See  also  Copaiba. 


LADIES7    SLIPPER STAVESACRE.  149 

CYPRIPEDIUM     (U.    S.)— CYPRIPEDIUM— LADIES'    SLIP- 
PEE. 

The  rhizome  and  rootlets  of  Cypripedium  pubescens,  Willd.,  and  of 
Cypripedium  parvinorum,  Salisb.  (Nat.  ord.,  Orchidacece),  herbaceous  peren- 
nials indigenous  to  North  America,  growing  in  bogs  and  low  woods. 

Cypripedium  is  a  nervous  stimulant,  producing  effects  similar  to  those 
of  valerian. 

Dose  :  15  to  30  grains. 


DELPHINIUM  STAPHISAGEIA  (Fr.)— STAYESACKE. 

The  seeds  of  Delphinium  Staphisagria,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Ranunculacece], 
a  biennial  herb,  native  of  the  south  of  Europe  and  Asia  Minor,  but  exten- 
sively naturalized  in  other  countries. 

It  owes  its  medicinal  activity  to  an  alkaloid  termed  delphinia,  which 
may  be  obtained  by  exhausting  an  alcoholic  extract  with  boiling  water 
acidulated  with  sulphuric  acid,  and  then  precipitating  the  alkaloid  with 
ammonia. 

The  powdered  seeds  are  sometimes  used  to  destroy  pediculi,  while  the 
tincture  has  been  employed  both  externally  and  internally  in  rheumatism, 
neuralgia,  and  skin  diseases.  Delphinia  is  employed  for  the  same  pur- 
poses. 

Dose  :  of  the  powdered  seeds,  1  to  3  grains ;  of  delphinia,  -^  to  £ 
grain. 

PREPARATIONS. 

OINTMENT  OF  DELPHINIA. 

Take  of  Delphinia 30  grains. 

Olive  oil 1  drachm. 

Lard 1  ounce. 

Rub  the  delphinia  first  with  the  oil,  then  add  the  lard.  Boyle. 

SOLUTION  OF  DELPHINIA. 

Take  of  Delphinia 40  grains. 

Rectified  spirit ,     2  ounces. 

Dissolve.     For  external  use.  Eoyle. 

TINCTURE  OF  STAVESACEE. 

Take  of  Stavesacre 1  part. 

Alcohol 5  parts. 

Macerate  two  weeks,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  10  to  15  minims. 


S150  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

DIGITALIS   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— DIGITALIS— FOXGLOVE. 

The  leaves  of  Digitalis  purpurea,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Scrophulariacece),  a  per- 
ennial herb  indigenous  to  Europe,  but  cultivated  in  this  country,  mainly 
for  ornamental  purposes.  For  medicinal  use  the  leaves  should  be  collected 
from  plants  growing  without  cultivation. 

Digitalis,  in  large  doses,  is  a  cardiac  poison.  In  doses  which  fall  just 
short  of  fatal  effect,  it  causes  faintness,  nausea,  vomiting,  and  diarrhoea,  to- 
gether with  irregularity  of  the  heart's  action,  and  a  notable  fall  of  bodily 
temperature.  In  smaller  doses  it  reduces  the  frequency  of  the  heart's  pulsa- 
tions, while  it  adds  to  their  force.  It  also  has  a  powerful  diuretic  action. 

Digitalis  is  administered  in  certain  cases  of  organic  disease  of  the  heart, 
especially  where  there  are  feebleness  and  irregularity  of  its  action,  with  or 
without  dropsical  effusion.  It  is  also  used  in  dropsy  dependent  upon  renal 
congestion,  in  certain  hemorrhages,  in  delirium  tremens,  and  sometimes  in 
acute  inflammatory  diseases. 

The  effects  of  digitalis  depend  upon  a  principle  termed  digitolin.  As  at 
present  obtained,  this  is  a  somewhat  unreliable  preparation. 

Dose  :  Of  the  powdered  leaves,  ^  to  3  grains. 

Extractum  Digitalis  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— Extract  of  Digitalis. 

Take  of  Digitalis,  recently  dried 12  ounces. 

Alcohol 1  pint. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  digitalis  with  the  alcohol,  then  percolate  with  diluted  alcohol 
until  1  pint  is  obtained.  Allow  this  to  evaporate  spontaneously  to  3  ounces. 
Continue  the  percolation  until  2  pints  more  are  obtained,  or  the  digitalis  is 
exhausted.  Evaporate  this,  at  or  below  160°,  to  a  syrupy  consistence,  mix 
with  the  3  ounces  first  obtained,  and  evaporate,  at  or  below  120°,  to  the 
proper  consistence. 

Dose  :  £  to  ^  grain. 

The  French  Codex  prepares  an  alcoholic  and  an  aqueous  extract  from 
the  dried  leaves  ;  the  German  Pharmacopoeia,  an  alcoholic  extract  from  the 
fresh  leaves. 

Extractum  Digitalis  Fluidum  (U.  S.)— Fluid  Extract  of  Digitalis. 

Take  of  Digitalis 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  12  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  1  of  water,  moisten  the 
digitalis  with  \  pint  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general 
formula,  page  161.     Finish  the  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol,  reserve  14 
ounces,  and  add  1  ounce  of  glycerin  to  the  remainder,  before  evaporation. 
Dose  :  1  to  3  minims. 


DIGITALIS.  151 

Infusum  Digitalis  (U.  S.,  Br. )—  Infusion  of  Digitalis. 

Take  of  Digitalis,  recently  dried 60  grains. 

Tincture  of  cinnamon 1  ounce. 

Boiling  water £  pint. 

Macerate  the  digitalis  in  the  water  for  two  hours,  in  a  covered  vessel, 
strain,  and  add  the  tincture  of  cinnamon. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  :  digitalis,  30  grains ;  boiling  dis- 
tilled water,  10  ounces. 

Tinctura  Digitalis  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Tincture  of  Digitalis. 

Take  of  Digitalis,  recently  dried 4  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints.  • 

Dose  :  10  to  20  minims. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  the  proportion  of  2^  to  20  ;  the 
French  Codex,  1  to  4  ;  while  the  German  Pharmacopoeia  employs  fresh 
leaves  and  tops,  5  parts  ;  alcohol,  6  parts.  The  French  Codex  also  prepares 
a  tincture  similar  to  the  German,  from  the  fresh  plant. 

MIXTURES  OF  DIGITALIS. 

Take  of  Infusion  of  digitalis 2  ounces. 

Tincture  of  rhatany 1  ounce. 

Fluid  extract  of  ergot 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  £  ounce  as  required.     In  hemorrhages.  Bartholoiu. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  digitalis 16  drops. 

Chloride  of  ammonium 16  grains. 

Syrup  of  tolu 1  ounce. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  drachm  every  two  hours,  for  a  child  of  one  year.  In 
bronchitis.  J.  Lewis  Smith. 


Take  of  Infusion  of  digitalis 8  ounces. 

Bromide  of  potassium 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :    £  ounce  morning  and  night,  and  after  a  week,  at  night 
only.     In  the  spermatorrhoea  of  plethora.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  digitalis 10  minims. 

Spirit  of  nitrous  ether 30  minims. 

Bitartrate  of  potassium 40  grains. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  London  Fever  Hospital. 


152  MEDICAL    FOKMULAKY. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  digitalis 5  minims. 

Vinegar  of  squill 20  minims. 

Acetate  of  potassium 20  grains. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  British  Skin  Hospital. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  digitalis 15  minims. 

Diluted  phosphoric  acid 15  minims. 

Sulphate  of  quinia 5  grains. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.     Antipyretic.  Fothergill. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  digitalis 10  minims. 

Spirit  of  nitrous  ether ^  drachm. 

Infusion  of  buchu 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Take  three  times  a  day,  in  cardiac  debility  with  scanty  urine. 

Fothergill. 

PILLS  OF  DIGITALIS. 

Take  of  Digitalis ^  grain. 

Sulphate  of  iron £  grain. 

Capsicum ^  grain 

Compound  rhubarb  pill 1^  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  Samaritan  Hospital. 

Take  of  Digitalis j-  grain. 

Squill 1  grain 

Blue  pill 1  grain. 

Liquorice 1  grain. 

Treacle to  5  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  Middlesex  Hospital. 


DIGITALINUM  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— DIGITALIS. 

A  concentrated  tincture  of  digitalis  is  mixed  with  acetic  acid  and 
animal  charcoal,  filtered,  nearly  neutralized  with  ammonia,  and  precipi- 
tated with  a  solution  of  tannin.  The  precipitate  is  mixed  with  oxide  of 
lead,  dried,  mixed  with  animal  charcoal,  digested  with  alcohol,  filtered,  and 
evaporated  to  dryness.  Lastly,  the  powdered  product  is  washed  with  ether 
to  remove  impurities. 

Digitalin  is  a  white,  or  yellowish-white  powder,  without  odor,  and 
having  a  very  bitter  taste. 

Dose  :  ^  to  ^  grain. 


BITTERSWEET ELATERIUM.  153 


DULCAMARA  (IT.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— BITTERSWEET. 

The  young  branches  of  Solamim  dulcamara,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Soianacece), 
a  plant  with  a  perennial  root,  and  an  herbaceous,  climbing  stem,  indige- 
nous to  Europe,  but  naturalized  and  very  common  in  this  country. 

Bittersweet  is  narcotic,  diuretic,  diaphoretic,  and  alterative.  Used  in 
chronic  skin  diseases,  chronic  rheumatism,  bronchitis,  etc. 

Dose  :  30  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Decoctum  Dulcamaras  (U.  S.) — Decoction  of  Bittersweet. 

Take  of  Bittersweet 1  ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil  in   1  pint  of  water  for  fifteen  minutes,  strain,  and  add  sufficient 
water  through  the  strainer  to  make  1  pint. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 
Similar  to  the  Infusion  of  Bittersweet,  Br. 

Extractum  Dulcamarae  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.) — Extract  of  Bittersweet. 

Take  of  Bittersweet 12  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Exhaust  the  bittersweet  by  percolation,  distil  off  the  alcohol,  strain, 
and  evaporate  to  a  proper  consistence. 
Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 

Extractum   Dulcamarae   Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Bitter- 
sweet. 

Take  of  Bittersweet 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water,  each sufficient. 

Mix  8  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  5  of  water,  moisten  the 
bittersweet  with  6  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the 
general  formula,  page  1C1.  Finish  the  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol, 
and  add  1  ounce  of  glycerin  to  the  remainder,  before  evaporation. 

Dose  :  30  to  60  minims. 


ELATERIUM  (U.  S.,  Br.)— ELATERIUM. 

A  peculiar,  pulverulent  substance  deposited  by  the  juice  of  Ecballium 
Elaterium,  Richard  (Nat.  ord.,  Cucurbitacece),  a  prostrate  annual  plant,  in- 
digenous to  the  south  of  Europe,  growing  in  waste  places,  but  cultivated 
in  Germany,  France,  and  England. 


154  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

The  juice  is  expressed  from  the  nearly  ripe  fruit,  set  aside  to  deposit, 
and  the  deposit  subsequently  dried  on  linen  filters. 

Elaterium  occurs  in  thin,  friable  flakes,  of  a  pale  greenish  color,  and  an 
acrid,  bitterish  taste.  It  is  a  very  active  hydragogue  cathartic,  and  is  much 
used  in  dropsy,  especially  when  dependent  upon  renal  disease. 

Its  active  principle,  elaterin,  is  much  more  reliable  than  the  crude  drug, 
and  is  generally  preferred. 

Dose  :  y1^  to  £  grain. 

PREPARATIONS. 

COMPOUND  POWDER  OF  ELATEBIUM  (Br.). 

Take  of  Elaterium 10  grains. 

Sugar  of  milk 90  grains. 

Rub  to  a  fine  powder. 
Dose  :  %  to  5  grains. 

PILLS  OF  ELATERIUM. 

Take  of  Elaterium y1^  grain. 

Extract  of  henbane 4  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  St.  Mary's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Elaterium -J  grain. 

Extract  of  belladonna £  grain. 

Capsicum 1  grain. 

Extract  of  jalap 3^  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  Charing  Cross  Hospital. 


ELATEKINUM— ELATEKIK 

The  best  method  of  obtaining  it  is  to  exhaust  elaterium  with  chloro- 
form, then  add  ether,  which  will  cause  the  elaterin  to  deposit  as  a  white, 
crystalline  powder.  Fliickiger  and  Hanbury. 

Dose  :  ^  to  £  grain. 

SOLUTION  OF  ELATERIN. 

Take  of  Elaterin 1  grain. 

Nitric  acid  f 4  drops. 

Alcohol 1  ounce. 

Mix,     Dose  :  30  to  40  minims.  U.  S.  Dispensatory. 


SIMPLE    ELIXIR ELEMI.  155 


ELIXIR  SIMPLEX— SIMPLE   ELIXIR. 

Take  of  Oil  of  orange 5  parts. 

Oil  of  Ceylon  cinnamon 2  parts. 

Sugar  in  coarse  powder 1,000  parts. 

Precipitated  phosphate  of  calcium 30  parts. 

Alcohol  (stronger  ale.) sufficient. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  oils  in  sufficient  alcohol  to  make  the  solution  weigh  300 
parts.  Dissolve  the  sugar  in  1,700  parts  of  distilled  water  by  agitation, 
without  heat.  Add  the  latter  solution  gradually,  and  in  small  portions  at 
a  time,  to  the  alcoholic  solution  of  the1*  oils,  constantly  stirring,  until  a  per- 
manent milkiness  makes  its  appearance.  Then  reverse  the  proceeding,  by 
gradually  pouring  the  milky  mixture  into  the  remainder  of  the  syrup, 
under  constant  stirring.  Rub  the  precipitated  phosphate  of  calcium  with 
a  small  quantity  of  the  syrup  to  a  smooth,  thin  paste,  mix  this  thoroughly 
with  the  rest  of  the  syrup,  and  filter  through  a  well- wetted  white  filter. 
Return  the  first  portions,  until  the  filtrate  runs  off  clear.  When  all  the 
liquid  has  passed,  wash  the  filter  with  a  mixture  of  alcohol,  1  part,  and  dis- 
tilled water,  6  parts,  until  the  whole  product  weighs  3,000  parts. 

Charles  Rice,  Report  of  Am.  Ph.  Ass'n. 

This  elixir  furnishes  an  admirable  vehicle  for  the  administration  of 
many  remedies.  If  physicians  would  employ  such  a  vehicle,  adding  to  it 
extemporaneously  such  remedies  as  are  desired,  instead  of  prescribing  the 
compound  elixirs  so  much  in  vogue,  they  would  often  save  themselves  much 
disappointment. 


ELEMI  (Br.,  Ger.,  Fr.)— ELEMI. 

A  concrete,  resinous  exudation,  the  botanical  source  of  which  is  unde- 
termined, but  is  probably  Canariuin  commune,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Amyridacece), 
chiefly  imported  from  Manilla, 

It  occurs  as  a  soft,  unctuous,  adhesive  mass,  becoming  harder  and  more 
resinous  by  age,  of  a  yellowish- white  color,  and  a  fragrant,  fennel-like  odor. 
Little  used  in  this  country,  but  extensively  employed  in  Europe.  Its  prop- 
erties are  of  a  terebinthinate  character. 

PREPARATION. 

OINTMENT  OF  ET.KMT  (Br.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Elemi £  ounce. 

Simple  ointment 1  ounce. 

Melt,  strain,  and  stir  until  cool. 


156  MEDICAL    FORMULAE Y. 

EMETIA— EMETINE. 

An  alkaloid  occurring  in  ipecacuanha.  It  may  be  obtained  by  drying 
the  powdered  bark  of  the  root  with  a  little  milk  of  lime,  and  exhausting 
the  mixture  with  boiling  chloroform,  petroleum -benzin,  or  ether.  It  is  a 
white  powder,  turning  brown  on  exposure  to  light. 

Fluckiger  and  Hanbury. 
i 

Dose  :  -J-  to  £  grain,  emetic  ;  -fa  to  -fa  grain,  diaphoretic  and  expecto 
rant. 


EKGOTA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)-EKGOT. 

The  compact  mycelium  or  spawn  of  Claviceps  purpurea,  Tulasne  (Nat. 
ord.j  Fungi),  a  fungus  developed  in  the  heads  of  numerous  plants  of  the 
order  Graminese.  For  medicinal  use  it  is  obtained  almost  exclusively 
from  rye,  Secale  cornutum,  L.  It  has  a  peculiar,  nauseous  odor,  and  a 
bitterish,  acrid  taste. 

Ergot  of  rye  acts  specifically  upon  the  uterus,  both  in  the  impregnated 
and  unimpregnated  state.  It  is  used  to  increase  the  uterine  contractions  in 
childbirth,  when  these  are  too  feeble  to  expel  the  foetus,  provided  there  be 
no  mechanical  obstacle,  and,  after  delivery,  to  restrain  or  prevent  hemor- 
rhage ;  also  in  menorrhagia,  metrorrhagia,  and  other  uterine  affections. 
It  is  also  used  in  other  hemorrhages,  as  in  those  from  the  nose,  lungs, 
stomach,  intestines,  bladder,  etc. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATION. 
Extractum  Ergotae  Fluidum  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Fluid  Extract  of  Ergot. 

Take  of  Ergot 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Acetic  acid £  ounce. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  8  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  5  of  water,  moisten  the 
ergot  with  4  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general 
formula,  page  161.  Finish  the  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol,  reserve 
14  ounces,  and  add  the  acid  and  1  ounce  of  glycerin  to  the  remainder,  be- 
fore evaporation. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  minims. 

This  is  the  best  preparation  of  ergot  for  general  use. 

The  British  preparation  is  termed  Liquid  Extract  of  Ergot ;  it  contains 
neither  acid  nor  glycerin. 


EEGOT.  157 

Vinum  Ergotae  (U.  S.)—  Wine  of  Ergot. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  ergot 4  ounces. 

Sherry  wine 28  ounces. 

Mix,  and  filter. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  drachms. 

This  preparation  has  no  advantage  over  extemporaneous  mixtures  of 
wine  and  fluid  extract  of  ergot.  When  the  stomach  is  irritable,  the  admin- 
istration of  wine  or  other  stimulant  with  ergot  is  often  useful. 

EXTRACT  OF  ERGOT  (Ger.) — Ergotin. 

Take  of  Ergot 1  part. 

Diluted  alcohol 1  part. 

Distilled  water 4  parts. 

Macerate  the  ergot  for  six  hours  in  2  parts  of  the  water,  strain,  and  ex- 
press ;  repeat  the  operation  with  the  remainder  of  the  water,  mix  the 
liquids,  evaporate  to  the  consistence  of  thin  syrup,  and  add  the  alcohol. 
After  twenty-four  hours,  filter,  and  evaporate  to  a  thick  extract. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 

INFUSION  OF  ERGOT  (Br.). 

•  Take  of  Ergot £  ounce. 

Boiling  distilled  water 10  ounces. 

Infuse  in  a  covered  vessel,  for  half  an  hour,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

TINCTURE  OF  ERGOT  (Br.). 

Take  of  Ergot 5  ounces. 

Proof  spirit 20  ounces. 

Macerate  the  ergot  in  15  ounces  of  the  spirit,  for  forty-eight  hours, 
then  percolate  with  the  remainder  of  the  spirit,  express,  and  add  enough 
more  to  make  20  ounces. 

Dose  :  10  minims  to  1  drachm. 

HYPODERMIC  INJECTION  OF  ERGOTTN. 

Take  of  Ergotin 30  grains. 

Water 13  drachms. 

Glycerin 13  drachms. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm.  National  Dispensatory. 

MIXTURES  OF  ERGOT. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  ergot 20  minims. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium 4  grains. 

Spirit  of  chloroform 15  minims. 

Camphor  water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  University  College  Hospital. 


158  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  ergot 20  minims. 

Aromatic  sulphuric  acid 10  minims. 

Cinnamon  water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Samaritan  Hospital. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  ergot 15  minims. 

Sulphate  of  magnesium 1  drachm. 

Gallic  acid 10  grains. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid 5  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Royal  Chest  Hospital. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  ergot 15  minims. 

Tincture  of  perchloride  of  iron 15  minims. 

Spirit  of  chloroform 15  minims. 

Infusion  of  quassia 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  St.  Mary's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  ergot |-  ounce. 

Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  nux  vomica 2  drachms. 

Mix.    Dose :  30  minims  three  times  daily. 

In  subinvolution  of  the  uterus,  metrorrhagia,  etc. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  ergot 3£  ounces. 

Tincture  of  digitalis £  ounce. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  drachm  three  times  a  day.  In  dilatation  of  the  heart 
without  valvular  lesions.  Bartholow. 

PILLS  OF  ERGOT. 

Take  of  Extract  of  ergot 1  grain. 

Tannic  acid 2  grains. 

Extract  of  opium \  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Chest  Hospital. 

SUPPOSITORIES  OP  ERGOT. 

Take  of  Aqueous  extract  of  ergot  (Squibb's) 40  grains. 

Oil  of  theobroma 50  grains. 

Mix  and  divide  into  12  rectal  suppositories. 

One  mOrning  and  evening,  for  two  days  before  menstruation  comes  on, 
then  1  three  times  a  day,  until  metrorrhagia  ceases. 

In  metrorrhagia  at  the  climacteric,  when  not  the  result  of  organic  dis- 
ease requiring  surgical  measures,  though  I  have  found  this  treatment  suc- 
cessful in  metrorrhagia  due  to  submucous  fibroids. 


FLEABANE COCA.  159 

The  patient  should  keep  the  recumbent  posture  during  the  first  two  or 
three  days  of  the  flow,  after  which  it  is  generally  unnecessary,  except  the 
hour  after  each  suppository  is  used:  Fordyce  Barker. 

See  also  Mixtures  of  Bromide  of  Potassium. 


EEIGEROX  (U.  S.)—  FLEABANE. 

The  leaves  and  tops  of  Erigeron  Canadense,  L.,  Canada  fleabane,  and 
of  E.  Philadelphicum,  L.,  Philadelphia  fleabane  (Nat.  ord.}  Composite?),  both 
indigenous  herbs,  and  found  everywhere  as  common  weeds. 

Erigeron  acts  as  a  diuretic,  and  is*  used  in  dropsy,  and  genito-urinary 
diseases. 

Dose  :  •£•  to  1  drachm. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum  Erigerontis  Canadensis  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract 

of  Canada  Erigeron. 

Take  of  Canada  erigeron 16  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  erigeron  with  ^  pint  of  alcohol,  and  proceed  according  to 
the  general  formula,  page  161. 
Dose  :  £  to  1  drachm. 

Oleum  Erigerontis  Canadensis  (U.  S.) — Oil  of  Canada  Erigeron. 
The  oil  obtained  from  Canada  erigeron  by  distillation. 
Dose  :  5  to  10  minims. 


ERYTHEOXYLON— COCA. 

The  leaves  of  Erythroxylon  coca,  Lam.  (Nat.  ord.,  Erythroxylacece),  a 
shrub  indigenous  to  the  mountains  of  Peru  and  Bolivia.  The  leaves  are 
chewed  by  the  natives,  apparently  for  the  same  reasons  that  other  nations 
use  tobacco.  It  is  said  to  satisfy  hunger,  strengthen  the  weak,  and  to 
solace  men  under  misfortune.  Those  who  use  it  are  said  to  undergo 
fatigue  and  privation  with  it  alone,  better  than  others  without  it,  but  abun- 
dantly supplied  with  food.  Many  of  the  statements  concerning  its  virtues 
lack  confirmation,  and  its  true  place  in  the  inateria  medica  is  not  at  present 
decided. 

Dose  :      to  2  drachms. 


160  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

PREPARATION. 

TINCTURE  OF  COCA. 

Take  of  Coca 1  part. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  5  parts. 

Dose :  1  to  2  drachms.  J.  P.  Remington,  Report  Am.  Ph.  Ass'n. 


EUCALYPTUS— BLUE  GUM  TEEE. 

The  leaves  of  Eucalyptus  globulus,  Labill.  (Nat.  ord.,  Myrtacece),  a  tree 
indigenous  to  Tasmania  and  Victoria,  and  recently  introduced  into  Europe, 
and  also  into  California  and  the  Southern  States. 

Eucalyptus  leaves,  and  the  oil  obtained  from  them,  have  been  used 
with  asserted  benefit  in  intermittent  fevers,  but  their  antiperiodic  powers 
are  doubted  by  many.  The  drug  seems  to  possess  tonic  and  stimulant 
properties  which  may  ultimately  give  it  an  established  position,  but  at 
present  little  is  positively  known  of  it. 

Dose  :  15  to  60  grains. 

OIL  OF  EUCALYPTUS. 

The  oil  obtained  from  eucalyptus  by  distillation. 
Dose  :  10  to  20  minims. 

TINCTURE  OF  EUCALYPTUS. 

Take  of  Eucalyptus 1  part. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  5  parts. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  drachms.  J.  P.  Remington,  Report  Am.  Ph.  Ass'n. 


EUONYMUS  (U.  S.)— WAHOO. 

The  bark  of  Euonymus  atropurpureus,  Jacq.  (Nat.  ord.,  Sapindacece),  a 
shrub  indigenous  to  North  America.  Wahoo,  in  moderate  doses,  is  a  mild 
cathartic,  somewhat  resembling  rhubarb  in  its  action,  and  may  be  usefully 
employed  in  habitual  constipation.  In  large  doses  it  may  act  as  a  hydragogue, 
and  also  stimulate  the  kidneys  to  increased  activity. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 

INFUSION  OF  EUONYMUS. 

Take  of  Euonymus 1  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Infuse  for  half  an  hour,  and  strain. 
Dose :  2  to  4  ounces. 


BONESET FLUID  EXTRACTS.  161 

TINCTURE  OF  EUONYMUS. 

Take  of  Euonymus 1  part. 

Diluted  alcohol 2  parts. 

Macerate  two  weeks,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 


EUPATORIUM  (U.  S.)— THOROUGHWORT— BONESET. 

The  leaves  and  flowering  tops  of  Eupatorium  perfoliatum,  L.  (Nat.  ord., 
Composite),  an  herbaceous  perennial  indigenous  to  North  America,  grow- 
ing in  damp  and  swampy  places. 

Boneset  has  a  strongly  bitter  taste,  and  possesses  diaphoretic,  expectorant, 
and  tonic  properties.  As  a  diaphoretic  it  is  used  in  acute  bronchial  affec- 
tions, rheumatism,  intermittent  and  remittent  fevers,  etc.,  the  warm,  in- 
fusion being  taken  freely.  Very  large  doses  of  the  warm  infusion  act  as 
an  emetic.  The  infusion  taken  quite  cold  is  used  as  a  tonic. 

Dose :  1  to  2  drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Infusum  Eupatorii  (U.  S.)— Infusion  of  Thoroughwort. 

Take  of  Thoroughwort 1  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint 

Macerate  two  hours,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

TINCTURE  OF  THOROUGHWORT. 

Take  of  Fresh  thoroughwort 1  part 

Alcohol 2  parts. 

Macerate  two  weeks,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 


EXTRACTA  FLUID  A  (II.  S.)— FLUID  EXTRACTS. 


k  Unless  otherwise  directed,  the  fluid  extracts  should  be  prepared  ac- 
rding  to  the  following  process :    16  ounces  of  the  powdered  drug  are 
moistened  with  a  specified  quantity  of  the  menstruum,  and  packed  in  a  per- 
colator.    The  surface  of  the  powder  is  then  covered  with  a  disk  of  paper, 
and  the  remaining  portion  of  16  ounces  of  menstruum  is  poured  upon  it. 
When  the  liquid  begins  to  drop  from  the  percolator,  the  lower  orifice  is 
closed  with  a  cork,  the  upper  one  covered  closely,  and  it  is  set  aside  in  a 
moderately  wrarm  place  for  four  days. 
11 


162  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

The  cork  is  then  removed,  more  menstruum  is  gradually  poured  on,  and 
the  percolation  continued  until  24  ounces  are  obtained.  Of  these  the  first 
14  ounces  are  reserved,  and  the  remainder,  having  been  carefully  evapo- 
rated to  2  ounces,  is  mixed  with  the  reserved  portion,  and  filtered  if 
necessary. 


FEL  BOVINUM  (Br.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— OX  BILE. 

PREPARATIONS. 
PURIFIED  Ox  BILE  (Br.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Ox  bile 1  pint. 

Rectified  spirit 2  pints. 

Mix  by  agitation  in  a  bottle,  set  aside  for  twelve  hours,  decant  the  clear 
liquid,  and  evaporate  it  on  a  water-bath  to  a  suitable  consistence  for  making 
pills. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 

Used  in  dyspepsia  with  deficiency  of  biliary  secretion,  in  habitual  con- 
stipation, and  in  solution,  per  enema,  to  soften  hardened  faeces. 

PILLS  OF  Ox  BILE  AND  ALOES. 

Take  of  Purified  ox  bile 20  grains. 

Extract  of  aloes 30  grains. 

Resin  of  podophyllum 2Jj-  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  10  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  at  night  in  chronic  constipation;  1  pill  night  and  morning 
in  acute  constipation.  Hospital  Formulary. 


FEKRUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— IKON. 

In  medicine,  as  in  the  arts,  iron  is  the  most  useful  of  metals. 

Being  a  normal  constituent  of  the  blood,  it  may  be  considered  a  food  as 
well  as  an  important  curative  agent.  That  it  is  more  than  a  food  is  evinced 
by  the  fact  that,  in  many  instances,  it  is  requisite  to  administer  it  in  quanti- 
ties many  times  in  excess  of  any  theoretical  estimate  of  the  needs  of  the 
system,  in  order  to  obtain  its  important  curative  effects.  In  fact,  the  thera- 
peutics of  iron,  based  upon  the  theory  of  simply  supplying  the  system  with 
the  quantity  of  the  drug  which  can  be  assimilated,  are  delusive,  as  clinical 
experience  has  frequently  demonstrated. 

Iron  acts  as  a  tonic,  not  only  by  increasing  the  relative  proportion  of 
red  globules  of  the  blood  when  these  are  deficient,  but  also,  probably,  by  a 
direct  stimulant  action  upon  the  mucous  membranes  with  which  it  is 
brought  in  contact,  whereby  digestion  and  assimilation  are  improved. 


REDUCED   IRON.  163 

Most  of  the  preparations  of  iron  are  powerfully  astringent,  as  well  as 
tonic,  and  often  this  fact  should  be  considered  in  choosing  which  one  to 
use  in  a  given  case. 

The  organic  salts  of  iron  are  less  astringent  than  the  inorganic,  and  of 
the  latter,  the  proto-salts  less  than  the  per-salts.  Several  of  the  astringent 
preparations,  as  the  acetate,  sulphate,  perchloride,  and  pernitrate,  are  used 
to  check  hemorrhages  from  the  lungs,  stomach,  and  bowels  ;  and  some  of 
them,  especially  the  perchloride  and  subsulphate,  are  used  as  topical  astrin- 
gents and  styptics. 

Though  the  restorative  effects  of  iron  are  most  marked  in  anaemia,  it  is 
used  with  no  less  benefit  in  many  other  conditions  of  depression.  It  is 
very  generally  used  in  convalescence  from  acute  diseases,  during  the  course 
of  wasting  diseases,  as  phthisis,  scrofula,  necrosis  of  the  bones,  etc. ;  and  in 
diphtheria,  erysipelas,  neuralgia,  chorea,  and  in  many  other  diseases  in 
which,  though  its  action  may  not  be  understood,  its  effects  are  none  the 
less  satisfactory. 


FERRUM  REDACTUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— REDUCED   IRON. 

Take  of  Subcarbonate  of  iron 30  ounces. 

Wash  and  dry  it  thoroughly,  and  enclose  it  in  an  iron  reduction  tube, 
placed  in  a  charcoal  furnace.  Connect  the  tube  with  a  hydrogen  generator 
so  arranged  as  to  pass  a  stream  of  dry  hydrogen  through  it  Then  heat 
the  tube  to  dull  redness,  and  maintain  the  temperature  until  the  subcar- 
bonate  is  reduced. 

The  process  will  require  from  five  to  eight  hours. 

It  is  a  tasteless  powder,  of  an  iron-gray  color,  and  without  metallic  lus- 
tre. It  is  a  favorite  preparation  of  iron  with  many  physicians,  especially  in 
cases  of  anaemia  where  other  chalybeates  disagree. 

Dose  :  3  to  6  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

LOZENGES  OF  REDUCED  IRON  (Br.). 

Take  of  Reduced  iron 720  grains.  . 

Refined  sugar 25  ounces. 

Gum  arabic 1  ounce. 

Mucilage  of  gum  arabic 2  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient 

Mix  the  powders,  add  the  mucilage  and  sufficient  water  to  form  a  mass, 
and  divide  into  720  lozenges.     Dry  in  a  hot  air-chamber. 
Dose  :  1  to  6  lozenges. 


164  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

PILL  OF  REDUCED  IRON. 
Take  of  Reduced  iron 3  grains. 

Balsam  of  Peru •£•  minim. 

Starch sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  St.  Bartholomew's  Hosfrital. 

Take  of  Reduced  iron 20  grains. 

Sulphate  of  quinia 20  grains. 

Digitalis 20  grains. 

Squill 10  grains. 

Mix  and  divide  into  20  pills. 

Dose  :  a  pill  three  or  four  times  a  day.     In  mitral  regurgitation. 

Bartholow. 


FERRI  ACETAS— ACETATE  OF  IRON. 

PREPARATIONS. 

SOLUTION  or  ACETATE  OF  IRON  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Solution  of  persulphate  of  iron 10  parts. 

Water  of  ammonia 8  parts. 

Diluted  acetic  acid 6  parts. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Dilute  the  iron  solution  with  30  parts  of  distilled  water,  and  add  the 
water  of  ammonia,  previously  diluted  with  160  parts  of  distilled  water. 
Wash  the  precipitate  with  distilled  water,  express  until  the  weight  shall 
amount  to  5  parts,  and  dissolve  this  in  the  acetic  acid.  After  several  days, 
filter,  and  add  sufficient  distilled  water  to  make  the  whole  weigh  10  parts. 

Dose  :  15  to  30  minims. 

TINCTURE  OF  ACETATE  OF  IRON  (Br.). 

Take  of  Solution  of  persulphate  of  iron 2£  ounces. 

Acetate  of  potassium 2  ounces. 

Rectified  spirit sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  acetate  in  10  ounces,  and  add  the  solution  of  persulphate 
to  8  ounces  of  the  spirit,  mix  the  solutions,  filter,  and  add  sufficient  spirit 
through  the  filter  to  make  20  ounces. 

Dose  :  5  to  30  minims. 

ETHEREAL  TINCTURE  OF  ACETATE  OF  IRON  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Solution  of  acetate  of  iron 9  parts. 

Alcohol 2  parts. 

Acetic  ether ,         1  part. 

Mix. 

Dose  :  20  to  30  minims. 


ARSENIATE    OF    IKON CARBONATE    OF   IRON.  165 


FEKPJ  ARSENIAS   (Br.)— ARSENIATE  OF  IRON. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron 9  ounces. 

Arseniate  of  sodium,  dried  at  300° 4  ounces. 

Acetate  of  sodium 3  ounces. 

Boiling  distilled  water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  arseniate  and  acetate  of  sodium  in  2  pints,  and  the  sulphate 
of  iron  in  3  pints  of  the  water,  mix  the  solutions,  collect  and  thoroughly 
wash  the  precipitate ;  express  strongly,  and  dry  in  a  warm  air-chamber, 
at  or  below  100°. 

It  is  a  tasteless,  amorphous  powder,  of  a  green  color,  and  insoluble  in 
water.  It  combines,  to  some  extent,  the  tonic  properties  of  both  iron  and 
arsenic. 

Dose :  -^  to  %  grain. 

PILLS  OF  AESENIATE  OF  IRON. 

Take  of  Arseniate  of  iron -^  grain. 

Extract  of  gentian sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

Take  of  Arseniate  of  iron 2  grains. 

Extract  of  cinchona 12  grams. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  12  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  three  times  a  day  after  meals.     In  chlorosis.    Bartholow. 


EERRI    CARBONAS     SACCHARATA    (Br.,   Ger.)— SACCHA- 
RATED  CARBONATE  OF  IRON. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron 2  ounces. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium 1^  ounce. 

Boiling  distilled  water 2  gallons. 

Refined  sugar 1  ounce. 

Dissolve  the  sulphate  and  the  carbonate,  each  in  £  gallon  of  water,  mix 
the  solutions,  and  set  aside  for  twenty-four  hours.  Then  decant,  wash  the 
precipitate  with  the  remainder  of  the  water,  express,  and  rub  it  with  the 
sugar.  Finally,  dry  at  a  temperature  not  exceeding  212°. 

It  is  in  small,  coherent  lumps,  of  a  gray  color,  with  a  sweet,  very  feeble 
chalybeate  taste. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  grains. 


166  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Tilula  Ferri  Carbonatis  (U.  S.  et  a!  Ph.) — Pill  of  Carbonate  of  Iron. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron 8  ounces. 

Carbonate  of  sodium 9  ounces. 

Clarified  honey,  by  weight 3  ounces. 

Sugar • .  2  ounces. 

Boiling  water 2  pints. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  salts  separately,  each  in  1  pint  of  water,  and  having  added 
2  ounces  of  syrup  to  the  iron  solution,  filter  both  solutions.  Mix  the  solu- 
tions, when  cold,  in  a  bottle  just  large  enough  to  hold  them,  and  set  aside 
to  settle.  Then  decant,  wash  the  precipitate  with  a  mixture  of  water  and 
syrup,  in  the  proportion  of  1  pint  to  1  ounce,  drain,  and  express.  Lastly, 
mix  the  precipitate  immediately  with  the  clarified  honey  and  sugar,  and 
evaporate  on  a  water-bath  until  it  weighs  8  ounces. 

Dose  :  2  to  10  grains. 

The  French  and  German  preparations  are  made  in  a  similar  manner, 
while  the  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs:  saccharated  carbonate  of  iron,  1 
ounce  ;  confection  of  roses,  ^  ounce. 

Under  the  name  of  Vallet's  Mass,  this  has  attained  a  well-merited  popu- 
larity. 

Mistura  Ferri  Composita  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Compound  Mixture  of  Iron. 

Take  of  Myrrh 60  grains. 

Sugar 60  grains. 

Carbonate  of  potassium 25  grains. 

Sulphate  of  iron 20  grains. 

Spirit  of  lavender -J  ounce. 

Bose  water 7-J-  ounces. 

Hub  the  myrrh,  sugar,  and  carbonate  with  the  rose  water,  then  with  the 
spirit  of  lavender,  and  lastly,  with  the  sulphate  of  iron.  Keep  in  a  well- 
stopped  bottle. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

This  valuable  preparation,  known  as  Griffith's  Mixture,  is  highly  es- 
teemed as  a  restorative  in  ansemia  and  chlorosis. 

The  British  preparation  is  very  similar. 

PILLS  OF  CARBONATE  OF  IKON,  ARSENIC,  AND  QUINIA. 

Take  of  Pill  of  carbonate  of  iron 60  grains. 

Arsenious  acid 1  grain. 

Sulphate  of  quinia 20  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  40  pills. 

Dose :  2  pills  three  times  a  day.  In  the  ansemia  of  chronic  malarial 
poisoning.  Bartholov:. 


STJBCAKBONATE    OF   IKON OHLOKLDE    OF   IKON.  167 


FEEEI  SUBCARBONAS  (U.  S.,  Fr.)— SUBCARBONATE  OF 

IKON. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron , . .     8  ounces. 

Carbonate  of  sodium 9  ounces. 

Water 8  pints. 

Dissolve  the  salts  separately,  each  in  4  pints  of  water,  mix  the  solutions, 
and,  after  the  precipitate  has  subsided,  decant,  wash  it  well  with  water, 
and  dry  it  on  bibulous  paper. 

It  is  a  reddish-brown,  odorless,  tasteless,  and  insoluble  powder.  For- 
merly much  used  in  anaemia,  neuralgia,  etc.,  but  has  been  superseded  by 
more  eligible  preparations.  Mixed  with  water,  it  may  be  used  as  a  substi- 
tute for  the  hydrated  oxide  in  arsenical  poisoning,  when  the  latter  is  not  at 
hand. 

Dose  :  5  to  30  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Trochisci  Ferri  Subcarbonatis  (U.  S.)— Troches  of  Subcarbonate  of 

Iron. 

Take  of  Subcarbonate  of  iron 5  ounces. 

Vanilla 30  grains. 

Sugar 15  ounces. 

Mucilage  of  tragacanth sufficient. 

Rub  the  vanilla  first  with  a  part  of  the  sugar,  then  with  the  iron  and 
the  remainder,  until  thoroughly  mixed,  then  with  the  mucilage  form  a  mass, 
to  be  divided  into  480  troches. 
Dose  :  1  to  6  troches. 

Emplastrum  Ferri  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Iron  Plaster. 

Take  of  Subcarbonate  of  iron 3  ounces. 

Lead  plaster 24  ounces. 

Burgundy  pitch 6  ounces. 

To  the  pitch  and  plaster,  previously  melted  together,  add  the  subcar- 
bonate,  and  stir  until  cold. 

The  British  preparation  is  made  with  hydrated  oxide,  instead  of  Subcar- 
bonate of  iron. 


FERRI  CHLORIDUM  (U.  S.,  Ger.)— CHLORIDE  OF  IRON. 

Take  of  Iron,  in  the  form  of  wire 2  ounces. 

Hydrochloric  acid  (by  weight) 12  ounces. 

Nitric  acid  (by  weight) 1  ounce  or  sufficient. 

Add  the  iron  to  8  ounces  of  the  hydrochloric  acid  in  a  flask,  and 
heat  gently  until  the  acid  is  saturated.     Filter,  add  the  remainder  of  the 


168  MEDICAL    FOKMULAKY. 

hydrochloric  acid,  heat  nearly  to  the  boiling-point,  and  add  the  nitric  acid 
in  successive  portions  until  red  fumes  are  no  longer  evolved,  and  a  drop 
of  the  liquid  ceases  to  yield  a  blue  precipitate  with  ferridcyanide  of  potas- 
sium. Then  evaporate  on  a  sand-bath  until  reduced  to  8  ounces  and  360 
grains,  and  set  aside,  covered  with  glass,  until  it  solidifies.  Lastly,  break 
in  pieces,  and  preserve  in  a  well-stopped  bottle. 

It  is  in  orange-yellow,  crystalline  pieces,  very  deliquescent,  and  soluble 
in  water,  alcohol,  and  ether. 

Chloride  of  iron  is  used  topically  as  a  styptic,  and,  properly  diluted,  as 
an  astringent.  It  is  seldom  employed  internally. 

Dose  :  1  to  5  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 

Liquor  Ferri  Chloridi  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Solution  of  Chloride  of  Iron. 

Take  of  Iron  in  the  form  of  wire 3  ounces. 

Hydrochloric  acid  (by  weight) 17£  ounces. 

Nitric  acid sufficient. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Proceed  as  in  the  preceding  preparation,  except  that  the  iron  is  to  be 
dissolved  in  11  ounces  of  hydrochloric  acid,  and  at  the  end  of  the  process, 
instead  of  evaporating,  the  solution  is  to  be  diluted  with  sufficient  distilled 
water  to  make  1  pint. 

It  is  a  reddish-brown  liquid,  of  an  acid  and  strongly  styptic  taste.  Its 
chief  use  is  in  the  preparation  of  tincture  of  chloride  of  iron,  for  which  it  is 
occasionally  substituted.  It  is  also  employed  topically  as  an  astringent 
and  styptic. 

Dose  :  2  to  10  minims. 

The  British  Solution  of  Perchloride  of  Iron  has  the  strength  of  its  tinc- 
ture, while  its  Strong  Solution  of  Perchloride  of  Iron  is  similar  to  the  above. 

Tinctura  Ferri  Chloride  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Tincture  of  Chloride  of  Iron. 

Take  of  Solution  of  chloride  of  iron %  pint. 

Alcohol ! 1|-  pint. 

Mix,  and  preserve  in  a  well-stopped  bottle. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  minims. 

British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  :  strong  solution  of  perchloride  of  iron, 
5  ounces  ;  rectified  spirit,  15  ounces. 

Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron  is  universally  conceded  to  be  one  of  the 
best  preparations  of  iron  for  general  use.  In  nearly  all  conditions  of  de- 
bility, however  induced,  its  administration  is  beneficial ;  and  in  many  cases 
of  grave  disease,  as  diphtheria,  erysipelas,  and  septicaemia,  it  is  absolutely 
indispensable. 


CHLORIDE    OF    IKON.  169 

ETHEREAL  TINCTURE  OF  SESQUICHLORIDE  OP  IRON  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Solution  of  sesquichloride  of  iron 1  part. 

Spirit  of  ether 14  parts. 

]\Iix,  and  expose  to  the  sunlight  until  the  brown-yellow  color  has  dis- 
appeared, then  set  in  a  shady  place  until  it  has  assumed  a  yellowish  or 
brownish-yellow  color.  Used  like  the  preceding. 

SYKUP  OF  CHLORIDE  OF  IRON  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Solution  of  chloride  of  iron 15  parts. 

Syrup 985  parts. 

Mix.  It  is  a  changeable  preparation,  and  should  not  be  prepared  except 
at  the  time  of  dispensing. 

MIXTURES  OF  TINCTURE  OF  IRON  AND  CHLORATE  OF  POTASSIUM. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 2  drachms. 

Chlorate  of  potassium 2  drachms. 

Syrup 4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  hourly.     In  diphtheria.  J.  Lewis  Smith. 

Mixtures  of  this  character  are  in  general  use  in  the  treatment  of  diph- 
theria. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron -|  ounce. 

Chlorate  of  potassium 1£  drachm. 

Glycerin 2  ounces. 

"Water 2  ounces. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  drachm  every  three  hours.  In  aphthous  stomatitis,  as- 
suming an  ulcerative  form.  Will  cure  the  most  obstinate  cases  in  from  five 
to  seven  days.  •  V.  P.  Gibney. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 15  minims. 

Chloric  ether 5  minims. 

Chlorate  of  potassium 5  grains. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital* 

Take  of  Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 3to4  drachms. 

Chlorate  of  potassium 1  to  1^  drachm. 

Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium 1£  to  2  ounces. 

Water to  8  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  ^  ounce  every  hour.     In  diphtheria.          T.  M.  Lownds. 

MIXTURE  OF  TINCTURE  OF  IRON  AND  CINCHONIA. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 2  drachms. 

Sulphate  of  cinchonia 1  drachm. 

Water to  4  ounces. 

Dose  :  1  drachm.  Hospital  Formulary. 


370  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

MIXTURE  OF  TINCTURE  OF  IRON  AND  QUINIA. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 2  drachms. 

Solution  of  sulphate  of  quinia  (15  grains  to  1 

ounce) 2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm.  Hospital  Formulary. 

MIXTURE  OF  TINCTURE  OF  IRON  AND  Nux  VOMICA. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 4  drachms. 

Tincture  of  nux  voniica 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  cantharides < 2  drachms. 

Mix.     Dose  :  20  minims  three  times  a  day.     In  gleet. 

MIXTURES  OF  TINCTURE  OF  IRON  AND  GLYCERIN. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 2  to  3  drachms. 

Glycerin 1^  ounce. 

Water 1£  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  every  two  hours  for  children.     In  recurring 
naso-facial  erysipelas  of  strumous  origin.  V.  P.  Gibney. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 1  to  1£  drachm. 

Glycerin 1  ounce. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  half-hourly,  alternating  with  a  solution  of  chlo- 
rate of  potassium.     In  diphtheria.  C.  E.  Billington. 

\ 


FEKR1  CITRAS  (U.  S.,  Ger.)— CITRATE  OF  IROK 

• 

Take  of  solution  of  citrate  of  iron,  a  convenient  quantity. 

Evaporate,  at  or  below  140°,  to  the  consistence  of  syrup,  and  spread  upon 
glass  plates  to  dry. 

It  is  in  thin,  transparent,  garnet-colored  scales,  of  a  mildly  acid,  chaly- 
beate taste.  Well  suited  to  persons  of  delicate  stomachs. 

Dose  :  2  to  5  grains. 

The  German  Pharmacopoeia  dissolves  freshly  prepared  hydrated  oxide 
of  iron  in  a  solution  of  citric  acid. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Liquor  Ferri  Citratis  (U.  S.) — Solution  of  Citrate  of  Iron. 

Take  of  Citric  acid 5  ounces  and  6  drachms. 

Solution  of  tersulphate  of  iron 1  pint. 

Water  of  ammonia 20  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Dilute  the  water  of  ammonia  with  2  pints,  and  the  iron  solution  with  3 
pints  of  distilled  water,  mix  the  solutions,  collect  and  wash  the  precipitate. 


SULPHATE    OF    IKON    AND    AMMONIUM.  171 

Place  half  of  it  in  a  capsule  heated  to  140°,  add  the  citric  acid,  and  stir 
until  the  precipitate  is  nearly  dissolved  ;  then  add  enough  of  the  reserved 
portion  to  saturate  the  acid.  Lastly,  filter  the  solution,  and  evaporate  it,  at 
or  below  140°,  to  1  pint. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  minims.     Used  like  the  preceding. 


FERRI  ET  AMMONII  CITRAS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CITRATE 
OF  IRON  AND  AMMONIUM. 

Take  of  Solution  of  citrate  of  iron 1  pint 

Water  of  ammonia , 6  ounces. 

Mix,  and  evaporate,  at  or  below  140°,  to  the  consistence  of  syrup,  and 
spread  upon  glass  plates  to  dry. 

It  is  in  garnet-red,  translucent  scales,  of  a  slightly  ferruginous  taste, 
and  wholly  soluble  in  water.  It  is  a  mild  chalybeate,  and  generally  agrees 
well  with  the  stomach. 

Dose  :  2  to  5  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
WINE  OF  CITRATE  OF  IRON  (Br.). 

Take  of  Citrate  of  iron  and  ammonium 160  grains. 

Orange  wine 20  ounces. 

Dissolve,  and  let  the  solution  remain  three  days  in  a  closed  vessel,  shak- 
ing it  occasionally,  then  filter. 
Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms. 

MIXTURES  OF  CITRATE  OF  IRON  AND  AMMONIUM. 

Take  of  Citrate  of  iron  and  ammonium 32  grains. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium 32  grains. 

Syrup 2  ounces. 

Anise  water 2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  for  children.  J.  Lewis  Smith. 

Take  of  Citrate  of  iron  and  ammonium 5  grains. 

Camphor  water 1  ounce. 

Dissolve.     One  dose.  London  Throat  Hospital. 


FERRI   ET   AMMONII   SULPHAS  (U.  S.,  Ger.)— SULPHATE 
OF  IRON  AND  AMMONIUM. 

Take  of  Solution  of  tersulphate  of  iron 2  pints. 

Sulphate  of  ammonium 4£  ounces. 

Heat  the  solution  to  the  boiling  point,  add  the  sulphate  of  ammonium, 
stirring  until  dissolved,  then  set  aside  to  crystallize.     Wash  the  crystals 


172  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

quickly  in ,  very  cold  water,  wrap  them  in  bibulous  paper,  and  dry  them  in 
the  open  air. 

It  is  in  colorless  or  violet  tinted  crystals,  of  an  astringent  taste,  and 
wholly  soluble  in  water.  Used  in  chronic  catarrhal  affections. 

Dose  3  to  15  grains. 

INHALATION  OF  SULPHATE  OF  IRON  AND  AMMONIUM. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron  and  ammonium 20  grains. 

Water 8  ounces. 

Mix.     Use  by  means  of  a  steam  atomizer.     Astringent. 

G.  M.  Lefferts. 


FEKKI   ET   AMMONII   TAETEAS   (U.  S.)— TARTRATE   OF 
IKON  AND  AMMONIUM. 

Take  of  Tartaric  acid 12  ounces. 

Solution  of  tersulphate  of  iron 2  J  pints. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Dissolve  6  ounces  of  the  acid  in  2  pints  of  distilled  water,  and  care- 
fully neutralize  it  with  carbonate  of  ammonium  ;  then  add  the  remainder 
of  the  acid,  dissolved  in  -J-  pint  of  distilled  water.  From  the  iron  solution, 
prepare  hydrated  oxide  of  iron  according  to  the  formula  for  that  substance, 
and  add  it  to  the  solution  of  bitartrate  of  ammonium,  kept  at  140°,  until  it 
is  no  longer  dissolved.  Then  filter  the  solution,  evaporate,  at  or  below 
140°,  to  the  consistence  of  syrup,  and  spread  upon  glass  plates  to  dry. 

It  is  in  thin,  transparent,  garnet-red  scales,  of  a  sweetish,  chalybeate 
taste,  and  soluble  in  water. 

It  is  a  mild  tonic,  and  generally  acceptable  to  the  stomach. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 


FERRI  ET  POTASSII  TARTRAS  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— TARTRATE 
OF  IRON  AND  POTASSIUM. 

Take  of  Solution  of  tersulphate  of  iron 1  pint. 

Bitartrate  of  potassium 7  ounces. 

Distilled  water 4  pints. 

From  the  iron  solution,  prepare  hydrated  oxide  of  iron  according  to  the 
formula  for  that  substance,  and  add  it,  until  it  is  no  longer  dissolved,  to 
the  bitartrate  of  potassium,  mixed  with  the  water  and  heated  to  140°. 
Then  filter  the  solution,  and  evaporate,  at  or  below  140°,  to  the  consistence 
of  syrup,  and  spread  upon  glass  plates  to  dry. 


(TITRATE   OF   IKON   AND    QUINIA.  173 

It  is  in  thin,  transparent  scales,  of  a  ruby-red  color,  of  a  pleasant,  ferrugi- 
nous taste,  and  readily  soluble  in  water.  It  is  less  liable  to  constipate,  or 
to  disorder  the  stomach,  than  any  other  ferruginous  preparation.  From  its 
agreeable  taste,  it  is  generally  well  suited  to  children  and  persons  of  deli- 
cate stomachs. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains.     Tartrated  Iran,  Br. 

PREPARATIONS. 

LOZENGES  OF  TARTRATE  OF  IRON  AND  POTASSIUM  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Tartrate  of  iron  and  potassium  ..............      50  parts. 

White  sugar  .............  „  ................  1,000  parts. 

Vanilla  sugar  .............................      30  parts. 

Mucilage  of  tragacanth  ....................    100  parts. 

Make  lozenges  weighing  15  grains  each. 

SYRUP  OF  TARTRATE  OF  IRON  AND  POTASSIUM  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Tartrate  of  iron  and  potassium  ..............   25  parts. 

Cinnamon  water  ..........................   25  parts. 

Syrup  .................................  .  .  950  parts. 

Dissolve  the  tartrate  in  the  cinnamon  water,  filter,  and  mix  with  the 
syrup. 

MIXTURES  OF  TARTRATE  OF  IRON  AND  POTASSIUM. 
Take  of  Tartrate  of  iron  and  potassium  ..............     1  drachm. 

Compound  tincture  of  cinchona  .............     4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm.  Hospital  Formulary. 

Take  of  Tartrate  of  iron  and  potassium  .............     20  grains. 

Iodide  of  potassium  .......................     10  grains. 

Water  ...................................  to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  King's  College  Hospital. 


FEEEI  ET  QUININE  C1TKAS  (U.  S.,  Br.)—  CITEATE  OF  IEOST 

AND   QUIKEA. 

Take  of  Solution  of  citrate  of  iron  ..................  10  ounces. 

Sulphate  of  quinia  .........................  1  ounce. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid  .....................  sufficient. 

Water  of  ammonia  ........................  sufficient 

Distilled  water  ............................     sufficient. 

Triturate  the  sulphate  of  quinia  with  6  ounces  of  water,  add  sufficient 
diluted  sulphuric  acid  to  dissolve  it,  then  carefully  add  water  of  ammonia 
in  slight  excess.  Wash  the  precipitated  quinia,  add  it  to  the  solution  of 


174  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

citrate  of  iron,  heated  to  120°,  and  stir  until  it  is  dissolved.  Lastly,  evapo- 
rate, at  or  below  140°,  to  the  consistence  of  syrup,  and  spread  upon  glass 
plates  to  dry. 

It  occurs  in  yellowish-green  scales,  of  a  bitter,  chalybeate  taste,  and 
slowly  soluble  in  water.  On  account  of  its  tardy  solubility,  it  is  an  eligible 
form  in  which  to  administer  iron  and  quinia  in  powder  without  offending 
the  taste. 

Dose :  5  to  10  grains. 

SYRUP  OF  CITRATE  OF  IRON  AND  QUINIA. 

Take  of  Citrate  of  iron  and  quinia 2  drachms. 

Syrup  of  lemons 3  ounces. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  drachm.  An  agreeable  form  of  administration,  espe- 
cially for  children. 

WINE  OF  CITRATE  OF  IRON  AND  QUINIA. 

Take  of  Citrate  of  iron  and  quinia 1  drachm. 

Sherry  wine 2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm.  Hospital  Formulary. 


FEEEI  ET  STEYCHNI^E  CITEAS  (U.  S.)— CITRATE  OF 
IEOJST  A1STD   STEYCHNIA. 

Take  of  Citrate  of  iron  and  ammonium 500  grains. 

Strychnia 5  grains. 

Citric  acid 5  grains. 

Distilled  water 9  drachms. 

Dissolve  the  citrate  in  1  ounce,  and  the  strychnia,  together  with  the 
citric  acid,  in  1  drachm  of  the  distilled  water.  Mix  the  solutions,  evapo- 
rate, at  or  below  140°,  to  the  consistence  of  syrup,  and  spread  upon  glass 
plates  to  dry. 

In  general  appearance,  this  salt  resembles  citrate  of  iron  and  ammo- 
nium, but  differs  in  its  very  bitter  taste.  It  possesses  the  tonic  properties 
of  iron  and  strychnia,  but  is  in  no  way  superior  to  extemporaneous  mix- 
tures of  the  two. 

Dose  :  3  to  5  grains. 


FEEEI  HYPOPHOSPHIS— HYPOPHOSPHITE  OF  IEOK 

Prepared  by  adding  a  solution  of  hypophosphite  of  sodium  to  one  of 
chloride  or  sulphate  of  iron. 

It  is  a  white,  amorphous  powder,  insoluble  in  cold  water,  and  nearly 
tasteless. 


IODIDE    OF   IRON.  175 

It  is  believed,  on  theoretical  rather  than  clinical  grounds,  to  possess  the 
combined  virtues  of  iron  and  phosphorus.  Used  in  diseases  of  the  nervous 
system  and  in  phthisis. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 


FEKRI  IODIDUM  (Br.,  Fr.)— IODIDE  OF  IRON. 

Take  of  Fine  iron  wire 1£  ounce. 

Iodine v 3  ounces. 

Distilled  water 15  ounces. 

Put  the  iodine,  iron,  and  12  ounces  of  water  into  a  flask,  and  having 
heated  the  mixture  gently  for  ten  minutes,  raise  the  heat  and  boil  until  the 
froth  becomes  white.  Strain  quickly  into  a  dish  of  polished  iron,  washing 
the  filter  with  the  remainder  of  the  water,  and  boil  until  a  drop  solidifies 
on  cooling  ;  then  pour  upon  a  porcelain  dish,  and,  when  it  has  solidified, 
break  into  pieces,  and  preserve  in  a  well-stopped  bottle. 

It  is  crystalline,  green  with  a  tinge  of  brown,  inodorous,  deliquescent, 
and  almost  entirely  soluble  in  water. 

Used  as  a  tonic  and  alterative  in  scrofula,  diseases  of  the  skin,  etc. 

It  is  an  unstable  preparation,  and  on  this  account  is  not  included  in  the 
U.  S.  Pharmacopoeia. 

Dose  :  1  to  5  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Syrupus  Ferri  lodidi  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Syrup  of  Iodide  of  Iron. 

Take  of  Iodine 2  ounces. 

Iron,  in  the  form  of  wire 300  grains. 

Distilled  water 3  ounces. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Mix  the  iodine,  iron,  and  water  in  a  flask,  and  shake  occasionally  until 
the  solution  has  acquired  a  green  color  and  lost  the  smell  of  iodine.  Then 
filter  it  into  a  bottle  containing  1  pint  of  syrup  heated  to  212°,  shake 
thoroughly,  and,  when  cool,  add  sufficient  syrup  to  make  the  product 
measure  20  ounces.  Preserve  in  two-ounce  vials,  well-stopped. 

Dose  :  20  to  40  minims. 

This  is,  without  doubt,  the  best  form  in  which  to  administer  iodine  and 
iron  in  combination.  It  is  largely  employed  in  strumous  affections,  as 
caries  and  necrosis  of  the  bones,  tuberculosis,  etc. 


176  MEDICAL    FOKMULAKY. 

Pilulse  Ferri  lodidi  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)—  Pills  of  Iodide  of  Iron. 

Take  of  Iodine 300  grains. 

Iron,  in  the  form  of  wire 120  grains. 

Sugar 192  grains. 

Liquorice  root 192  grains. 

Liquorice 48  grains. 

Gum  arabic 48  grains. 

Reduced  iron 96  grains. 

Water 1|  ounce. 

Mix  the  iodine  with  10  drachms  of  the  water  in  a  flask,  add  the  iron 
gradually,  agitating  until  the  solution  is  of  a  light  green  color  ;  then  filter 
into  a  capsule  containing  the  reduced  iron,  washing  the  filter  with  the  re- 
mainder of  the  water.  Evaporate  until  a  peUicle  forms,  add  the  remaining 
powders,  previously  mixed  together,  and  continue  the  evaporation  until  it 
is  reduced  to  a  pilular  consistence.  Divide  into  384  pills,  and  coat  them 
with  balsam  of  tolu,  dissolved  in  ether. 
Dose  :  1  to  5  pills. 

The  British  and  French  processes  yield  a  similar  product.  They  are 
known  as  Blancard's  Pills. 

SACCHARATED  IODIDE  OF  IRON  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Powdered  iron 3  parts. 

Distilled  water 10  parts. 

Iodine 8  parts. 

Sugar  of  milk 40  parts. 

Mix  the  iron,  water,  and  iodine,  and,  when  reaction  has  ceased,  filter  in- 
to a  capsule  containing  the  sugar,  mix  well,  and  evaporate  to  dryness. 
Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 

SOLUTION  OF  IODIDE  OF  IRON  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Powdered  iron 3  parts. 

Distilled  water 18  parts. 

Iodine 8  parts. 

Mix  in  a  glass  flask,  and  heat  gently  until  reaction  has  ceased,  then 
filter. 

This  solution  is  prepared  extemporaneously,  for  addition  to  mixtures, 
etc.  Eight  parts  of  the  iodine  employed  correspond  to  ten  parts  of  iodide 
of  iron. 


FERKI  LACTAS  (IT.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— LACTATE  OF  IKOK 

Take  of  Lactic  acid 1  ounce. 

Iron,  in  the  form  of  filings \  ounce. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Mix  the  acid  with  1  pint  of  distilled  water  in  an  iron  vessel,  add  the 
iron,  digest  until  reaction  has  ceased,  adding  distilled  water  to  preserve 
the  measure  ;  filter  while  hot,  and  set  aside  to  crystallize. 


OXALATE    OF    IRON NITRATE    OF    IRON.  177 

f     . 

It  is  a  yellowish,  or  greenish  crystalline  powder,  of  a  sweetish,  ferruginous 
taste,  and  sparingly  soluble  in  water.     It  is  mild  and  unirritating  in  action. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  grains. 

EFFERVESCING  POWDER  OF  LACTATE  OF  IRON. 
Take  of  Lactate  of  iron 45  grains. 

Tartaric  acid 2  drachms. 

Bicarbonate  of  sodium 3  drachms. 

Mix,  and  preserve  in  a  well-stopped  bottle. 

Dose  :  10  to  20  grains.     In  gastric  ulcer.  Lebert. 

CAPSULES  OF  LACTATE  OF  IRON,  Nux  VOMICA,  AND  CANNABIS. 

Take  of  Lactate  of  iron :• 50  grains. 

Extract  of  nux  voinica 5  grains. 

Extract  of  cannabis  Indica -10  to  15  grains. 

Extract  of  belladonna 3  grains. 

Resin  of  podophyllum 2  to  1  grain. 

Mix  well,  and  divide  into  20  capsules. 

Dose :  1  capsule  after  each  meal.  For  anaemia  with  sluggish  state  of 
the  bowels,  nervous  depression,  and  wandering  neuralgic  pains.  The  can- 
nabis and  the  podophyllum  in  the  above  formula  may  be  increased  or 
diminished  according  to  the  effects  produced.  I  begin  with  10  grains  of 
the  former,  and  2  grains  of  the  latter,  but  after  one  week  I  find  the 
patient  tolerates  15  grains  of  the  former,  and  requires  only  1  grain  of  the 
latter.  Fordyce  Barker. 


FERRI  OX  ALAS   (U.  S.)— OXALATE  OF  IRON. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron 2  ounces. 

Oxalic  acid 436  grains. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  sulphate  in  30  ounces,  and  the  acid  in  15  ounces  of  dis- 
tilled water,  filter  and  mix  the  solutions.  Decant,  and  when  the  precipitate 
has  subsided,  wash,  and  dry  it  with  a  gentle  heat. 

It  is  a  lemon-yellow,  crystalline  powder,  insoluble  in  water,  and,  thera- 
peutically,  of  little  importance. 
Dose  :  2  to  3  grains. 


FERRI  NITRAS— NITRATE  OF  IRON. 

PREPARATION. 
Liquor  Ferri  Nitratis  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Solution  of  Nitrate  of  Iron. 

Take  of  Iron,  in  the  form  of  wire . 2 J  ounces. 

Nitric  acid  (by  weight) 5  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Mix  the  iron  with  12  ounces  of  distilled  water,  and  add,  in  small  por- 
tions at  a  time,  3  ounces  of  nitric  acid  previously  mixed  with  6  ounces  of 
12 


178  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

distilled  water,  moderating  the  reaction  by  setting  the  vessel  in  cold  water, 
to  prevent  the  occurrence  of  red  fumes.  When  effervescence  has  nearly 
ceased,  agitate  until  a  portion  of  the  liquid,  being  filtered,  is  of  a  pale  green 
color.  Then  filter,  pour  into  a  capacious  capsule,  heat  to  130°,  and  add  the 
remainder  of  the  acid.  When  effervescence  has  ceased,  continue  the  heat 
until  no  more  gas  escapes,  then  add  sufficient  distilled  water  to  make  the 
liquid  measure  36  ounces. 

It  is  a  transparent  liquid,  of  a  pale  amber  color,  and  sp.  gr.  1.060  to 
1.070.  It  is  tonic  and  astringent,  and  is  used  in  hemorrhages,  chronic 
diarrhoea,  etc. 

Dose  :  8  to  20  minims.     Solution  of  Pernitrate  of  Iron,  Br. 


FERRI  OXIDUM  HYDRATUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— HYDRATED 
OXIDE   OF  IROK 

Take  of  Solution  of  tersulphate  of  iron 1  pint. 

Water  of  ammonia 20  ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

To  the  water  of  ammonia,  mixed  with  2  pints  of  water,  add,  stirring 
constantly,  the  iron  solution  previously  mixed  with  2  pints  of  water.  Wash 
the  precipitate  until  the  washings  are  nearly  tasteless,  then  mix  with  suffi- 
cient water  to  make  the  product  measure  1£  pint. 

Used  as  an  antidote  to  arsenic. 

Dose  :  \  to  2  ounces. 

Termed,  by  the  British  Pharmacopoeia,  Moist  Peroxide  of  Iron  ;  and, 
when  dried,  at  or  below  212°,  Hydrated  Peroxide  of  Iron. 

PREPARATIONS. 

SACCHAKATED  OXIDE  OF  IRON  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Solution  of  sesquichloride  of  iron 20  parts. 

Syrup 20  parts. 

Solution  of  caustic  soda 40  parts. 

White  sugar sufficient. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Mix  the  iron  solution  and  the  syrup,  add  the  soda  solution,  stirring 
constantly,  and  set  aside  for  twenty-four  hours.  Then  pour  the  clear 
liquid  into  300  parts  of  boiling  distilled  water,  and  allow  it  to  settle.  Col- 
lect the  precipitate,  wash  it,  free  it  of  most  of  the  water,  mix  with  90  parts 
of  sugar,  and  evaporate  to  dryness.  Then  mix  with  sufficient  sugar  to  make 
the  product  100  parts. 

It  forms  a  reddish  powder,  of  a  sweet,  ferruginous  taste,  and  wholly  solu- 
ble in  5  parts  of  water. 
Dose  :  10  to  20  grains. 


PHOSPHATE  OF  IKON PYROPHOSPHATE  OF  IRON.    179 


FEEKI  PHOSPHAS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— PHOSPHATE  OF  IRON. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron 5  ounces. 

Phosphate  of  sodium 6  ounces. 

Water 8  pints. 

Dissolve  the  salts  separately,  each  in  4  pints  of  water,  mix  the  solutions, 
and  set  aside  until  the  precipitate  has  subsided.  Then  decant,  wash  the 
precipitate  with  hot  water,  and  dry  it  with  a  gentle  heat. 

It  is  a  bluish  powder,  odorless,  tasteless,  and  insoluble.  It  is  theoretically 
assumed  to  produce  the  combined  effects  of  iron  and  phosphorus — an  as- 
sumption which  is  more  than  doubtful 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

SYRUP  OF  PHOSPHATE  OF  IRON  (Br.). 

Take  of  Granulated  sulphate  of  iron 224  grains. 

Phosphate  of  sodium 200  grains. 

Acetate  of  sodium 74  grains. 

Diluted  phosphoric  acid 5^  ounces. 

Refined  sugar. 8  ounces. 

DistOled  water 8  ounces. 

Dissolve  the  sulphate  of  iron  in  4  ounces  of  the  water,  and  the  phos- 
phate and  acetate  of  sodium  in  the  remainder.  Mix  the  solutions,  collect 
and  wash  the  precipitate.  Then  press  it  strongly  between  folds  of  bibu- 
lous paper,  dissolve  in  the  phosphoric  acid,  filter,  add  the  sugar,  and  dis- 
solve without  heat.  The  product  should  measure  12  ounces. 

Dose :  1  drachm. 

PELL  OF  PHOSPHATE  OF  IRON. 

Take  of  Phosphate  of  iron 1  grain. 

Extract  of  colocynth 1  grain. 

Extract  of  hyoscyamus 1  grain. 

Bread  crumbs 2  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  Charing  Cross  Hospital. 


FERRI  PYROPHOSPHAS  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— PYROPHOS- 
PHATE OF  IRON. 

Take  of  Phosphate  of  sodium 74^  ounces. 

Solution  of  tersulphate  of  iron 7  ounces,  or  sufficient. 

Citric  acid 2  ounces. 

Water  of  ammonia 5£  ounces,  or  sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Heat  the  phosphate  in  a  porcelain  capsule  until  dry,  then,  in  an  iron 
capsule,  to  incipient  redness,  without  fusion.     Then  dissolve,  with  the  aid 


180  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

of  heat,  in  3  pints  of  water,  filter,  cool  to  50°,  and  add  solution  of  tersul- 
phate  of  iron  until  it  ceases  to  produce  a  precipitate.  Collect,  wash,  and 
transfer  the  precipitate  to  a  weighed  capsule.  Add  water  of  ammonia  to 
the  citric  acid  until  it  is  saturated  and  dissolved,  mix  the  solution  with  the 
precipitate  in  the  weighed  capsule,  and  evaporate  until  the  liquid  is  re- 
duced to-  16  ounces  (by  weight).  Spread  this  on  glass  plates  to  dry. 
Lastly,  preserve  in  a  well-stopped  bottle,  protected  from  light. 

It  is  in  apple-green  scales,  having  an  acidulous,  slightly  saline  taste, 
and  wholly  soluble  in  water.  It  is  an  excellent  chalybeate. 

Dose  :  2  to  5  grains, 

PREPARATIONS. 

SYEUP  OF  PYROPHOSPHATE  OF  IRON  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Pyrophosphate  of  iron 1  part. 

Distilled  water 2  parts. 

Syrup 97  parts. 

Dissolve  the  pyrophosphate  in  the  water,  filter,  and  mix  with  the  syrup. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 

MIXTURE  OF  PYROPHOSPHATE  OF  IRON. 

Take  of  Pyrophosphate  of  iron 1  drachm. 

Sulphate  of  quinia 1  drachm. 

Strychnia 1  grain. 

Diluted  phosphoric  acid 2  drachms. 

Syrup  of  ginger 2  ounces. 

Water , to  4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm.  Hammond. 


FERRI  SULPHAS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SULPHATE  OF  IRON. 

Take  of  Iron,  in  the  form  of  wire 12  ounces. 

Sulphuric  acid  (by  weight) 18  ounces. 

Water 8  pints. 

Mix  the  acid  and  water,  add  the  iron,  and  heat  until  effervescence 
ceases.  Pour  off  the  solution,  add  30  grains  of  sulphuric  acid,  and  filter 
through  paper,  allowing  the  lower  end  of  the  funnel  to  touch  the  bottom 
of  the  receiving  vessel.  Then  evaporate  by  heat  until  sufficiently  concen- 
trated, and  set  aside  in  a  covered  vessel  to  crystallize.  Drain  the  crystals, 
dry  upon  bibulous  paper,  and  keep  in  a  well-stopped  bottle. 

It  is  in  transparent,  bluish-green  crystals,  which  are  efflorescent,  and 
wholly  soluble  in  water.  It  is  tonic  and  powerfully  astringent.  Used  for 
the  general  tonic  effects  of  iron,  and  to  restrain  undue  secretion,  especially 
from  mucous  surfaces. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  graitfs. 


SULPHATE    OF    IRON.  181 

PREPARATIONS. 
Ferri  Sulphas  Exsiccata  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)—  Dried  Sulphate  of  Iron. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron sufficient. 

Heat  to  300°  as  long  as  it  loses  weight 
Dose  :  \  to  2  grains,  in  pill. 

Liquor  Ferri  Subsulphatis  (U.  S.) — Solution  of  Subsulphate  of  Iron. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron 12  ounces. 

Sulphuric  acid 510  grains. 

Nitric  acid 780  grains. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Mix  the  acids  with  4-  pint  of  distilled  water  in  a  capacious  porcelain  cap- 
sule, heat  to  the  boiling  point,  and  add  the  sulphate,  one-fourth  at  a  time, 
stirring  after  each  addition  until  effervescence  ceases.  Keep  it  in  ebullition 
until  nitrous  vapors  are  no  longer  perceptible,  and  the  color  assumes  a 
deep,  ruby-red  tint.  When  nearly  cold,  add  enough  distilled  water  to 
make  it  measure  12  ounces. 

It  is  an  inodorous,  syrupy  liquid,  of  a  ruby-red  color,  and  of  an  ex- 
tremely astringent  taste,  without  causticity. 

Used  topically  as  an  astringent  and  styptic. 

Known  as  Monsel's  Styptic. 

Liquor  Ferri  Tersulphatis  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger. )— Solution  of  Tersulphate 

of  Iron. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron 12  ounces. 

Sulphuric  acid 1020  grains. 

Nitric  acid 840  grains. 

Water sufficient. 

Proceed  as  in  preparing  solution  of  subsulphate  of  iron,  adding,  at  the 
close  of  the  operation,  sufficient  distilled  water  to  make  the  product  mea- 
sure 1^  pint. 

It  is  a  dark,  reddish-brown  liquid,  almost  odorless,  and  of  an  acid,  and 
extremely  styptic  taste.  Used  in  preparations. 

Pilulse  Ferri  Compositse  (U.  S.) — Compound  Pills  of  Iron. 

Take  of  Myrrh 36  grains. 

Sulphate  of  iron 18  grains. 

Carbonate  of  sodium 18  grains. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Eub  the  myrrh,  first  with  the  carbonate,  then  with  the  sulphate,  make  a 
mass  with  syrup,  and  divide  into  24  pills. 
Dose  :  2  to  6  pills. 


182  MEDICAL   FORMULARY. 

BLAUD'S  FERRUGINOUS  PILLS  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Dried  sulphate  of  iron 30  parts. 

Dried  carbonate  of  potassium 30  parts. 

Gum  arabic 5  parts. 

Water 30  parts. 

Simple  syrup 15  parts. 

Dissolve  the  gum  in  the  water  on  a  water-bath,  add  the  syrup  and  iron, 
then  the  carbonate  of  potassium,  and  evaporate,  stirring  constantly,  to  a 
proper  consistence.  Divide  into  pills  weighing  6  grains  each. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  pills  thrice  daily.  Believed  by  many  to  be  one  of  the 
best  means  of  supplying  the  system  with  iron  in  anaemia,  chlorosis,  etc. 


HOOPER'S  PILLS. 

Take  of  Barbadoes  aloes 8  ounces. 

Sulphate  of  iron 4  ounces. 

Extract  of  black  hellebore 2  ounces. 

Myrrh 2  ounces. 

Soap 2  ounces. 

Canella 1  ounce. 

Ginger 1  ounce. 

Beat  into  a  mass  with  water,  and  divide  into  pills  of  2£  grains  each. 
Dose  :  2  to  3  pills.     Laxative  and  emmenagogue. 


PILLS  OF  SULPHATE  OF  IRON  AND  QUINIA. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron 1  grain. 

Sulphate  of  quinia 1  grain. 

Extract  of  chamomile , 1  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  Royal  Chest  Hospital. 


Take  of  Dried  sulphate  of  iron 1^  drachm. 

Sulphate  of  quinia 1  drachm. 

Mix,  and  make  30  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  three  times  a  day,  or  4  or  5  during  the  day.     In  enlarged 
spleen  of  malarial  origin.  Bartholow. 

PILLS  OF  IRON  AND  VAI.ERIAN. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron 15  grains. 

Valerianate  of  quinia    15  grains. 

Strychnia 1  grain. 

Extract  of  rhubarb 40  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  30  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill.  Samaritan  Hospital. 


SULPHTJKET   OF   IRON.  183 

PILL  OF  IRON  AND  ZINC. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron 1  grain. 

Sulphate  of  zinc 1  grain. 

Ipecacuanha 1  grain. 

Extract  of  conium 2  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Chest  Hospital. 

PELLS  OF  IRON  AND  CROTON  OIL. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron 12  grains. 

Croton  oil 1  minim. 

Rhubarb  pill 20  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  12  pills. 

Dose  :  1  or  2  pills.  Samaritan  Hospital. 

MIXTURES  OF  SULPHATE  OF  IRON. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron 4  grains. 

Aromatic  sulphuric  acid 20  minims. 

Distilled  water 1  ounce. 

MIT.     Dose  :  1  drachm.  Ellis. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron 3  grains. 

Diluted  sulphuric  aoid 5  minims. 

Infusion  of  quassia 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Charing  Cross  Hospital. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  zinc 2  grains. 

Sulphate  of  magnesium 60  grains. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid 5  minims. 

Peppermint  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  London  Throat  Hospital. 

INHALATION  OF  SULPHATE  OF  IRON. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  iron 20  to  40  grains. 

Water 8  ounces. 

Mix.     Use  by  means  of  a  steam  atomizer.     Astringent. 

G.  M.  Lefferts. 


FERRI  SULPHURETUM  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— SULPHURET  OF 

IRON". 

Prepared  by  heating  iron  filings  with  sulphur  in  a  crucible.  It  is  used 
only  for  the  preparation  of  sulphuretted  hydrogen,  which  it  evolves  when 
mixed  with  diluted  sulphuric  or  hydrochloric  acid. 


184  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


FERRI  YALERIANAS— VALERIANATE  OF  IRON". 

Prepared  by  adding  a  solution  of  valerianate  of  sodium  to  one  of  sul- 
phate of  iron  as  long  as  a  precipitate  is  produced,  washing  and  drying  the 
precipitate. 

It  is  a  dark  brownish-red  powder,  having  the  odor,  and  some  of  the  taste 
of  valerian. 

Used  in  anaemia  attended  with  hysterical  manifestations. 

Dose  :  £  to  2  grains. 


FICUS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— FIG. 

The  fleshy  receptacle  of  the  fruit  of  Ficus  Carica,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Arto- 
carpacece),  a  tree  indigenous  to  Asia,  but  long  cultivated  in  subtropical  re- 
gions of  the  Old  World,  and  now,  to  some  extent,  in  the  Southern  United 
States. 

Figs  are  nutritive  and  slightly  laxative.  They  enter  into  the  composi- 
tion of  confection  of  senna. 


FILIX   MAS   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— FERN— MALE   FERN. 

The  rhizome  of  Aspidium  Filix-mas,  Swartz  (Nat.  ord.,  Filices).  This 
fern  is  indigenous  to  the  Old  World,  where  it  is  very  common,  and  also 
to  this  country,  being  found  from  Lake  Superior  westward. 

The  root  has  a  disagreeable  odor,  and  a  sweetish,  afterward  bitter, 
acrid  taste.  It  yields  an  oleoresin,  to  which  its  medicinal  effects  are  chiefly 
due. 

Male  fern  is  used  solely  as  a  remedy  for  tape-worm,  and  is  one  of  the 
best. 

The  rhizome  of  Aspidium  marginale,  Willd.,  our  common  shield  fern,  has 
also  been  used  as  a  tsenicide,  and  with  good  results. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Oleoresina  Filicis  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Oleoresin  of  Fern. 

Take  of  Male  fern 12  ounces. 

Ether  sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  24  ounces.  Recover  the  greater  part  of 
the  ether  by  distillation,  and  expose  the  residue  in  a  capsule  until  the  re- 
maining ether  has  evaporated.  Keep  in  a  well-stopped  bottle. 

Dose  :  20  to  40  minims. 

Termed  extract,  liquid  extract,  and  ethereal  extract,  by  the  German, 
British,  and  French  pharmacopoeias,  respectively. 


FENNEL.  185 

CONFECTION  OF  MALE  FERN. 

Take  of  Oleoresin  of  fern  . .  . .- 3  drachms. 

Ether  ...    li  drachm. 

Powdered  valerian 2  drachms. 

Purified  honey 1^  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  3  or  4  drachms  every  half-hour.     For  tape-worm. 

B.  Tauszky. 

MIXTURE  OF  MALE  FERN. 
Take  of  Liquid  extract  of  male  fern 1  drachm. 

Glycerin 1  drachm. 

Mucilage 1  drachm. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Middlesex  Hospital. 


FOENICULUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— FENNEL. 

The  fruit  of  Fceniculum  vulgare,  Gaertn.  (Nat.  ord.,  Umbelliferce),  an 
herbaceous  perennial  indigenous  to  Southern  Europe,  and  extensively 
cultivated  in  France  and  Germany. 

Fennel  has  an  aromatic  odor,  and  a  sweetish  taste.  It  is  aromatic 
and  carminative,  and  is  used  chiefly  as  an  adjunct  to  other  medicines. 

Dose  :  20  to  30  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

• 

Aqua  Fceniculi  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Fennel  Water. 

Take  of  Oil  of  Fennel £  drachm. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium 60  grains. 

Distilled  water 2  pints. 

Rub  the  oil  with  the  carbonate,  then  with  the  water,  gradually  added, 
and  filter. 

Used  as  a  vehicle.  The  European  pharmacopoeias  prepare  it  by  dis- 
tilling fennel  with  water.  The  United  States  Pharmacopoeia  also  permits 
it  to  be  prepared  in  this  manner. 

Oleum  Fceniculi  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.) — Oil  of  Fennel. 
The  oil  obtained  from  fennel  by  distillation. 
Dose  :  5  to  15  minims. 

SPIRIT,  OR  ESSENCE  OF  FENNEL  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Fennel 1  part. 

Alcohol  (80$) 8  parts. 

Distill  oft'  the  alcohol. 
Dose  :  20  to  30  minims. 


186  MEDICAL    FOKMULAKY. 


FRASERA  (U.  S.)— AMERICAN  COLUMBO. 

The  root  of  Frasera  Carolinensis,  Walt.  (Nat.  ord.,  Gentianacece),  a 
biennial  or  triennial,  indigenous  to  the  United  States.  It  has  a  very  bitter 
taste,  and  possesses  tonic  properties  analogous  to  those  of  gentian  and 
columbo,  and  is  occasionally  substituted  for  them. 

Dose  :  30  to  60  grains. 

INFUSION  OF  AMERICAN  COLUMBO. 

Take  of  American  Columbo 1  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Infuse  one  hour,  and  strain. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces.  Wood. 

TINCTURE  OF  AMERICAN  COLUMBO. 

Take  of  American  Columbo 1  part. 

Diluted  alcohol 5  parts. 

Macerate  two  weeks,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 


GALBANUM   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— GALBANUM. 

A  gum-resin  obtained  from  Ferula  galbaniflua,  Boiss.  et  Buhse,  and 
other  species  of  Ferula  (Nat.  ord.,  Umbelliferce),  tall,  herbaceous  plants,  in- 
digenous to  Persia.  The  drug  is  met  with  in  drops  or  tears  cohering  in  a 
mass,  though  sometimes  of  a  semifluid  consistence.  It  has  a  peculiar, 
aromatic  odor,  and  a  bitter,  acrid  taste. 

It  is  employed  internally  as  a  stimulating  expectorant,  and  externally, 
in  the  form  of  a  plaster,  as  an  application  to  indolent  swellings,  etc. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Pilulae  Galbani  Compositae  (U.  S.) — Compound  Pills  of  Galbanum. 

Take  of  Galbanum 36  grains. 

Myrrh 36  grains. 

Asafetida 12  grains. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Beat  together  and  divide  into  24  pills. 

Dose  :  1  to  5  pills.      Compound  Pill  of  Asafetida,  Br. 


3STUTGALL.  187 

Emplastrum   Galbani   Compositum  (U.  S.) — Compound   Galbanum 

Plaster. 

Take  of  Galbanum 8  ounces. 

Turpentine 1  ounce. 

Burgundy  pitch 3  ounces. 

Lead  plaster 36  ounces. 

Mix,  melt,  and  strain  the  galbanum  and  turpentine,  add  the  pitch,  and 
then  the  plaster,  previously  melted. 


GALBANUM  PLASTER  (Br.). 

Take  of  Galbanum lj 1  ounce. 

Animoniacnm 1  ounce. 

Yellow  wax 1  ounce. 

Lead  plaster 8  ounces. 

Mix,  melt,  and  strain  the  galbanum  and  ammoniacum,  then  add  the 
plaster  and  wax,  previously  melted  together. 

GALBANUM  PLASTER  WITH  SAFFRON  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Purified  galbanum 24  parts. 

Turpentine 6  parts. 

Lead  plaster 24  parts. 

Yellow  wax 8  parts. 

Saffron,  powdered 1  part. 

Dissolve  the  galbanum  in  the  turpentine  by  means  of  a  steam-bath, 
add  the  plaster  and  wax,  previously  melted  together,  then  the  saffron,  pre- 
viously rubbed  to  a  pulp  with  a  little  alcohol. 


GALLA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— NUTGALL. 

Excrescences,  caused  by  the  sting  of  an  insect,  upon  the  young  branches 
of  Quercus  infectoria,  Olivier  (Nat.  ord.,  Cupuliferce),  a  small  oak  of  Greece, 
Asia  Minor,  Cyprus,  and  Syria. 

They  are  spherical,  two-fifths  to  four-fifths  of  an  inch  in  diameter,  hard 
and  brittle,  and  having  a  bitter,  astringent  taste,  due  to  the  tannic,  and 
gallo-tannic  acids  which  they  contain. 

Galls  are  important  as  being  the  source  from  which  tannic  and  gallic 
acids  are  derived.  They  are  used  both  externally  and  internally  as  an  as- 
tringent. 

Dose :  10  to  20  grains. 


188  MEDICAL   FORMULAKY. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Tinctura  Gallee  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Tincture  of  Nutgall. 

Take  of  Nutgall 4  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  \  to  1  drachm. 

Unguentum  Gallae  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Ointment  of  Nutgall. 

Take  of  Nutgall 60  grains. 

Lard 420  grains. 

Mix  thoroughly. 

Applied  to  hemorrhoids,  prolapsus  ani,  etc. 

OINTMENT  OF  GALLS  AND  OPIUM  (Br.). 

Take  of  Ointment  of  galls  (80  grains  to  1  ounce) 1  ounce. 

Opium,  in  powder 32  grains. 

Mix  thoroughly. 

Used  like  the  preceding.     Will  often  give  great  relief  in  inflamed  and 
irritable  hemorrhoids. 

DECOCTION  OF  GALLS. 

Take.of  Galls 2£  ounces. 

Water 40  ounces. 

Boil  to  20  ounces.  &t.  George's  Hospital. 


GAMBOGIA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— GAMBOGE. 

A  gum-resin  obtained  from  Garcinia  Morella,  Desv.  (Nat.  ord.,  Gutti- 
ferce),  a  middle-sized  tree,  indigenous  to  Siam,  Cambogia,  and  Cochin  China. 

Gambogia  is  of  an  orange-yellow  color,  and  has  a  disagreeable,  acrid 
taste.  It  is  a  very  active  hydragogue  cathartic,  but,  on  account  of  the  vio- 
lence of  its  action,  it  is  seldom  used,  except  in  combination  with  other 
remedies. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

COMPOUND  PILL  OF  GAMBOGE  (Br.). 

Take  of  Gamboge 1  ounce. 

Barbadoes  aloes 1  ounce. 

Compound  powder  of  cinnamon 1  ounce. 

Hard  soap 2  ounces. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Mix  the  powders,  add  the  syrup,  and  beat  into  a  mass. 
Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 


WINTERGEEEN".  189 

COMPOUND  PELLS  or  GAMBOGE  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Barbadoes  aloes 20  parts. 

Gamboge 20  parts. 

White  honey 10  parts.  § 

Oil  of  anise 1  part. 

Make  a  mass,  and  divide  into  pills  of  3  grains  each. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  pills. 

COMPOUND  PELLS  OF  GAMBOGE — MILLER'S  PILLS. 
Take  of  Scammony 20  grains. 

Aloes 20  grains. 

Gamboge 20  grains. 

Calomel „ 20  grains. 

Cream  of  tartar 20  grains. 

Extract  of  dandelion sufficient. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  20  pills. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  pills.  Hospital  Formulary. 


GAULTHEKIA  (U.  S.,  Fr.)— WIOTERGKEEK 

The  leaves  of  Gaultheria  procumbens,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Ericacece),  a  very 
small  shrub  with  a  creeping  stem,  indigenous  to  North  America. 

It  has  an  agreeable  odor,  an  aromatic,  and  slightly  astringent  taste,  and 
is  used  as  a  flavoring  agent.  The  volatile  oil  is  the  preparation  generally 
employed. 

Dose  :  \  to  2  drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Oleum  Gaultheriae  (U.  S.)— Oil  of  Gaultheria. 
The  oil  obtained  from  wintergreen  by  distillation. 
Dose  :  2  to  10  minims. 

GAULTHERIA  WATER. 

Take  of  Oil  of  gaultheria 16  minims. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium 1  drachm. 

Water 1  pint. 

Eub  the  oil  with  the  carbonate,  then  with  the  water  added  gradually, 
and  filter. 

Used  as  a  vehicle.  Griffith. 

SPIRIT,  OR  ESSENCE  or  GAULTHERIA. 

Take  of  Oil  of  Gaultheria 1  ounce. 

Alcohol 15  ounces. 

Dissolve. 

Dose  :  |  to  1  drachm.  A  drachm,  taken  in  a  wineglass  of  sweetened 
water  three  times  a  day,  is  useful  in  common  colds.  F.  A.  Burrall. 


190  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


GELSEMIUM  (U.  S.)— YELLOW  JESSAMINE. 

The  root  of  Gelsemium  sempervirens,  Ait.  (Nat.  ord.,  Loganiacece),  a 
shrubby,  climbing  vine,  indigenous  to  the  Southern  States. 

Gelsemium  has  a  peculiar  odor,  and  an  agreeable,  bitter  taste.  It  is  an 
arterial  sedative,  lowering  the  pulse,  and  producing  a  corresponding  depres- 
sion of  the  nervous  system.  In  overdoses  it  is  a  very  dangerous  poison. 
It  is  used  in  the  early  stages  of  acute  inflammatory  affections,  as  pleurisy, 
pneumonia,  and  rheumatism,  and  in  some  spasmodic  diseases,  as  tetanus, 
whooping-cough,  spasmodic  asthma,  etc. 

Dose :  2  to  5  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum  Gelsemii  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Gelsemium. 

Take  of  Gelsemium 16  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  gelsemium  with  4  ounces  of  alcohol,  and  proceed  according 
to  the  general  formula,  page  161. 
Dose  :  2  to  5  minims. 


TINCTUKE  OP  GELSEMIUM. 

Take  of  Gelsemium 1  part. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  5  parts. 

Dose :  10  to  20  minims.  J.  P.  Remington,  Report  Am.  Ph.  Ass'n. 


GENTIANA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— GENTIAK 

The  root  of  Gentiana  lutea,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Gentianacece),  an  herbaceous 
perennial,  indigenous  to  Southern  and  Central  Europe. 

It  has  a  feeble  odor,  an  intensely  bitter  taste,  and  is  a  simple  bitter 
without  any  astringency.  As  a  tonic  it  is  well  suited  to  cases  of  gastric 
derangement,  and  to  stimulate  the  appetite  in  convalescence  from  acute 
diseases. 

Some  of  our  indigenous  species  of  gentian,  as  G.  Catesbsei  and  G. 
Andrews!!,  have  also  been  used  medicinally,  and  with  good  effect. 

Dose  :  A  to  1  drachm. 


GENTIAN.  191 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  Gentianae  (U.  S.  et  aL  Ph.) — Extract  of  Gentian. 

Take  of  Gentian 12  ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Exhaust  the  gentian  by  percolation  with  water,  boil  the   infusion  to 
three-fourths  of  its  bulk,  strain,  and  evaporate  to  a  proper  consistence. 
Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 

Extractum  Gentianae  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Gentian. 

Take  of  Gentian 16  ounces. 

Glycerin , 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  8  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  5  of  water,  moisten  the 
gentian  with  4  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  gen- 
eral formula,  page  161. 

Dose  :  |-  to  1  drachm. 

Infusum  Gentianae  Compositum  (TJ.  S.,  Br.) — Compound  Infusion  of 

Gentian. 

Take  of  Gentian £  ounce. 

Bitter-orange  peel 60  grains. 

Coriander 60  grains. 

Alcohol 2  ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  the  alcohol  with  14  ounces  of  water,  moisten  the  mixed  powders 
with  3  drachms  of  the  menstruum,  then  pack,  and  percolate  with  the  re- 
mainder and  sufficient  water  to  make  1  pint. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

A  British  preparation,  almost  identical  with  this,  is  termed  Gentian 
Mixture,  while  the  preparation  having  this  title  is  made  with  gentian,  60 
grains  ;  bitter  orange  peel,  60  grains ;  fresh  lemon  peel,  £  ounce ;  boiling 
distilled  water,  10  ounces. 

Tinctura  Gentianae  Composita  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Compound  Tincture 

of  Gentian. 

Take  of  Gentian 2  ounces. 

Bitter  orange  peel 1  ounce. 

Cardamom \  ounce. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  ^  to  2  drachms. 

The  French  Codex  directs  :  gentian,  10  parts  ;  carbonate  of  sodium,  3 
parts  ;  alcohol  (60$),  300  parts. 


192  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

TINCTURE  or  GENTIAN  (Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Gentian 1  part. 

Alcohol  (60$) 5  parts. 

Macerate  for  ten  days,  express,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  £  to  2  drachms. 

SYRUP  OF  GENTIAN  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Gentian 10  parts. 

Boiling  water 100  parts. 

White  sugar sufficient. 

Macerate  the  gentian  in  the  water  for  six  hours,  express,  filter,  and  add 
sugar  in  the  proportion  of  19  parts  to  10  parts  of  filtered  liquid. 
Dose  :  2  to  4  drachms. 

WINE  OF  GENTIAN  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Gentian 3  parts. 

Alcohol  (60$) 6  parts. 

Eed  wine 100  parts. 

Macerate  the  gentian  in  the  alcohol  for  twenty-four  hours,  add  the  wine, 
macerate  for  ten  days,  express  and  filter. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

MIXTURES  OF  GENTIAN. 

Take  of  Diluted  hydrochloric  acid 10  minims. 

Compound  infusion  of  gentian to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital* 

Take  of  Diluted  nitro-hydrochloric  acid 12  minims. 

Spirit  of  chloroform 10  minims. 

Compound  infusion  of  gentian to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  University  College  Hospital. 

Take  of  Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid 3  minims. 

Bicarbonate  of  sodium 15  grains. 

Compound  infusion  of  gentian to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital.. 

Take  of  Infusion  of  gentian 6  drachms. 

Infusion  of  senna 3  drachms. 

Compound  tincture  of  cardamom 1  drachm. 

Mix.     One  dose.  St.  George's  Hospital. 

PILL  OF  GENTIAN  AND  IRON. 

Take  of  Extract  of  gentian 3  grains. 

Sulphate  of  iron 1  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  Guy's  Hospital.. 


CBANESBILL.  193 

PELL  OF  GENTIAN  AND  ZINC. 

Take  of  Extract  of  gentian 3  grains. 

Sulphate  of  zinc 1  grain. 

Columbo sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  Guy's  Hospital. 


GERANIUM  (U.  S.)— GERANIUM— CRANESBILL. 

The  rhizome  of  Geranium  maculatum,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Geraniacece),  an 
herbaceous  perennial,  indigenous  to  North  America,  being  a  prominent  and 
beautiful  feature  of  moist  woodlands  during  its  season  of  bloom,  from  April 
till  July. 

The  rhizome  is  from  one  to  three  inches  long,  and  from  a  quarter  to  a 
half  inch  in  diameter.  It  has  an  astringent  taste,  and  contains  tannic  and 
gallic  acids. 

It  is  an  excellent  astringent,  and  may  be  employed  in  dysentery,  diar- 
rhoea, etc.,  with  as  good  effects  as  catechu  or  kino. 

Dose :  £  to  1  drachm. 

Extractum  Geranii  Fluidum  (U.  S.)— Fluid  Extract  of  Geranium. 

Take  of  Geranium 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  8  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  5  of  water,  moisten  the  ge- 
ranium with  4  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general 
formula,  page  161. 

Dose  :  4-  to  1  drachm. 

EXTRACT  OF  GERANIUM. 

Take  of  Geranium,  bruised 1  pound. 

Water 1  gallon. 

Boil  to  one-half,  strain,  and  evaporate  to  a  proper  consistence.  Very  simi- 
lar to  rhatany,  and  may  be  given  in  the  same  cases  and  in  the  same 
doses. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  grains.  Griffith. 

DECOCTION  OF  GERANIUM. 

Take  of  Geranium 1  ounce. 

Water 1|  pint. 

Boil  to  1  pint. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces.  Wood. 

13 


194  MEDICAL    FORMULAE Y. 

TINCTURE  OF  GEKANIUM. 

Take  of  Geranium,  fresh 1  part. 

Alcohol 2  parts. 

Macerate  two  weeks,  and  filter. 

Dose :  1  to  2  drachms.     Particularly  suited  to  the  treatment  of  such 
discharges  as  continue  after  the  removal  of  their  exciting  cause. 

Bigelow. 


GLYCERIN  CTM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— GLYCEEIN. 

A  sweet  principle  obtained  from  fats  and  fixed  oils,  by  decomposing 
them  into  their  proximate  principles. 

It  is  a  thick,  syrupy,  colorless  liquid,  without  odor,  and  having  a  very 
sweet  taste.  It  is  largely  used  as  a  solvent,  and  to  sweeten  mixtures  when 
from  any  reason  it  is  desirable  to  avoid  the  administration  of  sugar. 

A  class  of  officinal  preparations,  termed  glycerites  (glycerita),  are  solu- 
tions of  medicinal  substances  in  glycerin,  made  by  trituration. 

Dose  :  J  to  2  drachms. 

LOTIONS  OF  GLYCERIN. 

Take  of  Glycerin 1  drachm. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.  British  Skin  Hospital 

Take  of  Glycerin \  ounce. 

Saccharated  solution  of  lime %  ounce. 

Mix.  Samaritan  Hospital. 


GLYCYRRHIZA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— LIQUORICE   ROOT. 

The  root  and  subterraneous  stem  of  Glycyrrhiza  glabra,  L.  (Nat.  ord., 
Leguminosce),  an  herbaceous  perennial  indigenous  to  Southern  Europe, 
but  extensively  cultivated  in  other  regions. 

Liquorice  root  contains  sugar  and  albuminous  matter,  and,  in  addition, 
a  sweet  principle  termed  glycyrrhizin  (glycyrrhizinum). 

It  is  demulcent  and  slightly  laxative,  and  is  used  in  acute  catarrhal 
affections  of  the  pulmonary  and  urinary  organs.  The  extract  is  much  used 
to  cover  the  taste  of  nauseous  medicines.  . 

Dose  :  1  to  3  drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  Glycyrrhizse  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Liquorice. 

An  aqueous  extract,  made  on  a  large  scale  by  boiling  the  root  with 
water,  straining,  and  evaporating  until  it  solidifies  on  cooling. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 


LIQUORICE    BOOT.  195 

Extractum  Glycyrrhizae  Fluidum   (U.  S.,  Br.)— Fluid  Extract  of 

Liquorice  Root. 

Take  of  Liquorice  root 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  8  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  5  of  water,  moisten  the  root 
with  4  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general  formula, 
page  161. 

Dose  :  •£•  to  1  drachm. 

Mistura  Glyeyrrhizae   Composita  ..(U.    S.) — Compound  Mixture   of 
Liquorice — Brown  Mixture. 

Take  of  Liquorice ^  ounce. 

Sugar ^  ounce. 

Gum  arabic %  ounce. 

Camphorated  tincture  of  opium 2  ounces. 

Wine  of  antimony 1  ounce. 

Spirit  of  nitrous  ether %  ounce. 

Water 12  ounces. 

Rub  the  powders  with  the  water  gradually  added,  then  add  the  other 
ingredients,  and  mix. 
Dose :  1  to  5  drachms. 
An  excellent  and  popular  cough  mixture. 

Trochisci  Glycyrrhizae  et  Opii  (U.   S.) — Troches  of  Liquorice  and 

Opium. 

Take  of  Extract  of  opium 24  grains. 

Liquorice 2  ounces. 

Gum  arabic 1  ounce. 

Sugar 3  ounces. 

Oil  of  anise 15  minims. 

Rub  the  powders  together,  then  add  the  oil,  and  with  water  form  a 
mass,  to  be  divided  into  480  troches. 

Dose  :  1  to  5  troches.     In  cough,  and  irritation  of  the  throat. 

LIQUORICE  PASTE  (Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Liquorice 1  part 

White  sugar 1  part. 

Gum  arabic 2  parts. 

Water 6  parts. 

Dissolve  the  liquorice  in  the  water,  and  strain  ;  add  the  gum,  previous- 
washed,  and  when  dissolved,  strain,  and  add  the  sugar.  Evaporate  until 
•ly  solid,  roll  into  sheets,  cut  them  into  strips,  and  dry.  The  German 
process  is  different,  but  the  product  is  quite  similar.  Another  similar 
French  preparation  contains  a  minute  quantity  of  extract  of  opium. 


196  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

COMPOUND  LIQUORICE  POWDER  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Senna 2  parts. 

Liquorice  root 2  parts. 

Fennel  seed 1  part. 

Washed  sulphur 1  part. 

White  sugar 6  parts. 

Mix.     Dose :  4-  to  1  drachm.     A  mild  and  excellent  laxative. 

SYRUP  OF  LIQUORICE  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Peeled  liquorice  root 4  parts. 

Water 18  parts. 

White  sugar 12  parts. 

Clarified  honey 12  parts. 

Macerate  the  root  in  the  water  for  one  night,  express,  filter,  and  evapo- 
rate to  7  parts,  then  add  the  sugar  and  honey. 
Used  as  a  vehicle. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  liquorice  root 2  ounces. 

Syrup 14  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms.  Charles  Eice. 

PECTORAL  ELIXIR  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Purified  liquorice 2  parts. 

Anisated  spirit  of  ammonia 2  parts. 

•    Fennel  water 6  parts. 

Dissolve  the  liquorice  in  the  fennel  water,  then  add  the  anisated  spirit. 

DECOCTION  OF  LIQUORICE. 

Take  of  Liquorice  root 1£  ounce. 

Anise \  ounce. 

Water 20  ounces. 

Boil  fifteen  minutes,  and  strain. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  ounces.  Brovvpton  Consumption  Hospital. 


GOSSYPIUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— COTTON. 

The  hairy  filaments  attached  to  the  seeds  of  Gossypium  herbaceum,  L., 
and  other  species  of  Gossypium  (Nat.  ord.,  Malvaceae). 

The  cotton  plant  is  indigenous  to  the  tropical  and  subtropical  regions 
of  Asia  and  Africa,  but  is  extensively  cultivated  in  this  country. 

Cotton  is  used  in  the  preparation  of  pyroxylon  (soluble  gun  cotton),  and 
as  a  surgical  dressing.  Freed  from  impurities,  it  is  an  admirable  applica- 
tion to  recent  wounds,  burns,  etc.,  effectually  preserving  them  from  con- 
tact with  the  air  while  it  absorbs  the  discharges. 


COTTON.  197 

PREPARATIONS. 
Pyroxylon  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Soluble  Gun  Cotton. 

Take  of  Cotton,  freed  from  impurities £  ounce. 

Nitric  acid  (by  weight) 3J  ounces. 

Sulphuric  acid  (by  weight) 4  ounces. 

Mix  the  acids  gradually,  and  when  the  temperature  has  fallen  to  90°, 
add  the  cotton.  Allow  it  to -macerate  fifteen  hours,  then  wash  first  with 
cold,  afterward  with  boiling  water,  and  dry  on  a  water-bath. 

For  its  iises,  see  Collodion. 

MEDICATED  COTTON. 

Take  of  Boracic  acid .» 60  grains. 

Glycerin 20  minims. 

Water 6  drachms. 

Cotton  wool,  in  a  thin  sheet 60  grains. 

Mix  the  acid,  glycerin,  and  water,  and  dissolve  with  the  aid  of  heat. 
Saturate  the  cotton  with  the  solution,  and  dry  with  a  moderate  heat. 

Antiseptic  and  disinfectant.  Used  as  a  nasal  plug,  or  respirator,  in  affec- 
tions of  the  nose  and  naso-pharyngeal  region.  It  may  also  be  used  as  a 
surgical  dressing.  London  Throat  Hospital. 

Take  of  Tannic  acid 30  grains. 

Glycerin 10  minims. 

Water 6  drachms. 

Cotton  wool,  in  a  thin  sheet 60  grains. 

Dissolve  the  acid  in  the  glycerin  and  water,  saturate  the  cotton  with  the 
solution,  and  dry  with  a  moderate  heat.  Astringent.  Used  like  the  pre- 
ceding. London  Throat  Hospital. 

Take  of  Solution  of  perchloride  of  iron £  ounce. 

Glycerin 10  minims. 

Cotton  wool,  in  a  thin  sheet 60  grains. 

Mix  the  glycerin  with  the  iron  solution,  saturate  the  cotton  with  the 
mixture,  and  dry  by  exposure  to  the  air.  Astringent  and  styptic. 

London  Throat  Hospital. 

Take  of  lodoform 70  grains. 

Pure  ether 10  drachms. 

Absolute  alcohol 2  drachms. 

Glycerin "...  10  minims. 

Cotton  wool,  in  a  thin  sheet 60  grains. 

Dissolve  the  iodoform  in  the  ether,  add  the  alcohol  and  glycerin,  previ- 
ously mixed,  saturate  the  cotton  with  the  solution,  and  dry  by  exposure  to 
the  air.  Prepare  in  a  room  without  fire  or  artificial  light.  Stimulant  and 
antiseptic.  London  Throat  Hospital. 


198  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


GOSSYPII  RADICIS  CORTEX    (U.  S.)— BARK   OF  COTTON 

ROOT. 

The  bark  of  the  root  of  Gossypium  herbaceum,  L.,  and  of  other  species 
of  Gossypium.  See  Gossypium. 

Cotton  root  bark  has  an  effect  upon  the  uterus  like  that  of  ergot.  It 
has  been  long  used  by  the  negresses  of  the  Southern  States  to  produce 
abortion.  It  is  used  medicinally  in  amenorrhcea  and  dysmenorrhoea. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum  Gossypii   Radicis  Fluidum   (U.    S.) — Fluid  Extract   of 

Cotton  Root. 

Take  of  Bark  of  cotton  root 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  4  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  5  of  water,  moisten  the  bark 
with  4  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general  formula, 
page  161. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  minims. 

DECOCTION  OF  COTTON  ROOT. 

Take  of  Bark  of  cotton  root 4  ounces. 

Water 2  pints. 

Boil  to  1  pint. 

Dose  :  2  to  4  ounces  every  twenty  or  thirty  minutes  as  an  oxytocic. 

National  Dispensatory. 


GRANATI    FRUCTUS    CORTEX    (U.   S.   et  al.   Ph.)— POME- 
GRANATE RIND. 

GRANATI  RADICIS  CORTEX  (U.  S.   et  al.  Ph.)— BARK  OF 
POMEGRANATE  ROOT. 

The  rind  of  the  fruit  and  bark  of  the  root  of  Punica  Granatum,  L. 
(Nat.  ord.j  Granatece),  a  shrub  or  small  tree  indigenous  to  Asia,  but  culti- 
vated in  many  subtropical  countries. 

The  bark  of  pomegranate  root  is  powerfully  astringent,  owing  to  the 
large  percentage  of  tannin  which  it  contains,  and  which  is  its  chief  con- 
stituent. Its  most  important  use,  however,  is  not  as  an  astringent,  but  as 
a  remedy  for  tape-worm.  The  rind  of  the  fruit  is  used  as  an  astringent  in 
diarrhoea,  etc. 

Dose  :  of  the  rind,  20  to  30  grains ;  of  the- root  bark,  10  to  30  grains. 


GRINDELIA.  199 

PREPARATIONS. 

DECOCTION  OP  POMEGRANATE  ROOT  (Br.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Pomegranate  root  bark 2  ounces. 

Distilled  water  .    40  ounces. 

Boil  down  to  20  ounces,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

ALCOHOLIC  EXTRACT  OF  POMEGRANATE  BOOT  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Pomegranate  root  bark 1  part. 

Alcohol  (600) 6  parts. 

Exhaust  the  bark  by  percolation  with  the  alcohol,  and  evaporate  to  a 
soft  extract. 

Dose  :  10  to  20  grains. 

MIXTURE  OF  POMEGRANATE  ROOT  AND  MAT.K  FERN. 

Take  of  Pomegranate  root 4  ounces. 

Macerate  twenty-four  hours  in  8  ounces  of  water,  then  boil  to  3  ounces, 
and  add  of 

Oleoresin  of  fern 3  drachms. 

Ether 1  drachm. 

Fluid  extract  of  valerian 2  drachms. 

Croton  oil 1  minim. 

Honey 1 J  ounce. 

Mix.  Dose  :  After  a  fast  of  twenty-four  hours,  eating  only  herring  and 
onions,  or  garlic,  take  one-third  of  the  mixture,  and  repeat  in  fifteen 
minutes.  An  hour  later,  take  a  dose  of  castor  oil,  and  if  the  worm  is  not 
expelled  within  three  hours,  take  the  remainder  of  the  mixture.  For  tape- 
worm. E.  Tauszky. 


GRINDELIA.— GRINDELIA. 

The  leaves  and  tops  of  Grindelia  robusta,  Nutt.  and  G.  squarrosa, 
Dunal  (Nat.  ord.,  Composites),  herbaceous  perennials,  indigenous  to  the 
Pacific  coast  of  North  America.  The  medicinal  properties  of  the  two  are 
probably  nearly  identical  At  present  grindelia  is  little  more  than  a  sub- 
ject of  experiment.  It  has  been  found  very  beneficial  in  some  cases  of 
asthma,  and  is  reported  to  have  been  serviceable  in  bronchitis  and  whoop- 
ing-cough. 

The  fluid  extract,  applied  externally,  was  asserted  to  cure  Rhus  poison- 
ing, but  like  many  other  remedies  for  this  affection,  it  has  not  substantiated 
the  claims  made  for  it.  It  is  no  better  than  any  other  application  which 
protects  the  inflamed  surface  from  the  air. 

Dose  :  15  to  60  grains. 


200  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

FLUID  EXTRACT  OF  GKINDELIA. 

Take  of  Grindelia 16  parts. 

Alcohol,  3  parts — water,  2  parts sufficient. 

Moisten  the  grindelia  with  6  ounces  of  the  menstruum,  and  proceed 
according  to  the  general  formula,  page  161. 
Dose  :  15  to  60  minims. 

TINCTURE  OF  GRINDELIA. 

Take  of  Grindelia 1  part. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  5  parts. 

Dose  :  ^  to  2  drachms.  J.  P.  Remington,  Rept.  Am.  Ph.  Ass'n. 

MIXTURE  OF  GRINDELIA. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  grindelia 4  ounces. 

Fluid  extract  of  rhubarb 1  ounce. 

Fluid  extract  of  senna 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose :  2  drachms  every  half  hour  during  the  spasm  of  hay  fever, 
and  afterward  at  intervals  of  three  hours.  Napheys. 


GUAIACI  LIGNUM  (U.   S.  et  al.  Ph.)— GUAIACUM  WOOD. 

The  wood  of  Guaiacum  officinale,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Zygophyllece),  a  tree 
indigenous  to  the  West  Indies  and  Central  America. 

It  is  very  heavy,  and  contains  about  twenty-five  per  cent,  of  resin 
(Guaiaci  resina),  its  most  important  and  valuable  constituent.  Both  the 
wood  and  resin  are  used  medicinally. 

Guaiacum  is  stimulant  and  alterative,  and  is  used  mainly  in  diseases 
of  a  chronic  and  obstinate  character,  such  as  syphilis,  chronic  skin  dis- 
eases, chronic  rheumatism,  etc.  It  has  also  been  used  considerably  in 
amenorrhcea  and  dysmenorrhcea. 

The  resin,  being  much  more  eligible  than  the  wood,  is  generally  em- 
ployed. The  latter  enters  into  the  composition  of  Compound  Decoction  of 
jSarsaparilla,  which  see. 

PREPARATIONS. 

DECOCTION  OF  GUAIACUM  WOOD  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Guaiacum  wood 5  parts. 

Water sufficient 

Boil  the  wood  for  an  hour  in  sufficient  water  to  obtain  100  parts. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 


GUAIAC.  201 

TINCTURE  OF  GUAIACUM  WOOD  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Guaiacum  wood 1  part. 

Alcohol  (600) 5  parts. 

Macerate  ten  days,  express  and  filter. 
Dose  :  2  to  4  drachms. 


GUAIACI  BESINA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— GUAIAC. 

The  resin  obtained  from  the  wood  of  Guaiacum  officinale,  L.,  by  ex- 
udation, by  incision,  by  heat,  or  by  decoction.  Medicinal  properties  and 
uses  the  same  as  of  Guaiacum  wood. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Tinctura  Guaiaci  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)— Tincture  of  Guaiac. 

Take  of  Guaiac 6  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  £  to  1  drachm 

Tinctura    Guaiaci    Ammoniata    (U.    S.,    Br.,    Ger.)  —  Ammoniated 

Tincture  of  Guaiac. 

Take  of  Guaiac 6  ounces. 

Aromatic  spirit  of  ammonia 2  pints. 

Macerate  seven  days,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  £  to  1  drachm. 

GUAIACUM  MIXTURE  (Br.). 

Take  of  Guaiacum  resin J  ounce. 

Refined  sugar ^  ounce. 

Gum  arabic £  ounce. 

Cinnamon  water 20  ounces. 

Triturate  the  guaiac  with  the  sugar  and  gum,  adding  the  cinnamon 
water  gradually. 

Dose  :  ^  to  2  ounces. 

Take  of  Ammoniated  tincture  of  guaiacum 30  minims. 

Mucilage 1  drachm. 

Water. to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One"  dose.  London  Ophthalmic  Hospital. 


202  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

GARGLE  OF  GUAIAC. 

Take  of  Ammoniated  tincture  of  guaiac 3  drachms. 

Solution  of  potassa 3  drachms. 

Tincture  of  opium 2  drachms. 

Cinnamon  water to  8  ounces. 

Mix.     Use  as  a  gargle  every  hour,  in  clergyman's  sore  throat. 

Garner. 

COMPOUND  POWDER  OF  GUAIAC. 

Take  of  Guaiac 15  grains. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium 15  grains. 

Precipitated  sulphur 15  grains. 

Gum  arabic 15  grains. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium 22  grains. 

Mix.     Dose  :  ^  to  1  drachm.  St.  George's  Hospital. 


GUAEANA— PAULLINIA. 

The  powdered  seeds  of  Paullinia  sorbilis,  Martius  (Nat.  ord.,  Sapindacece)y 
a  climbing  vine  indigenous  to  the  region  of  the  Amazon. 

It  has  a  bitter  and  astringent  taste,  and  contains  caffein  as  its  most  im- 
portant constituent.  In  Brazil  it  is  used  in  much  the  same  manner  and 
for  the  same  purposes  as  we  use  coffee.  When  first  introduced  to  the 
medical  profession,  it  was  claimed  to  possess  very  important  properties, 
but  it  is  now  seldom  employed  except  in  nervous  and  sick  headaches. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 

FLUID  EXTRACT  OF  GUARANA. 

Take  of  Guarana 16  parts. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  guarana  with  6  parts  of  diluted  alcohol,  and  proceed  ac- 
cording to  the  general  formula,  page  161. 
,Dose  :  10  to  30  minims. 

TINCTURE  OF  GUARANA. 

Take  of  Guarana 1  part. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  5  parts. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms.         J.  P.  fiemington,  Report  of  Am.  Ph.  Ass'n. 


LOGWOOD.  203 

H^EMATOXYLON  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— LOGWOOD. 

The  heart-wood  of  Hsematoxylon  Campechianum,  L.  (Nat.  ore?.,  Legumi- 
noscK),  a  medium-sized  tree,  indigenous  to  the  region  about  the  bay  of 
Campeachy  in  Yucatan,  and  other  portions  of  Central  America,  from  whence 
it  has  been  introduced  into  many  of  the  West  India  Islands. 

Logwood  has  a  feeble,  rather  unpleasant  odor,  and  a  sweetish,  astrin- 
gent taste.  It  is  a  mild  astringent,  well  suited  to  the  later  stages  of  in- 
fantile diarrhoea. 

Dose  :  J  to  2  drachms,  in  decoction. 


PREPARATIONS. 

Deooctum  Haematoxyli  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Decoction  of  Logwood. 

Take  of  Logwood 1  ounce. 

Water 2  pints. 

Boil  to  1  pint,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 


Extractum  Haematoxyli  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.) — Extract  of  Logwood. 

Take  of  Logwood 12  ounces. 

Water 8  pints. 

Boil  to  4  pints,  strain,  and  evaporate  to  dryness. 
Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 

MIXTURES  OF  LOGWOOD. 

Take  of  Decoction  of  logwood 5  drachms. 

Lime  water 3  drachms. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

Take  of  Bicarbonate  of  potassium 20  grains. 

Tincture  of  opium 5  minims. 

Tincture  of  catechu 15  minims. 

Decoction  of  logwood to  1  ounce. 

MIT.     One  dose.  Eoyal  Free  Hospital. 

• 

Take  of  Extract  of  logwood 10  grains. 

Wine  of  opium 5  minims. 

Wine  of  ipecacuanha 10  minims. 

Chalk  mixture to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Guy's  Hospital. 


204  MEDICAL    FORMULAKY. 


HAMAMELIS  (U.  S.)—  WITCH-HAZEL. 

The  bark  of  the  small  branches  of  Hamamelis  Virginica,  L.  (Nat.  ord., 
ffamamelacece),  a  shrub  from  six  to  twelve  or  more  feet  high,  common 
throughout  the  United  States  and  Canada,  growing  in  moist  woods,  and 
blooming  late  in  the  fall. 

Hamamelis  possesses  astringent  properties  of  a  valuable  character,  and 
which  can  scarcely  be  attributed  solely  to  the  comparatively  small  per- 
centage of  tannin  which  it  contains.  Clinical  experience  has  demonstrated 
its  value  in  hemorrhage  from  the  lungs,  stomach,  bowels,  uterus,  etc.,  and, 
used  internally  and  topically,  in  hemorrhoids. 

Dose  :      to  2  drachms. 


DECOCTION  OF  WITCH-HAZEL. 
Take  of  Witch-hazel  ..............................     1  ounce. 

Water  ...................................     1  pint. 

Boil  and  strain.     Dose  :  2  to  4  ounces.  N.  S.  Dams. 

FLUID  EXTRACT  OP  WITCH-HAZEL. 

Take  of  Witch-hazel  ............................  .  .   16  parts. 

Alcohol,  1   part  —  Glycerin,  1    part  —  Water,  4 

parts  ..................................      sufficient. 

Moisten  the  witch-hazel  with  six  ounces  of  the  menstruum,  and  pro- 
ceed according  to  the  general  formula,  page  161. 

Report  of  Am.  Ph.  Ass'n. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 

Most  of  the  commercial  extracts  of  witch-hazel  are  unreliable.     This 
formula  is  believed  to  yield  a  product  entitled  to  confidence. 

INJECTION  OF  WITCH-HAZEL. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  witch-hazel  .....................      1  drachm. 

Water  ...  ................................      1  pint. 

Mix.     Use  after  stool,  in  hemorrhoids. 

TINCTURE  OF  WITCH-HAZEL. 

Take  of  Witch-hazel,  fresh  ........................     1  part. 

Diluted  alcohol  ...........................     2  parts. 

Macerate  two  weeks,  express  and  filter. 
Dose  :  5  to  30  minims. 

A  tincture  made  in  this  manner  by  the  author,  has  invariably  yielded 
good  results. 


HOPS.  205 


HUMULIJS    (TT.S.etal.  Ph.)— HOPS. 

The  strobiles  of  Humulus  Lupulus,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Vrticacece),  an  herba- 
ceous climbing  vine,  with  a  perennial  root,  indigenous  to  both  the  Old 
World  and  the  New. 

Hops  have  a  strong,  aromatic  odor,  and  an  agreeable,  bitter  taste.  The 
seeds  are  covered  with  yellowish  glands,  which  are  the  active  portion,  and 
are  termed  lupulin  (Lupulina). 

Hops  are  tonic  and  mildly  narcotic.  Internally  they  are  employed  to 
allay  pain,  to  relieve  restlessness,  and  to  calm  morbid  excitement  of  the 
sexual  organs.  Topically,  they  are  employed  as  a  fomentation  in  painful 
swellings. 

For  internal  administration,  lupulin  is  generally  used. 

Dose :  20  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Infusum  Humuli  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Infusion  of  Hops. 

Take  of  Hops %  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint 

Macerate  for  two  hours,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

Tinctura  Humuli  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Tincture  of  Hops. 

Take  of  Hops 5  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  1  to  3  drachms. 

EXTRACT  OF  HOPS  (Br.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Hops 1  pound. 

Rectified  spirit 30  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Macerate  the  hops  in  the  spirit  for  seven  days,  express,  filter,  and  evap- 
orate to  a  soft  extract.  Boil  the  residual  hops  with  the  water  for  an  hour, 
express,  strain,  and  evaporate  to  a  soft  extract.  Mix  the  two  extracts,  and 
evaporate  below  140°  to  a  proper  consistence  for  making  pills. 

Dose  :  5  to  15  grains. 

INHALATIONS  OF  HOPS. 

Take  of  Dried  carbonate  of  sodium 20  grains. 

Water  at  140° 1  pint. 

Dissolve,  and  add  of 

Extract  of  hops 1  drachm. 

The  vapor  to  be  inhaled.     Sedative.  G.  M.  Lefferts. 


206  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Take  of  Hops 1J  ounce. 

Hot  water 20  ounces. 

Mix.     The  vapor  to  be  inhaled. 

Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 


HYDRARGYRUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— MERCURY. 

A  heavy  metal  which  is  fluid  at  ordinary  temperatures,  but  crystallizes 
and  becomes  solid  at  39°.  It  is  slowly  vaporized  at  the  temperature  of 
the  air,  but  rapidly  at  its  boiling-point,  662°. 

Mercury  in  the  fluid,  metallic  state  is  nearly,  or  quite  inert,  but  all  of 
its  compounds  are  active.  Some  of  them  are  violent  corrosive  poisons, 
and  all  are  more  or  less  irritating.  In  small  and  repeated  doses,  all  of 
them  stimulate  the  secretory  and  excretory  organs,  and  thus  exert  an  alter- 
ative influence.  By  this  increased  activity  of  the  glandular  system,  accu- 
mulations of  liquids,  swellings  and  indurations,  often  rapidly  disappear. 
But  carried  too  far,  this  influence  is  disorganizing  and  destructive,  pro- 
ducing excessive  salivation,  swelling  of  the  tongue  and  gums,  loosening  of 
the  teeth,  fetid  breath,  and  a  profound  cachexia. 

The  immediate  effects  of  large  doses  of  the  various  preparations  of 
mercury  differ  greatly,  some  acting  as  purgatives,  sedatives,  etc.,  while 
*others  act  as  corrosive  poisons. 

In  its  various  forms,  mercury  is  extensively  employed  as  an  alterative, 
especially  in  the  many  manifestations  of  syphilis.  It  is  also  used  as  a 
cholagogue,  sialagogue,  cathartic,  etc.,  and  for  sedative  effect. 

Few  drugs  have  been  so  badly  misused,  while  fewer  yet  are  more  valu- 
able if  used  with  wise  discrimination. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Hydrargyrum  cum  Greta  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Mercury  with  Chalk. 

Take  of  Mercury 3  ounces. 

Prepared  chalk 5  ounces. 

Rub  together  until  globules  cease  to  be  visible. 

Dose :  2  to  6  grains. 

This  is  an  excellent  preparation,  and  is  especially  valuable  in  diseases  of 
children  requiring  the  employment  of  mercury. 

According  to  Dr.  Piffard,  sugar  of  milk  is  a  far  better  triturant  for 
mercury  than  chalk ;  and  a  preparation  made  with  it  instead  of  chalk  is 
correspondingly  more  active.  He  examined  many  specimens  of  each 
microscopically,  and  invariably  found  the  mercury  in  a  much  more  finely 
divided  state  when  sugar,  of  milk  had  been  employed,  than  when  chalk 
was  used. 


MERCURY.  207 

Emplastrum  Hydrargyri  (U.  S.  et  aL  Ph.) — Mercurial  Plaster. 

Take  of  Mercury 6  ounces. 

Olive  oil,  (by  weight) 2  ounces. 

Resin 2  ounces. 

Lead  plaster 12  ounces. 

Melt  the  oil  and  resin  together,  and  when  cool,  add  the  mercury  and 
rub  till  the  globules  disappear ;  then  add  the  plaster,  previously  melted, 
and  mix. 

PilulaB  Hydrargyri  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— Pills  of  Mercury— Blue  Pill. 

Take  of  Mercury 384  grains. 

Confection  of  rose 576  grains. 

Liquorice  root 192  grains. 

Rub  the  mercury  with  the  confection  until  globules  cease  to  be  visible, 
add  the  liquorice  root,  beat  into  a  mass,  and  divide  into  384  pills. 

Dose  :  1  to  5  pills. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs :  mercury,  2  ounces ;  confection  of 
rose,  3  ounces ;  liquorice  root,  1  ounce,  and  leaves  the  mass  undivided — a 
much  better  plan. 

Unguentum  Hydrargyri  (U.  S.  et  aL  Ph.) — Mercurial  Ointment. 

Take  of  Mercury *. 24  ounces. 

Lard 12  ounces. 

Suet • 12  ounces. 

Rub  the  mercury  with  1  ounce  of  the  suet  and  a  small  portion  of  lard, 
until  the  globules  cease  to  be  visible,  then  add  the  remainder  of  the  lard 
and  suet,  and  mix. 

COMPOUND  OINTMENT  OF  MERCURY  (Br.). 

Take  of  Ointment  of  mercury 6  ounces. 

Yellow  wax 3  ounces. 

Olive  oil,  (by  weight) 3  ounces. 

Camphor 1^  ounce. 

Melt  the  wax,  add  the  oil,  then,  when  nearly  cold,  add  the  camphor  in 
powder,  and  the  ointment  of  mercury. 

PILLS  OF  MERCURY  WITH  CHALK. 
Take  of  Mercury  with  chalk 2£  grains. 

Dover's  powder 2£  grains. 

Treacle sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Mercury  with  chalk 2£  grains. 

Rhubarb 2|-  grains. 

Treacle sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital 


208  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

PILL  OF  MERCURY  WITH  IRON. 

Take  of  Blue  pill 2  grains. 

Dried  sulphate  of  iron 1  grain. 

Make  1  pill.     Dose  :  3  to  6  daily.  F..R.  Sturgis. 

PILL  OF  MERCURY  WITH  QITINIA. 

Take  of  Blue  pill 2  grains. 

Sulphate  of  quinia 1  grain. 

Make  1  pill.     Dose  :  3  to  6  daily. 

This,  and  the  preceding  have  the  advantage  over  blue  pill  of  being  not 
only  tonic,  but  much  more  easily  tolerated.  F.  E.  Stnrgis. 

COMPOUND  PILLS  OF  MERCURY. 

Take  of  Blue  pill 1  grain. 

Compound  extract  of  colocynth 4  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  Samaritan  Hospital. 

Take  of  Blue  pill 1  grain. 

Extract  of  colocynth 2  grains. 

Extract  of  henbane 2  grains. 

Make  1  pill.     Dose  :  1  or  2  pills.  St.  Mary's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Blue  pill . . . .. 2  grains. 

Dover's  powder 3  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Fever  Hospital. 

Take  of  Blue  pill 10  grains. 

Powdered  aloes 20  grains. 

Resin  of  podophyllum 3  grains. 

Extract  of  henbane 10  grains. 

Extract  of  dandelion sufficient. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  20  pills.  Hospital  Formulary. 

TRIPLEX  PILLS. 

Take  of  Blue  pill 20  grains. 

Resin  of  scammony 20  grains. 

Powdered  aloes 20  grains. 

Oil  of  caraway sufficient. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  20  pills.  Hospital  Formulary. 

COMPOUND  POWDERS  OF  MERCURY  WITH  CHALK. 

Take  of  Mercury  with  chalk 2  grains. 

Subnitrate  of  bismuth 2  grains. 

Powder  of  rhubarb  and  soda 6  grains. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Westminster  Hospital. 


WHITE    PRECIPITATE.  209 

Take  of  Mercury  with  chalk 2  grains. 

Sugar : 2  grains. 

Powdered  Belladonna  leaves 1  grain. 

Mix.     One  dose.  University  College  Hospital. 

COMPOUND  MERCURIAL  OINTMENTS. 

Take  of  Extract  of  belladonna 1  drachm. 

Mercurial  ointment to  1  ounce. 

Mix.  London  Hospital. 

Take  of  Extract  of  conium 1  drachm. 

Mercurial  ointment 1  ounce. 

Mix.  Great  Northern  Hospital. 

Take  of  Mercurial  ointment 1  ounce. 

Camphor 1  drachm. 

Proof  spirit v. sufficient. 

Powder  the  camphor  with  a  few  drops  of  the   spirit,  and  mix  it  with 
the  mercurial  ointment.  St.  George's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Mercurial  ointment 2  ounces. 

Soap  cerate  plaster 2  ounces. 

Camphor £  ounce. 

MIT.  London  Hospital. 


HYDRARGYRUM  AMMOKLATUM  (IT.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)— AMMO- 
MATED  MERCURY— WHITE  PRECIPITATE. 

Take  of  Corrosive  chloride  of  mercury 6  ounces. 

Water  of  ammonia 8  ounces. 

Distilled  water 8  pints. 

Dissolve  the  chloride  in  the  distilled  water  with  the  aid  of  heat,  and, 
when  cold,  add  the  water  of  ammonia,  frequently  stirring,  wash  the  pre- 
cipitate until  the  washings  become  nearly  tasteless,  and  dry  it. 

Ammoniated  mercury  is  a  white  powder  of  a  metallic  taste,  and  insolu- 
ble in  water.  It  is  not  used  internally,  but  is  employed  topically  in  the 
form  of  an  ointment  in  cutaneous  affections. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Un&uentum  Hydrargyri  Ammoniati  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)— Ointment  of 
Ammoniated  Mercury — White  Precipitate  Ointment. 

Take  of  Ammoniated  mercury 40  grains. 

Ointment 1  ounce. 

Mix. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  employs  1  part  of  ammoniated  mercury  with 
7  of  simple  ointment,  and  the  German  Pharmacopoeia  1  with  9  of  lard. 
14 


210  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Take  of  Ammoniated  mercury 4  parts. 

Thymol : 1  part. 

•     Vaseline 45  parts. 

Mix.     Use  in  squamous  eczema  of  the  scalp.  G.  H.  Fox. 


COMPOUND  OINTMENT  OF  AMMONIATED  MERCURY. 

Take  of  Ammoniated  mercury 40  grains. 

Oxide  of  zinc 40  grains. 

Red  oxide  of  mercury 5  grains. 

Lard 1  ounce. 

Mix.  Middlesex  Hospital. 


Take  of  Ammoniated  mercury 6  grains. 

Sublimed  sulphur 30  grains. 

Benzoated  lard 1  ounce. 

Mix.  London  Ophthalmic  Hospital. 


Take  of  Ammoniated  mercury 40  grains. 

Sublimed  sulphur 1  ounce. 

Nitrate  of  potassium 1  drachm. 

Oil  of  lavender 4  minims. 

Prepared  lard 1  ounce. 

• 

Mix.     "Itch  Ointment."  Hospital  for  Ruptured  and  Crippled. 


HYDRARGYRI    CHLORIDUM   CORROSIYUM    (U.   S.   et  al. 
Ph.)— CORROSIVE  CHLORIDE  OF  MERC  [TRY— COR- 
ROSIVE SUBLIMATE— BICHLORIDE  OF  MERCURY. 

Take  of  Mercury 24  ounces. 

Sulphuric  acid  (by  weight) 36  ounces. 

Chloride  of  sodium 18  ounces. 

Boil  the  mercury  with  the  acid  by  means  of  a  sand-bath  until  a  dry,  white 
mass  is  left.  Rub  this,  when  cold,  with  the  chloride  of  sodium,  then  sub- 
lime with  a  gradually  increasing  heat. 

It  occurs  as  a  white,  crystalline  powder  or  mass,  of  a  disagreeable,  me- 
tallic taste,  soluble  in  2  parts  of  boiling,  and  in  16  of  cold  water,  3  of  alco- 
hol, and  4  of  ether. 

Taken  in  small  doses  it  produces  the  constitutional  effects  of  mercury  ; 
in  overdoses  it  is  a  violent  corrosive  poison.      Locally,  solutions  are  used 
in  various  cutaneous  affections. 
^    Dose :  -fa  to  -J-  grain. 


CORROSIVE    SUBLIMATE.  211 

PREPARATIONS. 

COMPOUND  PTT.T.S  OF  CORBOSIVE  SUBLIMATE  (Fr.) — DUPUYTREN'S  PILLS. 
Take  of  Corrosive  sublimate 1  part. 

Extract  of  opium 2  parts. 

Extract  of  guaiac 4  parts. 

Make  a  mass,  and  divide  into  pills  of  1  grain  each. 

SOLUTION  OF  CORROSIVE  SUBLIMATE  (Br.). 
Take  of  Corrosive  sublimate 10  grains. 

Chloride  of  ammonium 10  grains. 

Distilled  water 20  ounces. 

Dissolve. 

Dose  :  %  to  2  drachms. 

YELLOW  MERCURIAL  LOTION  (Br.). 

Take  of  Corrosive  sublimate 18  grains. 

Solution  of  lime 10  ounces. 

Mix.     Commonly  known  as  "  yellow  wash."     Used  as  an  application  to 
indolent  chancres,  and  other  syphilitic  ulcers. 

LOTIONS  OF  CORROSIVE  SUBLIMATE. 

Take  of  Corrosive  sublimate 2  to  4  grains. 

Alcohol 4  drachms. 

Chloride  of  ammonium £  drachm. 

Rose  water to  6  ounces. 

Mix.     Use  in  scabies,  phtheiriasis,  and  tinea  versicolor. 

Tilbury  Fox. 

Take  of  Corrosive  sublimate 1  grain. 

Water 8  ounces. 

Pissolve.  London,  Ophthalmic  Hospital. 

Take  of  Corrosive  sublimate 1  grain. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Dissolve.  British  Skin  Hospital. 

Take  of  Corrosive  sublimate 4-  grain. 

Hydrocyanic  acid 8  minims. 

Glycerin 2  drachms. 

Water. to  1  ounce. 

Mix.  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital-. 

Take  of  Corrosive  sublimate 1  grain. 

Rose  water 2  ounces. 

Water 6  ounces. 

Mix.     Apply  every  three  hours.     In  purulent  ophthalmia  of  infants. 

J.  Lewis  Smith. 


212  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

MlXTUKES    OF    CORKOSIVE    SUBLIMATE. 

Take  of  Corrosive  sublimate T^  grain. 

Tincture  of  bark 60  minims. 

Tincture  of  rhubarb 30  minims. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Guy's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Corrosive  sublimate -fa  grain. 

Iodide  of  potassium 3  grains. 

Infusion  of  quassia ,.      1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Great  Northern  Hospital. 

Take  of  Corrosive  sublimate 2  grains. 

Iodide  of  potassium 2  drachms. 

Compound  tincture  of  cinchona 3  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm. 

Take  of  Corrosive  sublimate %  grain. 

Iodide  of  potassium 1  drachm. 

Citrate  of  iron  arid  ammonium 1  drachm. 

Syrup 6  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  three  times  a  day,  for  a  child  three  to  five  years 
old.     In  syphilis.  J.  Lewis  Smith. 

Take  of  Corrosive  sublimate 1  to  2  grains. 

Compound  syrup  of  sarsaparilla 2  ounces. 

Water 8  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  three  times  a  day.     In  syphilis  of  children. 

J.  Lewis  Smith. 


IIYDRARGYRI  CHLORIDUM  MITE  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— MILD 
CHLORIDE  OF  MERCURY— CALOMEL. 

Take  of  Mercury 48  ounces. 

Sulphuric  acid  (by  weight) 36  ounces. 

Chloride  of  sodium 18  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Boil  24  ounces  of  mercury  with  the  acid  until  a  dry,  white  mass  is  left. 
Rub  this,  when  cold,  with  the  remainder  of  the  mercury,  add  the  chloride 
of  sodium,  and  continue  to  triturate  until  the  globules  of  mercury  cease  to 
be  visible  ;  then  sublime  into  a  large  chamber  so  that  the  sublimate  may 
fall  in  powder.  Wash  the  sublimate  with  boiling  distilled  water  until  the 
washings  are  not  precipitated  by  water  of  ammonia,  and  dry  it. 

Calomel  is  a  heavy,  white  powder,  tasteless  and  insoluble.     It  is  one  of 


CALOMEL.  213 

the  mildest  and  least  irritating  preparations  of  mercury,  and  is  used  as  an 
alterative,  a  cathartic,  a  sedative,  etc.  Externally,  it  is  used  in  powder  and 
in  the  form  of  an  ointment  in  cutaneous  affections. 

Dose :  T^  to  1  grain  as  an  alterative ;  5  to  20  grains  as  a  purgative 
(20  to  60  grains  for  sedative  effect — Learning). 

PREPARATIONS. 

COMPOUND  CALOMEL  PILL  (Br.). 

Take  of  Calomel 1  ounce. 

Sulphurated  antimony 1  ounce. 

Guaiacum  resin 2  ounces. 

Castor  oil 1  ounce,  or  sufficient. 

Triturate  the  calomel  with  the  antimony,  then  add  the  guaiac,  and  with 
the  oil  form  a  pilular  mass. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 

Known  as  Plummer's  Pills.  Used  in  chronic  rheumatism  and  chronic 
cutaneous  affections,  especially  when  there  is  a  syphilitic  taint.  See  also 
Compound  Pills  of  Antimony. 

BLACK  MERCURIAL  LOTION  (Br.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Calomel , 30  grains. 

Solution  of  lime 10  ounces. 

Mix.  Generally  known  as  Black  Wash,  and  used  as  an  application  to 
syphilitic  ulcers. 

CALOMEL  OINTMENT  (Br.). 

Take  of  Calomel 80  grains. 

Prepared  lard 1  ounce. 

Mix. 

BARKER'S  POST-PARTUM  PILLS. 

Take  of  Calomel : 3  drachms. 

Compound  extract  of  colocynth 3  drachms. 

Extract  of  henbane 40  grains. 

Extract  of  nux  vomica 20  grains. 

Aloes 20  grains. 

Ipecac 20  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  120  pills. 

Dose :  1  or  2  pills  in  the  morning  before  breakfast,  as  a  laxative  for 
puerperal  women.  Hospital  Formulary. 

WHITE'S  GOUT  PILLS. 

Take  of  Calomel 60  grains. 

Aloes 60  grains. 

Ipecac \ 60  grains. 

Acetic  extract  of  colchicum 60  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  60  pills. 

Dose  :  1  or  2  pills.  Hospital  Formulary. 


214  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

PILLS  OF  CALOMEL  AND  COLOCYNTH. 

Take  of  Calomel 1  grain. 

Compound  extract  of  colocynth 4  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  King's  College  Hospital. 

Take  of  Calomel 1  grain. 

Extract  of  henbane 1  grain. 

Compound  extract  of  colocynth 3  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Ophthalmic  Hospital. 


PILLS  OF  CALOMEL  AND  OPIUM. 

Take  of  Calomel 2  grains. 

Extract  of  opium \  grain. 

Treacle sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Chest  Hospital. 


Take  of  Calomel 2  grains. 

Opium .' 1  grain. 

Confection  of  roses sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  Westminster  Ophthalmic  Hospital. 

Take  of  Calomel 1  grain. 

Dover's  powder 4  grains. 

Mucilage sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Ophthalmic  Hospital. 


PILLS  OF  CALOMEL  AND  SCAMMONY. 

Take  of  Calomel 1  grain. 

Scammony 3  grains. 

Treacle ,  . .      sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital. 


POWDERS  OF  CALOMEL  AND  JALAP. 

Take  of  Calomel 1  part. 

Jalap 2  parts. 

Mix.     Dose  :  15  grains.  St.  Mary's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Calomel 2  grains. 

Ginger 2  grains. 

Jalap 8  grains. 

Mix.  St.  Thomas's  Hospital. 


CYANIDE    OF    MERCURY BINIODIDE    OF    MERCURY.         215 

POWDERS  OF  CALOMEL  AND  TARTAR  EMETIC. 

Take  of  Calomel 2  grains. 

Tartar  emetic i  grain. 

Sugar • 3  grains. 

Mix.  Place  dry  on  the  back  of  the  tongue,  and  repeat  every  three  hours 
until  free  catharsis.  Useful  in  commencing  tonsillitis  to  abort  the  inflam- 
mation. Will  also  hasten  suppuration  when  too  far  advanced  to  be 
aborted.  J.  R.  Learning. 


HYDRARGYRI     CYANIDUM     (U.    S.,    Fr.)— CYANIDE    OF 

MERCURY 

Take  of  Ferrocyanide  of  potassium 5  ounces. 

Sulphuric  acid 4  ounces  and  120  grains. 

Red  oxide  of  mercury sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  ferrocyanide  in  20  ounces  of  water,  and  add  the  solution  to 
the  acid  previously  diluted  with  10  ounces  of  water,  and  contained  in  a 
glass  retort.  Distil  nearly  to  dryness  into  a  receiver  containing  10  ounces 
of  water  and  3  ounces  of  red  oxide  of  mercury.  Set  aside  2  ounces  of  the 
distillate,  and  to  the  remainder  add  sufficient  red  oxide  to  destroy  the  odor 
of  hydroc3ranic  acid,  filter,  add  the  reserved  liquid,  and  evaporate  in  a  dark 
place,  that  crystals  may  form.  Lastly,  dry  the  crystals  and  preserve  them 
in  a  well-stopped  bottle,  protected  from  the  light. 

It  is  in  colorless  crystals,  of  a  bitter,  metallic  taste>  soluble  in  water, 
blackened  by  exposure  to  light,  and  very  poisonous.  Occasionally  used  in 
syphilis  and  skin  diseases. 

Dose  :  y1^-  to  ^  grain. 


HYDRARGYRI  IODIDUM  RUBRUM   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— RED 
IODIDE   OF   MERCURY— BINIODIDE   OF  MERCURY. 

Take  of  Corrosive  chloride  of  mercury 1.  ounce. 

Iodide  of  potassium 600  grains. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  corrosive  chloride  in  1£  pint,  and  the  iodide  in  \  pint  of 
distilled  water,  and  mix  the  solutions.  Collect,  wash,  and  dry  the  precipi- 
tate. 

It  is  a  powder  of  a  brilliant  scarlet  color,  sparingly  soluble  in  water,  but 
freely  soluble  in  solutions  of  iodide  of  potassium,  chloride  of  sodium,  etc. 

Used  both  externally  and  internally  in  syphilis. 

Dose  ^g-  to  £  grain. 


216  MEDICAL  FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Unguentum  Hydrargyri  lodidi  Rubri  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Ointment  of  Ked 

Iodide  of  Mercury. 

Take  of  Bed  iodide  of  mercury 60  grains. 

Ointment 420  grains. 

Mix  thoroughly. 

Used  as  a  dressing  for  obstinate  venereal  ulcers. 

MIXTURES  OF  KED  IODIDE  OF  MERCURY. 

Take  of  Ked  iodide  of  mercury -fa  grain. 

Iodide  of  potassium 5  grains. 

Decoction  of  yellow  bark 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Westminster  Hospital. 

Take  of  Red  iodide  of  mercury. J  grain. 

Iodide  of  potassium '^  grain. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  British  Skin  Hospital. 

Take  of  Red  iodide  of  mercury |  grain. 

Iodide  of  potassium 2  drachms. 

Syrup  of  orange  peel 1  ounce. 

Tincture  of  orange  peel 1  drachm. 

Water to  4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  after  eating.     Used  in  syphilis. 

E.  L.  Keyes. 

PILLS  OF  RED  IODIDE  OF  MERCURY. 

Take  of  Red  iodide  of  mercury 3  grains. 

Iodide  of  potassium 150  grains. 

Gum  tragacanth sufficient. 

Glycerin sufficient. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  50  pills. 

Dose  :     1  pill.     In  syphilis.  E.  L.  Keyes. 


HYDRARGYRI  IODIDUM  YIRIDE  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— GREEN 
IODIDE   OF  MERCURY— PKOTIODIDE  OF  MERCURY. 

Take  of  Mercury 1  ounce. 

Iodine 300  grains. 

Stronger  alcohol sufficient. 

Triturate  the  mercury  and  iodine  with  J  ounce  of  the  alcohol  until 
thoroughly  mixed.  Stir  occasionally,  and  after  two  hours  triturate  again 
until  nearly  dry.  Then  rub  with  stronger  alcohol  into  a  thin  paste,  trans- 
fer to  a  filter,  and  wash  with  stronger  alcohol  until  the  washings  cease 


NITRATE    OF   MERCURY.  217 

to  produce  permanent  cloudiness  when  dropped  into  a  large  quantity  of 
water.  Lastly,  dry  in  a  dark  place,  and  keep  in  a  well-stopped  bottle,  pro- 
tected from  light. 

It  is  a  greenish-yellow  powder,  almost  insoluble  in  water  and  entirely 
so  in  alcohol  and  ether.  Extensively  employed  in  syphilis. 

Dose  :  J  to  3  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

PILLS  OF  PROTIODIDE  OF  MERCURY  AND  OPIUM  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Protiodide  of  mercury 5  parts. 

Extract  of  opium 2  parts. 

Confection  of  rose 10  parts. 

Powdered  liquorice  root sufficient. 

Mix  the  extract  of  opium  and  confection  of  rose,  add  the  protiodide, 
and  sufficient  liquorice  root  to  make  a  mass.  Divide  into  pills  of  3  grains 
each. 

Dose :  1  pilL 

An  excellent  preparation  in  secondary  syphilis.  The  small  quantity  of 
opium  used  is  generally  sufficient  to  prevent  gastro-intestinal  irritation. 

Take  of  Protiodide  of  mercury -J  grain. 

Powdered  opium J  grain. 

Extract  of  gentian 2  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  British  Skin  Hospital. 

PILLS  OF  PROTIODIDE  OF  MERCURY  AND  HENBANE. 

Take  qf  Protiodide  of  mercury 5  grains. 

Extract  of  henbane 20  grains. 

Powdered  liquorice  root sufficient. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  20  pills. 
Dose  :  1  or  2  pills. 


HYDRARGYRI  NITRAS  (Fr.)— NITRATE  OF  MERCURY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Liquor   Hydrargyri   Nitratis   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Solution  of  Nitrate 

of  Mercury. 

Take  of  Mercury 3  ounces. 

Nitric  acid  (by  weight) 5  ounces. 

Distilled  water 6  drachms. 

Dissolve  the  mercury,  with  the  aid  of  a  gentle  heat,  in  the  acid  pre- 
viously mixed  with  the  water.     When  reddish  vapors  cease  to  arise,  evapo- 


218  MEDICAL    FOKMULARY. 

rate  to  7£  ounces,  by  weight,  and  keep  in  a  well-stopped  bottle.     It  may 
also  be  prepared  thus  : 

Take  of  Bed  oxide  of  mercury 26  drachms. 

Nitric  acid  (by  weight) 29  drachms. 

Distilled  water G  drachms. 

Mix  the  acid  and  water,  dissolve  the  oxide  in  the  mixture,  and  evapo- 
rate to  7£  ounces,  by  weight. 

It  is  a  transparent,  nearly  colorless  liquid,  having  the  sp.  gr.  2,165,  and 
possessing  caustic  properties.  Used  as  a  caustic,  and,  properly  diluted,  as 
a  stimulating  lotion  for  indolent  ulcers,  etc. 

Unguentum  Hydrargyri  Nitratis  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Ointment  of  Ni- 
trate of  Mercury — Citrine  Ointment. 

Take  of  Mercury 1  £  ounce. 

Nitric  acid  (by  weight) 3^-  ounces. 

Lard 16^  ounces. 

Dissolve  the  mercury  in  the  acid,  add  the  solution  to  the  lard,  heated 
to  200°,  stir  constantly  with  a  wooden  spatula  so  long  as  effervescence  con- 
tinues, then  occasionally  until  it  cools. 

OINTMENT  OF  NITRATE  OF  MERCURY  WITH  ZINC. 

Take  of  Ointment  of  nitrate  of  mercury 2  drachms. 

Ointment  of  oxide  of  zinc 2  ounces. 

Mix.  Apply  to  the  nostrils  by  means  of  a  nasal  sponge  three  times  a 
day.  In  syphilitic  coryza  of  infants.  J.  Lewis  Smith. 


HYDRARGYRI   OXIDUM   FLAYUM   (U.  S.,  Br.)— YELLOW 
OXIDE  OF  MERCURY. 

Take  of  Corrosive  chloride  of  mercury 4  ounces. 

Solution  of  potassa  (by  weight) 17  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  chloride  in  5  pints  of  distilled  water,  and  mix  with  the 
solution  of  potassa.  Allow  it  to  settle,  then  decant,  wash  the  precipitate 
with  distilled  water  until  the  washings  cease  to  be  affected  by  a  solution  of 
nitrate  of  silver,  dry  it  on  bibulous  paper,  in  the  dark,  and  preserve  in 
bottles  protected  from  light. 

It  is  a  heavy,  yellowish  powder,  which  becomes  darker  by  exposure  to 
light.  Used  externally  in  skin  diseases,  syphilitic  ulcers,  etc. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Unguentum  Hydrargyri  Oxidi  Flavi  (U.  S.) — Ointment  of  Yellow 

Oxide  of  Mercury. 

Take  of  Yellow  oxide  of  mercury 1  drachm. 

Ointment 7  drachms. 

Mix  thoroughly. 


RED    PRECIPITATE — TURPETH    MINERAL.  219 

OLEATE  OF  MERCURY. 

Take  of  Yellow  oxide  of  mercury 10  parts. 

Purified  oleic  acid 90  parts. 

Add  the  oxide  gradually  to  the  acid,  and  triturate  frequently  until  dis- 
solved. Eeport  of  Am.  Ph.  Ass'n. 


HYDRARGYRI   OXIDUM  RUBRUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— RED 
OXIDE  OF  MERC  UR Y— RED  PRECIPITATE. 

Take  of  Mercury 36  ounces. 

Nitric  acid  (by  weight) 24  ounces. 

Water 2  pints. 

Dissolve  the  mercury  with  the  aid  of  a  gentle  heat,  in  the  acid  and 
water  previously  mixed,  evaporate  to  dryness,  rub  into  powder,  and  heat 
in  a  very  shallow  vessel  until  red  vapors  cease  to  arise. 

It  is  in  bright,  shining,  red  scales,  which  by  trituration  yield  an  orange- 
red  powder.  Used  chiefly  as  a  topical  application  in  skin  diseases,  syphi- 
litic ulcers,  etc.  Occasionally  employed  internally. 

Dose  :  T1^-  to  J  grain. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Unguentum  Hydrargyri  Oxidi   Rubri  (U.  S.  et  aL  Ph.)— Ointment 
of  Red  Oxide  of  Mercury — Ointment  of  Red  Precipitate. 

Take  of  Red  oxide  of  mercury 1  drachm. 

Ointment 7  drachms. 

Mix  thoroughly. 

EYE  OINTMENTS. 

Xo.  1,  Red  oxide  of  mercury,  1  part  to  lard 7  parts. 

No.  2,  Red  oxide  of  mercury,  1  part  to  lard 16  parts. 

No.  3,  Red  oxide  of  mercury,  1  part  to  lard 60  parts. 

University  College  Hospital. 


HYDRARGYRI  SULPHAS    FLAY  A— (U.  S.,  Fr.)— YELLOW 
SULPHATE  OF  MERCURY— TURPETH  MINERAL. 

Take  of  Mercury 4  ounces. 

Sulphuric  acid  (by  weight) 6  ounces. 

Mix,  and  boil  until  a  dry,  white  mass  remains.  Rub  this  to  powder, 
throw  it  into  boiling  water,  decant,  wash  the  precipitate  repeatedly  with  hot 
water,  and  dry  it. 

Turpeth  mineral  is  a  heavy,  bright  yellow  powder,  of  an  acrid  taste,  and 
sparingly  soluble  in  water.  It  is  powerfully  irritant  and  corrosive,  but  is  oc- 


220  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

casionally  employed  as  an  alterative,  and  as  an  emetic,  especially  in  croup. 
Its  action  as  an  emetic  is,  however,  so  extremely  violent  that  most  physi- 
cians discard  it. 

Dose  :  ^  to  -J  grain,  alterative  ;  2  to  5  grains,  emetic. 


HYDRARGYRI  SULPHURETUM  RUBRUM  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— 
RED  SULPIIURET   OF  MERCURY— YERMILION. 

Take  of  Mercury 40  ounces. 

Sublimed  sulphur 8  ounces. 

To  the  sulphur,  previously  melted,  gradually  add  the  mercury,  with 
constant  stirring,  and  continue  the  heat  until  the  mass  begins  to  swell. 
Remove  from  the  fire,  cool,  powder,  and  sublime. 

It  is  a  bright  scarlet  powder,  tasteless,  and  insoluble.  Seldom  used  ex- 
cept as  a  fumigation. 


HYDRASTIS  (U.  S.)— HYDRAS TIS. 

The  rhizome  and  rootlets  of  Hydrastis  Canadensis,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Ranun- 
culacece)  a  small,  herbaceous  perennial,  indigenous  to  North  America. 

Hydrastis  has  an  intensely  bitter  taste,  and  possesses  tonic  and  diuretic 
properties.  Its  medicinal  effects  are  due  to  berberina,  and  a  peculiar  alka- 
loid termed  hydrastia.  It  is  used  in  atonic  dyspepsia,  intermittent  fever, 
and  catarrhal  affections,  especially  those  of  the  genito-urinary  tract,  etc. 

Dose  :  £  to  2  drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  Hydrastis  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Hydrastis. 

Take  of  Hydrastis 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 2  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  the  glycerin  with  14  ounces  of  alcohol,  moisten  the  hydrastis  with 
4  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general  formula,  page 
161.  Finish  the  percolation  with  a  menstruum  of  2  parts  of  alcohol  and 
1  part  of  water. 

Dose  :  \  to  2  drachms. 

TINCTURE  or  HYDKASTIS. 

Take  of  Hydrastis 1  part. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate to  5  parts. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms.         J.  P.  Remington,  Report  of  Am.  Ph.  Ass'n. 


HYDRASTIS.  221 

LOTION  OF  HYDRASTIS. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  hydrastis 1  to  2  drachms. 

Water 1  pint. 

Mix.  Used  as  an  application  to  ulcers,  haemorrhoids,  sore  nipples,  etc., 
and  as  an  injection  in  gonorrhoea.  Phillips. 

HYDRASTIA — HYDRASTINE,  WHITE  ALKALOID. 

To  the  mother  liquor  from  which  sulphate  of  berberine  has  been  crys- 
tallized, add  an  equal  bulk  of  water,  and  evaporate  the  alcohol.  Permit 
the  residuum  to  cool  and  stand  twenty-four  hours.  Filter  ;  add  to  the  fil- 
trate ammonia  water  until  in  excess.  Wash  the  precipitate  with  water, 
dissolve  in  cold  water  acidulated  with  hydrochloric  acid,  and  precipitate 
this  with  ammonia  water.  Collect,  wash,  and  dry  the  precipitate.  Purify 
by  repeated  solutions  in  boiling  alcohol,  and  crystallization. 

It  is  in  white  crystals  resembling  strychnine,  tasteless  at  first,  but  even- 
tually imparting  an  acrid  sensation  to  the  throat  and  fauces  ;  not  bitter,  as 
some  authorities  state  it  to  be.  Forms  soluble  salts  which  are,  as  a  rule, 
uncrystallizable  and  are  acrid  to  the  taste. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  grains.  J.  V.  Lloyd. 

This,  the  true  hydrastia,  should  be  carefully  distinguished  from  the  fol- 
lowing, which  is  erroneously  so  called. 

HYDROCHLORATE  OF  BERBERINE — HYDROCHLORATE  OF  HYDRASTINE — MURIATE  OF 
HYDRASTINE — HYDRASTINE. 

Take  of  Hydrastis 16  parts. 

Alcohol  (sp.  gr.  0.835) sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  until  16  parts  of  tincture  are  obtained,  or 
the  hydrastis  is  exhausted.  To  this,  add  4  parts  of  distilled  water,  and 
evaporate  the  alcohol.  Mix  12  parts  of  cold  distilled  water  with  the  residue, 
and  allow  the  mixture  to  stand  in  a  cool  place  for  twenty-four  hours,  then 
filter  it.  Add  to  the  filtrate  hydrochloric  acid  until  it  ceases  to  produce  a 
precipitate.  Collect  the  precipitate,  and  purify  it  by  solution  in  boiling 
water,  and  crystallization.  Dry  by  exposure  to  the  air. 

It  is  of  a  lemon-yellow  color,  soluble  in  about  500  parts  of  cold  water 
almost  insoluble  in  cold  alcohol,  insoluble  in  ether  and  in  chloroform. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  grains.  J-  U.  Lloyd. 

This  is  the  article  originally  employed  by  the  eclectics  under  the  name 
hydrastine.  The  term  hydrastine  alkaloid  is  applied  to  the  yellow  alkaloid 
of  hydrastis,  berberine. 

It  may  be  substituted  for  quinia  in  cases  of  debility,  in  convalescence 
from  acute  diseases,  and  in  various  cachexise,  especially  the  paludal.  "  As 
a  remedy  for  intermittents,  it  ranks  next  to  quinia." — (Bartholow.) 


222  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

INJECTION  OF  HYDRASTINE. 

Take  of  Hydrastia  (hydrochlorate  of  berberine) 1  drachin. 

Mucilage  of  gum  arable 4  ounces. 

Use  in  gonorrhoea  after  the  acute  symptoms  have  subsided,  and  in  gleet. 

Bartholow. 

POWDEK  OF  HYDRASTINE. 

Take  of  hydrastine  (hydrochlorate  of  berberine) ......     $  drachm. 

Camphor t . .    10  grains. 

Subnitrate  of  bismuth 1 J  drachm. 

Sugar to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     For  insufflation  into  the  larynx  or  nares.  G.  M.  Lefferts. 

Take  of  Hydrastis  Canadensis 5  grains. 

Indigo t £  grain. 

Camphor 2  grains. 

Carbolic  acid 2  grains. 

Chloride  of  sodium 1  drachm. 

Mix.     "Catarrh  snuff."  O.  M.  Lefferts. 

SULPHATE  OF  BERBERINE — SULPHATE  OF  HYDRASTINE. 

To  the  alcoholic  percolate,  as  obtained  in  the  preceding  process,  add  a 
considerable  excess  of  sulphuric  acid.  After  twenty-four  hours,  collect  the 
crystalline  precipitate,  and  purify  it  by  dissolving  in  the  minimum  amount 
of  boiling  water,  and  crystallizing.  If  it  is  not  free  from  sulphuric  acid  it 
will  not  dry.  In  this  case,  repeat  the  operation  of  dissolving  in  boiling 
water  and  cooling.  Dry  the  salt  by  exposure  to  the  air. 

It  is  in  orange-yellow,  crystalline  tufts,  quite  soluble  in  cold  water,  and 
very  soluble  in  boiling  water. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  grains.  J.  U.  Lloyd. 


HYOSCYAMUS— HENBANE. 
HYOSOYAMI   FOLIA    (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— HYOSCYAMUS 

LEAVES. 

HYOSCYAMI    SEMEN  (U.   S.   et  al.  Ph.)—  HYOSCYAMUS 

SEED. 

The  leaves  and  seeds  of  Hyoscyamus  niger,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Solanacece),  an 
annual  or  biennial  herb,  indigenous  to  the  Old  World,  but  naturalized  in 
this  country. 

The  fresh  plant  has  a  strong,  offensive  odor,  and  a  disagreeable,  slightly 
acrid  taste.  The  seeds  have  something  of  the  odor  of  the  plant,  and  a  bit- 


HENBANE HYOSCYAMU3    LEAVES    AND    SEED.  223 

ter  taste.  The  activity  of  henbane  is  due  to  an  alkaloid  termed  hyos- 
cyamia. 

Henbane  affects  the  system  much  like  belladonna.  It  is  a  narcotic  and 
anodyne^  less  powerful  than  opium,  but  producing  its  effects  without  con- 
stipating the  bowels.  It  is  used  as  an  anodyne  and  hypnotic  in  a  great 
variety  of  nervous  and  painful  affections. 

Dose  :  of  the  leaves,  5  to  10  grains  ;  of  the  seeds,  3  to  8  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  Hyoscyami  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Extract  of  Hyoscyamus. 

Take  of  hyoscyamus  leaves,  fresh 12  ounces. 

Bruise  in  a  mortar,  sprinkling  with  a  little  water,  express  the  juice,  heat 
to  212°,  strain,  and  evaporate  to  a  proper  consistence. 

Dose  :  2  to  3  grains. 

This  is  an  unreliable  preparation.     The  one  following  is  much  better. 

Extractum  Hyoscyami  Alcoholicum  (U.  S.,  Fr.)— Alcoholic  Extract 

of  Hyoscyamus. 

Take  of  Hyoscyamus  leaves,  recently  dried 24  ounces. 

Alcohol 4  pints. 

Water 2  pints. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Mix  the  alcohol  and  water,  percolate  the  powder  with  the  mixture,  con- 
tinuing the  process  with  diluted  alcohol  until  6  pints  are  obtained,  then 
evaporate  on  a  water-bath  to  a  proper  consistence. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  grains. 

Extractum  Hyoscyami  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Hyoscy- 
amus. 

Take  of  Hyoscyamus  leaves 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Alcohol sufficient 

Mix  12  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  1  of  water,  moisten  the 
hyoscyamus  with  4-  pint  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the 
general  formula,  page  161. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  minims. 

Tinctura  Hyoscyami  (U.  S.,  Fr.)— Tincture  of  Hyoscyamus. 

Take  of  Hyoscyamus  leaves 4  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  15  to  60  minims. 


224  MEDICAL    FORMULAE Y. 

EXTRACT  OF  HYOSCYAMUS  SEED  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Hyoscyamus  seed,  in  powder 1  part. 

Diluted  alcohol 6  parts. 

Macerate,  express,  filter,  then  evaporate  to  dryness  on  a  water-bath. 
Dissolve  the  product  in  four  times  its  weight  of  cold  distilled  water,  filter, 
and  evaporate  to  a  solid  extract. 

Dose :  £  to  1  grain. 

JUICE  OF  HYOSCYAMUS  (Br.). 

Take  of  Fresh  leaves  and  young  branches  of  hyoscyamus,     at  will. 

Kectified  spirit sufficient. 

Bruise  the  hyoscyamus,  press  out  the  juice,  and  to  every  3  measures  of 
juice,  add  1  of  spirit.     After  seven  days,  filter. 
Dose  :  £  to  1  drachm. 

INFUSED  OIL  OF  HYOSCYAMUS  (Ger.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Hyoscyamus  leaves 2  parts. 

Alcohol 1  part. 

Olive  oil 20  parts. 

Macerate  the  hyoscyamus  in  the  alcohol  for  several  hours,  add  the  oil, 
digest  until  the  alcohol  is  evaporated,  express,  and  filter. 

Used  as  an  embrocation. 

The  French  Codex  directs  1  part  of  fresh  leaves  to  be  boiled  in  2  parts 
of  olive  oil  until  the  water  of  the  plant  is  evaporated. 

OINTMENT  OF  HYOSCYAMUS  (Ger.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Extract  of  hyoscyamus 1  part. 

Wax  ointment 9  parts. 

Mix. 

COMPOUND  PILLS  OF  HYOSCYAMUS  AND  VALERIAN  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Alcoholic  extract  of  hyoscyamus 1  part. 

Alcoholic  extract  of  valerian 1  part. 

Oxide  of  zinc 1  part. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  pills  of  2£  grains  each. 

HYOSCYAMUS  PLASTER  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Yellow  wax 4  parts. 

Turpentine 1  part. 

Olive  oil 1  part. 

Hyoscyamus  leaves,  powdered 2  parts. 

Melt  together  the  wax,  turpentine,  and  oil,  and  when  partially  cool,  stir 
in  the  hyoscyamus. 


BARLEY.  225 

INHALATION  OF  HYOSCTAMUS. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  hyoscyamus 3  to  10  minims. 

Distilled  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Used  by  inhalation,  in  spasmodic  croup.  Da  Costa. 

Take  of  Extract  of  hyoscyamus 5  to  10  grains. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Used  by  means  of  an  atomizer  in  conjunction  with  stimulating 
inhalations,  when  the  latter  are  attended  with  pain  or  irritation. 

F.  H.  Bosworth. 


PELLS  OF  HYOSCYAMUS  AND  CAMPHOR. 

Take  of  Extract  of  henbane 2;^  grains. 

Camphor ; 2^-  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  Great  Northern  Hospital. 

PILL  OF  HYOSCYAMUS  AND  DOVER'S  POWDER, 

Take  of  Extract  of  henbane 2  grains. 

Dover's  powders 2  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  >SY.  ThomaJ  Hospital. 

PILL  OF  HYOSCYAMUS,  SQUILL  AND  IPECAC. 

Take  of  Extract  of  henbane 2  grains. 

Compound  squill  pill 2  grains. 

Ipecac %  grain. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Hospital. 

PILLS  OF  HYOSCYAMUS  AND  IRON. 

Take  of  Extract  of  hyoscyamus |-  drachm. 

Valerianate  of  iron 1  drachm. 

Mix,  and  divide  in  40  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  thrice  daily,  in  chorea.  Reveil. 


HORDEUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— BARLEY. 

The  seed,  deprived  of  their  husks,  of  Hordeum  distichon,  L.  (Nat.  ord.y 
Grammes),  common  barley,  which  is  supposed  to  have  been  derived 
originally  from  Tartary,  but  is  now  cultivated  in  most  countries. 

It  is  used  in  medicine,  both  as  a  demulcent  and  as  a  nutritive  food  of 
easy  digestion. 
15 


226  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Decoctum  Hordei  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Decoction  of  Barley. 

Take  of  Barley 2  ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Wash  the  barley,  boil  it  with  ^  pint  of  water  for  five  minutes,  pour 
off  the  water,  and  throw  it  away.  Then  pour  on  4  pints  of  water,  boil 
down  to  2  pints,  and  strain. 


IOHTHYOCOLLA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— ISINGLASS. 

A  gelatin  prepared  from  the  swimming  bladders  of  the  sturgeon  (Aci- 
penser  huso,  L.),  and  of  other  fishes. 

It  is  emollient  and  nutritive,  and  is  a  useful  addition  to  certain  liquid 
foods  for  the  sick.  It  forms  the  basis  of  court-plaster. 


IGNATIA  (U.  S.,  Fr.)— 1GJSTATIA. 

The  seed  of  Strychnos  Ignatia,  Lindley  (Nat.  ord.,  Loganiacece),  a  large 
climbing  vine  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  of  Cochin  China  where  it 
has  been  introduced.  It  contains  a  large  percentage  of  strychnia,  and 
produces  nearly  the  same  medicinal  effects  as  nux  vomica. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  Ignatiae  (U.  S.)— Extract  of  Ignatia. 

Take  of  Ignatia,  powdered 12  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Obtain  3  pints  of  tincture  by  maceration  and  percolation.  Distil  off 
the  alcohol  until  the  tincture  is  reduced  to  £  pint,  then  evaporate  to  a 
proper  consistence. 

Dose  :  $  to  1£  grain. 

ALKALINE  TINCTURE  OF  IGNATIA  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Ignatia,  powdered 500  parts. 

Carbonate  of  potassium 5  parts. 

Soot 1  part. 

Alcohol,  60^ 1000  parts. 

Macerate  ten  days,  express  and  filter. 
Dose  :  2  to  6  minims. 

A  tincture  of  ignatia  may  be  made  by  macerating  1  part  of  the  powdered 
seed  in  5  parts  of  diluted  alcohol,  for  two  weeks. 


STAB    ANISE ELECAMPAJm  227 

ILLICIUM  (Fr.)— STAK  AOTSE. 

The  fruit  of  Dlicium  anisatum,  Loureiro  \Nat.  ord.,  Magnoliacece),  a  small 
tree  indigenous  to  Southwestern  China,  but  early  introduced  into  Japan, 
and  planted  near  the  Buddhist  temples. 

Though  so  widely  differing,  botanically,  from  the  officinal  anise,  its 
properties  are  very  similar.  It  is  anodyne,  stimulant,  and  carminative, 
and  may  be  used  with  benefit  in  flatulent  colic,  indigestion,  etc. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

STAR  ANISE  WATER  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Anise 1  part 

Water sufficient 

Macerate  two  hours,  and  distil  4  parts. 
Used  as  a  vehicle. 

SPIRIT  OF  STAR  ANISE  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Star  anise 1  part. 

Alcohol  (80#) 8  parts. 

Macerate  two  days,  and  distil  off  the  alcohol. 
Dose  :      to  1  drachm. 


INCTLA   (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— ELECAMPANE. 

The  root  of  Inula  Helenium,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Composites),  a  stout  perennial, 
three  to  five  feet  high,  introduced  into  this  country  from  Europe,  where  it 
is  indigenous.  It  is  tonic,  diuretic,  diaphoretic,  and  expectorant,  and  has 
been  used  from  remote  antiquity  in  catarrhal  affections  of  the  mucous  mem- 
branes. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

EXTRACT  OF  ELECAMPANE  (Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Elecampane  root 1  part. 

Cold  distilled  water sufficient 

Exhaust  the  elecampane  by  maceration  and  percolation,  heat  the  infu- 
sion to  the  boiling  point,  strain,  and  evaporate. 
Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 
The  German  preparation  is  an  alcoholic  extract 


228  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

TINCTURE  OF  ELECAMPANE  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Elecampane  root 1  part. 

Alcohol  (60$) 6  parts. 

Macerate  ten  days,  express  and  filter. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  draclims. 


IODINIUM   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— IODINE. 

A  metalloid  obtained  from  the  ashes  of  sea- weed.  It  is  found  also  iu 
many  marine  animals,  but  not  in  sufficient  quantities  to  make  its  extrac- 
tion from  them  practicable.  It  is  in  crystalline  scales,  of  a  bluish  black 
color,  a  metallic  lustre,  and  has  a  hot,  acrid  taste.  It  is  very  volatile, 
slightly  soluble  in  water,  but  freely  so  in  alcohol,  ether,  and  glycerin. 

Iodine  is  a  most  valuable-  alterative  and  resolvent.  It  stimulates  the 
absorbent  and  glandular  systems  to  a  remarkable  degree,  and  is  of  great 
value  in  scrofulous  and  syphilitic  affections.  It  is  applied  topically  to 
glandular  swellings,  rheumatic  and  gouty  joints,  to  the  chest  in  phthisis, 
pleurisy,  etc. 

It  is  seldom,  if  ever,  administered  in  substance. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Liquor  lodinii  Compositus  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Compound  Solution  of  Iodine. 

Take  of  Iodine 360  grains. 

Iodide  of  potassium 1£  ounce. 

Distilled  water 1  pint. 

Dissolve. 

Dose  :  2  to  £  minims. 

Tinctura  lodinii  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— Tincture  of  Iodine. 

Take  of  Iodine 1  ounce. 

Alcohol 1  pint. 

Dissolve. 

Dose  :  1  to  10  minims.     Chiefly  used  externally. 

The  French   Codex  and  German  Pharmacopoeia  direct  1  part  to  12, 
and  1  to  10,  respectively. 

Tinctura  lodinii  Composita  (U.  S.) — Compound  Tincture  of  Iodine. 

Take  of  Iodine $  ounce. 

Iodide  of  potassium 1  ounce. 

Alcohol 1  pint. 

Dissolve. 

Dose  :  5  to  15  minims.     Tincture  of  Iodine,  Br. 


IODINE.  229 

Unguentum  lodinii  (U.  S.) — Iodine  Ointment 

Take  of  Iodine 20  grains. 

Iodide  of  potassium. 4  grains. 

Water 6  minims. 

Lard 1  ounce. 

Rub  the  powders  first  with  the  water,  then  with  the  lard. 

Unguentum  lodinii  Compositum  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Compound  Iodine 

Ointment. 

Take  of  Iodine 15  grains. 

Iodide  of  potassium 30  grains. 

Water 30  minims. 

Lard 1  ounce. 

Eub  the  powders  first  with  the  water,  then  with  the  lard. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs :  16  grains  each  of  iodine  and  iodide 
of  potassium,  ^  drachm  of  proof  spirit,  and  1  ounce  of  lard,  and  terms  the 
preparation  Ointment  of  Iodine.  The  French  Codex  directs  the  propor- 
tion of  1,  5,  and  40,  with  sufficient  water  to  dissolve  the  iodide. 

COLORLESS  TINCTURE  OF  IODINE  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Iodine 10  parts. 

Hyposulphite  of  sodium 10  parts. 

Water ' 10  parts. 

Spirit  of  ammonia 16  parts. 

Alcohol 75  parts. 

Digest  the  iodine  and  hyposulphite  in  the  water  until  dissolved,  then 
add  the  spirit  of  ammonia,  and  lastly,  the  alcohol  After  three  days,  filter. 

Used  externally  as  a  counter-irritant  in  cases  where  the  color  of  the 
ordinary  tincture  is  objectionable. 

LINIMENT  OF  IODINE  (Br.). 

Take  of  Iodine 1£  ounce. 

Iodide  of  potassium ^  ounce. 

Camphor J  ounce. 

Rectified  spirit 10  ounces. 

Dissolve. 

INHALATION  OF  IODINE  (Br.). 

Take  of  Tincture  of  iodine 1  drachm. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix  in  a  suitable  apparatus,  and,  having  applied  a  gentle  heat,  let  the 
vapor  that  arises  be  inhaled. 

» 

Take  of  Tincture  of  iodine 2  to  10  minims. 

Iodide  of  potassium 3  to  20  grains. 

Water to    1  ounce. 

Stimulant  application  to  the  throat.  Used  by  means  of  a  spray  ap- 
paratus. G.  M. 


230  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

CHUKCHILL'S  TINCTUEE  OF   IODINE. 

Take  of  Iodine 2£  ounces. 

Iodide  of  potassium ^  ounce. 

Alcohol  (75$) 16  ounces. 

Mix. 

CHURCHILL'S  IODINE  CAUSTIC. 

Take  of  Iodine 1  drachm. 

Iodide  of  potassium 2  drachms. 

Water .....  4-  ounce. 


Mix. 


GARGLES  OF  IODINE. 


Take  of  Tincture  of  Iodine 2  drachms. 

Water  sufficient to  5  ounces. 

Mix.  St.  Thomas's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  iodine ^  drachm. 

Tincture  of  bark 1^  drachm. 

Water 4  ounces. 

Mix.  St.  Mary's  Hospital. 

HYPODERMIC  INJECTION  OF  IODINE. 

Take  of  Iodine 40  grains. 

Absolute  alcohol 1  ounce. 

Dose  :  10  to  15  minims.  London  Throat  Hospital. 

LINIMENTS  OF  IODINE  AND  BELLADONNA. 

Take  of  Compound  solution  of  iodine 1  ounce. 

Tincture  of  belladonna 1  ounce. 

Soap  liniment 6  ounces. 

Mix. 

Take  of  Compound  solution  of  iodine 1  ounce. 

Tincture  of  belladonna 1  ounce. 

Oil  of  cajuput 1  drachm. 

Soap  liniment 6  ounces. 

Mix. 

This  and  the  preceding  are  used  in  cases  of  interstitial  effusion,  as  in 
synovitis,  the  inflammation  having  been  subdued,  and  where  little  torpidity 
exists.  * Hospital  for  Ruptured  and  Crippled. 

Take  of  Compound  solution  of  iodine 1  part. 

Glycerin 1  part. 

Mix.     Apply  by  inunction.     In  strumous  adenitis.       J.  Lewis  Smith. 


10DOFORM.  231 

MIXTURES  OF  IODINE. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  iodine. 3  minims. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Women's  Hospital,  London. 

Take  of  Iodine ^  grain. 

Iodide  of  potassium 3  grains.' 

Compound  tincture  of  lavender 30  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Guy's  Hospital. 

COMPOUND  IODINE  PLASTER. 

Take  of  Iodine 2  drachms. 

Iodide  of  potassium 3  drachms. 

Lead  plaster 16  ounces. 

Opium  plaster 6  ounces. 

Mix.  St.  George's  Hospital. 

SOLUTIONS  OF  IODINE  FOR  THE  THROAT. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  iodine 3  to  12  minims. 

Iodide  of  potassium 5  to  20  grains. 

Glycerin %  ounce. 

Water |  ounce. 

Mix.     Stimulant  application  to  the  throat.     Applied  with  the  laryngeal 
brush.  G.  M.  Lefferts. 

Take  of  Iodine 15  grains. 

Oil  of  sweet  almonds 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Used  in  the  same  manner  as  the  preceding.         G.  M.  Lefferts. 


IODOFOKMUM  (U.  S.,  Ger.)— IODOFOEM. 

lodoform  is  produced  by  the  action  of  iodine  upon  alcohol  in  the  pres- 
ence of  an  alkali.  It  occurs  in  small,  yellow  crystals,  having  a  peculiar, 
penetrating  odor,  and  a  sweet  taste.  It  is  insoluble  in  water,  but  soluble 
in  ether,  chloroform,  alcohol,  and  oils. 

It  is  stimulant,  alterative,  anaesthetic,  and,  in  overdoses,  poisonous.  It 
is  used  internally  in  syphilis,  gastralgia,  neuralgia,  gastric  ulcer,  etc.  Ex- 
ternally it  is  applied  to  a  great  variety  of  ulcers  and  sores,  frequently  re- 
lieving pain  and  promoting  the  healing  process. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  grains. 


232  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

OINTMENT  OF  IODOFOKM. 

Take  of  lodoform 1  part. 

Balsam  of  Peru 5  parts. 

Cosmoline 14  parts. 

Mix.     A  stimulating  application  to  foul  or  indolent  ulcerations. 

G.  H.  Fox. 

Take  of  lodoform 1  drachm. 

Cerate 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Apply  twice  a  week  ;  also  daily  to  the  abdominal  wall.     For 
peri-  and  para-metritis.  E.  Tauszky. 

PILLS  OF  IODOFORM. 

Take  of  lodoform 2  grains. 

Sugar  of  milk 1  grain. 

Glycerin  of  tragacanth sufficient. 

Triturate  the  iodoform  with  the  sugar  to  a  fine  powder,  then  with  gly- 
cerin of  tragacanth  make  1  pill. 

Dose  :  1  pill  two  or  three  times  a  day.  London  Throat  Hospital. 

Take  of  lodoform 20  grains. 

Corrosive  sublimate 1  grain. 

Keduced  iron 20  grains. 

Mix,  and  make  20  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  three  times  a  day.     In  constitutional  syphilis. 

Bartholow. 

Take  of  lodoform 20  grains. 

Extract  of  gentian sufficient. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  20  pills. 
Dose  :  1  pill  three  times  a  day. 

POWDER  OF  IODOFORM  AND  CAMPHOR. 

Take  of  lodoform 1  to  4  drachms. 

Powdered  camphor 20  grains. 

Powdered  gum  arabic to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     Used  by  insufflation  into  the  larynx  or  nares. 

O.  M.  Lefferts. 

POWDER  OF  IODOFORM  AND  TANNIC  ACID. 

Take  of  lodoform 1  part. 

Tannic  acid 1  part. 

Mix.     Used  by  insufflation  into  the  larynx  or  nares. 

G.  M.  Lefferts. 


IPECACUANHA.  233 

POWDER  OF  IODOFORM  AND  MORPHIA. 

Take  of  lodoform 1  ounce. 

Sulphate  of  morphia 10  to  20  grains. 

Mix.     Used  by  insufflation  into  the  larynx  or  nares. 
This,  and  the  two  preceding,  are  stimulating,  alterative,  and  sedative. 

G.  M.  Lefferts. 

POWDER  OF  IODOFORM  AND  CALAMINE. 

Take  of  lodoform 30  grains. 

Calamine 1  drachm. 

Starch to  1  ounce. 

Mix.  University  College  Hospital. 

SOLUTION  OF  IODOFORM. 

Take  of  lodoform 1  part. 

Ether 4  to  10  parts. 

Dissolve.     Painted  over  the  surface  of  an  ulcer,  it  acts  as  a  protective, 
allays  pain  and  promotes  healing. 


SUPPOSITORIES  OF  IODOFORM. 

Take  of  lodoform 15  to  18  grains. 

Oil  of  theobroma 6  drachms. 

Rub  the  iodoform  with  a  small  portion  of  the  oil,  then  add  the  remain- 
der, previously  melted,  and  make  6  suppositories. 

Used  in  painful  affections  of  the  uterus,  vagina,  and  rectum. 


IPECACUANHA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— IPECACUANHA. 

The  root  of  Cephselis  Ipecacuanha,  A.  Richard  (Nat.  ord.,  RuUacece),  a 
small  shrub  growing  in  South  America.  It  owes  its  medicinal  effects  to  an 
alkaloid,  called  emetia  or  emetina,  which  exists  in  it  in  combination  with 
ipecacuanhic  acid. 

Ipecacuanha  is  diaphoretic,  emetic,  expectorant,  and  purgative,  these 
different  effects  depending  chiefly  upon  the  size  of  the  dose  employed. 
Moreover,  it  seems  to  have  certain  specific  effects,  notably  in  the  case  of 
dysentery,  which  are  not  well  understood,  or  easily  explained. 

Dose :  £  to  2  grains,  diaphoretic  and  expectorant ;  15  to  30  grains, 
emetic. 


234  MEDICAL  FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extraetum  Ipecacuanhas  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Ipecac- 
uanha. 

Take  of  Ipecacuanha 16  ounces. 

Glycerin i  pint. 

Stronger  alcohol 1£  pint. 

Water 12  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol , sufficient. 

Mix  the  stronger  alcohol  and  water,  macerate  the  ipecacuanha  in  18 
ounces  of  the  mixture  for  four  days,  then  percolate  with  the  remainder,  con- 
tinuing the  process  with  diluted  alcohol  until  2  pints  are  obtained.  Mix 
this  with  the  glycerin,  and  evaporate  below  140°  to  1  pint. 

Dose  :  1  to  30  minims. 

Pulvis  Ipecacuanhas  Compositus  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Compound  Pow- 
der of  Ipecacuanha — Dover's  Powder. 

Take  of  Ipecacuanha,  in  powder 1  drachm. 

Opium,  in  powder 1  drachm.  • 

Sulphate  of  potassium 1  ounce. 

Rub  together  into  a  very  fine  powder. 

Dose  :  5  to  15  grains. 

Dr.  Piffard  recommends  the  substitution  of  sugar  of  milk  for  sulphate 
of  potassium  in  this  preparation,  thereby  improving  its  taste  without  dimin- 
ishing  its  therapeutic  value. 

Syrupus  Ipecacuanhas  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.) — Syrup  of  Ipecacuanha. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  ipecacuanha 2  ounces. 

Syrup 30  ounces. 

Mix. 

Dose :  30  to  60  minims  as  an  expectorant ;  4  to  8  drachms  as  an 
emetic. 


Trochisi  Ipecacuanhas  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Troches  of  Ipecacuanha. 

Take  of  Ipecacuanha 120  grains. 

Tragacanth 120  grains. 

Arrow-root 2  ounces. 

Sugar 8  ounces. 

Syrup  of  orange  peel sufficient. 

Rub  the  powders  together,  then  with  the  syrup  form  a  mass,  to  be 
divided  into  480  troches. 
Dose  :  1  or  2  troches. 


FLORENTINE    ORRIS.  235 

Vinum  Ipecacuanhas  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.) — Wine  of  Ipecacuanha. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  ipecacuanha 2  ounces. 

Sherry  wine 30  ounces. 

Mix  and  filter. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  minims  as  an  expectorant ;  £  to  1  ounce  as  an  emetic. 
Very  small  doses — 1  to  5  drops — are  sometimes  used  with  excellent 
effect  in  allaying  vomiting. 

ALCOHOLIC  EXTRACT  OF  IPECACUANHA  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Ipecacuanha 1  part. 

Diluted  alcohol 6  parts. 

Percolate  the  ipecacuanha  with  the  alcohol,  then  distil  off  the  alcohol, 
and  evaporate  to  the  consistence  of  a  soft  extract. 

Used  by  the  French  Codex  in  making  the  syrup  of  ipecacuanha. 

TINCTURE  or  IPECACUANHA  (Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Ipecacuanha 1  part. 

Diluted  alcohol 5  parts. 

Macerate  ten  days,  express  and  filter. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  minims  as  an  expectorant ;  2  to  3  drachms  as  an  emetic. 

MIXTURES  OF  IPECACUANHA. 

Take  of  Wine  of  ipecacuanha 15  minims. 

Tincture  of  squill 7^-  minims. 

Tincture  of  opium 4  minims. 

Glycerin 18  minims. 

Water ^ to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  University  College  Hospital. 

Take  of  Wine  of  ipecacuanha 20  minims. 

Bicarbonate  of  sodium 10  grains. 

Spirit  of  nitrous  ether 15  minims. 

Tincture  of  henbane 20  minims. 

Treacle 1  drachm. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Great  Northern  Hospital. 


IRIS  FLORENTINA  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— FLORENTINE   ORRIS. 

The  rhizome  of  Iris  Florentina,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Iridacece)  an  herbaceous 
perennial  indigenous  to  Southern  Europe. 

It  is  seldom  used  in  this  country  except  as  a  dentifrice. 
Dose  :  1  to  6  drachms. 


236  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


IRIS   VERSICOLOB,  (U.   S.)— BLUE  FLAG. 

The  rhizome  of  Iris  versicolor,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Iridaceae),  our  common 
blue  flag  which  grows  in  wet  places  and  blooms  in  May  and  June. 

When  fresh,  the  root  has  a  slightly  nauseous  odor,  and  a  bitter,  acrid 
taste.  It  is  emetic  and  cathartic,  and  in  overdoses  may  produce  great 
prostration.  The  fresh  root,  or  a  tincture  made  from  it,  has  been  found 
useful  in  sick  headache.  It  should  be  administered  in  very  small  doses,  in- 
sufficient to  provoke  vomiting. 

Dose  :  5  to  15  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

TINCTURE  OF  IRIS. 

Take  of  Iris  versicolor,  fresh 1  part. 

Alcohol 2  parts. 

Macerate  one  week,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  5  to  30  minims. 

OLEORESIN  OF  IRIS — IRISIN. 

Take  of  Iris  versicolor,  fresh 16  parts. 

Alcohol  (sp.  gr.  0.835) sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  until  16  parts  of  tincture  are  obtained. 
Evaporate  this  to  a  thick,  syrupy  consistence,  pour  into  ten  times  its  bulk 
of  cold  water,  stir  slightly,  and  allow  the  mixture  to  stand  for  twenty-four 
hours.  Draw  off  the  aqueous  solution,  transfer  the  oily  precipitate  to  an 
evaporating  basin,  and  evaporate  on  a  water-bath,  stirring  well,  until  the 
water  is  expelled. 

It  is  an  oily  substance,  liquid  at  ordinary  temperatures,  having  the  odor 
of  fresh  blue  flag  root,  and  a  disagreeable,  oily  taste. 

Dose  :  2  to  4  grains.  J.  U.  Lloyd. 


JALAPA   (LT.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— JALAP. 

The  tuber  of  Ipomsea  Purga,  Hayne  (Nat.  ord.,  Convolvulacece),  an  her- 
baceous, perennial,  twining  vine,  indigenous  to  the  mountainous  regions  of 
Mexico. 

Jalap  has  a  peculiar,  coffee-like  odor,  a  nauseous  taste,  and  is  an  active, 
hydragogue  cathartic.  Its  action  is  generally  attended  with  some  pain,  and, 
in  overdoses,  it  may  produce  dangerous  hypercatharsis. 

It  is  used  chiefly  in  dropsy,  and  as  a  revulsive  in  cerebral  affections. 

Dose  :  15  to  30  grains. 


JALAP.  237 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum  Jalapae  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Extract  of  Jalap. 

Take  of  Jalap 12  ounces. 

Alcohol 4  pints. 

Water sufficient. 

Percolate  the  jalap  with  the  alcohol,  continuing  the  process  with  water 
until  4  pints  are  obtained  ;  then  percolate  with  water  until  6  pints  of  infu- 
sion are  obtained.     Evaporate  the  two  liquids  separately  to  the  consistence 
of  thin  honey,  then  mix  them,  and  evaporate  to  a  proper  consistence. 
Dose  :  10  to  20  grains. 

Pulvis  Jalapae  Compositus  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Compound  Powder  of  Jalap. 

Take  of  Jalap : 1  ounce. 

Bitartrate  of  potassium 2  ounces. 

Eub  together  thoroughly. 

Dose  :  -J-  to  1  drachm.     An  excellent  hydragogue  cathartic. 

Resina  Jalapae  (U.  S.  et  al  Ph.) — Resin  of  Jalap. 

Take  of  Jalap 16  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Macerate  the  jalap  in  16  ounces  of  alcohol  for  four  days,  then  percolate 
until  24  ounces  are  obtained.     Reduce  this  to  6  ounces  by  distilling  off 
the  alcohol,  and  mix  it  with  7  pints  of  water.     Decant  the  supernatant 
liquid,  wash  the  precipitate,  and  dry  it  with  a  gentle  heat. 
Dose  :  2  to  5  grains. 

Tinctura  Jalapae  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Tincture  of  Jalap. 

Take  of  Jalap 6  ounces. 

Alcohol,  2  parts— Water,  1  part sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  \  to  2  drachms. 

COMPOUND  TINCTURE  OF  JALAP  (Fr.). 
Take  of  Jalap 8  parts. 

Turpeth 1  part. 

Scammony 2  parts. 

Alcohol  (60,',') 96  parts. 

Macerate  ten  days,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  \  to  2  drachms. 

JALAP  SOAP  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Resin  of  jalap 4  parts. 

Soap 4  parts. 

Diluted  alcohol 8  parts. 

Dissolve,  and  evaporate  on  a  water-bath  until  the  whole  weighs  9  parts. 
Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 


938  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

JALAP  PILLS  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Jalap  soap 3  parts. 

Jalap  root,  powdered 1  part. 

Beat  into  a  mass,  and  divide  into  pills  of  1^  grain  each. 
Dose  :  3  to  6  pills. 

CONFECTION  OF  JALAP. 

Take  of  Powdered  jalap ^  ounce. 

Powdered  senna -. 2  ounces. 

Ginger 60  grains. 

Treacle 8  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose :  1  to  2  drachms.  St.  George's  Hospital. 

CONFECTION  OF  JALAP  AND  SULPHUR. 

Take  of  Confection  of  jalap 5  ounces. 

Precipitated  sulphur 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms.  St.  George's  Hospital. 

POWDER  OF  JALAP  AND  SCAMMONY. 

Take  of  Jalap 3  grains. 

Scammony 7  grains. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Westminster  Ophthalmic  Hospital. 


JUGLANS  (U.  S.)— BUTTERNUT. 

The  inner  bark  of  Juglans  cinerea,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Juglandacece),  our 
common  butternut.  It  possesses  mild  cathartic  properties,  resembling 
those  of  rhubarb,  and  is  well  suited  to  cases  of  habitual  constipation. 

Dose  :  ^  to  1  drachm. 

PREPARATION. 
Extractum  Juglandis  (U.  S.) — Extract  of  Butternut. 

Take  of  Butternut 12  ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Exhaust  the  butternut  by  percolation  with  water,  boil  the  infusion  to 
three-fourths  of  its  bulk,  strain,  and  evaporate  on  a  water- bath  to  a  proper 
consistence. 

Dose  :  4  to  30  grains. 


JUNIPERUS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— JUNIPER. 

The  fruit  of  Juniperus  communis,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Goniferce),  a  common 
evergreen  shrub,  often  growing  with  Juniperus  Virginiana,  L.  (Bed  cedar), 
from  which  it  may  be  distinguished  by  having  its  leaves  in  threes,  with  a 
slender  prickly  point,  while  the  latter  has  scale-shaped  leaves. 


KAMEELA KAMALA.  239 

Juniper  berries    have    a  sweetish,   terebinthinate   taste,  and  possess 
diuretic  properties.     Used  in  urinary  diseases. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Infusum  Juniper!  (U.  S.) — Infusion  of  Juniper. 

Take  of  Juniper,  bruised 1  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Macerate  for  an  hour,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  2  to  3  ounces. 

Oleum  Juniper!  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Oil  of  Juniper. 

The  oil  obtained  from  juniper  by  distillation. 
Dose  :  5  to  10  minims. 

Spirit  us  Juniper!  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)— Spirit  of  Juniper. 

Take  of  Oil  of  juniper 1  ounce. 

Stronger  alcohol 3  pints. 

Dissolve. 

Dose  :  •£•  to  1  drachm. 

Spiritus  Juniper!  Compositus  (U.  S.)— Compound  Spirit  of  Juniper. 

Take  of  Oil  of  juniper 1£  drachm. 

Oil  of  caraway 10  minims. 

Oil  of  fennel 10  minims. 

Alcohol 5  pints. 

Water 3  pints. 

Dissolve  the  oils  in  the  alcohol,  add  the  water,  and  miY. 
Dose  :  'Mo  4  drachms. 

EXTRACT  OF  JUNIPER  (Ger.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Juniper  berries 1  part. 

Hot  water 4  parts. 

Infuse,  strain,  and  evaporate  to  a  thin  extract. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 


EOTTLEEA  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)— KAMEELA— KAMALA. 

The  glandular  powder  and  hairs  obtained  from  the  fruit  of  Bottlera 
tinctoria,  Boxb.  (Nat.  ord.,  Euphorbiacecs),  a  shrub  or  small  tree  indigenous 
to  Abyssinia  and  Southern  Arabia, 

Kameela  is  used  almost  exclusively  for  the  expulsion  of  tape-worm. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  drachms. 


240  MEDICAL    FORMULAKY. 

PREPARATION. 

TINCTURE  OF  KAMEELA. 

Take  of  Kameela 3  ounces. 

Alcohol 10  ounces. 

Digest,  and  filter. 

Dose  3  to  8  drachms.  Anderson. 


KINO  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)—  KINO. 

The  inspissated  juice  of  Pterocarpus  Marsupium,  Roxb.  (Nat.  ord.,  Le- 
guminosce),  a  tree  indigenous  to  the  Indian  Peninsula  and  Ceylon. 

Kino  occurs  in  small,  angular  pieces,  of  a  blackish-red  color,  and  an  as- 
tringent taste.  Employed  internally  as  an  astringent  in  diarrhoea  and 
dysentery,  and  topically  in  leucorrhcea,  etc. 

Several  other  varieties  of  kino  occur  in  market,  the  products  of  as  many 
different  species  of  trees.  All  are  astringents,  and  are  used  for  the  same 
purposes  as  the  East  Indian  drug. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 


Tinctura  Kino  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)—  Tincture  of  Kino. 

Take  of  Kino  ....................................  360  grains. 

Alcohol  ..................................     sufficient. 

Water  ...................................     sufficient. 

Mix  2  measures  of  alcohol  with  1  of  water,  and  percolate  the  kino, 
previously  mixed  with  an  equal  bulk  of  dry  sand,  with  the  mixture,  until  £ 
pint  of  tincture  is  obtained. 

Dose  :      to  2  drachms. 


COMPOUND  POWDER  OF  KINO  (Br.). 

Take  of  Kino  ...........  ...........................  3f  ounces. 

Opium  ...................................  i  ounce. 

Cinnamon  ................................  1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  5  to  20  grains. 

INFUSION  OF  KINO. 
Take  of  Kino  ....................................     2  drachms. 

Boiling  water  .............................     8  ounces. 

Infuse  and  strain. 

Dose  :  1  ounce.  Wood. 

Used  as  an  injection  in  leucorrhcea  and  gleet,  and  as  a  gargle  in  various 
forms  of  sore  throat. 


EHATANY.  241 

TROCHES  OF  KINO. 

Take  of  Kino 700  grains. 

Tragacanth 70  grains. 

Refined  sugar 280  grains. 

Red  currant  paste sufficient. 

}Iix  the  powders,  then  add  the  paste,  and  divide  into  350  troches  of  20 
grains  each.  Mackenzie. 


KftAMERIA  (tl.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— RHATANY. 

The  root  of  Krameria  triandra,  Ruiz  et  Pav.  (Nat.  ord.,  Polygalaceoe),  a 
small  shrub  indigenous  to  Peru. 

Krameria  has  a  very  astringent,  and  slightly  bitter  taste.  It  is  some- 
what tonic,  and  powerfully  astringent.  Used  in  diarrhoea,  dysentery,  hem- 
orrhages, etc. 

Dose  :  10  to  40  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  Krameriae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph. ) — Extract  of  Rhatany. 

Take  of  Rhatany 12  ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Exhaust  the  rhatany  by  percolation  with  water,  heat  the  infusion  to  the 
boiling  point,  strain,  and  evaporate,  at  a  temperature  not  exceeding  160°,  to 
a  proper  consistence. 
Dose  :  5  to  20  grains. 

Extractum  Krameriae  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Rhatany. 

Take  of  Rhatany 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  8  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  5  of  water,  moisten  the 
rhatany  with  4  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general 
formula,  page  161.  Finish  the  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol,  reserve  14 

ounces,  and  add  1  ounce  of  glycerin  to  the  remainder,  before  evaporation. 

» 
Dose  :  10  to  40  minims. 

Infusum  Krameriae  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Infusion  of  Rhatany. 

Take  of  Rhatany 1  ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  1  pint. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces.     Often  used  as  a  gargle  in  sore  throat. 
16 


242  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Syrupus  Krameriae  (U.  S.,  Fr.) — Syrup  of  Rhatany. 

Take  of  Rhatany 12  ounces. 

Sugar 30  ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Obtain  4  pints  of  infusion  by  percolation  with  water,  and  evaporate  it  on 
a  water-bath  to  17  ounces  ;  then  add  the  sugar,  dissolve,  and  strain  while 
hot.  Or,  mix  12  ounces  of  fluid  extract  of  rhatany  with  24  ounces  of  syrup. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms. 

Tinctura  Krameriae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph. ) — Tincture  of  Khatany. 

Take  of  Khatany 6  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  J  to  2  drachms. 

SUPPOSITORIES  OF  EXTRACT  OF  RHATANY  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Extract  of  rhatany 1  part. 

Oil  of  theobroma 4  parts. 

Melt  the  oil,  and  when  cooling  add  the  extract,  mix  thoroughly,  and 
pour  into  moulds  having  the  capacity  of  1  drachm  each. 
Used  in  fissure  of  the  anus,  etc. 

INJECTION  OF  RHATANY. 

Take  of  Extract  of  rhatany 1  to  2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  rhatany 1  drachm. 

Water 5  ounces. 

Mix.     Used  in  fissure  of  the  anus.  Trousseau. 

MIXTURE  OF  RHATANY. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  rhatany 1  drachm. 

Tincture  of  opium 6  drops. 

Bicarbonate  of  sodium 20  grains. 

Syrup  of  ginger 7  drachms. 

Water 2  ounces. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  drachm  two  or  three  times  a  day,  for  children  one  or, 
two  years  old.  In  diarrhoea.  Meigs  and  Pepper. 

TROCHES  OF  RHATANY. 

Take  of  Extract  of  rhatany 1,050  grains. 

Tragacanth 70  grains. 

Refined  sugar 280  grains. 

Red  currant  paste sufficient. 

Mix  the  powders,  add  the  paste,  and  divide  into  350  troches,  each 
containing  3  grains  of  extract  of  rhatany.  Mackenzie. 


LACTUCAEIUM.  243 


LACTUCAKIUM  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— LACTUCAKIUM. 

The  concrete  juice  of  garden  lettuce,  Lactuca  sativa,  L.,  Lactuca  virosa, 
L.,  and  other  species  of  Lactuca  (Nat.  ord.,  Composites). 

Lactucariuin  has  an  unpleasant,  opium-like  odor,  and  a  very  bitter  taste. 
It  possesses  some  of  the  anodyne  and  soporific  properties  of  opium,  but 
does  not  produce  such  unpleasant  after-effects.  It  is,  however,  an  unre- 
liable drug,  and  should  not  be  substituted  for  opium  except  when  the  lat- 
ter disagrees. 

Dose  :  8  to  20  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Syrupus  Lactucarii  (U.  S.)— Syrup  of  Lactucariuin. 

Take  of  Lactucariuin 1  ounce. 

Syrup 14  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Rub  the  lactucarium  with  enough  diluted  alcohol  to  bring  it  to  a  syrupy 
consistence,  then  percolate  with  more  until  \  pint  of  tincture  is  obtained. 
Evaporate,  at  or  below  160°,  to  2  ounces,  mix  with  the  syrup  previously 
heated,  and  strain  while  hot. 

Dose  :  2  to  3  drachms. 

In  this  connection  may  be  considered 

EXTRACT  OF  LETTUCE  (Br.,  Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  flowering  herb  of  lettuce,  a  convenient  quantity. 

Bruise,  express  the  juice,  heat  to  130°,  and  separate  the  green  coloring 
matter  by  a  calico  filter.  Heat  the  strained  liquid  to  200°,  filter,  evapo- 
rate to  the  consistence  of  thin  syrup,  add  the  coloring  matter  previously 
separated,  continue  the  evaporation,  at  or  below  140°,  to  a  proper  con- 
sistence for  forming  pills. 

Dose  :  5  to  15  grains. 

,       Considered  inferior  to  lactucarium,  though  there  is  not  very  much  dif- 
ference between  them. 

SYRUP  OF  EXTRACT  OF  LETTUCE  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Extract  of  lettuce 2  parts. 

Syrup 98  parts. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  extract  in  8  times  its  weight  of  water,  filter,  mix  with 
the  syrup,  and  evaporate  to  the  sp.  gr.  1.26. 


244  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

WATER  OF  LETTUCE  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Flowering  herb  of  lettuce 1  part. 

Water .' 2  parts. 

Distil  1  part. 

PILLS  OF  LETTUCE  AND  HENBANE. 

Take  of  Extract  of  lettuce 2  grains. 

Extract  of  henbane 2  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital* 


LAVAKDULA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— LAVENDER. 

The  flowers  of  Lavandula  vera,  DC.  (Nat.  ord.,  Labiatce),  a  small  shrub 
indigenous  to  Southern  Europe,  but  cultivated  in  many  temperate  regions. 

Lavender  has  a  strong,  agreeable  odor,  and  an  aromatic,  bitterish  taste. 
It  is  much  used  as  a  stimulant  in  hysterical  and  other  nervous  affections. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Oleum  Lavandulae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Oil  of  Lavender. 
The  oil  obtained  from  lavender  by  distillation. 
Dose  :  1  to  5  minims. 

Spiritus  Lavandulae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Spirit  of  Lavender. 

Take  of  Oil  of  lavender 1  ounce. 

Stronger  alcohol 3  pints. 

Dissolve. 

Dose  :  ^  to  1  drachm. 

The  French  and  German  preparations  are  prepared  by  distillation. 

Spiritus   Lavandulae  Compositus   (U.  S.,  Br.) — Compound   Spirit  of 

Lavender. 

Take  of  Oil  of  lavender 1  ounce. 

Oil  of  rosemary 2  drachms. 

Cinnamon 2  ounces. 

Cloves ^  ounce. 

Nutmeg 1  ounce. 

Eed  saunders 6  drachms. 

Alcohol 6  pints. 

Water 2  pints. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  oils  in  the  alcohol,  and  add  the  water.  Mix  the  powders, 
and  percolate  them  with  the  alcoholic  solution,  continuing  the  process  with 
diluted  alcohol  until  8  pints  are  obtained. 

Dose  :  10  to  60  minims. 

Compound  Tincture  of  Lavender,  Br. 


LEPTANDRA LEMON.  245 


LEPTANDEA  (U.  S.)— LEPTAXDRA. 

The  rhizome  and  rootlets  of  Veronica  Virginica,  L.  (Leptandra  Virginica, 
Nutt.,  Nat.  on/.,  Scrophulariacece),  a  tall,  herbaceous  perennial  indigenous  to 
North  America,  growing  in  rich  woodlands. 

Leptandra  is  an  excellent  cholagogue  cathartic.  Its  effects  are  due  to 
a  peculiar  principle,  termed  leptandrin,  which,  however,  is  not  as  yet  sepa- 
rated in  sufficient  quantities  to  be  of  commercial  importance.  The  leptan- 
drin of  the  shops  is  a  resinoid  substance  precipitated  from  a  concentrated 
tincture  of  leptandra. 

Dose  :  £  to  1  drachm. 

PREPARATIONS. 

FLUID  EXTRACT  OF  LEPTANDRA. 

Take  of  Leptandra 16  parts. 

Diluted  alcohol,  5  parts — glycerin,  1  part sufficient. 

Prepare  according  to  the  general  formula,  page  161. 

This  is  the  menstruum  proposed  in  the  fieport  of  the  Am.  Ph.  Ass'n. 

Dose  :  ^  to  1  drachm. 

RESIN  OF  LEPTANDRA — LEPTANDRIN. 

Take  of  Leptandra 16  parts. 

Alcohol  (sp.  gr.  0.835) sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  until  16  parts  of  tincture  are  obtained. 
Evaporate  this  to  a  thick,  syrupy  consistence,  pour  into  ten  times  its  bulk 
of  cold  water,  stir  well,  and  allow  the  mixture  to  stand  for  twenty-four 
hours.  Then  decant  the  supernatant  liquid,  wash  the  precipitate  with  hot 
water,  and  permit  it  to  cool.  Then  transfer  to  an  evaporating  basin,  and 
evaporate  almost  to  dryness  on  a  water-bath.  Crush  the  mass  in  a  mortar, 
expose  it  to  the  air  until  perfectly  dry,  then  powder  it. 

A  dark,  almost  black  powder  having  the  odor  of  Leptandra.  As  above 
made  it  is  almost  tasteless,  but  the  commercial  article  is  usually  bitter, 
owing  to  the  presence  of  extractive  matters.1 

Dose  :  2  to  5  grains. 


LIMOX— LEMOK 

LIMOXIS  CORTEX  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— LEMON  PEEL. 
LIMOXIS   SUCCUS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— LEMON  JUICE. 

The  fruit  of  Citrus  limonum,  Risso  (Nat.  ord.,  Aurantiacece),  a  tree 
cultivated  in  many  subtropical  countries.  The  lemons  of  commerce  come 
chiefly  from  the  Mediterranean  coast, 

1  For  remarks  upon  commercial  leptandrin,  see  article  by  J.  U.  Xloyd,  in  Proceed- 
ings of  Am.  Phar.  Ass'n,  1880. 


246  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

All  parts  of  the  lemon  are  used  medicinally.  The  rind  has  a  fragrant 
odor,  a  bitter,  aromatic  taste,  and  is  used  as  a  flavoring  agent.  The  juice 
abounds  in  citric  acid,  and  is  used  in  preparing  cooling  and  refreshing 
drinks. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Oleum  Limonis  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Oil  of  Lemon. 
The  volatile  oil  obtained  from  lemon  peel. 
Used  for  flavoring. 

Spiritus  Limonis  (U.  S.,  Fr.) — Spirit  of  Lemon. 

Take  of  Oil  of  lemon 2  ounces. 

Lemon  peel  (freshly  grated) 1  ounce. 

Stronger  alcohol 2  pints. 

Dissolve  the  oil  in  the  alcohol,  add  the  peel,  macerate  for  twenty-four 
hours,  and  filter. 

Used  for  flavoring. 

The  French  preparation  is  made  by  distillation. 

Syrupus  Limonis  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Syrup  of  Lemon. 

Take  of  Lemon  juice , 1  pint. 

Sugar 48  ounces. 

Water 1  pint. 

Mix  the  lemon  juice  and  water,  add  the  sugar,  dissolve  with  a  gentle 
heat,  and  strain  while  hot. 
Used  as  a  vehicle. 
The  British  Pharmacopoeia  adds  also  lemon  peel. 

TINCTURE  OF  LEMON  PEEL  (Br.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Fresh  lemon  peel 2£  ounces. 

Proof  spirit 20  dunces. 

Macerate  seven  days,  express,  filter,  and  add  sufficient  proof  spirit  to 
make  20  ounces. 

Dose  :  £  to  2  drachms.     Used  chiefly  for  flavoring. 

The  French  Codex  directs  :  lemon  peel,  1  part ;  alcohol  (80#),  2  parts. 


LINUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— FLAXSEED— LINSEED. 

The  seed  of  Linum  usitatissimum,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Linacece),  common  flax, 
a  plant  which  has  been  cultivated  from  the  remotest  antiquity. 

Flaxseed  is  an  excellent  demulcent,  and  is  largely  used  in  febrile  and 
inflammatory  affections.  It  also  possesses  important  nutrient  properties, 
and  has  been  used  as  a  substitute  for  cod-liver  oil.  It  is  employed  exter- 
nally as  an  emollient. 


LITHIUM BENZOATE    OF    LITHIUM.  247 

PREPARATIONS. 

Infusum  Lini  Compositum  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Compound  Infusion  of  Flaxseed. 

Take  of  Flaxseed £  ounce. 

Liquorice  root 2  drachms. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Macerate  two  hours,  and  strain. 

May  be  used  ad  libitum  as  a  drink  in  febrile  affections. 

Lini  Farina  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Flaxseed  Meal. 

The  meal  prepared  by  grinding  flaxseed.  The  British  and  German 
Pharmacopoeias  employ  the  meal  from  which  the  oil  has  been  expressed, 
while  the  United  States  Pharmacopoeia  and  French  Codex  direct  the  freshly 
ground  seed.  Used  in  poultices. 

Oleum  Lini  (U.  S.  et  al  Ph.)— Flaxseed  Oil— Linseed  Oil. 
The  fixed  oil  obtained  by  expression  from  ground  flaxseed. 
Dose  :  ^  to  2  ounces.     Chiefly  used  externally. 

SULPHURATED  FLAXSEED  OIL  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Flaxseed  Oil 6  parts. 

Sublimed  sulphur. ,( 1  part. 

Boil  them,  stirring  constantly,  until  they  have  united  into  a  homogene- 
ous mass. 

LINSEED  POULTICE  (Br.). 

Take  of  Linseed  meal , 4  ounces. 

Olive  oil , £  ounce. 

Boiling  water 10  ounces. 

Mix  the  meal  gradually  with  the  water,  then  add  the  oil,  with  constant 
stirring. 


LITHIUM— LITHIUM. 

A  very  rare  metal  found  in  combination  in  a  few  minerals,  as  spodumene 
and  lepidolite,  and  in  some  mineral  waters.  Its  protoxide,  lithia,  is  a 
powerful  alkali  like  potassa  or  soda,  though  less  soluble. 

The  salts  of  lithium  are  chiefly  employed  as  alkaline  diuretics  in  gout, 
rheumatism,  etc. 


LITHII  BENZO  AS— BENZOATE  OF  LITHIUM. 

Prepared  by  adding  benzoic  acid  to  a  solution  of  carbonate  of  lithium, 
and  evaporating  to  dryness. 
Dose  :  2  to  5  grains. 


248  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


LITHII  BROMIDUM— BROMIDE  OF  LITHIUM. 

Prepared  by  adding  carbonate  of  lithium  to  hydrobromic  acid,  and 
evaporating.  It  is  a  very  deliquescent  salt. 

It  produces  the  general  effects  of  the  bromides,  and  is,  by  some  physi- 
cians, esteemed  most  highly  of  them  all.  Used  in  epilepsy  and  other  ner- 
vous affections,  and  in  rheumatism. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  grains. 

MIXTURE  OF  BROMIDE  OF  LITHIUM. 

Take  of  Bromide  of  lithium 3  drachms. 

Syrup  of  ginger £  ounce. 

Water l|  ounce. 

Mix.  Dose :  1  drachm  three  times  a  day,  in  rheumatism,  when  the 
smaller  joints  are  swollen  and  tender  after  the  subsidence  of  acute  symp- 
toms. Bartholow. 


LITHII   CARBON  AS   (IT.   S.,  Br.,   Ger.)— CARBONATE   OF 

LITHIUM. 

Obtained  chiefly  from  the  mineral  lepidolite.     It  is  a  white  powder, 
sparingly  soluble  in  water,  and  of  a  feeble,  alkaline  reaction. 
Dose  :  2  to  6  grains. 

PREPARATION. 

EFFERVESCING  SOLUTION  OF  LITHIUM  (Br.). 
Take  of  Carbonate  of  lithium 10  grains. 


Water .20 


ounces. 


Dissolve,  and,  by  means  of  a  suitable  apparatus,  impregnate  the  solu- 
tion with  carbonic  acid  gas. 
Dose  :  5  to  10  ounces. 

MIXTURE  OF  CARBONATE  OF  LITHIUM. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  lithium 1  drachm. 

Citric  acid 2  drachms. 

Water 2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  every  four  hours.  Bartholow. 


CITRATE    OF    LITHIUM LOBELIA.  249 


LITHII   C1TRAS   (U.   S.,  Br.)— CITEATE   OF   LITHIUM. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  lithium 100  grains. 

Citric  acid,  in  crystals 200  grains. 

Distilled  water 2  ounces. 

Dissolve  the  acid  in  the  water,  add  the  carbonate,  and  evaporate  to  dry- 
ness. 

Dose  :  2  to  6  grains. 


LOBELIA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— LOBELIA. 

The  leaves  and  tops  of  Lobelia  inflata,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Lobeliacece),  a  small 
annual  indigenous  to  North  America,  growing  abundantly  in  dry  pastures 
and  by  roadsides. 

Lobelia  has  an  unpleasant  odor,  and  an  acrid,  nauseous  taste.  It  pro- 
duces effects  analogous  to  those  of  tobacco,  and  is  used  in  small  doses  as  a 
diuretic,  diaphoretic,  and  sedative.  In  large  doses  it  acts  as  a  violent  emetic, 
and  may  produce  fatal  prostration.  It  is  employed  chiefly  in  chest  affec- 
tions, especially  those  of  a  spasmodic  character,  as  asthma,  etc. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Acetum  Lobelias  (U.  S.) — Vinegar  of  Lobelia. 

Take  of  Lobelia 4  ounces. 

Diluted  acetic  acid sufficient 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  10  to  60  minims. 

Tincturae  Lobelias  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Tincture  of  Lobelia. 

Take  of  Lobelia 4  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  10  to  60  minims. 

ETHEREAL  TINCTURE  OF  LOBELIA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Lobelia 2£  ounces. 

Spirit  of  ether 20  ounces. 

Macerate  seven  days,  express,  filter,  and  add  sufficient  menstruum  to 
make  20  ounces. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  minims. 


250  MEDICAL    FOEMULARY. 

MIXTUEES  OF  LOBELIA. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  lobelia 1  ounce. 

Iodide  of  ammonium 2  drachms. 

Bromide  of  ammonium , 3  drachms. 

Syrup  of  tolu 2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  every  one,  two,  three,  or  four  hours,  in  the  par- 
oxysm of  asthma.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  lobelia 1  ounce. 

Tincture  of  hyoscyamus 1  ounce. 

Compound  spirit  of  ether 1  ounce. 

Syrup  of  tolu 1  ounce. 

Mix.     1  drachm  every  half-hour  during  the  paroxysm  of  asthma,  after- 
ward at  longer  intervals.  Da  Costa. 

Take  of  Ethereal  mixture  of  lobelia 2  drachms. 

Mixture  of  chloride  of  iron 2J  drachms. 

Camphor  water 4  ounces. 

M.     Dose  :  -J  ounce  three  times  a  day,  in  emphysema.          Chambers. 

Take  of 'Ethereal  tincture  of  lobelia 15  minims. 

Camphor  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  London  Hospital. 


LUPLTLINA  (U.  S.,  Ger.)— LUPULIN. 

The  yellow  powder  separated  from  the  strobiles  of  Humulus  Lupulus,  L. 
Dose  :  5  to  10  grains.     See  Hops. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  LupulinsB  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Lupulin. 

Take  of  Lupulin 16  ounces. 

Stronger  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  lupulin  with  6  ounces  of  the  stronger  alcohol,  and  proceed 
according  to  the  general  formula,  page  161. 
Dose  :  10  to  30  minims. 

Oleoresina  Lupulinae  (U.  S.) — Oleoresin  of  Lupulin. 

Take  of  Lupulin 12  ounces. 

Ether sufficient. 

Obtain  20  ounces  of  tincture  by  percolation,  distil  off  the  greater  por- 
tion of  the  ether,  and  allow  the  remainder  to  evaporate  spontaneously. 
Dose  :  2  to  5  grains. 


LYCOPODIUM CALCINED    MAGNESIA.  251 

Tinctura  Lupulinae  (U.  S.) — Tincture  of  Lupulin. 

Take  of  Lupulin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  -J  to  2  drachms. 

MIXTURE  OF  LUPLTJN  AND  CAPSICUM. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  lupulin 1  ounce. 

Tincture  of  capsicum 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  or  2  drachms  when  necessary,  as  a  substitute  for  alco- 
holic stimulants,  and  when  delirium  tremens  is  threatened.     Bartholow. 


LYCOPODIUM  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— LYCOPODIUM. 

The  sporules  of  Lycopodium  clavatum,  L.,  and  of  other  species  of  Ly- 
copodium  (Nat.  ord.,  Lycopodiacece),  the  common  club-moss  of  this  country 
and  Europe. 

Lycopodium  is  a  fine  powder,  odorless  and  tasteless.  It  is  used  as  a 
protective  coating  in  intertrigo,  eczema,  and  other  cutaneous  affections  ;  as 
a  diluent  of  medicinal  powders,  etc.  . 


MAGNESIUM— MAGNESIUM. 

Magnesium,  though  not  employed  medicinally  in  the  metallic  form, 
furnishes  several  compounds  which  are  largely  used.  Its  protoxide,  mag- 
nesia, is  a  mild  alkali,  as  is  also  the  carbonate,  while  the  citrate  and  sul- 
phate are  extensively  used  as  cathartics. 


MAGNESIA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CALCINED  MAGNESIA. 

Take  of  carbonate  of  magnesium,  at  will. 

Expose  it  in  an  earthen  crucible  to  a  red  heat  for  two  hours,  or  until 
the  carbonic  acid  is  expelled. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains,  as  an  antacid.     In  larger  doses  it  is  mildly  laxa- 
tive. 

PREPARATION. 

Trochisi  Magnesias  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— Troches  of  Magnesia. 

Take  of  Magnesia 3  ounces. 

Nutmeg 60  grains. 

Sugar 9  ounces. 

Mucilage  of  tragacanth sufficient. 

Eub  the  powders  together,  then  with  the  mucilage  form  a  mass,  to  be 
divided  into  480  troches. 
Dose  :  1  to  3  troches. 


252  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

MIXTURE  OF  MAGNESIA. 

Take  of  Magnesia 12  grains. 

Tincture  of  opium 3  drops. 

White  sugar sufficient. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  every  two  hours  until  the  bowels  are  tranquil. 
In  thrush.  Deivees. 


MAGNESIl  CARBON  AS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CARBONATE  OF 

MAGNESIUM. 

May  be  prepared  by  mixing  solutions  of  sulphate  of  magnesium  and 
carbonate  of  sodium,  washing  and  drying  the  precipitate,  but  is  prepared 
on  a  large  scale  from  the  bittern  of  salt  works.  It  occurs  in  two  varieties, 
called  light  and  heavy,  respectively,  the  former  of  which  is  directed  by  the 
U.  S.  Pharmacopoeia.  The  difference  between  the  two  depends  upon  the 
manner  of  preparation,  the  one  containing  more  water  than  the  other. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium  is  used  for  the  same  purposes  as  magnesia. 

Dose  :  J  to  2  drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 

SOLUTION  or  CARBONATE  OF  MAGNESIUM  (Br.). 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  magnesium 2  ounces. 

Carbonate  of  sodium 2£  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  salts  separately,  each  in  10  ounces  of  water,  heat  the  mag- 
nesium solution  to  the  boiling  point,  add  the  sodium  solution,  and  boil 
until  gas  ceases  to  be  evolved.  Wash  the  precipitate,  mix  it  with  20  ounces 
of  distilled  water,  impregnate  it  with  carbonic  acid,  and  bottle. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

TROCHES  OF  CARBONATE  OF  MAGNESIUM  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  magnesium 20  parts. 

White  sugar 80  parts. 

Mucilage  of  tragacanth 12  parts. 

Form  a  mass,  and  divide  into  troches  of  15  grains  each. 

TROCHES  OF  CARBONATE  OF  MAGNESIUM  AND  CATECHU  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  magnesium 10  parts. 

Catechu 5  parts. 

White  sugar 85  parts. 

Mucilage  of  tragacanth 12  parts. 

Form  a  mass,  and  divide  into  troches  of  15  grains  each. 


CITRATE    OF    MAGNESIUM.  253 

POWDER  OF  MAGNESIA  AND  KHUBABB  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  magnesium 60  parts. 

Oleosaccharate  of  fennel 40  parts. 

Khubarb 15  parts. 

Mix. 

The  oleosaccharates  of  the  German  Pharmacopoeia  are  formed  by  rubbing 
1  drop  of  any  essential  oil  with  ^  drachm  of  white  sugar. 

MIXTURES  OF  CARBONATE  OF  MAGNESIUM. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  magnesium ^  drachm. 

Tincture  of  asaf etida 40  drops. 

Tincture  of  opium 20  drops. 

Sugar 1  drachm. 

Distilled  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  20  drops  to  1  drachm,  according  to  age,  in  flatulent  colic 
and  diarrhoea  of  infants.  Deivees. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  magnesium 15  grains. 

Rhubarb 5  grains. 

Cinnamon  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  London  Ophthalmic  Hospital. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  magnesium ^  drachm. 

Sulphate  of  magnesium 3  drachms. 

Aromatic  spirit  of  ammonia 1  drachm. 

Tincture  of  rhubarb \  ounce. 

Tincture  of  hyoscyamus ^  drachm. 

Peppermint  water 4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  £  ounce  two  or  three  times  a  day,  as  a  mild  cathartic. 

Meigs. 

Dr.  Bartholow  substitutes  tincture  of  gelsemium  for  tincture  of  hyos- 
cyamus in  this  mixture. 


MAGNESII   CITKAS— CITEATE   OF  MAGNESIUM. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Liquor  Magnesii  Citratis  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.).— Solution  of  Citrate  of 

Magnesium. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  magnesium 200  grains. 

Citric  acid 400  grains. 

Syrup  of  citric  acid 2  ounces. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium 40  grains. 

Water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  acid  in  4  ounces  of  water,  add  the  carbonate,  and  stir 
until  dissolved.     Filter  into  a  twelve-ounce  bottle  containing  the  syrup,  add 


254  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

the  bicarbonate,  and  sufficient  water  to  nearly  fill  the  bottle  ;  cork,  and 
fasten  with  wire  or  twine. 

Dose  :  4  to  6  ounces,  laxative  ;  6  to  12  ounces,  purgative. 

A  pleasant,  but  rather  unreliable  preparation. 

EFFERVESCING  CITRATE  OF  MAGNESIUM  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  magnesium .   25  parts. 

Citric  acid 75  parts. 

Mix,  form  into  a  thick  paste  with  distilled  water,  and  dry,  at  or  below 
86°. 

Take  of  This  mass 14  parts. 

Bicarbonate  of  sodium 13  parts. 

Citric  acid 6  parts. 

White  sugar 3  parts. 

Mix,  moisten  with  sufficient  alcohol,  pass  through  a  sieve  to  form  a 
coarse  granular  powder,  and  dry. 


MAGNESII    SULPHAS   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SULPHATE  OF 
MAGNESIUM— EPSOM  SALT. 

Sulphate  of  magnesium  is  a  constituent  of  sea-water,  and  of  the  waters 
of  many  mineral  springs,  and  is  prepared  on  a  large  scale  from  the  mineral 
magnesite. 

It  occurs  in  transparent,  colorless  crystals,  resembling  those  of  oxalic 
acid,  and  has  a  bitter,  saline  taste.  It  is  a  mild,  but  effective,  cooling  pur- 
gative. 

Dose :  2  drachms  to  1  ounce. 

MIXTURES  OF  SULPHATE  OF  MAGNESIUM. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  magnesium 1  drachm. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid 10  minims. 

Syrup  of  red  poppies 30  minims. 

Spearmint  water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Westminster  Hospital. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  magnesium 80  grains. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium 10  grains. 

Peppermint  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  close.  Guy's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  magnesium 1  drachm. 

Gallic  acid 10  grains. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid 5  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Eoyal  Chest  Hospital. 


MAGNOLIA.  255 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  magnesium 20  grains. 

Sulphate  of  iron 1  grain. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid 10  minims. 

Peppermint  water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Middlesex  Hospital. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  magnesium 1  drachm. 

Sulphate  of  quinia 1  grain. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid 4  minims. 

Syrup  of  ginger 1  drachm. 

Dill  water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Samaritan  Hospital. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  magnesium 1  drachm. 

Tincture  of  rhubarb 2  drachms. 

Syrup  of  ginger 1  drachm. 

Caraway  water 10  drachms. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  for  a  child  one  year  old.     In  diarrhoea. 

West. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  magnesium 20  grains. 

Nitrate  of  potassium 10  grains. 

Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonium 2  drachms. 

Syrup  of  lemon £  ounce. 

Water to  4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  2  drachms  for  a  child  two  years  old. 

Samaritan  Hospital. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  magnesium ^  ounce. 

Syrup  of  seneka £  ounce. 

Syrup  of  squill ^  ounce. 

Tincture  of  hyoscyamus 1  ounce. 

Compound  mixture  of  liquorice 2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose :  2  drachms  every  four  hours,  in   subacute  and  chronic 
bronchitis  of  adults.  H.  S.  Dessau. 


MAGNOLIA  (U.  S.)— MAGNOLIA. 

The  bark  of  Magnolia  acuminata,  L.  (cucumber  tree)  ;  M.  glauca,  L. 
(sweet-bay)  ;  and  M.  Umbrella,  Lam.  (Umbrella  tree) ;  (Nat.  ord.,  Magnoli- 
acece),  trees  indigenous  to  the  United  States,  and  growing  most  abundantly 
in  the  southern  portions. 

Magnolia  bark  has  an  aromatic,  bitter  taste,  and  possesses  aromatic, 
stimulant,  and  tonic  properties.  In  hot  decoction  it  is  employed  to  pro- 
duce diaphoresis  in  acute  inflammatory  and  febrile  affections. 

Dose  :      to  1  drachm. 


256  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

DECOCTION  OF  MAGNOLIA. 

Take  of  Magnolia 1  ounce. 

Water H  pint. 

Boil  to  1  pint,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 


MALTUM— MALT. 

Barley  is  generally  employed  in  the  preparation  of  malt,  though  not  ex- 
clusively. The  grain  is  soaked  in  water,  spread  out  until  it  has  germin- 
ated, and  then  dried.  It  has  an  agreeable  odor,  a  sweet  taste,  and  yields 
to  water  a  brown  infusion,  which,  properly  evaporated,  constitutes  the  ex- 
tract of  malt  so  well  known. 

Malt  is  nutritious  and  easily  digested,  and  has  been  very  much  em- 
ployed the  past  few  years  in  chronic  and  wasting  diseases. 

PREPARATIONS. 

EXTRACT  OF  MALT  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Barley  malt 1  part. 

Water 5  parts. 

Mix  the  malt  with  1  part  of  water,  macerate  three  hours,  add  the  re- 
mainder, and  digest,  at  or  below  140°,  for  an  hour  ;  heat  to  212°,  express, 
strain,  and  evaporate  to  a  thick  extract. 

FERRATED  EXTRACT  OF  MALT  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Extract  of  malt 95  parts. 

Pyrophosphate  of  iron  with  citrate  of  ammon- 
ium        2  parts. 

Water 3  parts. 

Dissolve  the  iron  in  the  water,  and  mix  with  the  extract. 


MANGANESIUM— MANGANESE. 

MANGANESII   OXIDDM  NIGKUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— BLACK 
OXIDE   OF   MANGANESE. 

Occurs  as  a  bog  ore  in  many  sections  of  the  country.  It  is  generally 
an  amorphous  powder,  of  a  dull  black  color,  and  without  odor  or  taste.  It 
is  used  chemically  in  the  preparation  of  chlorine,  and  therapeutically,  with 
excellent  results,  in  painful  indigestion,  gastralgia,  gastric  ulcer,  etc. 

Dose  :  2  to  10  grains. 


SULPHATE    OF    MANGANESE MANNA.  257 

OINTMENT  OF  OXEDE  OF  MANGANESE. 

Take  of  Oxide  of  manganese 1  ounce. 

Sulphur 1  ounce. 

Hard  soap 1  ounce. 

Lard 3  drachms. 

Mix.     Used  in  porrigo.  Bartholvw. 


MANGANESII  SULPHAS  (U.  S.,  Fr.)— SULPHATE  OF  MAN- 
GANESE. 

Prepared  by  treating  black  oxide  of  manganese  with  sulphuric  acid, 
evaporating  to  dryness,  and  heating  to  redness,  in  order  to  decompose  the 
sulphate  of  iron  present  as  an  impurity.  The  mass  is  then  mixed  with 
water,  filtered,  evaporated,  and  crystallized. 

It  occurs  in  pale  red  crystals,  of  a  styptic  taste,  and  freely  soluble  in 
water.  Used  as  a  cholagogue. 

Dose  :  2  to  10  grains. 

PELLS  OF  SULPHATE  OF  MANGANESE  AND  Ox  BILE. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  manganese,  dried 40  grains. 

Purified  ox  bile 1  drachm. 

Resin  of  podophyllum 5  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  20  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  three  times  a  day,  in  catarrhal  jaundice.          Bartholow. 


MANNA   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— MANNA. 

A  concrete  exudation  from  Fraxinus  Ornus,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Oleacece),  a 
tree  growing  in  Southern  Italy.  Manna  occurs  in  irregular  shaped  pieces, 
from  one  to  six  inches  long,  of  a  white  or  yellowish-white  color,  a  honey-like 
odor,  and  has  a  sweetish,  and  afterward,  acrid  taste.  It  contains  a  pecu- 
liar saccharine  principle,  termed  mannite,  a  little  sugar,  and  a  resin  to 
which  it  owes  its  cathartic  properties. 

It  is  nutritive  and  laxative.  On  account  of  its  agreeable  taste  it  is 
easily  administered  to  children. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms  for  children ;  1  to  2  ounces  for  adults. 

PREPARATIONS. 

SYRUP  OF  MANNA  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Manna. 3  parts. 

Distilled  water 12  parts. 

White  sugar 16  parts. 

Dissolve  the  manna  in  the  water,  filter,  add  the  sugar,  and  heat  to  the 
boiling  point. 
17 


258  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

TROCHES  OF  MANNA  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Manna 150  parts. 

Sugar 800  parts. 

Gum  arable 50  parts. 

Orange  flower  water 75  parts. 

Dissolve  the  manna  in  the  water  with  a  gentle  heat,  and  strain ;  add  the 
gum,  previously  mixed  with  twice  its  weight  of  sugar,  then  the  remainder 
of  the  sugar,  and  divide  into  troches  of  15  grains  each. 


MASTICHE  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— MASTIC. 

A  concrete  resinous  exudation  from  the  bark  of  Pistacia  Lentiscus,  L. 
(Nat.  ord.,  Anacardiacece),  a  shrub  or  small  tree  indigenous  to  the  coasts  of 
the  Mediterranean. 

Mastic  occurs  in  roundish  tears  about  the  size  of  peas,  of  a  yellow  or 
greenish  color,  and  a  balsamic  odor.  Whatever  medicinal  properties  it 
possesses  are  of  a  terebinthinate  character. 

Dose  :  2  to  5  grains. 

PREPARATION. 

ETHEREAL  TINCTURE  OF  MASTIC  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Mastic at  will. 

Prepare  a  saturated  tincture  by  maceration  in  a  menstruum  composed 
of  89  parts  of  pure  ether  and  36  parts  of  alcohol  (90$). 
Used  to  fill  the  cavities  of  aching  teeth. 
See  Pilulce  Aloes  et  Mastiches. 


MATICO  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— MATICO. 

The  leaves  of  Piper  angustifolium,  Euiz  and  Pav.  (Nat.  ord.,  Piperaceoe), 
a  shrub  growing  in  South  America. 

Matico  is  an  agreeable  aromatic  tonic,  and  appears  to  exert  its  influ- 
ence mainly  upon  the  mucous  membranes,  particularly  those  of  the 
genito-urinary  organs.  It  is  used,  both  internally  and  locally,  as  a  haemo- 
static. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  Matico  Fluidum  (U.  S. )— Fluid  Extract  of  Matico. 

Take  of  Matico 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  12  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  1  of  water,  moisten  the 
matico  with  -J  pint  of  the  mixture  and  proceed  according  to  the  general 


GERMAN   CHAMOMILE.  259 

formula,  page  161.     Finish  the  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol,  reserve  14 
ounces,  and  add  1  ounce  of  glycerin  to  the  remainder,  before  evaporation. 
Dose  :  20  to  60  minims. 


INFUSION  OF  MATICO  (Br.). 

Take  of  Matico  leaves £  ounce. 

Boiling  distilled  water 10  ounces. 

Infuse  for  half  an  hour,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  4  ounces. 

Either  of  the  above  preparations  fairly  represents  the  leaves,  and  may 
be  used  instead  of  them,  except  when  a  styptic  effect  is  desired  ;  in  the  lat- 
ter case  the  leaves  are  applied  in  substance  to  the  bleeding  part. 

The  so-called  "  injections  "  and  "  capsules  of  matico"  contain,  according 
to  Bumstead,  no  matico  whatever. 


MATKICABIA  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.^GEEMAN  CHAMOMILE. 

The  flower  heads  of  Matricaria  Chamomilla,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Compositce), 
a  common  European  plant.  The  flowers  are  smaller  than  those  of  chamo- 
mile,  but  possess  similar  properties,  and  are  often  substituted  for  them. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 

EXTRACT  OF  GERMAN  CHAMOMILE  (Ger.). 

Take  of  German  chamomile 2  parts. 

Exhaust  by  maceration  in  diluted  alcohol,  and  evaporate  to  a  thick  ex- 
tract. 

Dose  :  2  to  10  grains. 

INFUSION  OF  GERMAN  CHAMOMILE  (Ger.). 

Take  of  German  chamomile 1  part 

Boiling  water 5  parts. 

Infuse  until  cold,  then  express  and  strain. 
Dose  :  £  to  1  ounce. 

Made  according  to  the  general  formula  for  infusions  of  the  German 
Pharmacopoeia. 

OIL  OF  GERMAN  CHAMOMILE  (Ger.). 

A  thick  oil  obtained  from  German  chamomile  by  distillation. 
Dose  :  3  to  10  minims. 


260  MEDICAL    FORMULAKY. 

INFUSED  OIL  or  GERMAN  CHAMOMILE  (Ger.). 

Take  of  German  chamomile 2  parts. 

Alcohol 1  part. 

Olive  oil 20  parts. 

Mix  the  alcohol  with  the  chamomile,  set  aside  in  a  covered  vessel  for  a 
few  hours,  then  add  the  oil,  digest  until  the  alcohol  is  evaporated,  express 
and  filter.  Used  as  an  embrocation. 

SYRUP  OF  GERMAN  CHAMOMILE  (Ger.). 

Take  of  German  chamomile 3  parts. 

Boiling  distilled  water 15  parts. 

Macerate  a  few  hours,  and,  in  10  parts  of  the  filtered  liquid,  dissolve  18 
parts  of  sugar.  Used  as  a  vehicle. 

CHAMOMILE  WATER  (Ger.). 

Take  of  German  chamomile 1  part. 

Water sufficient. 

Distil  10  parts.     Used  as  a  vehicle. 


MEL  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— HONEY. 

A  saccharine  liquid  collected  from  flowers  by  the  common  honey-bee 
(Apis  mellifica,  L.),  and  deposited  in  the  honey-comb. 
Used  chiefly  as  a  vehicle. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Mel  Despumatum — Clarified  Honey. 

Take  of  Honey a  convenient  quantity. 

Melt  by  means  of  a  water-bath,  and  remove  the  scum. 

HYDROMEL  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Clarified  honey 1  pare. 

Warm  water 10  parts. 

Dissolve,  and  strain.     A  slightly  laxative  drink. 

OXYMEL  (Br.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Clarified  honey  (by  weight) 40  ounces. 

Acetic  acid 5  ounces. 

Distilled  water 5  ounces. 

Liquefy  the  honey  by  heat,  then  mix  \\ith  the  acid  and  water. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 

The  German  Pharmacopoeia  employs  1  part  of  acid  with  40  parts  of 
honey. 


BALM.  261 

SYRUP  OF  HONEY  (Fr.). 
Take  of  Honey  ...................................     4  parts. 

Water  ...................................     1  part. 

i'x3  skim,  clarify,  and  strain.     Used  as  a  vehicle. 


SUPPOSITORIES  OP  HONEY  (Fr.). 
Take  of  honey  ..............................  a  convenient  quantity. 

Boil  until  it  solidifies  on  cooling,  then  pour  into  moulds  having  the  ca- 
pacity of  1  drachm  each. 

HONEY  COUGH  MIXTURE.  f 

Take  of  Honey  ...................................  1  part. 

Jamaica  rum  .............................  1  part. 

Lemon  juice  ..............................  1  part. 

Mix.     Dose  :  ^  ounce  every  two  or  three  hours,  in  the  chronic  bronchi- 
tis of  old  people. 


MELISSA  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— BALM. 

The  leaves  and  tops  of  Melissa  officinalis,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Labiatce),  an 
herbaceous  perennial  indigenous  to  the  old  world,  but  naturalized  in  this 
country. 

Balm  possesses  the  stimulant  and  aromatic  properties  common  to  many 
of  the  labiatse.  In  hot  decoction  it  is  used  as  a  diaphoretic. 

Dose  :  2  to  4  drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 

BALM  WATER  (Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Balm  tops,  fresh 1  part. 

Water suflicient. 

Distil  1  part.     Used  as  a  vehicle. 

COMPOUND  SPIRIT  OF  BALM  (Ger.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Balm  leaves 14  parts. 

Lemon  peel 12  parts. 

Coriander  seeds 6  parts. 

Nutmeg 6  parts. 

Cassia  bark 3  parts. 

Cloves 3  parts. 

Mix,  bruise,  and  add  of  alcohol 150  parts. 

Water 250  parts. 

Distil  200  parts. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms,  as  a  stomachic  and  carminative. 


262  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


MENTHA   PIPEEITA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)- PEPPERMINT. 

The  leaves  and  tops  of  Mentha  piperita,  L.  (Nat.  ord.t  Labiatce),  a  per- 
ennial herb  which  grows  freely  in  all  temperate  regions.  It  is  extensively 
cultivated  in  -this  country  for  the  oil  which  it  yields  by  distillation. 

Peppermint  has  a  pungent,  biting  taste,  followed  by  a  cooling  and  re- 
freshing sensation.  It  is  a  stimulant  and  carminative,  besides  having  fee- 
ble anodyne  powers.  It  is  frequently  used  to  relieve  the  pains  of  flatulent 
colic,  to  expel  flatus,  to  arrest  vomiting,  etc. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Aqua  Menthae  Piperitae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Peppermint  Water. 

Take  of  Oil  of  peppermint \  drachm. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium 1  drachm. 

Distilled  water 2  pints. 

Hub  the  oil  first  with  the  carbonate,  then  with  the  water  added  grad- 
ually, and  filter.  Or,  mix  18  ounces  of  peppermint  with  16  pints  of  water, 
and  distil  8  pints.  Used  as  a  vehicle. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  :  oil  of  peppermint,  1-j-  drachm  ; 
water,  1£  gallon  ;  distil  1  gallon.  The  French  Codex  and  German  Phar- 
macopoeia direct  to  distil  from  the  fresh  and  dried  plant,  respectively. 

Oleum  Menthae  Piperitae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Oil  of  Peppermint. 

The  oil  obtained  from  peppermint  by  distillation. 
Dose  :  1  to  3  minims. 

Spiritus  Menthae  Piperitae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Spirit  of  Peppermint- 
Essence  of  Peppermint. 

Take  of  Oil  of  peppermint 1  ounce. 

Peppermint,  coarsely  powdered 2  drachms. 

Stronger  alcohol  . .  \ 15  ounces. 

Dissolve  the  oil  in  the  alcohol,  add  the  peppermint,  macerate  twenty- 
four  hours,  and  filter. 

Dose  :  5  to  30  minims. 

The  British  preparation  of  the  same  name  has  the  strength  of  1  vol- 
ume of  oil  to  49  of  alcohol,  while  its  preparation  known  as  essence  of  pep- 
permint has  the  strength  of  1  to  4.  The  German  spirit  has  the  strength  of 
1  to  9,  and  the  French  is  prepared  by  distillation  from  the  fresh  plant. 


SPEARMINT.  263 

Trochisci  Menthae  Piperitae  (U.  S.,  Fr.)— Troches  of  Peppermint. 

Take  of  Oil  of  peppermint 1  drachm. 

Sugar 12  ounces. 

Mucilage  of  tragacanth sufficient. 

Rub  the  oil  and  sugar  together,  then  with  the  mucilage  form  a  mass,  to 
be  divided  into  480  troches. 

Dose  :  1  or  2  troches,  as  required. 

SYBUP  or  PEPPERMINT  (Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Peppermint  water 50  parts. 

White  sugar 95  parts. 

Dissolve  without  heat,  and  filter.     Used  as  a  vehicle. 
The  German  preparation  is  made  in  the  same  manner  as  syrup  of  spear- 
mint, which  see. 


MENTHA  VIRIDIS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SPEARMINT. 

The  leaves  and  tpps  of  Mentha  viridis,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Labiatce),  a  peren- 
nial herb  indigenous  to  the  Old  World,  but  long  since  naturalized  here. 

Spearmint,  like  peppermint,  is  an  aromatic  stimulant  and  carminative, 
but  is  less  efficient,  and,  to  most  persons,  less  agreeable.  It  is  used  for 
the  same  purposes.  The  French  Codex  and  German  Pharmacopoeia  recog- 
nize Mentha  crispa,  L.,  a  closely  allied  species. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Aqua  Menthae  Viridis  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)— Spearmint  Water. 

Take  of  Oil  of  spearmint |  drachm. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium 1  drachm. 

Distilled  water 2  pints. 

Rub  the  oil  first  with  the  carbonate,  then  with  the  water  added  gradually, 
and  filter.  Or  mix  18  ounces  of  spearmint  with  16  pints  of  water,  and 
distil  8  pints.  Used  as  a  vehicle. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  :  oil  of  spearmint,  1£  drachm  ;  water, 
1£  gallon  ;  distil  1  gallon.  The  German  Pharmacopoeia  directs  to  distil 
from  the  dried  plant. 

Oleum  Menthae  Viridis  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)— Oil  of  Spearmint 

The  oil  obtained  from  spearmint  by  distillation. 
Dose  :  1  to  5  minims. 


264  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Spiritus  Menthae  Viridis  (U.  S.,  Ger.) — Spirit  of  Spearmint — Essence 

of  Spearmint. 

Take  of  Oil  of  spearmint 1  ounce. 

Spearmint 2  drachms. 

Stronger  alcohol. 15  ounces. 

Dissolve  the  oil  in  the  alcohol,  add  the  spearmint,  macerate  for  twenty- 
four  hours,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  5  to  30  minims. 
The  German  preparation  has  the  strength  of  1  to  9. 

SYRUP  OF  SPEARMINT  (Curled  Mint,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Spearmint 3  parts. 

Boiling  distilled  water 15  parts. 

Macerate  a  few  hours,  and,  in  10  parts  of  the  filtered  liquid,  dissolve 
18  parts  of  sugar.     Used  as  a  vehicle. 

COMPOUND  INFUSION  OF  SPEARMINT. 

Take  of  Spearmint 2  ounces. 

Bed  rose  petals 80  grains. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid 2  drachms. 

Sugar. . . 1-|  ounce. 

Boiling  water 20  ounces. 

Macerate  half  an  hour,  strain,  and  add  the  sugar. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces.  Guy's  Hospital. 


MEZEREUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— MEZEREOK 

The  bark  of  Daphne  Mezereum,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Thymelacece),  a  shrub  in- 
digenous to  Northern  Europe. 

Formerly  very  popular  as  a  remedy  for  syphilis,  chronic  rheumatism, 
and  other  chronic  diseases,  but  now  seldom  used.  Applied  locally  it  is  an 
irritant,  and,  in  the  form  of  an  ointment  is  used  to  maintain  the  discharge 
from  blistered  surfaces.  It  is  a  constituent  of  compound  decoction  of 
sarsaparilla. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  Mezerei  Fluidum  (U.  S.)— Fluid  Extract  of  Mezereon. 

Take  of  Mezereon 16  ounces. 

Stronger  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  mezereon  with  6  ounces  of  the  alcohol,  and  proceed  ac- 
cording to  the  general  formula,  page  161. 
Dose  :  1  to  10  minims. 


MORPHINE.  265 

Unguentum  Mezerei  (U.  S.,  Ger.)—  Mezereon  Ointment. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  mezereon 4  ounces. 

Lard 14  ounces. 

Yellow  wax 2  ounces. 

Melt  the  lard  and  wax  together,  add  the  mezereon,  and  stir  until  the 
alcohol  has  evaporated  and  the  mass  has  become  cool. 

EXTRACT  OF  MEZEREON  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Mezereon 1  part 

Alcohol 7  parts. 

Exhaust  the  mezereon  by  maceration  with  the  alcohol,  and  evaporate  to 
a  thin  extract. 

ETHEREAL  EXTRACT  OF  MEZEREON  (Br.). 

Take  of  Mezereon 1  pound  (avoir. ). 

Rectified  spirit 8  pints  (imp.). 

Ether 1  pint  (imp.). 

Exhaust  the  mezereon  by  maceration  in  the  spirit,  and  evaporate  to 
a  soft  extract.  Put  this  into  a  bottle  with  the  ether,  macerate  twenty-four 
hours,  shaking  frequently,  decant,  and  evaporate  the  ethereal  solution  to  a 
soft  extract. 

Used  in  Compound  Liniment  of  Mustard,  Br. 


MOEPHIA  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)  MOKPHIA— MORPHINE. 

Take  of  Opium,  sliced 12  ounces. 

Water  of  ammonia 6  ounces. 

Animal  charcoal sufficient. 

Alcohol . ; sufficient 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Macerate  the  opium  with  4  pints  of  distilled  water  for  twenty-four 
hours,  work  it  with  the  hands,  macerate  twenty-four  hours  longer,  and  strain. 
Macerate  the  residue  twice  successively  in  like  manner,  and  strain  ;  mix  the 
infusions,  evaporate  to  6  pints,  and  filter.  Then  add  5  pints  of  alcohol,  and 
afterward  3  ounces  of  water  of  ammonia,  previously  mixed  with  ^  pint  of 
alcohol.  After  twenty-four  hours,  pour  on  the  remainder  of  the  water  of 
ammonia,  previously  mixed  with  4-  pint  of  alcohol,  and  set  aside  for  twenty- 
four  hours  to  crystallize.  Boil  the  crystals  with  2  pints  of  alcohol,  filter, 
while  hot,  through  animal  charcoal,  and  set  aside  to  crystallize. 

Morphia,  thus  prepared,  is  in  colorless  crystals,  almost  insoluble  in 
water,  but  freely  soluble  in  boiling  alcohol. 

Dose  :  -£  to  £  grain.     Seldom  used  except  in  the  form  of  its  salts. 


266  MEDICAL   FOBMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Morphias  Acetas  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)— Acetate  of  Morphia. 

Take  of  Morphia 1  ounce. 

Distilled  water i  pint. 

Acetic  acid sufficient. 

Mix  the  morphia  with  the  water,  carefully  add  acetic  acid  until  the 
morphia  is  neutralized  and  dissolved,  evaporate  to  a  syrupy  consistence, 
then  set  aside  till  it  concretes.  Lastly,  dry  with  a  gentle  heat,  and  rub 
into  powder. 

Dose  :  £  to  J  grain. 

Morphiae  Hydrochloras  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Hydrochlorate  of  Morphia 

— Muriate  of  Morphia. 

Take  of  Morphia 1  ounce. 

Distilled  water 4  ounces. 

Hydrochloric  acid sufficient. 

Mix  the  morphia  with  the  water,  carefully  add  hydrochloric  acid  until 
the  morphia  is  neutralized  and  dissolved,  evaporate,  and  crystallize.  Lastly, 
drain  the  crystals,  and  dry  them  on  bibulous  paper. 

Dose  :  £  to  J  grain. 

Morphias  Sulphas  (U.   S.,   Fr.,  Ger.).— Sulphate  of  Morphia. 

Take  of  Morphia 1  ounce. 

Distilled  water -J  pint. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid sufficient. 

Mix  the  morphia  with  the  water,  carefully  add  diluted  sulphuric  acid 
until  the  morphia  is  neutralized  and  dissolved,  evaporate,  and  crystallize. 
Lastly,  drain  the  crystals,  and  dry  them  on  bibulous  paper. 

Dose  :  £  to  £  grain. 

Liquor  Morphias  Sulphatis  (U.  S.) — Solution  of  Sulphate  of  Morphia. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  morphia 8  grains. 

Distilled  water -J  pint. 

Dissolve. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms. 

There  is  no  good  reason  why  this  preparation  should  be  officinal.  It 
has  no  advantage  over  extemporaneous  solutions,  and,  besides,  it  is  liable 
to  be  mistaken  for  Magendie's  Solution  of  Morphia,  which  contains  16  grains 
of  sulphate  of  morphia  to  1  ounce  of  water.  This  latter  solution  is  a  very 
convenient  one  for  hypodermic  use. 


MORPHINE.  267 

Suppositoria  Morphiae  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Suppositories  of  Morphia. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  morphia ' 6  grains. 

Oil  of  theobroma 354  grains. 

Mix  the  morphia  with  1  drachm  of  the  oil,  then,  having  melted  the  re- 
mainder and  cooled  it  to  95°,  mix  all  together,  and  pour  into  suitable 
moulds,  making  12  suppositories. 

An  eligible  form  in  which  to  administer  morphia  by  the  rectum  or 
vagina. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  employs  hydrochlorate  of  morphia,  and  a 
mixture  of  oil  of  theobroma,  white  wax,  and  benzoated  lard. 

Trochisci  Morphiae  et  Ipecacuanhas  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Troches  of  Mor- 
phia and  Ipecacuanha. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  morphia 12  grains. 

Ipecacuanha 40  grains. 

Sugar „ 10  ounces. 

Oil  of  gaultheria 5  minims. 

Mucilage  of  tragacanth sufficient. 

Rub  the  powders  together,  add  the  oil,  and  with  the  mucilage  form  a 
mass,  to  be  divided  into  480  troches. 

Dose  :  1  to  6  troches. 

Used  to  allay  cough  and  to  promote  expectoration. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  employs  hydrochlorate  of  morphia  in  nearly 
the  same  proportion.  There  are  also  officinal  in  the  British  Pharmacopoeia 
Troches  of  Morphia,  made  in  the  same  manner,  and  of  the  same  strength,  but 
without  ipecacuanha. 

SOLUTION  OF  ACETATE  OF  MORPHIA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Acetate  of  morphia 4  grains. 

Diluted  acetic  acid 8  minims. 

Rectified  spirit 2  drachms. 

Distilled  water 6  drachms. 

Mix  the  acid,  spirit,  and  water,  and  dissolve  the  morphia  in  the  mixture. 
Dose  :  10  to  60  minims. 

SOLUTION  OF  HYDROCHLORATE  OF  MORPHIA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Hydrochlorate  of  morphia 4  grains. 

Diluted  hydrochloric  acid 8  minims. 

Rectified  spirit 2  drachms. 

Distilled  water 6  drachms. 

Mix  the  acid,  spirit,  and  water,  and  dissolve  the  morphia  in  the  mixture. 
Dose  :  10  to  60  minims. 


268  MEDICAL    FORMULAE Y. 

PILLS  OF  HYDROCHLORATE  OF  MORPHIA  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Hydrochlorate  of  morphia 15  grains. 

Sugar  of  milk 15  grains. 

Honey sufficient. 

Mix,  and  form  a  mass,  to  be  divided  into  100  pills. 
Dose  :  1  to  3  pills. 

SUPPOSITORIES  OF  MORPHIA  WITH  SOAP  (Br.). 

Take  of  Hydrochlorate  of  morphia 6  grains. 

Glycerin  of  starch 50  grains. 

Curd  soap 100  grains. 

Starch sufficient. 

Mix  the  morphia  with  the  glycerin  of  starch  and  the  soap  ;  add  starch 
to  form  a  paste  of  suitable  consistence,  and  divide  into  12  equal  parts,  each 
of  which  is  to  be  made  into  a  conical  form. 

HYPODERMIC  INJECTION  OF  MORPHIA  (Br.). 

A  slightly  acid  solution  of  acetate  of  morphia,  containing  1  grain  of  the 
salt  in  12  minims. 

Dose  :  1  to  6  minims. 

HYPODERMIC  INJECTION  OF  MORPHIA  AND  ATROPIA. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  atropia i  grain. 

Hypodermic   injection  of  morphia  (Br.) 1  drachm. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  to  4  minims.  London  Hospital. 

COLLYRIUM    OF    MORPHIA. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  morphia 4  to  8  grains. 

Distilled  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.  A  few  drops  to  be  put  in  the  eyes,  when  necessary,  in  conjuncti- 
vitis. Bartholow. 

COLLYRIUM  OF  MORPHIA,  ZINC,  AND  ATROPIA. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  morphia 4  grains. 

Sulphate  of  zinc 2  to  8  grains. 

Sulphate  of  atropia 1  grain. 

Distilled  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.  Used  like  the  preceding,  in  iritis,  and  other  inflammatory  affec- 
tions of  the  eyes.  Bartholow. 

MIXTURE  OF  MORPHIA  AND  HYDROCYANIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Solution  of  hydrochlorate  of  morphia 10  minims. 

Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid 3  minims. 

Spirit  of  chloroform 10  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Westminster  Hospital. 


MOEPHINE.  269 

MIXTURE  OF  MORPHIA  AND  IRON. 

Take  of  Hydrochlorate  of  morphia T^  grain. 

Solution  of  per  chloride  of  iron 15  minims. 

Diluted  hydrocholoric  acid 3  minims. 

Spirit  of  chloroform 10  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital. 

MORPHIA  COUGH  MIXTURES. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  morphia 3  grains. 

Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid £  drachm. 

Syrup  of  seneka 1  ounce. 

Syrup  of  tolu 1  ounce. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  three  or  four  times  a  day.        F.  H.  Bosworth. 

Take  of  Solution  of  sulphate  of  morphia  (U.  S.) 1  ounce. 

Compound  spirit  of  ether 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  three  or  four  times  a  day.        F.  H.  Bosworth. 

Take  of  Sulphate  (or  other  salt)  of  morphia -fa  grain. 

Spirit  of  chloroform 3  minims. 

Glycerin  or  syrup 1  drachm. 

MX.     One  dose.     To  be  taken  frequently,  when  cough  is  troublesome, 
until  the  paroxysm  is  subdued.  Ringer. 

PILLS  OF  MORPHIA  AND  ZINC. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  morphia Ito2  grains. 

Zinc  oxidi £  drachm. 

Mix,  and  make  10  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  three  times  a  day,  before  each  meal,  in  painful  diseases  of 
the  stomach.  Bartholow. 

POWDER  OF  MORPHTA  AND  BISMUTH. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  morphia 1  to  2  grains. 

Subnitrate  or  subcarbonate  of  bismuth 3  drachms. 

Aromatic  powder 1  drachm. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  12  powders. 

Dose  :  a  powder  in  milk  before  each  meal,  in  painful  diseases  of  the 
stomach.  Bartholow. 

TULLY'S  POWDER. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  morphia 1  grain. 

Camphor 20  grains. 

Powdered  liquorice  root 20  grains. 

Prepared  chalk 20  grains. 

Mix.     Dose  :  10  grains,  containing  -J-  grain  of  morphia. 


270  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

POWDER  OF  MORPHIA  AND  QUINIA. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  morphia 1  grain. 

Sulphate  of  quinia 6  grains. 

Capsicum 6  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  6  powders. 

Dose  :  1  powder  every  two  or  three  hours,  in  sick  headache. 

LOTION  OP  MORPHIA  AND  HYDROCYANIC  ACID. 

Take  of  Hydrochlorate  of  morphia 16  grains. 

Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid ^  ounce. 

Borax 2  drachms. 

Glycerin 2  ounces. 

Water to  8  ounces. 

Mix.     Used  in  pruritus  ani.  J-  W.  Wright. 


MOSCHUS   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— MUSK 

A  peculiar  concrete  substance  obtained  from  the  male  musk  deer 
(Moschus  moschiferus,  L.),  which  inhabits  the  mountains  of  Central  Asia. 
The  musk-bag,  situated  between  the  prepuce  and  umbilicus,  is  about  two 
and  a  half  inches  long,  and  one  and  a  half  broad. 

Musk  occurs  in  grains  cemented  together,  more  or  less  mixed  with  hairs ; 
is  of  a  reddish- brown  color,  and  has  a  peculiar,  aromatic  odor,  and  a  bitter 
taste.  It  is  a  powerful  nervous  stimulant  and  antispasmodic.  Used  in  low 
fevers,  and  in  nervous  diseases. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

TINCTURE  OF  MUSK  (Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Musk 1  part. 

Alcohol  (SOfc) ' 10  parts. 

Macerate  ten  days,  express,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  J  to  1  drachm. 

The  German  Pharmacopoeia  employs,  as  a  menstruum,  diluted  alcohol 
and  water,  in  equal  parts,  and  makes  the  strength  1  to  50. 

ETHEREAL  TINCTURE  OF  MUSK  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Musk 1  part. 

Macerate  ten  days  in  10  parts  of  a  menstruum  composed  of  89  parts  of 
pure  ether,  and  36  parts  of  alcohol  (90$),  then  filter. 
Dose  :      to  1  drachm. 


NUTMEG MACE.  271 

MIXTURES  OF  MUSK. 

Take  of  Musk , 15  to  60  grains. 

Infusion  of  valerian. 4  ounces. 

Spirit  of  orange  flowers 1  ounce.    %. 

Mix.     Dose  :  J  ounce  every  two  hours,  in  ataxic  fevers,  and  typhoid 
pneumonia.  Guibourt. 

Take  of  Musk 1  drachm. 

Ether 1£  drachm. 

Tincture  of  opium 1£  drachm. 

Cinnamon  water 2J  ounces. 

Syrup 1£  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose :  J  ounce  three  times  a  day,  in  the  subsultus  of  typhoid, 
and  other  low  and  malignant  fevers.  Horace  Green. 


MYRISTICA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— NUTMEG. 
MACIS  (U.  S.,  Fr.)— MACE. 

These  are  obtained  from  the  fruit  of  Myristica  fragrans,  Houttuyn  (Nat. 
ord.,  Myristicece) ,  an  evergreen  tree  indigenous  to  the  East  India  Islands, 
but  cultivated  in  numerous  tropical  countries.  Nutmeg  is  the  seed,  while 
mace  is  its  immediate  covering,  both  being  covered  by  an  outer  rind,  or 
pericarp. 

Nutmeg  and  mace  are  pleasant  aromatics,  and  are  used  mainly  as 
flavoring  agents.  Both  yield  a  volatile  oil  by  distillation,  and  nutmeg  con- 
tains a  large  percentage  of  fixed  oil,  or  fat. 

Dose  :  Of  either,  5  to  20  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Oleum  Myristicse  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)— Oil  of  Nutmeg. 
The  oil  obtained  from  nutmeg  by  distillation. 
Dose  :  1  to  3  minims. 

Spiritus  Myristicae  (U.  S.) — Spirit  of  I7utmeg. 

Take  of  Oil  of  nutmeg 1  ounce. 

Stronger  alcohol 3  pints. 

Dissolve. 

Dose  :  %  to  1  drachm. 

EXPRESSED  OIL  OF  NUTMEG  (Br.,  Fr.,  Ger.). 

A  concrete  oil  obtained  from  nutmeg  by  means  of  heat  and  expression. 
Used  as  an  embrocation,  and  in  making  plasters  and  cerates. 


272  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

NUTMEG  CERATE  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Expressed  oil  of  nutmeg 6  parts. 

Olive  oil 2  parts. 

Yellow  wax 1  part. 

Melt  together. 


MYRRHA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— MYRRH. 

A  gum-resin  which  exudes  from  Balsamodendron  Myrrha,  Nees.  (Nat. 
ord.,  Amyridacece),  a  small  tree  of  Arabia  Felix.  It  occurs  in  small,  semi- 
transparent,  reddish-yellow  tears,  of  a  peculiar,  agreeable  odor,  and  a  bit- 
ter, aromatic  taste. 

Myrrh  is  a  stimulant  and  tonic,  which  exerts  an  influence  chiefly  upon 
the  mucous  membranes,  hence  its  use  in  bronchitis,  leucorrhcea,  and  cystitis. 
It  acts  as  an  emmenagogue  by  virtue  of  its  tonic  properties.  Locally  it  is 
used  as  an  astringent  for  relaxed  or  spongy  gums. 

Dose  :  5  to  30  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Tinctura  Myrrhae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Tincture  of  Myrrh. 

Take  of  Myrrh 3  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  \  to  1  drachm. 

EXTRACT  OF  MYRRH  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Myrrh 1  part. 

Distilled  water 5  parts. 

Macerate  two  days,  decant,  filter,  and  evaporate  to  a  dry  extract. 

GARGLES  OF  MYRRH. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  myrrh \  ounce. 

Glycerite  of  borax i  to  1^  ounce. 

Water to  10  ounces. 

Mix.    .  Astringent.  G.  M.  Lefferts. 

Take  of  Borax 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  myrrh 1  ounce. 

Glycerin 2  ounces. 

"Water 8  ounces. 

Mix.  N.  W.  Dispensary* 


mix  VOMICA.  273 

MIXTURES  OF  MYRRH. 

Take  of  Myrrh 40  grains. 

Decoction  of  liquorice to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Guy's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  myrrh 4  ounces. 

Tincture  of  saffron 3  ounces. 

Tincture  of  aloes 3  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose :   1  to   3   drachms  twice   a  day,   as  an  emmenagogue,  in 
chlorosis.      Known  as  Elixir  of  Paracelsus. 


STUX  YOMICA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— NUX  YOMICA. 

The  seeds  of  Strychnos  Nux-vomica,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Loganiaceoe),  a  tree 
growing  in  various  parts  of  India,  which  bears  fruit  of  the  size,  shape,  and 
color  of  an  orange,  and  containing  from  one  to  five  seeds  imbedded  in  a 
juicy  pulp.  The  seeds  are  nearly  round,  less  than  one  inch  in  diameter, 
about  a  quarter  of  an  inch  thick,  convex  on  one  side,  concave  on  the  other, 
and  have  an  extremely  bitter  taste.  They  contain  two  active  principles, 
strychnia  and  brucia,  to  which  the  medicinal  effects  of  the  drug  are  due. 

Nux  vomica  is  a  powerful  excitant  of  the  cerebro-spinal  system,  and  in 
overdoses  produces  tetanic  convulsions  and  death.  In  small  doses  it  is  an 
excellent  tonic,  especially  of  the  nervous  system,  and  is  both  diuretic  and 
laxative.  It  is  much  used  in  paralysis  when  not  caused  by  structural 
lesions,  in  chorea,  incontinence  of  urine,  neuralgia,  dyspepsia,  etc. 

Strychnia  is  more  generally  employed  than  nux  vomica,  since,  clinically, 
there  seems  to  be  little,  if  any,  difference  in  their  therapeutic  effects,  while 
the  former  is  much  more  certain  than  the  latter. 

Dose  :  1  to  5  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Ixtractum  Nucis  Vomicae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Extract  of  Nux  Vomica. 

Take  of  Nux  vomica 12  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Exhaust  the  nux  vomica  by  percolation  with  alcohol,  and  evaporate  to 
proper  consistence. 
Dose  :  J  to  £  grain. 

The  German  Pharmacopoeia  prepares  also  an  aqueous  extract. 
18 


274  MEDICAL    FOKMULAKY. 

Tinctura  Nucis  Vomicae  (IT.  S.  et  aL  Ph.) — Tincture  of  Nux  Vomica. 

Take  of  Nux  vomica 8  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

By  digestion  and  percolation  obtain  2  pints  of  tincture. 
Dose  :  10  to  30  minims. 

The  British  and  German  Pharmacopoeias  direct  1  part  of  nux  vomica 
to  10  of  alcohol ;  the  French  Codex,  1  to  5. 

ETHEREAL  TINCTURE  OF  Nux  VOMICA  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Nux  vomica 1  part. 

Spirit  of  ether 10  parts. 

Prepare  the  tincture  by  maceration. 
Dose  :  10  to  30  minims. 

MIXTURES  OF  Nux  VOMICA. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  nux  vomica 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  capsicum 6  drachms. 

Mix.  Dose  :  20  drops  in  water  every  four  hours.  Used  to  diminish 
the  craving  for  stimulants  when  they  are  withdrawn,  and  to  sustain  the 
nervous  system.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  nux  vomica 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  aloes  and  myrrh 6  drachms. 

Mix.  Dose  :  15  to  30  drops  two  or  three  times  a  day,  in  habitual  con- 
stipation. Bartholow. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  nux  vomica 7^-  minims. 

Diluted  nitric  acid 10  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  University  College  Hospital. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  nux  vomica 10  minims. 

Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 10  minims. 

Water to  1  drachm. 

Mix.     One  dose.     To  be  taken  thrice  daily,  after  meals. 

Hospital  Formulary. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  nux  vomica 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 6  drachms. 

Mix.     Dose  :  10  to  15  drops.  N.  W.  Dispensary. 

PILLS  OF  Nux  VOMICA. 

Take  of  Extract  of  nux  vomica 5  grains. 

Reduced  iron 20  grains. 

Sulphate  of  quinia 10  grains. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  20  pills.     One  to  be  taken  three  times  a  day,  after 

meals,  in  nervous  headache.  Hammond. 


OIL    OF    CADE OIL    OF    CAJUPUT.  275 

Take  of  Extract  of  nux  vomica £  grain. 

Compound  extract  of  colocynth 1  grain. 

Extract  of  henbane 1  grain. 

Compound  rhubarb  pill 1  grain. 

Make  1  pilL  London  Hospital. 

WALKER'S  PILLS. 

Take  of  Extract  of  mix  vomica 5  grains. 

Extract  of  belladonna 5  grains. 

Dried  sulphate  of  iron 10  grains. 

Extract  of  aloes 10  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  20  pills.  Hospital  Formulary. 

Take  of  Extract  of  nux  vomica 5  grains. 

Extract  of  aloes 20  grains. 

Powdered  rhubarb 10  grains. 

Extract  of  taraxacum 30  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  20  pills.  W.  T.  Lusk. 


OLEUM  CADINUM  (Fr.,  Ger.)— OIL  OF  CADE. 

A  tar  originally  obtained  by  the  destructive  distillation  of  the  wood  of 
Juniperus  Oxycedrus,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Coniferce),  a  shrub  or  small  tree 
indigenous  to  the  countries  bordering  the  Mediterranean.  That  now  in 
use  is  imported  from  Europe,  but  where  made,  or  from  what  wood,  is 
uncertain.  It  is  used  locally  in  skin  diseases. 

OINTMENTS  OF  OIL  OF  CADE. 

Take  of  Oil  of  cade 15  parts. 

Oil  of  sweet  almonds 45  parts. 

Mix.     For  chronic  eczema  of  the  scalp.  G.  H.  Fox. 

Take  of  Oil  of  cade 2  drachms. 

Ointment  of  oxide  of  zinc 1  ounce. 

Mix.  N.  Y.  Dispensary. 

Take  of  Oil  of  cade 6  drachms. 

Ointment  of  oxide  of  zinc If  ounce. 

Powdered  camphor 1  drachm. 

Mix.  &  W.  Dispensary. 

OLEUM  CAJUPUTI  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— OIL  OF  CAJUPUT. 

An  oil  obtained  by  distillation  from  the  leaves  of  Melaleuca  Leucaden- 
dron,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Myrtacece),  a  tree  growing  in  the  Indian  Archipelago 
and  Australia. 


276  MEDICAL    FOKMULAKY. 

Oil  of  cajuput  is  a  transparent,  mobile  fluid,  of  a  pale  bluish-green 
color,  a  camphor-like  odor,  and  an  aromatic,  bitterish  taste. 

It  is  used  internally  in  flatulent  colic,  cholera  morbus,  nervous  vomit- 
ing, etc.,  and  externally  in  scaly  diseases  of  the  skin,  and  rheumatism. 

Dose  :  1  to  5  minims. 

PREPARATIONS. 

REFINED  OIL  OF  CAJUPUT  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Oil  of  cajuput 1  part. 

Water 6  parts. 

Distil  as  long  as  a  colorless,  or  slightly  yellow  oil  passes  over. 

SPIRIT  OF  CAJUPUT  (Br.). 

Take  of  Oil  of  cajuput 1  ounce. 

Rectified  spirit 49  ounces. 

Dissolve. 

Dose  :  •£  to  1  drachm. 

MIXTURE  OF  OIL  OF  CAJUPUT. 

Take  of  Oil  of  cajuput 1  drachm. 

Spirit  of  chloroform 1  ounce. 

Tincture  of  cinnamon 1  ounce. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  drachm  every  half  hour  in  glycerin  or  syrup,  and 
water.  In  cholera  morbus,  nervous  vomiting,  etc.  Bartholow. 

LINIMENT  OF  OIL  OF  CAJUPUT. 

Take  of  Oil  of  cajuput 1  part. 

Olive  oil 1  part. 

Mix.     Used  as  an  embrocation  in  rheumatic  and  gouty  pains. 

Wood. 


OLEUM  MORRHUJE   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— COD-LIVER   OIL. 

The  fixed  oil  obtained  from  the  liver  of  the  common  cod  (Gadus  mor- 
rhua),  and  other  species  of  Gadus. 

When  pure,  cod-liver  oil  is  of  a  pale  yellow  color,  and  has  a  fishy  odor 
and  taste.  There  are,  however,  varieties  in  market  ranging  in  color  from 
pale  yellow  to  dark,  reddish-brown,  but  the  lighter  colored  oils  are  gener- 
ally the  least  disagreeable,  while  containing,  it  is  believed,  all  the  virtues 
of  the  darker  varieties. 

Cod-liver  oil  deserves  to  rank  rather  as  a  food  than  a  medicine.  Its 
tonic  and  restorative  effects  are  most  strongly  marked  in  wasting  diseases, 
as  consumption,  necrosis,  chronic  dysentery  and  diarrhoea,  etc. 

Dose  :      to  2  ounces. 


COD-LIVER    OIL.  277 

EMULSIONS  OF  COD-LIVER  OIL. 
Take  of  Cod-liver  oil 8  ounces. 

Lime  water 8  ounces. 

Oil  of  cinnamon 10  drops. 

Mix.     Dose  :  £  ounce.  Hospital  Formulary. 

Take  of  Cod -liver  oil 2  ounces. 

Lime  water 1  £  ounce. 

Syrup  of  lactophosphate  of  lime 1£  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm.  Bosley, 

Take  of  Cod-liver  oil 28  parts. 

Glyconin ' 9  parts. 

Aromatic  spirit  of  ammonia . .      1  part. 

Sherry  wine 20  parts. 

Spirit  of  bitter  almond 2  parts. 

Mix.     Dose  :  £  ounce. 

All  by  weight.  The  spirit  of  bitter  almonds  is  made  by  mixing  1  part 
of  oil  of  bitter  almonds  with  64  parts  of  alcohol.  Glyconin  or  Glycerite  of 
Yolk  of  Eggs,  is  made  thus : 

Take  of  Yolk  of  eggs 4  parts. 

Glycerin 5  parts. 

Beat  the  yolks  in  the  usual  manner,  pour  into  a  bottle,  add  the  glycer- 
in, and  shake  well  together.  About  4  ounces  of  glyconin  are  required 
to  emulsionize  a  pint  of  cod-li ver  oil.  Charles  Rice. 

PHOSPHORATED  EMULSION  OP  COD-LIVER  OIL. 

Take  of  Cod-liver  oil . . 20  parts'. 

Phosphorated  oil  (1$) 2  parts. 

Glyconin 7  parts. 

Aromatic  spirit  of  ammonia 1  part. 

Syrup 10  parts. 

Diluted  phosphoric  acid 4  parts. 

Spirit  of  bitter  almonds 2  parts. 

Rub  the  glyconin  with  the  oils,  added  gradually,  then  add  the  other 
ingredients  in  the  order  in  which  they  are  named. 

Dose  :  J  ounce.  Charles  Bice. 

MIXTURES  OF  COD-LIVER  OIL. 

Take  of  Cod-liver  oil 3  ounces. 

Syrup  of  wild  cherry 1  ounce. 

Lime  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.  N.  Y.  and  N.  W.  Dispensaries. 

Take  of  Cod-liver  oil 1  ounce. 

Carbonate  of  potassium i  grain. 

Wine  of  iron 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  2  drachms.  St.  Mary's  Hospital. 


278  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Take  of  Cod-liver  oil 6  drachms. 

Solution  of  potassa 40  minims. 

Stronger  solution  of  ammonia 2  minims. 

Oil  of  cassia 1  minim. 

Syrup 2  drachms. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Brompton  Consumption  Hospital. 

PHOSPHORATED  COD-LIVER  OIL. 

Take  of  Phosphorated  oil  (\%) 100  grains. 

Ether 2  drachms. 

Cod-liver  oil to  16  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  £  ounce.  Bellevue  Hospital. 


OLEUM  OLIY^E  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— OLIYE  OIL— SWEET  OIL. 

The  fixed  oil  obtained  from  the  fruit  of  Olea  Europaea,  L.  (Nat.  ord., 
Oleacece).  The  olive  tree  is  extensively  cultivated  in  the  countries  border- 
ing on  the  Mediterranean,  where  the  fruit  and  oil  are  important  articles  of 
diet  and  commerce. 

Olive  oil  is  nutritious,  emollient,  demulcent,  and  laxative.  It  is  em- 
ployed both  externally  and  internally. 

Dose  :  £  to  2  ounces. 

ENEMA  OF  OLIVE  OIL. 

Take  of  Olive  oil , 4  ounces. 

Decoction  of  barley to  20  ounces. 

Mix.  Middlesex  Hospital. 

MIXTURE  OF  OLTVE  OIL. 

Take  of  Olive  oil 1  drachm. 

Carbonate  of  potassium 4  grains. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Guy's  Hospital 


OLEUM  RICLNI  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CASTOE  OIL. 

The  fixed  oil  obtained  from  the  seeds  of  Kicinus  communis,  L.  (Nat. 
ord.,  Euphorbiacece),  a  native  of  India,  but  cultivated  in  many  countries.  It 
is  grown  extensively  in  Southern  Illinois,  and  that  State  now  furnishes  a 
large  percentage  of  the  oil  used  in  this  country. 

In  warmer  countries  the  castor  oil  plant  is  a  tree  of  twenty  to  forty  feet 
in  height,  but  in  temperate  regions  it  is  an  annual  herb,  five  or  ten  feet 
high. 


SPIRIT    OF   TURPENTINE.  279 

Castor  oil  is  a  thick,  viscous  liquid,  of  a  faint,  unpleasant  odor,  and  a 
disagreeable,  nauseous  taste.  It  is  a  mild  but  certain  cathartic,  operating 
with  little  pain,  and  well  suited  to  cases  where  free  evacuation  is  desired 
without  abdominal  irritation,  as  in  pregnancy,  after  childbirth,  in  typhoid 
fever,  dysentery,  diarrhoea  from  indigestible  food,  and  for  children. 

Dose  :  1  to  8  drachms. 


PREPARATIONS. 

EMULSION  OF  CASTOR  OIL  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Castor  oil 30  parts. 

Gum  arabic 8  parts. 

Peppermint  water 15  parts. 

Water 60  parts. 

Syrup 30  parts. 

Hub  the  gum  with  its  weight  of  water,  then  add  the  oil  and  other  in- 
gredients gradually. 
Dose  :  2  to  4  ounces. 

MIXTURE  OF  CASTOR  On* 

Take  of  Castor  oil 1  ounce. 

Mucilage  of  gum  arabic £  ounce. 

Syrup \  ounce. 

Cinnamon  water 2  ounces. 

Mix.  Dose  :  \  ounce  every  four  to  six  hours,  in  sporadic  dysentery, 
after  the  more  acute  symptoms  have  subsided.  When  there  are  much 
pain,  tenesmus,  and  frequent  passages,  10  to  20  drops  of  laudanum  may 
be  added  to  each  dose  ;  when  there  are  much  depression,  a  low  state  of  the 
arterial  tension,  and  a  dry,  glazed  tongue,  5  drops  of  turpentine  may  also 
be  added.  Bartholow. 


OLEUM  TEKEBIXTHIN^E  (U.  S.  et'aL  Ph.)— OIL  OF  TURPEN- 
TINE—SPIRIT OF  TURPENTINE. 

The  volatile  oil  obtained  by  distilling  the  oleoresinous  exudation  from 
Pinus  palustris,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Comferce),  and  other  species  of  pine. 

It  is  a  clear,  colorless,  volatile  liquid,  of  a  pungent,  terebinthinate  odor 
and  taste.  In  small  doses  it  is  a  stimulant  to  the  skin,  mucous  membranes, 
and  kidneys.  Very  large  doses  pass  off  by  the  bowels,  and  may  produce 
strangury,  bloody  urine,  etc.  In  large  doses  it  is  employed  as  an  anthel- 
mintic  ;  in  small  doses,  to  relieve  the  tympanites  of  typhoid  fever,  to  arrest 
hemorrhage  from  mucous  membranes,  in  chronic  catarrhs,  etc.  Externally 
it  is  employed  as  a  rubefacient. 

Dose  :  5  to  30  minims.     As  an  anthelmintic,  J  to  2  ounces. 


280  MEDICAL   FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Linimentum  Terebinthinae  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Liniment  of  Turpentine. 

Take  of  Kesin  cerate 12  ounces. 

Oil  of  turpentine ~. .  . .      £  pint. 

Add  the  oil  to  the  cerate,  previously  melted,  and  mix. 

Used  as  an  application  to  burns  and  scalds. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  :  soft  soap,  2  ounces ;  camphor,  1 
ounce ;  oil  of  turpentine,  16  ounces.  The  French  Codex  employs  equal 
parts  of  oil  of  turpentine  and  infused  oil  of  camomile.  These  latter  prepa- 
rations are  therefore  much  stronger  than  that  of  the  United  States  Pharma- 
copoeia, and  are  used  for  rubefacient  effect. 

LINIMENT  OF  TURPENTINE  AND  ACETIC  Aero  (Br.). 

Take  of  Oil  of  turpentine 1  ounce. 

Acetic  acid 1  ounce. 

Liniment  of  camphor :.....     1  ounce. 

Mix. 

CONFECTION  OF  TURPENTINE  (Br.). 

Take  of  Oil  of  turpentine 1  ounce. 

Liquorice  root 1  ounce. 

Clarified  honey  (by  weight) 2  ounces. 

Hub  the  turpentine  with  the  liquorice,  then  add  the  honey,  and  mix. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 

ENEMA  OF  TURPENTINE  (Br.). 

Take  of  Oil  of  turpentine 1  ounce. 

.  Mucilage  of  starch 15  ounces. 

Mix. 

OINTMENT  OF  TURPENTINE  (Br.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Oil  of  turpentine 1  drachm. 

Resin 60  grains. 

Yellow  wax %  ounce. 

Prepared  lard ^  ounce. 

Melt  together  on  a  water-bath,  and  stir  until  cool. 
This  closely  resembles  Liniment  of  Turpentine,  U.  S.     The  German  Phar- 
macopoeia employs  equal  parts  of  turpentine,  oil  of  turpentine,  and  yellow 
wax. 

EMULSIONS  OF  TURPENTINE. 

Take  of  Oil  of  turpentine 1  drachm. 

Expressed  oil  of  almonds £  ounce. 

Tincture  of  opium 2  drachms. 

Mucilage  of  gum  arabic 5  drachms. 

Cherry-laurel  water. £  ounce. 

Mix.  Dose :  1  drachm  every  three,  four,  or  six  hours,  in  chronic  in- 
testinal catarrh.  Bartholow. 


BUTTER  OF  CACAO — CROTON  OIL.  281 

% 

Take  of  Oil  of  turpentine 3  drachms. 

Fluid  extract  of  digitalis 1  drachm. 

Mucilage  of  gum  arabic £  ounce. 

Peppermint  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  every  three  hours,  in  passive  hemorrhages. 

Bartholow. 

Take  of  Oil  of  turpentine 3  drachms. 

Tincture  of  opium. 3  drachms. 

Gum  arabic 3  drachms. 

White  sugar 3  drachms. 

Peppermint  water 3  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  every  four  hours,  in  acute  dysentery. 

N.  S.  Davis. 

MIXTURE  or  TURPENTINE  AND  ETHER. 

Take  of  Oil  of  turpentine 3  drachms. 

Sulphuric  ether 2  drachms. 

Mix.     Dose  :  30  minims  night  and  morning,  in  biliary  calculus. 

Durand. 


OLEUM  THEOBKOM^E  (U.   S.   et  al.   Ph.)— OIL    OF  THEO- 
BROMA— BUTTEK  OF  CACAO. 

Obtained  from  the  kernels  of  the  seeds  of  Theobromse  Cacao,  L.  (Nat. 
ord.,  Sterculiacece),  a  tree  indigenous  to  Central  and  South  America,  where 
it  is  extensively  cultivated  for  the  manufacture  of  chocolate. 

Butter  of  cacao  is  a  yellowish- white  fat,  solid  at  ordinary  temperatures, 
but  melting  readily  at  the  temperature  of  the  human  body,  and  possess- 
ing the  agreeable  odor  of  chocolate.  It  is  used  as  an  emollient  dressing 
for  cracked  nipples,  chafed  and  excoriated  surfaces,  etc.,  and  in  the  prep- 
aration of  suppositories. 


OLEUM  TIGLII  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CKOTON  OIL. 

The  fixed  oil  obtained  from  the  seeds  of  Croton  Tiglium,  L.  (Nat.  ord., 
Euphorbiacece),  a  small  tree  indigenous  to  the  Malabar  Coast  and  Tavoy, 
but  cultivated  in  many  Eastern  countries. 

Croton  oil  is  a  transparent,  amber-colored  liquid,  of  a  slightly  rancid 
odor,  and  an  acrid,  oily  taste.  It  is  a  drastic  purgative,  and  in  over-doses 
may  produce  death.  It  is  chiefly  used  in  cases  of  great  urgency.  Exter- 


282  MEDICAL   FORMULARY. 

f 

nally  it  is  employed  as  a  counter-irritant  in  cases  where  it  is  desired  to  keep 
up  irritation  for  some  time,  as  in  pleurisy  with  effusion,  phthisis,  etc. 
Dose  :  £  to  2  minims. 

LINIMENT  OF  CROTON  OIL  (Br.). 

Take  of  Croton  oil 1  ounce. 

Oil  of  cajuput 3£  ounces. 

Rectified  spirit 3£  ounces. 

Mix. 

PILLS  OF  CROTON  OIL. 

Take  of  Croton  oil 2  drops. 

Crumb  of  bread sufficient. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  oil  in  a  little  alcohol,  form  a  mass  with  bread,  and  divide 
into  4  pills. 

Dose  :  1  every  hour  or  two.  Stille. 

PILLS  OF  CROTON  OIL  AND  COLOCYNTH. 

Take  of  Croton  oil 3  drops. 

Compound  extract  of  colocynth 20  grains. 

Extract  of  belladonna 3  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  6  pills.  Bartholow. 

COMPOUND  LINIMENT  OF  CROTON  OIL. 

Take  of  Croton  oil 2  drachms. 

Olive  oil, 

Oil  of  turpentine, 

Water  of  ammonia, 

Spirit  of  camphor,  each  equal  parts,  sufficient 

to  make 2  ounces. 

Mix.  Hospital  Formulary. 

CROTON  OIL  PAINT. 

Take  of  Croton  oil \  drachm. 

Ether 1  drachm. 

Compound  tincture  of  iodine 2£  drachms. 

Mix. 

Used  in  pleurisy  with  effusion.  Corson. 


OPIUM  (U.  S.  etal.  Ph.)— OPIUM. 

The  concrete  juice  of  the  unripe  capsules  of  Papaver  somniferum,  L. 
(Nat.  ord.,  Papaver acece],  an  annual  plant  which  has  been  cultivated  in  the 
East  from  the  earliest  times.  Some  varieties  of  the  opium  poppy  are  cul- 
tivated in  the  United  States,  and  have  yielded  a  fair  article  of  opium. 

Opium  occurs  in  commerce  as  a  dark  chestnut-colored  mass,  of  a  pecu- 


OPIUM.  283 

liar  and  not  disagreeable  odor,  and  of  a  bitter,  slightly  acrid  taste.  It  con- 
tains a  variety  of  chemical  constituents,  but  the  most  important  one  is  the 
alkaloid  moiyhia.  This,  when  isolated,  is  in  colorless  crystals,  without 
odor,  but  having  a  bitter  taste. 

Other  alkaloids,  as  narceia,  codeia,  narcotina,  etc.,  are  separated  from  the 
drug,  and  have  some  commercial  and  medicinal  importance. 

Opium  is  our  most  valuable  narcotic.  It  is  used  for  the  relief  of  pain  in 
nearly  all  circumstances  and  in  all  diseases.  Its  primary  action  is  stimu- 
lant, quickly  followed,  however,  by  a  sedative  effect.  Depending  upon  the 
indications,  it  may  be  used  as  a  diaphoretic,  a  sedative,  an  anodyne,  a  hyp- 
notic, to  check  mucous  discharges,  etc. 

The  salts  of  morphia  are  largely  used  instead  of  opium,  producing  es- 
sentially the  same  effects. 

Dose  :  ^  to  2  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Acetum  Opii  (U.  S.) — Vinegar  of  Opium — Black  Drop. 

Take  of  Opium,  dried 5  ounces. 

Nutmeg 1  ounce. 

Sugar 8  ounces. 

Diluted  acetic  acid sufficient. 

Macerate  the  opium  and  nutmeg  in  1  pint  of  diluted  acetic  acid  for 
twenty-four  hours,  then  percolate  until  26  ounces  are  obtained.  In  this, 
dissolve  the  sugar,  strain,  and  add  sufficient  diluted  acid  to  make  the 
finished  product  2  pints. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  minims. 

Confectio  Opii  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Confection  of  Opium. 

Take  of  Opium 270  grains. 

Aromatic  powder 6  ounces. 

Clarified  honey  (by  weight) 14  ounces. 

Kub  the  opium  with  the  aromatic  powder,  then  add  the  honey,  and  beat 
the  whole  together. 

Dose :  5  to  36  grains.  The  British  preparation  is  about  one-fourth 
stronger. 

Emplastrum  Opii  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)— Opium  Plaster. 

Take  of  Extract  of  opium 1  ounce. 

Burgundy  pitch 3  ounces. 

Lead  plaster 12  ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  the  extract  with  3  ounces  of  water,  and  evaporate  on  a  water-bath 
to  1^  ounce  ;  add  the  pitch  and  plaster,  and  continue  the  heat,  stirring  con- 
stantly, until  the  moisture  is  evaporated. 


284  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Extractum  Opii  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Extract  of  Opium. 

Take  of  Opium 12  ounces. 

Water 5  pints. 

Macerate  the  opium  in  1  pint  of  water  for  twenty-four  hours,  and  ex- 
press the  liquid.  Treat  it  in  like  manner  with  each  of  the  4  pints  of  water 
remaining,  mix  the  liquids,  filter,  and  evaporate  to  a  proper  consistence. 

Dose  :  £  to  -J  grain. 

Pilulse  Opii  (U.  S.)— Pills  of  Opium. 

Take  of  Opium 24  grains. 

Soap 6  grains. 

Beat  together  with  water,  and  divide  into  24  pills. 

Dose :  1  pill. 

See  also  Pilula  Saponis  Composita. 

Suppositoria  Opii  (U.  S.) — Suppositories  of  Opium. 

Take  of  Extract  of  opium 12  grains. 

Oil  of  theobroma. 348  grains. 

Water sufficient. 

Hub  the  extract  into  a  smooth  paste  with  water,  then  mix  with  1 
drachm  of  the  oil,  and  having  melted  the  remainder  and  cooled  it  to  95°, 
mix  all  together,  and  pour  into  moulds,  forming  12  suppositories. 

Tinctura  Opii  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph. ) — Tincture  of  Opium — Laudanum. 

Take  of  Opium,  dried  and  in  powder 2^  ounces. 

Water 1  pint. 

Alcohol 1  pint. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Macerate  the  opium  with  the  water  for  three  days,  then  add  the  alcohol 
and  continue  the  maceration  three  days  longer.  Introduce  into  a  perco- 
lator, and  pour  on  diluted  alcohol  until  2  pints  are  obtained. 

Dose :  5  to  20  minims.  The  French  Codex  employs  1  part  of  extract 
of  opium  with  12  parts  of  alcohol  (60  per  cent.). 

Tinctura  Opii  Acetata  (U.  S.)— Acetated  Tincture  of  Opium. 

Take  of  Opium,  dried  and  in  powder 2  ounces. 

Distilled  vinegar 12  ounces. 

Alcohol -J-  pint. 

Rub  the  opium  with  the  vinegar,  add  the  alcohol,  macerate  seven  days, 
and  filter. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  minims. 


OPIUM.  285 

Tinctura  Opii  Camphorata  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Camphorated  Tincture  of 
Opium — Paregoric  Elixir. 

Take  of  Opium,  dried  and  in  powder 60  grains. 

Benzoic  acid 60  grains. 

Camphor 40  grains. 

Oil  of  anise 60  grains. 

Clarified  honey  (by  weight) , 2  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol 2  pints. 

MIT  the  ingredients,  macerate  seven  days,  and  filter. 

Dose :    1  to  2  drachms.     Compound  Tincture  of  Camphor,  Br. 

Tinctura  Opii  Deodorata  (U.  S.)— Deodorized  Tincture  of  Opium. 

Take  of  Opium,  dried  and  in  powder 2£  ounces. 

Ether ^  pint. 

Alcohol ^  pint. 

Water sufficient. 

Macerate  the  opium  with  £  pint  of  water  for  twenty-four  hours,  and  ex- 
press ;  repeat  the  operation  twice  with  a  like  quantity  of  water.  Mix  the 
liquids,  evaporate  to  4  ounces,  and  shake  in  a  bottle  with  the  ether.  Decant 
the  ethereal  solution,  evaporate  the  remaining  liquid  until  free  from  ether, 
then  mix  with  20  ounces  of  water,  filter,  and  add  sufficient  water  through 
the  filter  to  make  1£  pint.  Lastly,  add  the  alcohol. 

Dose  :  5  to  25  minims.  A  substitute  for  McMunn's  Elixir,  which  it  very 
much  resembles. 

Vinum  Opii  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Wine  of  Opium. 

Take  of  Opium,  dried  and  in  powder 2  ounces. 

Cinnamon 60  grains. 

Cloves 60  grains. 

Sherry  wine sufficient. 

Macerate  the  powders  in  15  ounces  of  the  wine  for  seven  days,  transfer 
to  a  percolator,  pour  on  wine  until  1  pint  is  obtained. 

Dose  :  4  to  16  minims.  The  British  preparation  contains  1  ounce  of 
extract  of  opium  in  20  fluid  ounces  of  sherry. 

ENEMA  OF  OPIUM  (Br.). 

Take  of  Tincture  of  opium \  drachm. 

Mucilage  of  starch 2  ounces. 

Mix. 

« 

LIQUID  EXTRACT  OF  OPIUM  (Br.). 

Take  of  Extract  of  opium 1  ounce. 

Distilled  water 16  ounces. 

Rectified  spirit 4  ounces. 

Macerate  the  extract  in  the  water  for  an  hour,  add  the  spirit,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  10  to  40  minims. 


286  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

GLYCEKITE  OF  OPIUM  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Extract  of  opium 10  parts. 

Glycerite  of  starch 100  parts. 

Mix. 

LINIMENT  OF  OPIUM  (Br.). 

Take  of  Tincture  of  opium 2  ounces. 

Liniment  of  soap 2  ounces. 

Mix. 

OPIUM  LOZENGES  (Br.). 

Take  of  Extract  of  opium 72  grains. 

Tincture  of  tolu ^  ounce. 

Refined  sugar 16  ounces. 

Gum  arabic 2  ounces. 

Extract  of  liquorice 6  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Soften  the  extract  with  a  little  water,  then  add  to  the  tincture  of  tolu 
and  extract  of  liquorice  heated  on  a  water-bath.  When  reduced  to  a 
proper  consistence,  add  the  gum  and  sugar,  and  divide  into  720  lozenges. 

Dose  :  1  to  6  lozenges. 

COMPOUND  POWDER  OF  OPIUM  (Br.). 

Take  of  Opium 1£  ounce. 

Black  pepper 2  ounces. 

Ginger 5  ounces. 

Caraway 6  ounces. 

Tragacanth -J  ounce. 

Mix  thoroughly.      Dose  :  2  to  5  grains. 

AMMONIATED  TINCTURE  OF  OPIUM  (Br.). 

Take  of  Opium 100  grains. 

Saffron 180  grains. 

Benzoic  acid 180  grains. 

Oil  of  anise 1  drachm. 

Strong  solution  of  ammonia 4  ounces. 

Rectified  spirit 16  ounces. 

Macerate  seven  days,  strain,  press,  filter,  and  add  sufficient  spirit  to 
make  20  ounces. 

Dose  :  £  to  1  drachm. 

TINCTURE  OF  OPIUM  AND  SAFFRON  (Ger.,  Fr.) — Sydenham's  Laudanum. 

Take  of  Opium 16  parts. 

Saffron 6  parts. 

Cloves 1  part. 

Cassia  bark 1  part. 

Sherry  wine 152  parts. 

Prepare  the  tincture  by  digestion. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  minims.      Compound  Wine  of  Opium,  Fr. 


OPIUM.  287 

OPIUM  WATER  (Ger.). 
Take  of  Opium  ..................................     1  parts. 

Water  ...................................   10  parts. 

Distil  5  parts. 

SYRUP  OF  OPIUM  (Fr.,  Ger.). 
Take  of  Extract  of  opium  ..........................      1  part. 

Distilled  water  .........................     8  parts. 

Syrup  .............................  ,  .....  990  parts. 

Dissolve  the  extract  in  the  water,  filter,  and  mix  with  the  syrup.     The 
German  Pharmacopoeia  directs  to  dissolve  the  extract  in  white  wine. 

OPIUM  OINTMENT  (Ger.). 
Take  of  Extract  of  opium  ..........................     1  part. 

Distilled  water  ...........................     1  part. 

Wax  ointment  ,  ...........................  18  parts. 

Rub  the  extract  with  the  water,  then  mix  with  the  ointment. 


COLLYRIUM    OF    OPIUM 

Take  of  Extract  of  opium  ..........................     1  part. 

Distilled  rose  water  .......................  500  parts. 

Mix. 

COLLYRIA    OF    OPIUM    AND   ZlNC. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  zinc  ...........................     2  grains. 

Tincture  of  opium  .........................   20  minims. 

Water  ...................................     1  ounce. 

Mix.  King's  College  Hospital. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  zinc  ...........................  4  grains. 

Acetate  of  lead  ............................  4  grains. 

Wine  of  opium  ...........................  •£  ounce. 

Rose  water  ...............................  4  ounces. 

Mix,  and  filter.     Used  in  conjunctivitis. 

Hospital  for  Ruptured  and  Crippled. 

ENEMA  OF  OPIUM  AND  LEAD. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  opium  .........................  20  minims. 

Acetate  of  lead  ............................  9  grains. 

Diluted  acetic  acid  ........  ................  15  minims. 

Distilled  water  ...........................  3  ounces. 

London  Fever  Hospital. 

LOTION  OF  OPIUM. 
Take  of  Extract  of  opium  .........................     3  grains. 

Water  ....................................     1  ounce. 

Mix.  Guy's  Hospital. 


288  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

LOTIONS  OF  LEAD  AND  OPIUM. 

Take  of  Acetate  of  lead 4  grains. 

Opium,  in  powder 4  grains. 

Warm  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.  London  Fever  Hospital. 

Take  of  Extract  of  opium 1  grain. 

Diluted  solution  of  subacetate  of  lead 1  ounce. 

Mix,  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital. 

INFUSION  OF  OPIUM. 

Take  of  Opium 1  drachm. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Mix.     Applied  hot,  is  an  excellent  application  to  inflamed  joints,  in- 
flamed testicle,  etc.  Bartholoiv. 

MIXTUKES  OF  OPIUM,  RHUBARB,  AND  CAMPHOR. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  opium £  drachm. 

Aromatic  tincture  of  rhubarb £  drachm. 

Spirit  of  camphor ^  drachm. 

Compound  tincture  of  cardamom 2  drachms. 

Anise  water 4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm,  for  children,  in  diarrhoea. 

G.  H.  Swezey. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  opium 1  part. 

Tincture  of  capsicum 1  part. 

Aromatic  tincture  of  rhubarb 1  part. 

Spirit  of  peppermint ....  1  part. 

Spirit  of  camphor 1  part. 

Mix.     Dose  :  20  to  40  minims,  in  diarrhoea. 

Euschenberger. 

SQUIBB'S  CHOLERA  MIXTURE. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  opium 1  ounce. 

Tincture  of  capsicum 1  ounce. 

Spirit  of  camphor 1  ounce. 

Chloroform 3  drachms. 

Alcohol to  5  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  20  to  40  minims. 

MIXTURE  OF  OPIUM,  CATECHU,  AND  CHALK. 

Take  of  Camphorated  tincture  of  opium 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  catechu 2  drachms. 

Chalk  mixture 3^  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm,  for  children.  New  York  Dispensary. 


PAKEIBA    BRAVA PUMPKIN    SEED.  289 


PAREIRA   (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)—  PAREIRA   BRAVA. 

The  root  of  Chonodendron  tomentosum,  Ruiz  et  Pav.  (Nat.  ord.,  Meni- 
ftpermacece),  a  climbing  shrub  indigenous  to  Brazil  and  Peru. 

Pareira  is  tonic  and  diuretic.  Used  in  chronic  diseases  of  the  urinary 
organs. 

Dose  :  -£-  to  2  drachms. 


PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum  Pareirae  Fluidum  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Fluid  Extract  of  Pareira 

Brava. 

Take  of  Pareira  brava 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  8  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  5  of  water,  moisten  the 
pareira  with  4  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general 
formula,  page  161. 

Dose  :      to  2  drachms. 


Infusum  Pareirae  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Infusion  of  Pareira  Brava. 

Take  of  Pareira  brava 1  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Macerate  for  two  hours  in  a  covered  vessel,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces.     Decoction  of  Pareira,  Br. 


PEPO  (U.  S.)— PUMPKIN  SEED. 

The  seeds  of  Cucurbita  pepo,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  CueurbitacecB),  the  common 
pumpkin. 

Pumpkin  seeds  are  used  for  the  expulsion  of  tape-worm,  and  are  among 
the  most  efficient  agents  for  this  purpose. 

They  may  be  administered  in  the  following  manner  :  From  1  to  2 
ounces  of  pumpkin  seed,  deprived  of  their  outer  envelope,  are  beaten  into 
a  paste  with  sugar,  and,  diluted  with  water  or  milk,  are  taken  after  a  fast 
of  twenty-four  hours.  After  three  or  four  hours,  a  dose  of  castor-oil 
should  be  administered.  Stille. 

19 


290  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


PEPSINUM   (Br.,  Fr.)— PEPSIN. 

A  peculiar  digestive  principle  obtained  from  the  mucous  lining  of  tlie 
stomach,  of  the  pig,  sheep,  calf,  or  other  warm-blooded  animals. 

Used  as  an  aid  to  digestion  in  a  great  variety  of  disorders,  as  convales- 
cence from  febrile  diseases,  dyspepsia,  ulcer  of  the  stomach,  infantile  diar- 
rhoea, etc. 

Dose  :  ^  to  5  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

SACCHARATED  PEPSIN. 

Take  of  Pepsin,  fresh  and  moist at  will. 

Sugar  of  milk sufficient. 

Mix  in  such  proportions  that  10  parts  of  it,  dissolved  in  150  parts  of 
water  and  3  parts  of  hydrochloric  acid,  will  dissolve  at  least  120  parts  of 
egg-albumen,  at  a  temperature  of  104°,  in  five  or  six  hours. 

Dose  :  5  to  15  grains.  Eeport  of  Am.  Ph.  Ass'n. 

LIQUID  PEPSIN. 

Take  of  Pepsin 64  grains. 

Water 2£  ounces. 

Hydrochloric  acid J  drachm. 

Glycerin 1^-  ounce. 

Mix  and  filter.  Hospital  Formulary. 

Take  of  Pepsin 2  drachms. 

Diluted  hydrochloric  acid  . .  % 1  drachm. 

Mint  water 3  ounces. 

Mix,  filter,  and  add  of  syrup  of  orange  peel  1  ounce. 

Dose  :  £  ounce  in  an  equal  quantity  of  water  directly  after  eating. 
For  indigestion,  sense  of  oppression  and  flatulence  after  eating. 

"  One  of  the  most  successful  and  most  agreeable  prescriptions  that  I  have 
ever  devised."  Fordyce  Barker. 


PHOSPHOKUS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— PHOSPHOKUS. 

A  non-metallic  element  which  exists  in  many  minerals,  and  in  the  tis- 
sues of  animals  and  plants.  It  is  extracted  on  a  large  scale  from  bones,  in 
which  it  exists  as  phosphate  of  calcium. 

Phosphorus  is  a  stimulant  to  the  nervous  system,  and  is  used  in  ner- 
vous exhaustion,  neuralgia,  etc. 

Dose  :  -^  to  -fa  grain.     It  is  never  administered  in  substance. 


CALABAR    BEAN.  291 

PREPARATIONS. 

PHOSPHORATED  OIL. 

Take  of  Phosphorus 1  part 

Cod-liver  oil 99  parts. 

Introduce  the  oil  into  a  bottle  fitted  with  a  cork  perforated  with  two 
glass  tubes,  one  reaching  nearly  to  the  surface  of  the  oiL  Pass  a  current 
of  dry  carbonic  acid  through  the  bottle  until  all  air  is  expelled,  then 
quickly  introduce  the  phosphorus,  cork  tight,  and  gently  heat  on  a  water- 
bath  until  solution  is  effected.  Transfer  to  1-ounce  bottles,  which  have 
been  rinsed  with  ether,  and  not  dried,  and  preserve  in  a  cool,  dark  place. 

Squibb's  formula,  abbreviated. 
Dose  :  1  to  5  grains,  administered  in  cod-liver  oil. 

PHOSPHORUS  PILL  (Br.). 

Take  of  Phosphorus 2  grains. 

Balsam  of  tolu 120  grains. 

Yellow  wax 60  grains. 

Put  the  phosphorus  and  balsam  into  a  wedgewood  mortar  half  full  of 
hot  water,  rub  together  until  no  particles  of  phosphorus  are  visible,  the 
temperature  being  kept  at  140°.  Add  the  wax,  and  as  it  softens,  mix  with 
the  other  ingredients.  Cool  without  exposure  to  the  air,  and  keep  in  a 
bottle  immersed  in  cold  water.  It  may  be  softened  with  a  few  drops  of  al- 
cohol when  made  into  pills. 
Dose :  3  to  6  grains. 

PHYSOSTIGMA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CALABAE  BE  AX. 

The  seed  of  Physostigma  venenosum,  Balfour  (Nat.  ord.,  Leguminosce), 
a  woody,  climbing  vine  indigenous  to  Western  Africa. 

In  full  doses  Calabar  bean  produces  giddiness  and  drowsiness,  with  pal- 
lor and  coolness  of  the  skin,  weak  pulse,  relaxation  of  the  muscles,  and  con- 
traction of  the  pupil.  It  has  been  used  with  success  in  chorea,  trauma- 
tic tetanus,  poisoning  with  strychnia,  etc.  t 

Its  active  principle,  physostigmia,  or  eserina,  is  used  in  ophthalmic  prac- 
tice to  contract  the  pupils. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  grains. 

PREPARATION. 
Extractum  Physostigmatis  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Extract  of  Calabar  Bean. 

Take  of  Calabar  bean,  in  powder 12  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Macerate  the  powder  in  12  ounces  of  alcohol  for  four  days,  then  perco- 
late until  2  pints  are  obtained,  or  the  bean  is  exhausted.  Distil  off  most 
of  the  alcohol,  then  evaporate  to  a  proper  consistence. 

Dose  :  ^  to  -J  grain. 


292  MEDICAL    FOKMULARY. 


PILOCARPUS— JABORAKDI. 

The  leaves  of  Pilocarpus  pennatifolius,  Lemaire  (Nat.  ord.,  Rutaceai),  a 
shrub  growing  in  the  eastern  provinces  of  Brazil. 

Jaborandi  is  a  very  powerful  diaphoretic  and  sialagogue.  It  has  been 
employed  in  a  great  variety  of  cases,  but  its  most  beneficial  effects  have 
been  obtained  in  the  dropsy  of  Blight's  disease,  pleuritic  effusion,  etc.  Its 
active  principle,  termed  pflocarpina,  or  its  salts,  may  be  used  hypodermi- 
cally. 

Dose  :  5  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATION. 

TINCTURE  OF  JABORANDI. 

Take  of  Jaborandi 1  part. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  5  parts. 

Dose :  £  to  2  drachms.  J.  P.  Remington,  Report  Am.  Ph.  Ass'n. 


PIMENTA  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— PIMENTO— ALLSPICE. 

The  unripe  berries  of  Eugenia  pimenta,  DC.  (Nat.  ord.,  Myrtacece),  an 
evergreen  tree  indigenous  to  the  West  Indies,  Central  and  South  America, 
but  cultivated  in  other  tropical  regions. 

Allspice  is  aromatic  and  stimulant,  but  is  rarely  used  except  as  a  condi- 
ment and  flavoring  agent. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Oleum  Pimentae  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Oil  of  Pimento. 
The  oil  obtained  from  pimento  by  distillation. 
Dose  :  1  to  5  minims. 

PIMENTO  WATER  (Br.). 

Take  of  Pimento 14  ounces. 

Water 2  gallons. 

Distil  1  gallon.     Used  as  a  vehicle. 


PIPER  (U.  S.,  Br.)— BLACK  PEPPER. 

The  unripe  berries  of  Piper  nigrum,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Piper acece),  a  climb- 
ing shrub  indigenous  to  India,  but  cultivated  in  both  the  East  and  West 
Indies. 

Pepper  is  a  carminative  and  stimulant.  Used  as  an  adjunct  to  other 
remedies,  and  as  a  condiment. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  grains. 


BUKGUNDY    PITCH.  293 

PREPARATIONS. 
Oleoresina  Piperis  (U.  S.) — Oleoresin  of  Black  Pepper. 

Take  of  Black  pepper 12  ounces. 

Ether sufficient. 

Percolate  tlie  pepper  with  ether  until  20  ounces  have  passed,  distil  off 
most  of  the  ether,  evaporate  the  remainder,  and  when  the  deposition  of 
piperin  has  ceased,  strain  and  express. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  minims. 

CONFECTION  OF  PFJ>PER  (Br.). 
Take  of  Black  pepper 2  ounces. 

Caraway 3  ounces. 

Clarified  honey  (by  weight) 15  ounces. 

Rub  well  together. 
Dose  :  60  to  120  grains. 


FIX  BURGUKDICA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— BUEGU1STDY  PITCH. 

The  prepared  concrete  exudation  of  Abies  excelsa,  DC.  (Nat.  ord., 
Coniferce),  the  spruce  fir  tree  of  Northern  Europe. 

Burgundy  pitch  is  a  gentle  rubefacient,  rarely  producing  more  than 
slight  inflammation  and  serous  effusion.  It  is  used  in  the  form  of  plasters, 
in  chronic  and  subacute  rheumatism,  lumbago,  etc. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Emplastrum  Picis  Burgundicae  (U.  S.,  Fr.) — Burgundy  Pitch  Plaster. 

Take  of  Burgundy  pitch 72  ounces. 

Yellow  wax 6  ounces. 

Melt  together,  strain,  and  stir  while  cooling. 

The  French  Codex  employs  1  part  of  wax  with  3  of  pitch. 

Emplastrum  Picis  cum  Cantharide  (U.  S.) — Plaster,  of  Pitch  with 

Cantharides. 

Take  of  Burgundy  pitch 48  ounces. 

Cerate  of  cantharides 4  ounces. 

Heat  the  cerate  to  212°,  strain,  add  the  pitch,  melt,  and  stir  while 
cooling. 

PITCH  PLASTER  (Br.). 

Take  of  Burgundy  pitch 26  ounces. 

Common  frankincense 13  ounces. 

Resin 4£  ounces. 

Yellow  wax 4|-  ounces. 

Expressed  oil  of  nutmeg 1  ounce. 

Olive  oil 2  ounces. 

Water 2  ounces. 

Add  the  oils  and  the  water  to  the  other  ingredients,  previously  melted 
together,  then,  constantly  stirring,  evaporate  to  a  proper  consistence. 


294  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


FIX  LIQUIDA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— TAB. 

An  impure  turpentine  obtained  from  Pinus  palustris,  L.  and  other 
species  of  pine,  (Nat.  ord.,  Coniferce),  by  burning  the  wood  in  pits  covered 
with  earth  to  prevent  the  access  of  air.  It  is  a  complex  body,  containing 
resin,  pyroligneous  acid,  oil  of  tar,  etc.,  and  produces,  besides  the  general 
effects  of  the  turpentine,  others  due  to  these  latter  principles.  It  is  em- 
ployed internally  in  chronic  catarrhal  affections,  and  externally  in  a  variety 
of  cutaneous  diseases. 

Dose  :  10  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Glyceritum  Picis  Liquidae  (U.  S.)— Glycerite  of  Tar. 

Take  of  Tar 1  ounce. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium 2  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol 2  ounces. 

Water 10  ounces. 

Mix  the  glycerin,  alcohol,  and  water ;  rub  the  tar  first  with  the  carbo- 
nate of  magnesium,  then  with  6  ounces  of  the  mixed  liquids  added  gradu- 
ally, and  strain.  Bub  the  residue  with  half  the  remaining  liquid,  and 
strain  as  before.  Bepeat  the  process  with  the  remaining  liquid.  Finally, 
percolate  the  residue  with  the  expressed  liquids  previously  mixed,  and  add 
sufficient  water  to  make  1  pint. 

Dose  :  -J-  to  2  drachms. 

Infusum  Picis  Liquidae  (U.  S.,  Ger.)— Infusion  of  Tar— Tar  Water. 

Take  of  Tar 1  pint. 

Water 4  pints. 

Mix,  and  shake  the  mixture  frequently  during  twenty-four  hours,  then 
decant  and  filter. 

Dose  :  2  to  4  ounces. 

Unguentum  Picis  Liquidae  (U.  S.,  Fr.) — Tar  Ointment. 

Take  of  Tar 12  ounces. 

Suet 12  ounces. 

Melt  the  suet,  add  the  tar,  strain,  and  stir  while  cooling. 

OIL  or  TAR. 

An  empyreumatic  volatile  oil  obtained  in  the  distillation  of  tar. 
Used  externally. 


LEAD ACETATE    OF    LEAD.  295 

INHALATION  or  TAB. 

Take  of  Infusion  of  tar Ito4  ounces. 

Water 8  ounces. 

Mix. 

Stimulant.     Used  by  means  of  an  atomizer.  G.  M.  Lefferts. 

LOTION  OF  TAR. 

Take  of  Tar 1  ounce. 

Alcohol 1  ounce. 

Soft  soap 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Used  in  eczema.  Tilbury  Fox. 


PLUMBUM— LEAD. 
PLUMBI  ACETAS  (U.  S.et  al.  Ph.)— ACETATE  OF  LEAD. 

Prepared  by  dissolving  oxide  of  lead  in  acetic  acid,  evaporating,  and 
crystallizing. 

Acetate  of  lead  is  in  colorless  crystals,  which  effloresce  in  the  air,  and 
have  an  acetous  odor,  and  a  sweetish,  astringent  taste.  It  is  used  as  an 
astringent  in  haemoptysis  and  other  hemorrhages,  and  in  dysentery  and 
diarrhoea.  Topically  it  is  employed  as  a  styptic,  as  an  injection  in  gon- 
orrhcea  and  leucorrhcea,  as  a  lotion  in  bruises,  sprains,  etc. 

Dose  :  £  to  3  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Ceraturn   Plumbi    Subacetatis  (U.  S.  et  al  Ph.) — Cerate  of  Subace- 
tate  of  Lead — Goulard's  Cerate. 

Take  of  Solution  of  subacetate  of  lead 2£  ounces. 

White  wax 4  ounces. 

Olive  oil  (by  weight) 8  ounces. 

Camphor 30  grains. 

Mix  the  wax,  previously  melted,  with  7  ounces  of  the  oil,  and,  while 
cooling,  stir  in  the  solution  of  lead.  Then  add  the  camphor,  previously 
dissolved  in  the  remainder  of  the  oil,  and  mix.  Or, 

Take  of  Cerate 350  grains. 

Olive  oil 50  grains. 

Solution  of  subacetate  of  lead 1 J  drachm. 

Liniment  of  camphor 12  grains. 

Mix. 


296  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Linimentum  Plumbi  Subacetatis  (U.  S.) — Liniment  of  Subacetate  of 

Lsad. 

Take  of  Solution  of  subacetate  of  lead  (by  weight)  ....     2  ounces. 

Olive  oil  (by  weight) 3  ounces. 

Mix. 

Liquor  Plumbi  Subaeetatis  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Solution  of  Subacetate 
of  Lead — Goulard's  Extract. 

Take  of  Acetate  of  lead 16  ounces. 

Oxide  of  lead 9^  ounces. 

Boiling  water sufficient. 

Put  the  acetate  and  oxide  into  4  pints  of  boiling  water  in  a  glass  or 
porcelain  vessel,  and  boil  for  half  an  hour,  adding  boiling  water  to  preserve 
the  measure,  then  filter.  Used  externally. 

Liquor  Plumbi  Subacetatis  Dilutus  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Diluted  Solu- 
tion of  Subacetate  of  Lead — Lead  Water. 

Take  of  Solution  of  subacetate  of  lead  (by  weight) 3  drachms. 

Distilled  water 1  pint. 

Mix.     Used  externally. 

Suppositoria  Plumbi  (U.  S.) — Suppositories  of  Lead. 

Take  of  Acetate  of  lead 36  grains. 

Oil  of  theobroma 324  grains. 

Mix  the  acetate  with  60  grains  of  the  oil,  and  having  melted  the  re- 
mainder and  cooled  it  to  95°,  mix  all  together,  and  pour  into  suitable 
moulds,  forming  12  suppositories. 

Suppositoria  Plumbi  et  Opii  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Suppositories  of  Lead  and 

Opium. 

Take  of  Acetate  of  lead 36  grains. 

Extract  of  opium 6  grains. 

Oil  of  theobroma 318  grains. 

Water sufficient. 

Hub  the  acetate  and  extract  into  a  smooth  paste  with  a  few  drops  of 
water,  then  mix  with  60  grains  of  the  oil,  and  proceed  as  in  the  preceding 
preparation,  forming  12  suppositories. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  employs  a  mixture  of  benzoated  lard,  white 
wax,  and  oil  of  theobroma  as  an  excipient,  and  terms  them  Compound  Lead 


PILL  OF  LEAD  AND  OPIUM  (Br.). 
Take  of  Acetate  of  lead 36  grains. 

Opium 6  grains. 

Confection  of  roses 6  grains. 

Beat  them  into  a  uniform  mass. 
Dose  :  3  to  5  grains. 


LEAD ACETATE  OF  LEAD.  297 

• 
OINTMENT  or  ACETATE  OF  LEAD  (Br.). 

Take  of  Acetate  of  lead 12  grains. 

Benzoated  lard 1  ounce. 

Mix  thoroughly. 

INJECTIONS  OP  LEAD. 

Take  of  Solution  of  subacetate  of  lead J  to  1  ounce. 

Water 4  to  6  ounces. 

Mix.     In  gonorrhoea.  Sumstead. 

Take  of  Acetate  of  lead 30  grains. 

Sulphate  of  zinc 25  grains. 

Tincture  of  catechu 1  drachm. 

Wine  of  opium 1  drachm. 

Rose  water 6  ounces. 

Mix.     In  gonorrhoea.  Ricord. 

Take  of  Diluted  solution  of  subacetate  of  lead 4  ounces. 

Sulphate  of  zinc 8  grains. 

Mix.     In  gonorrhoea.  Bartholow. 

LOTIONS  OF  LEAD. 
Take  of  Acetate  of  lead 5  to  10  grains. 

Diluted  hydrochloric  acid £  to  2  drachms. 

Water 6  ounces. 

Mix.     In  eczematous  and  lichenous  affections.  Tilbury  Fox. 

Take  of  Acetate  of  lead 15  grains. 

Diluted  hydrocyanic  acid 20  minims. 

Alcohol i  ounce. 

Water to  6  ounces. 

Mix.     In  impetigo.  Tilbury  Fox. 

MIXTURE  OF  LEAD. 

Take  of  Acetate  of  lead 8  grains. 

Acetic  acid 6  drops. 

Deodorized  tincture  of  opium 4  drops. 

Distilled  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  every  two,  three,  or  four  hours,  for  a  child  of 
two  years  of  age.     In  summer  diarrhoea.  Bartholow. 

POWDER  OF  LEAD,  OPIUM,  AND  CAMPHOR. 

Take  of  Acetate  of  lead 24  grains. 

Opium ...  12  grains. 

Camphor 30  grains. 

Sugar sufficient. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  12  powders. 

Dose  :  One  powder  every  hour  or  two,  in  choleraic  diarrhoea. 

Bartholow. 


298  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

• 

PLUMBI     CAKBONAS  (U.   S.   et   al.   Ph.)   CAKBONATE    OF 
LEAD—WHITE   LEAD. 

Prepared  on  a  large  scale  by  exposing  sheets  of  lead  to  the  vapor  of 
vinegar  or  pyroligneous  acid. 

A  heavy,  white  powder,  insoluble  in  water.  Used  externally  in  skin 
diseases,  as  erythema,  erysipelas,  and  intertrigo,  and  as  an  application  to 
superficial  burns  and  scalds. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Unguentum  Plumbi  Carbonatis  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Ointment  of  Car- 
bonate of  Lead. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  lead 60  grains. 

Ointment 420  grains. 

Mix. 

The  British  preparation  is  almost  identical  with  this  ;  the  French  is 
made  in  the  proportion  of  1  part  of  the  carbonate  to  5  of  lard,  and  the 
German  1  to  2. 

CAMPHORATED  OINTMENT  OF  WHITE  LEAD  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Camphor 5  parts. 

Ointment  of  white  lead 100  parts. 

Mix. 

OINTMENT  OF  CARBONATE  OF  LEAD,  WITH  GLYCERIN. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  lead 4  grains. 

Glycerin 1  drachm. 

Cerate 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Used  in  erythema.  Tilbury  Fox. 


PLUMBI  IODIDUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— IODIDE   OF   LEAD. 

Take  of  Nitrate  of  lead 4  ounces. 

Iodide  of  potassium 4  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

With  the  aid  of  heat  dissolve  the  nitrate  in  1^  pint  of  distilled  water, 
and  the  iodide  in  J  pint,  and  mix  the  solutions.  Decant  the  supernatant 
liquid,  wash,  and  dry  the  precipitate  with  a  gentle  heat. 

A  bright  yellow,  heavy,  inodorous  powder,  sparingly  soluble  in  cold 
water. 

Occasionally  used  internally  as  an  alterative,  but  chiefly  employed  ex- 
ternally in  skin  diseases. 

Dose  :  £  to  4  grains. 


NITRATE    OF    LEAD OXIDE    OF    LEAD.  299 

PREPARATIONS. 

Unguentum  Plumbi  lodidi  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— Ointment  of  Iodide  of 

Lead.  , 

Take  of  Iodide  of  lead 60  grains. 

Ointment 420  grains. 

Mix. 

The  French  Codex  employs  1  part  of  iodide  of  lead  with  9  parts  of  ben- 
zoated  lard. 

IODIDE  OF  LEAD  PLASTER  (Br.). 

Take  of  Iodide  of  lead 1  ounce. 

Soap  plaster 4  ounces. 

Eesin  plaster 4  ounces. 

Add  the  iodide  to  the  plasters,  previously  melted,  and  mix. 


PLUMBI  KITEAS   (LT.  S.,  Br.)— NITEATE   OF  LEAD. 

Prepared  by  dissolving  lead  in  warm  nitric  acid,  evaporating  and  crys- 
tallizing. Used  externally  as  an  application  to  cracks  and  excoriations  of 
the  nipples,  ulcers,  etc. 

GLYCERTTE  OP  NITRATE  OF  LEAD. 

Take  of  Nitrate  of  lead 10  to  20  grains. 

Glycerin 1  ounce. 

Dissolve.     For  sore  nipples. 

After  nursing,  the  nipple  should  be  carefully  wiped,  and  the  solution 
applied  freely.  It  should  be  washed  off  before  the  child  is  again  put  to 
the  breast.  F&rdyce  Barker. 


PLUMBI    OXIDUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— OXIDE    OF    LEAD— 

LITHAEGE. 

Prepared  by  passing  a  current  of  air  over  melted  lead  heated  to  dull 
redness. 

Litharge  occurs  as  a  yellowish  or  pale  red  powder,  insoluble  in  water. 
Used  externally  in  the  form  of  lead  plaster,  and  occasionally  as  an  applica- 
tion to  burns,  etc. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Emplastrum  Plumbi  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Lead  Plaster. 

Take  of  Oxide  of  lead 30  ounces. 

Olive  oil  (by  weight) 56  ounces. 

Water . .  sufficient. 


300  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Kub  the  oxide  with  half  its  weight  of  the  oil ;  add  the  mixture  to  the 
remainder  of  the  oil,  contained  in  a  vessel  of  a  capacity  equal  to  twice  the 
bulk  of  the  ingredients.  Add  %  pint  of  boiling  water,  and  boil  until  a 
plaster  is  formed,  adding  from  time  to  time  a  little  boiling  water,  to  pre- 
serve the  measure. 

The  French  Codex  and  German  Pharmacopoeia  employ  equal  parts  of 
litharge,  olive  oil,  and  lard. 

COMPOUND  LEAD  PLASTER  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Lead  plaster 24  parts. 

Yellow  wax 3  parts. 

Ammoniac 2  parts. 

Galbanum 2  parts. 

Turpentine 2  parts. 

Melt  the  plaster  and  wax  together,  and,  when  partially  cooled,  add  the 
other  ingredients,  previously  melted. 

SOFT  LEAD  PLASTER  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Lead  plaster 3  parts. 

Lard 2  parts. 

Suet 1  part. 

Yellow  wax ; 1  part. 

Melt  together,  and  strain. 

HEBRA'S  OINTMENT  OF  LEAD  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Lead  plaster 1  part. 

Linseed  oil 1  part. 

Mix. 


PODOPHYLLUM  (U.  S.,  Br.)— MAY-APPLE— MANDRAKE. 

The  rhizome  and  rootlets  of  Podophyllum  peltatum,  L.  (Nat.  ord., 
Berberidacece),  an  herbaceous  perennial  indigenous  to  North  America. 

Podophyllum  is  a  drastic  cathartic,  acting  particularly  upon  the  upper 
portion  of  the  alimentary  canal,  increasing  the  biliary  secretion,  and  causing 
considerable  pain. 

Its  active  principles  reside  in  a  resin  (Besina  Podophylli)  which  is  gen- 
erally employed  instead  of  the  crude  drug. 

Dose  :  5  to  30  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Bxtractum  Podophylli  ((U.  S.) — Extract  of  May- Apple. 

Take  of  May-apple 12  ounces. 

Alcohol 2  pints. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Percolate  the  May-apple  with  the  alcohol,  continuing  the  process  with 
diluted  alcohol  until  2  pints  have  passed.  Set  this  aside,  and  continue 


POTASSIUM CAUSTIC    POTASH.  301 

the  percolation  until  2  pints  more  are  obtained.     Distil  off  the  alcohol 
from  the  tinctures  until  they  have  been  brought  to  the  consistence  of  honey, 
then  mix  them,  and  evaporate  to  a  proper  consistence. 
Dose  :  5  to  15  grains. 

Resina  Podophylli  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Resin  of  May-Apple — Podophyllin. 

Take  of  May-apple 16  ounces. 

Hydrochloric  acid 2  drachms. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Macerate  the  May-apple  with  1  pint  of  alcohol  for  four  days,  then  per- 
colate until  24  ounces  have  passed.  Distil  off  the  alcohol  until  the  tincture 
is  reduced  to  6  ounces,  then  add  the  residue  to  7  pints  of  water,  previously 
mixed  with  the  acid,  collect,  wash,  and  dry  the  precipitate. 

Dose  :  -J-  to  ^  grain. 

See  also  Formula  in  Report  of  Am.  Ph.  Ass'n. 

COMPOUND  PILLS  OF  PODOPHYLLIN  (Res.  PodophyL). 

Take  of  Podophyllin 10  grains. 

Aloes : 20  grains. 

Extract  of  belladonna 5  grains. 

Extract  of  mix  vomica 5  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  20  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  at  bedtime,  in  habitual  constipation.         E.  G.  Janeway. 

Take  of  Podophyllin 6  grains. 

Extract  of  belladonna 3  grains. 

Extract  of  Calabar  bean 3  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  12  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  each  night,  in  habitual  constipation.  Bartholow. 


POTASSICTM— POTASSIUM. 
POTASSA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— POT  ASS  A— CAUSTIC  POTASH. 

Take  of  solution  of  potassa,  8  pints.  Evaporate  rapidly  in  an  iron  ves- 
sel over  the  fire  until  ebullition  ceases  and  the  potassa  melts.  Pour  into 
suitable  moulds,  and  when  cold,  keep  in  a  well-stopped  bottle. 

Potassa  occurs  in  white,  cylindrical  sticks,  which  are  very  deliquescent. 
It  is  a  most  energetic  caustic,  and  is  employed  to  destroy  morbid  growths, 
the  virus  of  poisoned  wounds,  as  the  bites  of  venomous  reptiles  and  rabid 
animals,  etc. 


302  MEDICAL    FOBMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Potassa  cum  Calce  (U.  S.) — Potassa  with  Lime. 

Take  of  Potassa 1  ounce 

Lime 1  ounce. 

Rub  together  into  a  powder,  and  keep  it  in  a  well-stopped  bottle. 

Used  as  a  caustic;  it  is  milder  and  more  manageable  than  potassa. 
Made  into  a  paste  with  alcohol,  when  required  for  use,  it  constitutes  the 
well-known  Vienna  Paste. 

Liquor  Potassae  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)— Solution  of  Potassa. 

Take  of  Bicarbonate  of  potassium 15  ounces. 

Lime 9  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  bicarbonate  in  4  pints  of  distilled  water,  and  heat  until 
effervescence  ceases,  adding  water  to  make  up  the  loss  by  evaporation.  Mix 
the  lime  with  4  pints  of  distilled  water,  heat  to  the  boiling-point,  and  mix 
with  the  potassium  solution  at  the  same  temperature.  Boil  ten  minutes, 
strain,  and  add  sufficient  distilled  water  to  make  7  pints.  Or, 

Take  of  Potassa 1  ounce. 

Distilled  water 1  pint. 

Dissolve,  allow  the  sediment  to  subside,  then  decant  the  clear  liquid, 
and  preserve  in  a  well-stopped  bottle. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  minims. 

Used  as  an  antacid,  antilithic,  and  diuretic,  but  is,  in  general,  less  eligi- 
ble than  the  alkaline  carbonates,  on  account  of  its  irritant  properties. 

The  German  preparation  contains  one-third  of  its  weight  of  potassa. 

LOTION  OF  POTASSA. 

Take  of  Solution  of  potassa 1  drachm. 

Rose  water 4  ounces. 

Mix.  Apply  with  a  soft  sponge  twice  a  day,  in  acne  occurring  in  per- 
sons with  a  greasy  skin,  and  prominent  and  black  sebaceous  follicles. 

Bariholow. 
MIXTUKES  OF  POTASSA. 

Take  of  Solution  of  potassa ^  drachm. 

Infusion  of  columbo 4  ounces. 

Mix.  Dose  :  2  drachms  three  times  a  day  before  meals,  in  atonic  dys- 
pepsia. Bartholow. 

Take  of  Solution  of  potassa 8  parts. 

Extract  of  belladonna 1  part. 

Camphor  water 120  parts. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  drachm  in  a  wineglass  of  water,  three  times  a  day. 
For  irritable  bladder.  Daniel  Leivis. 


ACETATE  OF  POTASSIUM AESENITE  OF  POTASSIUM.    303 

POTASSII  ACETAS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— ACETATE  OF  POTAS- 
SIUM. 

Take  of  Acetic  acid 1  pint. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium sufficient. 

Add  the  bicarbonate  gradually  to  the  acid  until  it  is  neutralized,  then 
evaporate  cautiously  on  a  sand-bath  to  dryness. 

It  is  a  white,  very  deliquescent  salt,  of  a  pungent,  saline  taste,  and 
wholly  soluble  in  water  and  in  alcohol.  It  is  diuretic,  and,  in  large  doses, 
cathartic.  Used  in  gout,  rheumatism,  dropsy,  etc. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  grains,  diuretic  ;  1  to  3  drachms,  laxative. 

MIXTURES  OF  ACETATE  OF  POTASSIUM. 

Take  of  Acetate  of  potassium 1  drachm. 

Tincture  of  digitalis ^  drachm. 

Syrup  of  squill 1  to  2  drachms. 

Syrup  of  ginger 5  drachms. 

Water to  3  ounces. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  drachm  ever}'  two  or  three  hours,  for  children  two  or 
three  years  old.  As  a  diuretic  and  febrifuge  in  scarlatinous  dropsy. 

Meigs  and  Pepper. 

Take  of  Acetate  of  potassium 6  drachms. 

Wine  of  colchicum  seed 3  drachms. 

Water to  4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm.     In  rheumatism.  Hospital  Formulary. 


POTASSII  ARSENITIS— ARSE1STITE  OF  POTASSIUM. 

PREPARATION. 

Liquor  Potassii  Arsenitis  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Solution  of  Arsenite  of  Po- 
tassium— Fowler's  Solution. 

Take  of  Arsenious  acid 64  grains. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium 64  grains. 

Compound  spirit  of  lavender ^  ounce. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Boil  the  acid  and  bicarbonate  with  J  ounce  of  distilled  water  until  the 
acid  is  dissolved,  then  add  12  ounces  of  distilled  water,  and  afterward  the 
spirit  of  lavender,  and  sufficient  distilled  water  to  make  1  pint. 

One  ounce  contains  4  grains  of  arsenic. 

Dose  :  3  to  10  minims.  Best  administered  simply  diluted  with  water. 
It  is  one  of  the  best  of  the  arsenical  preparations,  and  is  employed  in  almost 
all  cases  to  which  arsenic  is  in  any  way  applicable.  See  Arsenic. 


304  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

POTASSII   BICARBONAS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— BICARBONATE 

OF  POTASSIUM. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  potassium 48  ounces. 

Distilled  water 10  pints. 

Dissolve  the  carbonate  in  the  water,  and  pass  carbonic  acid  through  the 
solution  until  it  is  saturated.  Then  filter,  and  evaporate,  at  or  below  160°, 
until  crystals  form.  Lastly,  pour  off  the  supernatant  liquid,  and  dry  the 
crystals  on  bibulous  paper. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium  occurs  in  white,  transparent  crystals,  of  a 
feeble  alkaline  taste,  and  freely  soluble  in  water.  It  is  much  pleasanter  to 
the  taste  than  carbonate  of  potassium,  and  is  used  for  like  purposes. 

Dose  :  10  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATION. 

EFFERVESCING  SOLUTION  OF  POTASH  (BICARBONATE)  (Br.). 

Take  of  Bicarbonate  of  potassium 30  grains. 

Water 20  ounces. 

Dissolve,  filter,  and  pass  as  much  carbonic  acid  into  the  solution  as  can 
be  introduced  with  a  pressure  of  seven  atmospheres.  Keep  in  bottles 
tightly  closed. 

POTASSII  BITARTRAS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— BITARTRATE  OF 
POTASSIUM— CREAM  OF  TARTAR. 

Crude  tartar  is  deposited  by  grape  juice  during  fermentation  ;  purified 
by  recrystallization,  it  is  the  cream  of  tartar  of  commerce. 

It  occurs  as  a  crystalline  powder,  of  a  pleasant,  acidulous  taste,  and  re- 
quiring 200  parts  of  cold  water  for  solution. 

Cream  of  tartar  is  diuretic,  refrigerant,  and  laxative.  Used  in  febrile 
diseases,  for  diuretic  and  refrigerant  effect,  and  as  a  laxative  in  a  variety  of 
affections. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms,  diuretic  and  laxative  ;  2  to  8  drachms,  purgative. 

See  Pulvis  Jalapce  Compositus,  U.  S.,  and  Confection  of  Sulphur,  Br. 


POTASSII    BROMIDUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— BROMIDE    OF 

POTASSIUM. 

Take  of  Bromine  (by  weight) 2  ounces. 

Iron,  in  filings : 1  ounce. 

Pure  carbonate  of  potassium 1,020  grains. 

Distilled  water '. 4  pints. 

Add  the  iron,  and  afterward  the  bromine,  to  1^  pint  of  the  water ;  stir 
frequently  for  half  an  hour.     Heat  gently,  and,  when  the  liquid  becomes 


BROMIDE    OF    POTASSIUM.  305 

greenish,  add  gradually  the  carbonate  dissolved  in  1^-  pint  of  the  water, 
until  it  ceases  to  produce  a  precipitate.  Continue  the  heat  for  half  an 
hour,  then  filter.  Wash  the  precipitate  with  the  remainder  of  the  water, 
boiling  hot,  and  again  filter.  Mix  the  filtered  liquids,  evaporate  and 
crystallize.  Lastly,  pour  off  the  mother-water,  and  dry  the  Crystals  on 
bibulous  paper. 

Bromide  of  potassium  occurs  in  white  crystals,  of  a  pungent,  saline 
taste,  and  freely  soluble  in  water.  It  is  antispasmodic,  hypnotic,  and  sed- 
ative, and  has  an  extremely  wide  range  of  usefulness,  being  employed  in 
a  great  variety  of  nervous  affections,  as  convulsions,  epilepsy,  whooping- 
cough,  sleeplessness,  headaches,  vomiting  from  cerebral  disturbance, 
tetanus,  etc. 

Dose  :  10  to  60  grains. 

GARGLE  OF  BROMIDE  OF  POTASSIUM. 

Take  of  Bromide  of  potassium 1£  drachm. 

Glycerin 2  drachms. 

Water to  10  ounces. 

Mix.     Sedative.  G.  M.  Lefferts. 

MIXTURES  OF  BROMIDE  OF  POTASSIUM. 

Take  of  Bromide  of  potassium ^  drachm. 

Fluid  extract  of  conium 15  minims. 

Water to  1  drachm. 

Mix.     One  dose,  to  be  taken  thrice  daily,  in  epilepsy. 

Hospital  Formulary. 

Take  of  Bromide  of  potassium , 1  ounce. 

Bromide  of  ammonium ^  ounce. 

Water 7  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm.     In  epilepsy.  E.  C.  Segiiin. 

Take  of  Bromide  of  potassium 1  ounce. 

Chloral £  ounce. 

Water 7  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose :  1  drachm.     In  epilepsy.  J.  C.  Shaw. 

Take  of  Bromide  of  potassium 6  drachms. 

Compound  tincture  of  cinchona 2  ounces. 

Tincture  of  cinnamon 1  ounce. 

Syrup  of  orange  peel 1  ounce. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  drachm  in  a  wineglass  of  sweetened  water  three  times 
a  day,  commencing  eight  days  before  the  expected  appearance  of  the 
menses.  For  nietrorrhagia  at  the  climacteric,  when  not  the  result  of  or- 
ganic disease  requiring  surgical  treatment.  Fordyce  Barker. 

The  patient  should  also  use  suppositories  of  extract  of  ergot,  which 
see. 

20 


306  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Take  of  Bromide  of  potassium 1  ounce. 

Bromide  of  iron 6  grains. 

Water 6  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  £  ounce  three  times  a  day.     Used  in  cases  requiring  both 
iron  and  a  bromide.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Bromide  of  potassium 1  ounce. 

Iodide  of  potassium ^  ounce. 

Water 4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  in  water,  every  half-hour  or  hour,  in  spasmodic 
asthma.  Bartholaw. 


POTASSII   CARBONAS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CARBONATE   OF 

POTASSIUM. 

Take  of  Impure  carbonate  of  potassium 36  ounces. 

Water 2£  pints. 

Dissolve  the  carbonate  in  the  water,  filter,  evaporate  in  an  iron  vessel 
over  a  gentle  fire  until  it  thickens,  then  remove  from  the  fire  and  stir  so  as 
to  form  a  granular  salt. 

The  impure  carbonate  (Potassii  Carbonas  Impura,  U.  S.)  is  obtained  by 
lixiviating  wood  ashes  with  water,  and  evaporating  to  dryness. 

Carbonate  of  potassium  has  a  disagreeable  alkaline  taste,  and  is  very 
deliquescent.  Used  as  an  antacid,  antilithic,  diuretic,  etc. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 

PREPARATION. 
Potassii  Carbonas  Pura  (U.  S.,  Ger.) — Pure  Carbonate  of  Potassium. 

Take  of  Bicarbonate  of  potassium , 12  ounces. 

Distilled  water 12  ounces. 

Heat  the  bicarbonate  gradually  in  an  iron  crucible  until  the  water  of 
crystallization  is  driven  off,  then  raise  the  heat  to  redness,  and  maintain  it  for 
half  an  hour.  Remove  from  the  fire,  cool,  dissolve  in  the  distilled  water, 
filter  and  evaporate,  as  in  the  preceding  preparation. 

Used  for  the  same  purposes  as  carbonate  of  potassium. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 


POTASSII  CHLORAS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CHLORATE  OF  PO- 
TASSIUM. 

Prepared  by  passing  chlorine  through  a  solution  of  caustic  potassa 
mixed  with  lime,  filtering,  evaporating,  and  crystallizing. 

Chlorate  of  potassium  occurs  in  crystalline  plates,  of  a  cooling,  saline 
taste,  and  soluble  in  16  parts  of  cold  water. 


CITRATE    OF    POTASSIUM.  307 

Used  internally  and  topically  in  nearly  all  inflammatory  and  ulcerative 
affections  of  the  mouth  and  throat,  scarlatina,  diphtheria,  etc. 
Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 

PREPARATION. 

Trochisci  Potassii  Chloratis  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Troches  of  Chlorate  of 

Potassium. 

Take  of  Chlorate  of  potassium 5  ounces. 

Sugar 18  ounces. 

Tragacanth 2  ounces. 

Vanilla 30  grains. 

Rub  the  vanilla  with  a  small  quantity  of  the  sugar  into  a  uniform 
powder,  then  mix  with  the  other  powders,  avoiding  pressure.  Then  with 
water  form  a  mass,  to  be  divided  into  480  troches. 

Each  contains  5  grains  of  chlorate  of  potassium. 

GARGLES  OF  CHLORATE  OF  POTASSIUM. 

Take  of  Chlorate  of  potassium ^  to  2  drachms. 

Glycerin 2  drachms. 

Water to  10  ounces. 

Mix.  G.  M.  Lefferts. 

Take  of  Chlorate  of  potassium *. 1  drachm. 

Carbolic  acid ^  drachm. 

Distilled  water 4  ounces. 

Mix.     In  ulcerous  disease  of  the  mouth,  follicular  pharyngitis,  etc. 

Bartholow. 

MIXTURE  OF  CHLORATE  OF  POTASSIUM. 

Take  of  Chlorate  of  potassium Ito2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 2  drachms. 

Syrup 1  ounce. 

Water to  4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm,  every  hour  or  two,  in  diphtheria. 
See  also  Mixtures  of  Tincture  of  Iron. 


POTASSII   CITRAS  (U.  S.,  Br.)— CITRATE  OF  POTASSIUM. 

Take  of  Citric  acid 10  ounces. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium .14  ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  acid  in  1  pint  of  water,  with  the  aid  of  a  gentle  heat,  add 
the  bicarbonate  gradually,  and  when  effervescence  has  ceased,  filter,  and 


308  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

evaporate  to  dryness,  stirring  constantly  after  a  pellicle  lias  begun  to  form, 
until  the  salt  granulates. 

It  is  a  white,  granular  salt,  of  a  slightly  alkaline  taste,  and  is  very  deli- 
quescent. Used  as  a  diaphoretic  and  refrigerant. 

Dose  :  20  to  40  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Liquor  Potassii  Citratis  (U.  S.) — Solution  of  Citrate  of  Potassium. 

Take  of  Citric  acid £  ounce. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium 330  grains. 

Water , £  pint. 

Dissolve  the  acid  and  bicarbonate  in  the  water,  and  strain. 

Dose  :  2  to  4  drachms.     Less  agreeable  than  the  following  preparation. 

Mistura  Potassii  Citratis  (U.  S.) — Mixture  of  Citrate  of  Potassium — 

Neutral  Mixture. 

Take  of  Lemon  juice -j-  pint. 

Bicarbonate  of  potassium sufficient. 

Add  the  bicarbonate  gradually  to  the  lemon  juice  until  the  acid  is 
neutralized,  then  strain. 

Dose  :  ^  to  1  ounce. 

This  and  the  preceding  are  often  employed  for  diuretic,  diaphoretic,  and 
refrigerant  effect,  in  febrile  affections. 

MIXTUKES  OF  CITRATE  OF  POTASSIUM. 

Take  of  Citrate  of  potassium 20  parts. 

Spirit  of  lemon 2  parts. 

Simple  elixir , 78  parts. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  before  meals,  in  the  acute  stage  of  gonorrhoea. 

G.  H.  Fox. 

Take  of  Citrate  of  potassium 1  ounce. 

Water 4  ounces. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  drachm  in  a  little  water  four  times  a  day,  in  mercurial 
salivation.  E.  L.  Keyes. 


POTASSII  IODIDUM  (U.    S.  et  al.  Ph.)— IODIDE  OF  POTAS- 
SIUM. 

Take  of  Potassa 6  ounces. 

Iodine 16  ounces,  or  sufficient. 

Charcoal 2  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  potassain  3  pints  of  boiling  distilled  water,  gradually  add  the 
iodine,  stirring  after  each  addition  until  the  solution  becomes  colorless,  and 


IODIDE    OF    POTASSIUM.  309 

continue  the  additions  until  the  liquid  remains  slightly  colored  from  excess 
of  iodine.  Evaporate  to  dryness,  stirring  in  the  charcoal  toward  the  close 
of  the  operation,  powder,  heat  to  dull  redness  for  fifteen  minutes  in  an  iron 
crucible,  then  cool,  dissolve  the  saline  matter  with  distilled  water,  filter, 
evaporate,  and  crystallize. 

Iodide  of  potassium  occurs  in  white,  transparent  crystals,  of  an  acrid, 
saline  taste,  and  freely  soluble  in  water  and  in  alcohol.  It  is  a  powerful 
alterative  and  resolvent.  Employed  in  syphilis,  scrofula,  chronic  bron- 
chitis, chronic  rheumatism,  etc. 

Dose  :  2  to  20  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 

Unguentum  Potassii  lodidi  (U.  S.  et  aL  Ph.) — Ointment  of  Iodide  of 

Potassium. 

Take  of  Iodide  of  potassium 60  grains. 

Boiling  water £  drachm. 

Lard 420  grains. 

Dissolve  the  iodide  in  the  water,  in  a  warm  mortar,  then  add  the  lard 
and  mix. 

As  this  preparation  is  liable  to  become  rancid,  Charles  Kice  proposes 
the  use  of  petroleum  ointment  (vaseline,  cosmoline,  etc.)  instead  of  lard. 


LTNIMENT  OF  IODIDE  OF  POTASSIUM  AXD  SOAP  (Br.). 

Take  of  Hard  soap 1£  ounce. 

Iodide  of  potassium l.V  ounce. 

Glycerin 1  ounce. 

Oil  of  lemon 1  drachm. 

Distilled  water 10  ounces. 

Dissolve  the  soap  in  7  ounces  of  the  water  by  the  heat  of  a  water-bath. 
Dissolve  the  iodine  and  glycerin  in  the  remainder  of  the  water,  mix  the 
two  solutions,  and  when  cold,  add  the  oil  of  lemon. 


MIXTURES  OF  IODIDE  OF  POTASSIUM. 

Take  of  Iodide  of  potassium 1  ounce. 

Solution  of  arsenite  of  potassium 1  drachm. 

Water 4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  every  four  or  six  hours.     In  hay  asthma. 

Bartholow. 


310  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Take  of  Iodide  of  potassium 1  ounce. 

Compound  tincture  of  cinchona 1  ounce. 

Compound  tincture  of  cardamom 1£  ounce. 

Compound  tincture  of  gentian ^  ounce. 

Simple  syrup 4  ounces. 

Alcohol 4  ounces. 

Water 5  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms. 

Tonic,  carminative,  and  devoid  of  the  sweet,  and  often  nauseous  char- 
acter of  the  syrups  and  extracts  of  sarsaparilla  which  are  used  as  vehicles. 
Used  with  great  advantage  in  the  later  stages  of  syphilis.  A  favorite  pre- 
scription with  the  late  Dr.  Bum  stead.  F.  E.  Sturgis. 

Take  of  Iodide  of  potassium 3  drachms. 

Tincture  of  tolu 1  drachm. 

Fluid  extract  of  wild  cherry 1  drachm. 

Syrup 1  ounce. 

Compound  spirit  of  ether 2  ounces. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm.  E.  G.  Janeway. 

Take  of  Iodide  of  potassium 3  drachms. 

Carbonate  of  ammonium 50  grains. 

Syrup  of  wild  cherry 1^  ounce. 

Compound  syrup  of  ether 1^  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm.  W.  H.  Katzeiibach. 


POTASSII  NITKAS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— NITEATE   OF  POTAS- 
SIUM— NITEE— SALTPETEE. 

Crude  nitre  occurs  in  India,  and  in  some  of  the  caves  of  this  country. 
It  is  produced  artificially  by  bringing  together  decaying  animal  and  vege- 
table matter.  Purified  and  prepared  for  medicinal  use,  it  is  in  colorless 
crystals,  of  a  sharp,  cooling,  saline  taste,  and  freely  soluble  in  water. 

Nitre  is  diaphoretic,  diuretic,  refrigerant,  and  sedative,  and  is  often  ad- 
ministered in  the  early  stages  of  acute  inflammatory  affections.  The  fumes 
of  burning  nitre,  or  of  paper  impregnated  with  it,  are  often  inhaled  with 
benefit  in  spasmodic  asthma. 

Dose  :  10  to  15  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

REFEIGERANT  POWDER  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Nitrate  of  potassium 1  part. 

Bitartrate  of  potassium 3  parts. 

White  sugar 6  parts. 

Mix      Dose  :      to  1  drachm. 


PERMANGANATE    OF    POTASSIUM.  311 

NITRATED  PAPER  (Ger.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Nitrate  of  potassium 1  part. 

Distilled  water 4  parts. 

Soak  bibulous  paper  in  the  solution,  and  then  dry  it. 

The  fumes  of  the  burning  paper  are  inhaled  in  spasmodic  asthma. 

NITROUS  POWDERS. 

Take  of  Nitrate  of  potassium 15  grains. 

Calomel ^  grain. 

Tartar  emetic J^-  grain. 

Sugar 2  grains. 

Mix.     To  be  placed  dry  on  the  tongue.     Was  used  by  Dr.  Kush  in 
what  was  probably  fibroid  phthisis,  and  was  called  Hush's  Fever  Powder. 

J.  H.  Learning. 


POTASSII    PERMANGANAS   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— PEKMANGA- 
JSTATE   OF   POTASSIUM. 

Prepared  by  adding  black  oxide  of  manganese  and  chlorate  of  potas- 
sium to  a  solution  of  potassa,  evaporating  to  dryness,  and  heating  to  red- 
ness. The  residue  is  treated  with  water,  the  solution  neutralized  with  sul- 
phuric acid,  evaporated,  and  crystallized. 

Chiefly  employed  externally  as  a  disinfectant  and  deodorizing  dressing 
for  foul  and  gangrenous  ulcers  and  wounds.  A  weak  solution  has  been 
employed  as  an  injection  in  gonorrhoea,  leucorrhcea,  etc. 

Dose  :  J  to  1  grain. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Liquor  Potassii  Permanganatis  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Solution  of  Permanga- 
nate of  Potassium. 

Take  of  Permanganate  of  potassium 64  grains. 

Distilled  water 1  pint. 

Dissolve.  , 

GARGLE  OF  PERMANGANATE  OF  POTASSIUM. 

Take  of  Solution  of  permanganate  of  potassium 1  drachm. 

Water 10  ounces. 

Mix.     Stimulant  and  antiseptic.  G.  M.  Lefferts. 

Take  of  Permanganate  of  potassium 1  grain. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Dissolve.     In  fetor  of  the  breath,  and  ulcerous  disease  of  the  mouth. 

Bartholaw. 


312  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


POTASSII   SULPHAS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SULPHATE  OF 
POTASSIUM. 

Obtained  as  a  secondary  product  in  the  preparation  of  nitric  acid,  and 
in  other  chemical  processes. 

In  medium  doses  it  is  laxative,  in  large  doses  purgative,  but  is  seldom 
employed,  as  its  action  is  harsh  and  painful.  On  account  of  its  hardness  it 
is  used  as  a  triturant  in  the  preparation  of  Dover's  powder. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  grains,  laxative  ;  2  to  4  drachms,  purgative.     • 


POTASSII   SULPHUKETUM   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SULPHUKET 

OF   POTASSIUM. 

Take  of  Sublimed  sulphur 1  ounce. 

Carbonate  of  potassium 2  ounces. 

Bub  the  carbonate,  previously  dried,  with  the  sulphur,  and  heat  the 
mixture  in  a  covered  crucible  until  it  ceases  to  swell,  and  is  completely 
melted.  Then  pour  upon  a  marble  slab,  and  when  cold,  break  into  pieces, 
and  preserve  in  a  well-stopped  bottle  of  green  glass. 

When  recently  prepared,  sulphuret  of  potassium  is  of  a  liver-brown 
color.  It  dissolves  in  water,  the  solution  exhaling  the  odor  of  hydrosul- 
phuric  acid.  Its  taste  is  nauseous  and.  disagreeable.  Seldom  employed 
internally,  its  chief  use  being  as  a  topical  application  in  skin  diseases. 


PREPARATION. 

OINTMENT  OF  SULPHURATED  POTASSIUM  (Br.). 

Take  of  Sulphurated  potassium 30  grains. 

Prepared  lard 1  ounce. 

Mix. 

LOTIONS  OF  SULPHURET  OF  POTASSIUM. 

Take  of  Sulphuret  of  potassium \  ounce. 

Lime  water 16  ounces. 

Mix.     Used  in  pityriasis,  pustular  and  parasitic  diseases. 

Tilbury  Fox. 

Take  of  Sulphuret  of  potassium 1  drachm. 

Sulphate  of  zinc 1  drachm. 

Bose  water 4  ounces. 

Mix.     Used  in  acne  indurata.  Eulkley. 


TABTBATE  OF  POTASSIUM — KOCHELLE  SALT.       313 

POTASSII   TARTRAS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— TARTRATE   OF 
POTASSIUM. 

Take  of  Pure  carbonate  of  potassium 16  ounces. 

Bitartrate  of  potassium 36  ounces  or  sufficient. 

Boiling  water 8  pints. 

Dissolve  the  carbonate  in  the  water,  add  the  bitartrate  gradually  until 
the  solution  is  neutralized ;  filter,  evaporate,  and  crystallize.  Lastly,  pour 
off  the  mother-water,  dry  the  crystals  on  bibulous  paper,  and  preserve  them 
in  a  well-stopped  bottle. 

It  is  diuretic  and  laxative,  but  is  seldom  employed. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms,  laxative  ;  2  to  8  drachms,  purgative. 


POTASSII  ET   SODII    TARTRAS   (U.    S.   et   al.   Ph.)— TAR- 
TRATE  OF   POTASSIUM  AND   SODIUM— ROCIIELLE' 

SALT. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  sodium 12  ounces. 

Bitartrate  of  potassium 16  ounces. 

Boiling  water 5  pints. 

Dissolve  the  carbonate  in  the  water,  add  the  bitartrate  gradually,  filter, 
evaporate  until  a  pellicle  forms,  then  set  aside  to  crystallize.  Pour  off  the 
mother- water,  and  dry  the  crystals  on  bibulous  paper. 

Rochelle  salt  commonly  occurs  as  a  white  powder,  of  a  bitterish,  cool- 
ing, saline  taste,  and  is  soluble  in  twice  its  weight  of  water. 

It  is  a  mild  and  pleasant  laxative,  especially  applicable  to  febrile  condi- 
tions. 

Dose  :   £  to  1  ounce. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Pulveres  Effervescentes  Aperientes  (U.  S.,  Ger.) — Aperient  Efferves- 
cing Powders — Seidlitz  Powders. 

Take  of  Bicarbonate  of  sodium 1  ounce. 

Tartrate  of  potassium  and  sodium 3  ounces. 

Tartaric  acid 420  grains. 

Mix  the  bicarbonate  with  the  tartrate,  and  divide  the  mixture  into  12 
equal  parts.  Divide  the  acid  into  the  same  number  of  parts.  Lastly,  keep 
the  parts  separately  in  papers  of  different  colors. 

A  powder  of  each  kind  is  dissolved  separately,  in  three  or  four  ounces 
of  water,  the  solutions  mixed,  and  administered  while  in  a  state  of  efferves- 
cence. 


314  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


PRUNUS   VIRGINIAN  A  (U.  S.)— WILD   CHERRY. 

The  bark  of  Prunus  serotina,  Ehrhart  (Cerasus  serotina,  DC.,  Nat.  ord., 
Rosacece),  the  common  wild  black  cherry  of  North  America. 

Wild  cherry  bark  is  used  as  a  tonic  and  sedative.  This  latter  property 
depends  upon  the  hydrocyanic  acid  which  it  generates  when  infused  with 
water. 

It  is  employed  in  pulmonary  diseases,  especially  in  consumption.  Its 
tonic  properties  improve  the  appetite  and  increase  the  strength,  while  its 
sedative  influence  is  beneficial  in  moderating  the  cough  and  allaying  ner- 
vous irritation. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum  Pruni  Virginianae   Fluidum  (U.   S.) — Fluid   Extract   of 

Wild  Cherry. 

Take  of  Wild  cherry 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Water %  pint. 

Stronger  alcohol sufiicient. 

Mix  the  glycerin  and  water,  and  macerate  the  wild  cherry  in  the  mix- 
ture for  four  days.  Transfer  to  a  percolator,  and  pour  on  stronger  alcohol 
until  12  fluid  ounces  are  obtained ;  reserve  this  portion.  Continue  the 
percolation  until  20  ounces  more  are  obtained,  evaporate  to  4  ounces, 
filter,  and  add  to  the  reserved  portion. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  minims. 

Contains  the  tonic  properties  of  the  bark,  but  has  little  sedative  action. 

Infusum  Pruni  Virginianae  (U.  S.) — Infusion  of  Wild  Cherry. 

Take  of  Wild  cherry ^  ounce. 

Water sufiicient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  1  pint. 

Dose  :  2  to  3  ounces.  The  best,  and  indeed,  only  preparation  of  wild 
cherry  to  use  for  sedative  effect. 

Syrupus  Pruni  Virginianae  (U.  S.)— Syrup  of  Wild  Cherry. 

Take  of  Wild  cherry 5  ounces. 

Sugar 28  ounces. 

Water sufiicient. 

Macerate  the  bark  in  water  for  twenty-four  hours,  then  percolate  until 
1  pint  is  obtained.     In  this  dissolve  the  sugar  by  agitation,  without  heat. 
Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms.     Used  as  a  vehicle  in  cough  mixtures. 


PULSATILE  A QUASSIA.  315 


PULSATILLA  ^Fr.,  Ger.)— PULSATILLA. 

The  herb  of  Anemone  pulsatilla,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Ranunculacew),  a  small 
plant  indigenous  to  Central  and  Northern  Europe. 

It  is  employed  in  a  variety  of  cases,  but  mainly  in  acute  and  subacute 
inflammations  of  the  mucous  membranes,  as  those  of  the  eyes,  ears,  uterus, 
etc.  It  has  also  been  used  with  happiest  effect  in  dysmenorrhoea,  and  in 
gonorrhoeal  orchitis. 

Dose  :  Of  the  fresh  plant,  1  to  5  grains. 


PREPARATION. 

TINCTURE  OF  PULSATILLA. 

Take  of  Pulsatilla 1  part 

Alcohol 2  parts. 

Prepare  the  tincture  by  maceration. 

Dose  :  5  to  15  minims.  Phillip*. 

Preparations  of  pulsatilla  made  in  this  country,  from  the  plant  imported 
in  the  dry  state,  are  not  to  be  relied  upon. 


QUASSIA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— QUASSIA. 

The  wood  of  Picraena  excelsa,  Lindley  (Quassia  excelsa,  Sivartz.  Sima- 
ruba  excelsa,  DC.,  Nat  ord.,  Siinarubece),  a  tree  fifty  or  sixty  feet  in  height, 
indigenous  to  Jamaica  and  other  islands  of  the  West  Indies. 

Quassia  is  a  pure  and  simple  bitter,  without  irritant  or  astringent  effects, 
and  is  used  as  a  tonic  in  dyspepsia,  loss  of  appetite,  etc. 

Dose  :  30  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  Quassias  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Extract  of  Quassia. 

Take  of  Quassia 12  ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Exhaust  the  quassia  by  percolation  with  water,  boil  to  three-fourths  of 
its  bulk,  strain,  and  evaporate  to  a  proper  consistence. 
Dose  :  3  to  5  grains. 

Infusum  Quassias  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Infusion  of  Quassia. 

Take  of  Quassia 120  grains. 

Water 4  pint. 

Macerate  for  twelve  hours,  and  strain. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces.     Used  as  a  vehicle  for  other  tonics. 


316  MEDICAL    FOKMULARY. 

Tinctura  Quassiae  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— Tincture  of  Quassia. 

Take  of  Quassia : 2  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  •£•  to  2  drachms. 


QUEKCUS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— OAK  BARK. 

The  bark  of  Quercus  alba,  L.,  and  of  Quercus  coccinea,  Wang.,  var. 
tinctoria,  Bartram  (Nat.  ord.,  Cupuliferce),  both  of  which  are  indigenous 
to  the  United  States. 

Oak  bark  contains  a  large  percentage  of  tannic  acid,  and  to  this  it  owes 
its  medicinal  properties. 
.   Dose  :  30  to  60  grains,  in  decoction. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Decoctum  Quercus  Albse  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Decoction  of  White  Oak. 

Take  of  White  oak 1  ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil  half  an  hour,  strain,  and  add  sufficient  water  through  the  strainer 
to  make  1  pint. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

Used  topically  as  a  gargle  in  sore  throat,  as  an  injection  in  leucorrhcea, 
as  a  wash  for  bed-sores,  etc. 


QUILLAIA— SOAP-BARK. 

The  inner  bark  of  Quillaia  saponaria,  Molina  (Nat.  ord.,  Rosacece),  a 
tree  growing  in  Peru  and  Chili.  It  contains  a  vegetable  soap  principle, 
termed  saponin,  which  is  also  found  in  some  other  plants.  It  makes  a 
lather  or  froth  with  water,  and  has  been  used  to  stimulate  the  growth  of 
the  hair.  In  pharmacy  it  is  employed  as  an  emulsifying  agent. 

TINCTURE  OF  QUILLAIA. 

Take  of  Quillaia  in  fine  powder 4  ounces. 

Alcohol  (sp.  gr.  0.820) sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  16  ounces. 

Probably  the  most  useful  preparation.  Much  used  in  England  as  an 
emulsifying  agent  for  fixed  oils,  oleoresins,  resins,  etc.  Charles  Mice. 


QUININE.  317 


QTJINIA  (Fr.,  Ger.)-QUIlSriNE. 

This  alkaloid  is  not  recognized  by  the  United  States  and  British  Phar- 
macopoeias. Owing  to  its  difficult  solubility,  it  acts  less  speedily  than  many 
of  its  salts.  Of  these,  a  large  number  are  prepared,  but  the  Pharmacopeias 
wisely  reject  most  of  them,  since,  as  Bartholow  justly  remarks,  "  the  cura- 
tive value  of  the  preparations  of  quinine  depends  on  the  base,  and  not  on  the 
acid  combined  with  it." 

Quiniae  Bisulphas  (Fr.,  Ger.) — Bisulphate  of  Quinia. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  quinia 100  parts. 

Sulphuric  acid 12  parts. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  sulphate  in  the  acid,  previously  diluted  with  a  sufficient 
quantity  of  water,  evaporate,  and  crystallize. 

It  is  in  prismatic,  white,  shining  crystals,  of  a  very  bitter  taste,  soluble  in 
about  10  parts  of  water  and  in  2  parts  of  alcohol.  It  contains  about  one- 
sixth  less  quinia  than  the  sulphate,  and  should  be  administered  in  propor- 
tionally larger  doses. 

Dose  :  1  to  20  grains. 


HYPODERMIC  INJECTION  OF  BISULPHATE  OF  QUIXIA. 

Take  of  Bisulphate  of  quinia 50  grains. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid 100  minims. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Carbolic  acid  (liq.) 5  minims. 

Dissolve  the  bisulphate  in  the  sulphuric  acid  and  water,  by  the  aid  of 
heat,  filter,  and  add  the  carbolic  acid. 

Twelve  minims  contain  1  grain  of  the  bisulphate. 

Le?ite's  Solution,     Bartholow. 


Quiniae  Hydrobromas — Hydrobromate  of  Quinia. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  quinia 100  parts. 

Bromide  of  potassium 27£  parts. 

Distilled  water 100  parts. 

Alcohol 400  parts. 

Triturate  the  sulphate  and  bromide  with  the  water,  in  a  mortar,  then 
heat  gently  in  a  flask  placed  on  a  water-bath,  and,  after  awhile,  add  the  al- 
cohol, and  digest  for  an  hour.  Filter  the  hot  solution,  and  set  aside  to 
crystallize. 

Dose :   1  to  20  grains.  Charles  Ewe. 


318  MEDICAL    FOKMULAKY. 

Quinise  Hydrochloras  (Ger.) — Hydrochlorate  of  Quinia. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  quinia 300  parts. 

Carbonate  of  sodium sufficient. 

Hydrochloric  acid sufficient. 

Sulphuric  acid sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  sulphate  of  quinia  in  water  with  the  aid  of  sulphuric  acid, 
and  precipitate  the  solution  with  the  carbonate  of  sodium.  Wash  the  pre- 
cipitate, and  while  still  moist,  add  it  in  one  lot  to  78  parts  of  hydrochloric 
acid  previously  diluted  with  1,000  parts  of  water,  and  heated  to  a  tempera- 
ture not  exceeding  86°.  Let  it  stand  awhile,  then  heat  to  140°,  neutralize 
exactly  by  the  addition  of  acid  or  quinia,  as  may  be  required,  and  set  aside 
to  crystallize.  Charles  Rice. 

It  is  in  white  crystals  of  a  silky  lustre,  of  a  very  bitter  taste,  soluble  in 
20  parts  of  cold  water  and  in  2  or  3  parts  of  alcohol. 
Dose  :   1  to  20  grains. 

Quiniae  Sulphas  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Sulphate  of  Quinia. 

Take  of  Yellow  cinchona 48  ounces. 

Hydrochloric  acid  (by  weight) 3£  ounces. 

Lime 5  ounces. 

Animal  charcoal sufficient. 

Sulphuric  acid sufficient. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Boil  the  cinchona  in  13  pints  of  water  mixed  with  one-third  of  the  hy- 
drochloric acid,  and  strain.  Kepeat  the  process  twice,  mix  the  decoctions, 
and  while  hot,  gradually  add  the  lime  previously  mixed  with  2  pints  of 
water,  stirring  constantly  tih1  the  quinia  is  precipitated.  Wash,  dry,  pow- 
der, and  digest  the  precipitate  in  boiling  alcohol.  Decant,  and  repeat  the 
digestion  until  the  alcohol  is  no  longer  rendered  bitter.  Mix  the  liquids 
and  distil  off  the  alcohol  until  a  viscid  mass  remains.  Boil  this  in  4  pints 
of  distilled  water,  and  add  enough  sulphuric  acid  to  dissolve  the  quinia. 
Then  add  1£  ounce  of  animal  charcoal,  boil  two  minutes,  filter  while  hot, 
and  set  aside  to  crystallize.  The  crystals  may  be  further  purified  by  dis- 
solving them  in  boiling  water  acidulated  with  sulphuric  acid,  adding  a 
little  animal  charcoal,  and  recrystallizing. 

Sulphate  of  quinia  is  a  colorless  salt,  in  light,  silky  crystals,  of  an  in- 
tensely bitter  taste,  soluble  in  700  parts  of  cold  or  30  parts  of  boiling  water, 
much  more  soluble  in  alcohol  and  in  water  acidulated  with  sulphuric  acid. 
Its  therapeutic  effects  are  those  of  cinchona,  which  see. 

Dose  :  1  to  20  grains. 


319 
PREPARATIONS. 

Pilulae  Quiniae  Sulphatis  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— Pills  of  Sulphate  of  Quinia. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  quinia 24  grains. 

Clarified  honey,  sufficiently  inspissated 14  grains. 

Mix.     Form  a  pilular  mass,  and  divide  into  24  pills. 
Dose  :  1  to  20  pills. 

TINCTURE  OF  QUINIA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  quinia 160  grains. 

Tincture  of  orange  peel 20  ounces. 

Dissolve  with  aid  of  a  gentle  heat,  allow  the  solution  to  stand  for  three 
days,  shaking  it  occasionally,  then  filter. 
Dose  :  4-  to  2  drachms. 

AMMONIATED  TINCTURE  OF  QUINIA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  quinia 160  grains. 

Solution  of  ammonia 2J  ounces. 

Proof  spirit 17^  ounces. 

Dissolve  the  sulphate  in  the  spirit  with  the  aid  of  a  gentle  heat,  and 
add  the  solution  of  ammonia. 
Dose  :  4-  to  2  drachms. 

WINE  OF  QUINIA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  quinia 20  grains. 

Citric  acid 30  grains. 

Orange  wine 20  ounces. 

Dissolve,  first  the  citric  acid,  and  then  the  sulphate  in  the  wine  ;  allow 
the  solution  to  stand  for  three  days,  shaking  it  occasionally,  then  filter. 
Dose  :  ^  to  1  ounce. 

MIXTURES  OF  SULPHATE  OF  QUTNIA. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  quinia 30  grains. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid sufficient. 

Water 2  ounces. 

Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron -J  ounce. 

Spirit  of  chloroform 6  drachms. 

Glycerin to  4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm.  A.  L.  Loomis. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  quinia 1  drachm. 

Pyrophosphate  of  iron 1  drachm. 

Strychnia 1  grain. 

Diluted  phosphoric  acid 2  drachms. 

Syrup  of  ginger 2  ounces. 

Water to  4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm.  W.  A.  Hammond. 


320  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  quinia 30  grains. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid sufficient. 

Water 2  ounces. 

Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 2  drachms. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm.  Hospital  Formulary. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  quinia ^--drachm. 

Elixir  of  taraxacum 2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  every  two  to  four  hours,  and  hourly  1  drachm 
of  the  following : 

Take  of  Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 2  drachms. 

Chlorate  of  potassium 2  drachms. 

Syrup 4  ounces. 

Mix.     The  dose  prescribed  is  for  a  child  of  five  years.     In  diphtheria. 

J.  Lewis  Smith. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  quinia ^  drachm. 

Sulphate  of  strychnia 1  grain. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid .....' sufficient. 

Tincture  of  chloride  of  iron 3  drachms. 

Glycerin 5  drachms. 

Water to  4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  quinia 20  grains. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid sufficient. 

Carbolic  acid  (liq.) 10  to  40  minims. 

Water 5  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  £  ounce  three  times  daily  before  meals,  in  a  wineglass  of 
water.     To  relieve  the  pains  of  mammary  cancer.  F.  A.  Burr  all. 

PILLS  OF  SULPHATE  OF  QUINIA. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  quinia 40  grains. 

Sulphate  of  iron 20  grains. 

Extract  of  nux  vomica 5  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  20  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill.  Hospital  Formulary. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  quinia 2  drachms. 

Sulphate  of  morphia 3  grains. 

Strychnia 2  grains. 

Arsenious  acid 3  grains. 

Extract  of  aconite 30  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  60  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill.  boss's  Neuralgic  Pills. 


ROSIN.  321 

QUINIA  FOR  INUNCTION. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  quinia 1  drachm. 

Oleic  acid  (pure) 1  ounce. 

Olive  oil 2  ounces. 

Dissolve  the  quinia  in  the  acid  with  the  aid  of  a  gentle  heat, .and  add 
the  oil.  If  properly  prepared,  the  solution  will  remain  clear. 

For  inunction  in  cases  of  debility,  especially  in  children.  It  may  be 
applied  once  or  twice  daily  to  the  entire  surface,  and  should  be  well 
rubbed  in.  Andrew  H.  Smith. 


Quiniae  Valerianas  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.) — Valerianate  of  Quinia. 

Valerianate  of  quinia  is  supposed  to  exert  the  combined  influence  of  qui- 
nia and  valerianic  acid,  but  is  in  no  way  better  than  extemporaneous  mix- 
tures of  the  two.  The  mode  of  its  preparation  is  therefore  omitted. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  grains. 

Quinidae  Sulphas — Sulphate  of  Quinidia. 

Obtained  by  evaporating  the  mother-liquor  left  from  the  crystallization 
of  sulphate  of  quinia. 

Sulphate  of  quinidia  is  in  crystals  resembling  those  of  the  sulphate  of 
quinia,  but  is  more  soluble  than  that  salt,  and  possesses  nearly  the  same 
virtues  as  a  tonic  and  antiperiodic. 

Dose  :  1  to  20  grains. 


RESINA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— RESIN— ROSIN. 

The  residue  after  the  distillation  of  the  volatile  oil  from  the  turpentine 
of  Pinus  palustris,  Mill.,  and  of  other  species  of  Pinus. 

Rosin  is  a  brittle,  pulverizable,  translucent  resin,  tasteless,  and  of  a 
feeble  terebiuthinate  odor.  It  enters  into  the  composition  of  cerates  and 
plasters. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Ceratum  Resinas  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Resin  Cerate— Basilicon  Ointment. 

Take  of  Resin 10  ounces. 

Yellowwax 4  ounces. 

Lard 16  ounces. 

Melt  together,  strain,  and  stir  till  cool. 
Ointment  of  Resin,  Br. 
21 


322  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Ceratum  Resinae  Composition  (U.  S.,  Ger.) — Compound  Eesin  Cerate. 

Take  of  Resin 12  ounces. 

Suet 12  ounces. 

Yellow  wax *. 12  ounces. 

Turpentine 6  ounces. 

•    Flaxseed  oil  (by  weight) 7  ounces. 

Melt  together,  strain,  and  stir  till  cool.     Basilicon  Ointment,  Ger. 

Emplastrum  Resinae  (TJ.  S.,  Br.) — Resin  plaster — Adhesive  Plaster. 

Take  of  Resin 6  ounces. 

Lead  plaster 36  ounces. 

To  the  lead  plaster,  melted  with  a  gentle  heat,  add  the  resin,  and  mix. 


RHAMNUS  FRANGULA— ALDER  BUCKTHORN. 

The  bark  of  Rhamnus  frangula,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Rhamnaceoe),  a  shrub  in- 
digenous to  the  Old  World. 

Employed  as  a  purgative,  and  is  recommended  in  habitual  constipation. 

The  bark  of  Rhamnus  Purshiana,  DC.,  a  shrub  indigenous  to  the  Pacific 
Coast  of  North  America,  has  similar  properties. 

Dose  :  J  to  2  drachms. 

FLUID  EXTRACT  OF  RHAMNUS  FRANGULA. 

Take  of  Rhamnus  frangula 16  parts. 

Stronger  alcohol,  4  parts — water,  15  parts sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  14  ounces,  which  set  aside.  Then  perco- 
late 24  ounces  more,  evaporate  to  2  ounces,  mix  with  the  reserved  portion, 
and  filter. 

Dose  :  J  to  2  drachms.  Charles  Rice. 

MIXTURE  OF  FLUID  EXTRACT  OF  RHAMNUS  FRANGULA. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  rhamnus  frangula 1  ounce. 

Peppermint  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.  Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms  for  a  child  from  two  to  eight  years  old. 
A  pleasant  and  efficacious  laxative.  A.  A.  Smith. 


RHEUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— RHUBARB. 

The  root  of  Rheum  officinale,  Baillon,  R.  palmatum,  L.,  and  probably 
of  other  species  (Nat.  ord.,  Polygonacece},  plants  indigenous  to  Asia,  and 
much  resembling  the  common  garden  rhubarb  in  general  appearance. 

Rhubarb  is  a  purgative  which  acts  without  violence,  and  is  even  said 


RHUBARB.  323 

to  have  a  tonic  effect.  Free  purgation  by  rhubarb  is  followed  by  con- 
stipation, but  laxative  doses  have  a  tendency  to  overcome  habitual  con- 
stipation. It  is  an  excellent  cathartic  for  pregnant  women,  for  children 
when  suffering  from  indigestion,  and  for  persons  suffering  from  piles 
attended  with  constipation. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains,  laxative  ;  10  to  40  grains,  purgative. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum  Rhei  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Extract  of  Khubarb. 

Take  of  Rhubarb 12  ounces. 

Alcohol 1  pint. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Percolate  the  rhubarb  with  the  alcohol,  continuing  with  diluted  alcohol 
until  12  ounces  of  tincture  are  obtained.  Set  this  in  a  warm  place,  and  allow 
it  to  evaporate  to  6  ounces.  Continue  the  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol 
until  the  rhubarb  is  exhausted,  evaporate,  at  or  below  160°,  to  the  consist- 
ence of  syrup  ;  mix  with  the  tincture  first  obtained,  and  evaporate  to  a 
proper  consistence. 

Dose  :  5  to  15  grains. 

Extractum  Rhei  Fluidum  (U.  S.)— Fluid  Extract  of  Ehubarb. 

Take  of  Rhubarb -; 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 2  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient.. 

IMix  the  glycerin  with  14  ounces  of  alcohol,  moisten  the  rhubarb  with 
4  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general  formula, 
page  161.  Finish  the  percolation  with  a  menstruum  of  2  parts  of  alcohol 
and  1  part  of  water. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  minims,  laxative  ;  10  to  40  minims,  purgative. 

ifusum  Rhei  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Infusion  of  Rhubarb. 

Take  of  Rhubarb 2  drachms. 

Boiling  water ^  pint. 

Digest  for  an  hour,  in  a  covered  vessel,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

PilulaeRhei  (U.  S.)— Pills  of  Rhubarb. 

Take  of  Rhubarb 72  grains. 

Soap 24  grains. 

Beat  into  a  mass  with  water,  and  divide  into  '24  pills. 
Dose  :  1  to  5,  as  a  laxative. 


324  MEDICAL    FORMULAKY. 

Pilulse  Rhei  Compositae  (U.  S.,  Br.)—  Compound  Pills  of  Rhubarb. 

Take  of  Rhubarb 48  grains. 

Socotrine  aloes 36  grains. 

Myrrh 24  grains. 

-Oil  of  peppermint 3  minims. 

Beat  into  a  mass  with  water,  and  divide  into  24  pills. 
Dose  :  2  to  4  pills. 


Pul vis  Rhei  Compositus  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Compound  Powder  of  Elmbarb. 

Take  of  Rhubarb 4  ounces. 

Magnesia 12  ounces. 

Ginger 2  ounces. 

Rub  together  until  thoroughly  mixed. 
Dose  :      to  1  drachm. 


SyrupusRhei  (U.  S.) — Syrup  of  Rhubarb. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  rhubarb 3  ounces. 

Syrup 29  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 

t 

Syrupus  Rhei  Aromaticus  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Aromatic  Syrup  of  Rhu- 
barb. 

Take  of  Rhubarb 2£  ounces. 

Cloves : , i  ounce. 

Cinnamon J  ounce. 

Nutmeg 2  drachms. 

Syrup 6  pints. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Mix  the  powders,  and  percolate  with  diluted  alcohol  until  1  pint  of  tinc- 
ture is  obtained.     Add  this  to  the  syrup,  previously  heated,  and  mix. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 


Tinctura  Rhei  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph. ) — Tincture  of  Rhubarb. 

Take  of  Rhubarb 3  ounces. 

Cardamom J  ounce. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Mix  the  powders,  and  percolate  with  'diluted  alcohol  until  2  pints  of 
tincture  are  obtained. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms,  laxative  ;  2  to  8  drachms,  purgative. 


RHUBARB.  325 

Tinctura  Rhei  et  Sennae  (TJ.  S.)—  Tincture  of  Rhubarb  and  Senna. 

Take  of  Rhubarb 1  ounce. 

Senna 2  drachms. 

Coriander 1  drachm. 

Fennel _. 1  drachm. 

Liquorice £  drachm. 

Raisins,  deprived  of  seeds 6  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol 3  pints. 

Macerate  seven  days,  express  and  filter. 
Dose  :  15  to  GO  minims. 

Vinum  Rhei  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Wine  of  Rhubarb. 

Take  of  Rhubarb 2  ounces. 

Canella 1  drachm. 

Sherry  wine 14  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Mix  2  ounces  of  diluted  alcohol  with  the  wine,  and  percolate  the  powders 
with  the  mixture,  continuing  the  process  with  diluted  alcohol  until  1  pint 
of  filtered  liquid  is  obtained. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms. 

COMPOUND  EXTRACT  OF  RHUBARB  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Extract  of  rhubarb 3  parts. 

Extract  of  aloes 1  part. 

Distilled  water 4  parts. 

Jalap  soap 1  part. 

Diluted  alcohol 4  parts. 

Soften  the  extracts  with  the  water,  then  add  the  soap,  previously  dis- 
solved in  the  alcohol,  and  evaporate  to  a  dry  extract. 

AQUEOUS  TINCTURE  OF  RHUBARB  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Rhubarb 10  parts. 

Borax 1  part. 

Pure  carbonate  of  potassium 1  part. 

Boiling  distilled  water 85  parts. 

Alcohol 10  parts. 

Cinnamon  water 15  parts. 

Mix  the  rhubarb,  borax,  and  carbonate,  add  the  water,  macerate  fifteen 
minutes,  then  add  the  alcohol.  After  one  hour  and  a  quarter,  express,  fil- 
ter, and  add  the  cinnamon  water. 

MIXTURES  OF  RHUBARB  AND  SODA. 
Take  of  Powdered  rhubarb |  ounce. 

Bicarbonate  of  sodium 1  drachm. 

Spirit  of  peppermint 2  drachms. 

Water • to  4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  J  ounce.  Hospital  Formulary. 


326  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Take  of -Fluid  extract  of  rhubarb 256  minims. 

Fluid  extract  of  ipecac 51  minims. 

Bicarbonate  of  sodium 512  grains. 

Glycerin ; 12  ounces. 

Peppermint  water 2  pints. 

Mix.     Dose  :  £  to  1  drachm  two  or  three  times  daily,  for  children. 

E.  R.  Squibb. 


ROSA   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— ROSE. 

The  petals  of  Rosa  centifolia,  L.,  pale  rose,  and  of  Rosa  Gallica,  L.,  red 
rose  (Nat.  ord.,  Rosacece),  small  shrubs  indigenous  to  the  warmer  portions  of 
Europe  and  Western  Asia,  but  cultivated  in  many  varieties  all  over  the 
world. 

Rose  petals  are  used  chiefly  as  a  perfume,  though  those  of  the  red  rose 
are  slightly  astringent,  and  are  used  in  collyria,  gargles,  etc. 


PREPARATIONS. 

Aqua  Rosae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Rose  Water. 

Take  of  Recent  pale  rose 48  ounces. 

Water 16  pints. 

Mix,  and  distil  8  pints.     Used  as  a  vehicle. 

When  it  is  desirable  to  keep  the  rose  for  some  time  before  distilling, 
mix  it  with  half  its  weight  of  chloride  of  sodium. 

Confectio  Rosae  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Confection  of  Rose. 

Take  of  Red  rose 4  ounces. 

Sugar 30  ounces. 

Clarified  honey  (by  weight) 6  ounces. 

Rose  water 8  ounces. 

Rub  the  rose  with  the  water  heated  to  150°,  then  gradually  add  the 
sugar  and  honey,  and  beat  well  together. 

Dose  :  \  to  1  drachm.     Used  chiefly  as  an  excipient. 

Infusum  Rosae  Compositum  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Compound  Infusion  of  Rose. 

Take  of  Red  rose £  ounce. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid 3  drachms. 

Sugar \\  ounce. 

Boiling  water 2  JT  pints. 

Macerate  the  rose  in  the  water  and  acid  for  half  an  hour,  then  add  the 
sugar,  and  strain. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  ounces.  Acid  Infusion  of  Roses,  Br. 


BLACKBERRY.  327 

Mel  Rosae  /U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— Honey  of  Rose. 

Take  of  Red  rose • 2  ounces. 

Clarified  honey  (by  weight) 25  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Percolate  the  rose  with  diluted  alcohol  until  6  drachms  of  filtered  liquid 
have  passed  ;'  set  this  aside.  Continue  the  percolation  until  £  pint  more  of 
liquid  is  obtained ;  evaporate  this  to  10  drachms,  add  the  reserved  liquid, 
and  mix  with  the  honey. 

Used  as  a  vehicle. 

Oleum  Rosae  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— OH  of  Rose. 

The  oil  obtained  from  the  petals  of  Rosa  centifolia  by  distillation. 
Used  as  a  perfume. 

Syrupus  Rosae  Gallicae  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Syrup  of  Red  Rose. 

Take  of  Red  rose 2  ounces. 

Sugar '. 18  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Percolate  the  rose  with  the  alcohol  until  1  ounce  has  passed ;  set  this 
aside.  Continue  the  percolation  until  5  ounces  more  are  obtained ;  evaporate 
this  to  1-J-  ounce,  and  mix  it  with  7  ounces  of  water.  Then  add  the  sugar, 
dissolve  with  a  gentle  heat,  strain  while  hot,  cool,  and  add  the  reserved 
tincture. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 

Unguentum  Aquae  Rosae  (U.  S.,  Ger.) — Ointment  of  Rose  Water. 

Take  of  Expressed  oil  of  almonds 3^  ounces. 

Spermaceti 1  ounce. 

White  wax 2  drachms. 

Rose  water 2  ounces. 

Melt  together  the  oil,  spermaceti,  and  wax,  then  gradually  add  the  water, 
and  stir  until  cool. 


RUBUS  (U.  S.)— BLACKBERRY. 

The  bark  of  the  root  of  Rubus  Canadensis,  L.,  and  of  Rubus  villosus, 
Ait.  (Nat.  ord.,  Eoseacece),  the  former  a  trailing,  the  latter  an  erect  shrub, 
covered  with  prickles,  indigenous  to  North  America,  and  very  common. 

Blackberry  root  is  a  mild,  but  efficient  astringent,  and  is  very  useful  in 
diarrhoea  and  dysentery,  especially  when  occurring  in  children. 

Dose  :  ^  to  1  drachm. 


328  MEDICAL  FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum  Rubi  Fluidum  (U.  S.)— Fluid  Extract  of  Blackberry. 

Take  of  Blackberry 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  8  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  5  of  water,  moisten  the 
powder  with  4  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general 
formula,  page  161,  finishing  the  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol. 

Dose  :  £  to  1  drachm. 

Syrupus  Rubi  (U.  S.) — Syrup  of  Blackberry. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  blackberry £  pint. 

Syrup H  Pint- 

Mix. 

Dose :  1  to  2  drachms. 


SABUSTA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SAVIN. 

The  tops  of  Juniperus  Sabina,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Coniferce],  a  small  ever- 
green shrub  indigenous  to  Europe  and  Asia. 

Applied  locally,  savin  is  an  irritant ;  taken  internally,  it  is  a  general 
stimulant,  and  in  overdoses  may  cause  vomiting,  purging,  suppression  of 
urine,  hsematuria,  etc.,  and  even  convulsions  and  death. 

It  is  used  internally,  almost  exclusively  as  an  emmenagogue,  and  for 
this  purpose  the  oil  is  generally  employed.  A  cerate  or  ointment  of  savin 
is  used  to  maintain  discharge  from  blistered  surfaces. 

Dose  :  5  to  15  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Ceratum  Sabinae  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.) — Savin  Cerate. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  savin 3  ounces. 

Resin  cerate 12  ounces. 

Melt  the  cerate,  add  the  fluid  extract,  and  stir  until  the  alcohol  has 
evaporated,  and  the  cerate  has  become  cool. 

Extractum  Sabinae  Fluidum  (U.  S.)— Fluid  Extract  of  Savin. 

Take  of  Savin 16  ounces. 

Stronger  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  savin  with  ^  pint  of  stronger  alcohol,  and  proceed  accord- 
ing to  the  general  formula,  page  161. 
Dose  :  5  to  15  minims. 


SUGAR SUGAR    OF    MILK.  329 

Oleum  Sabinae  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.)— Oil  of  Savin. 
The  oil  distilled  from  the  fresh  tops  of  savin. 
Dose  :  1  to  5  minims. 

TINCTURE  OP  SAVIN  (Br.). 

Take  of  Savin  tops,  dried ,    2^  ounces. 

Proof  spirit 20  ounces. 

Macerate  the  savin  in  15  ounces  of  the  spirit,  then  transfer  to  a  per- 
colator and  percolate  with  the  remainder.  Afterward  express,  filter,  and 
add  sufficient  proof  spirit  to  make  20  ounces. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  minims. 


SAOOHAKUM   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SUGAR 

A  sweet,  crystalline  principle  obtained  from  the  sugar  cane,  Saccharum 
officinarum,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Graminece),  a  perennial  plant  which  has  been 
cultivated  in  warm  countries  from  time  immemorial 

Sugar  possesses  some  virtue  as  a  demulcent,  but  is  chiefly  used  in  med- 
icine to  give  an  agreeable  taste  to  mixtures,  etc.,  to  protect  mineral  prep- 
arations from  oxidation,  and  to  preserve  vegetable  substances. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Syrupus  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Syrup — Simple  Syrup. 

Take  of  Sugar 36  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  sugar,  with  the  aid  of  heat,  in  20  ounces  of  distilled  water, 
heat  to  the  boiling  point,  and  strain  while  hot.  Then  incorporate  with  it 
sufficient  distilled  water,  added  through  the  strainer,  to  make  the  syrup 
measure  2  pints  and  12  ounces,  or  weigh  55  ounces.  Thus  prepared,  it  has 
the  sp.  gr.  1.317. 

Syrupus  Fuscus  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Molasses — Treacle. 

The  uncrystallized  residue  of  the  refining  of  sugar. 
•    Used  as  an  excipient  in  pills,  etc. 


SACCHABUM  LACTIS   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SUGAK  OF   MILK. 

A  sweet,  crystalline  principle  existing  in  milk,  and  obtained  by  concen- 
trating whey.  Sugar  of  milk  occurs  in  hard  crystals,  less  sweet  and  less 
soluble  than  cane  sugar.  On  account  of  its  hardness,  it  is  often  used  as  a 
triturant  in  reducing  drugs  to  a  state  of  minute  subdivision. 


330  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


SALIX    (U.  S.,  Fr.)— WILLOW. 

The  bark  of  Salix  alba,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Salicacece),  a  tree  indigenous  to 
Europe,  but  cultivated,  and  sparingly  naturalized  in  this  country. 

All  the  willows  contain,  in  addition  to  tannin,  a  crystalline  principle 
termed  Salicin,  to  which  most  of  their  medicinal  effects  are  due.  Willow 
bark  is  tonic,  antiperiodic,  and  somewhat  astringent.  Salicin  has  been 
used  with  considerable  success  as  a  substitute  for  the  alkaloids  of  cinchona 
bark  in  the  treatment  of  intermittent  fever. 

Dose  :  £  to  2  drachms. 

SALICIN. 

Prepared  by  treating  a  boiling,  concentrated  decoction  of  willow  bark 
with  litharge  until  colorless,  filtering,  evaporating,  and  crystallizing. 

It  is  in  white,  shining  scales  or  needles,  of  a  persistently  bitter  taste, 
and  soluble  in  20  parts  of  water. 

Dose  :  2  to  20  grains. 


SANGUISTAKIA  (U.  S.)— BLOODROOT. 

The  rhizome  of  Sanguinaria  Canadensis,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Papaveracece),  a 
small  herb  with  a  perennial  root,  indigenous  to  North  America,  blooming 
early  in  spring. 

Ah1  parts  of  the  plant,  when  wounded,  exude  an  orange-red  juice,  of  a 
peculiar,  acrid  taste.  Bloodroot  is  alterative,  expectorant,  and,  in  full  doses, 
emetic,  this  latter  action  being  violent  and  depressing.  It  is  used  chiefly 
in  diseases  of  the  respiratory  organs.  The  powdered  root  has  been  used 
as  a  stimulant  to  unhealthy  ulcers. 

Dose  :  1  to  5  grains,  alterative  and  expectorant ;  10  to  20  grains, 
emetic. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Acetum  Sanguinariae  (U.  S.) — Vinegar  of  Bloodroot. 

Take  of  Bloodroot 4  ounces. 

Diluted  acetic  acid sufficient. 

Percolate  the  bloodroot  with  the  acid  until  2  pints  are  obtained. 

It  may  also  be  prepared  by  macerating  the  bloodroot  in  2  pints  of 
diluted  acetic  acid  for  seven  days,  expressing,  and  filtering  the  liquid. 

Dose  :  15  to  60  minims,  alterative  and  expectorant  ;  3  to  4  drachms, 
emetic. 


BED    SANDAL- WOOD.  331 

Tinctura  Sanguinarias  (U.  S.)— Tincture  of  Bloodroot. 

Take  of  Bloodroot 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  3  measures  of  alcohol  with  1  of  water,  and  percolate  the  bloodroot 
with  the  mixture  until  2  pints  of  tincture  are  obtained. 

Dose :  15  to  60  minims,  alterative  and  expectorant ;  3  to  4  drachms, 
emetic. 

SANGUINARINE. 

Take  of  Bloodroot 16  parts. 

Alcohol  (sp.  gr.  0.835) sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  until  16  parts  of  tincture  are  obtained,  or 
until  the  bloodroot  is  exhausted.  Mix  4  parts  of  distilled  water  with  the 
percolate,  and  evaporate  the  alcohol.  To  the  residue  add  12  parts  of  cold 
distilled  water,  and  allow  the  mixture  to  stand  in  a  cool  place  for  twenty- 
four  hours.  Then  filter,  add  an  excess  of  water  of  ammonia,  wash  the  pre- 
cipitate with  cold  water,  and  dry  it. 

A  bluish  powder,  exceedingly  irritating  when  the  dust  is  inhaled,  ex- 
citing violent  sneezing,  and  inflammation  of  the  mucous  surfaces.  All  its 
salts  are  red. 

Though  not  absolutely  pure  sanguinarine,  it  is  the  article  sold  and  used 
under  that  name.  * 

Dose  :  1  to  2  grains.  J.  U.  Lloyd. 

MIXTURES  OF  BLOODROOT. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  bloodroot 1  drachm. 

Camphorated  tincture  of  opium 2  drachms. 

Syrup  of  squill 2  drachms. 

Syrup  of  tolu *. 2  drachms. 

Water to  2  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose :  1  drachm.     Expectorant.  Hospital  Formulary. 

Take  of  Tincture  of  bloodroot 1  drachm. 

Tincture  of  lobelia 1  drachm. 

Wine  of  ipecac 2  drachms. 

Syrup  of  tolu |-  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  every  three  hours,  as  an  expectorant. 

Bartholow. 


SASTTALUM  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— KED   SACTNDEKS— BED   SAN- 
DAL-WOOD. 

The   wood  of  Pterocarpus   santalinus,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Leguminosce),  a 
small  tree  indigenous  to  India. 

Used  as  a  coloring  agent  in  tinctures,  etc. 


332  MEDICAL    FOKMULAKY. 

SANTALUM  ALBUM  (Fr.)— SANDAL-WOOD. 

The  wood  of  Santalum  album,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Santalacece)  a  small  tree 
indigenous  to  Southern  India  and  the  islands  of  the  Eastern  Archipelago. 

Its  most  important  constituent  is  a  volatile  oil,  which  has  the  odor  of 
the  wood,  and  possesses  its  medicinal  virtues. 

Dose :  1  to  2  drachms. 

Oleum  S  ant  all — Oil  of  Sandal-wood. 

Obtained  from  sandal-wood  by  distillation.  Used  as  a  substitute  for 
copaiba  in  the  treatment  of  gonorrhosa. 

Dose  :  20  to  40  minims.     Generally  administered  in  capsules. 


S  ANTONIO  A  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— LEVANT  WORMSEED. 

The  unexpanded  flowers  of  a  variety  of  Artemisia  maritima,  L.  (Nat. 
on/.,  Compositce),  a  low,  shrubby  plant  indigenous  to  Asia. 

Levant  wormseed  owe  their  medicinal  efficacy  to  a  peculiar,  crystalline 
principle  termed  santonin,  which  is  a  very  efficient  anthelmintic  for  lum- 
brici. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Santoninum  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Santonin. 

Take  of  Santonica 48  ounces. 

Lime,  recently  slaked 18  ounces. 

Animal  charcoal sufficient. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Acetic  acid sufficient. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Digest  the  santonica  and  lime  with  12  pints  of  diluted  alcohol  for 
twenty-four  hours,  and  express.  Eepeat  the  process  twice  with  the  resi- 
due, mix  the  tinctures,  reduce  to  8  pints  by  distilling  off  the  alcohol,  filter, 
evaporate  to  one-half,  gradually  add  acetic  acid  to  slight  excess,  and  set 
aside  for  forty-eight  hours.  Wash  and  dry  the  precipitate,  then  boil  it  with 
ten  times  its  weight  of  alcohol,  digest  several  times  with  animal  charcoal, 
filter  while  hot,  washing  the  charcoal  with  hot  alcohol,  then  set  aside  in  a 
dark  place  to  crystallize.  Lastly,  dry  the  crystals  on  bibulous  paper  in  the 
dark. 

It  is  in  colorless  crystals,  nearly  tasteless,  and  but  very  slightly  soluble 
in  cold  water. 

Dose  :  3  to  6  grains. 


SOAP.  338 

Trochisci  Santonin!  (V.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)— Troches  of  Santonin. 

Take  orSantonin ^  ounce. 

Sugar 18  ounces. 

Tragacanth £  ounce. 

Orange  flower  water sufficient. 

Rub  the  powders  together,  then  with  the  orange  flower  water  form  a 
mass,  to  be  divided  into  480  troches. 


SAPO  i  F.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SOAP. 

Soaps  are  formed  by  combining  oils  or  fats  with  alkalies.  The  only 
one  recognized  by  the  United  States  Pharmacopoeia  is  that  made  with  soda 
and  olive  oil,  the  white  castile  soap  of  commerce,  while  not  only  this,  but 
several  other  varieties  are  officinal  in  the  European  Pharmacopoeias. 

Soap  is  mildly  laxative  and  antacid,  but  is  seldom  used  alone  for  these 
purposes.  It  is,  however,  often  combined  with  resinous  substances  in  pills, 
increasing  their  action  by  hastening  their  solution.  Externally  it  is  em- 
ployed in  plasters  and  liniments.  Here  it  acts  by  softening  the  epidermis, 
and  thus  favoring  the  absorption  of  the  substances  with  which  it  is  com- 
bined. 

Dose  :  5  to  30  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Ceratum  Saponis  (U.  S. ) — Soap  Cerate. 

Take  of  Soap  plaster 2  ounces. 

Yellow  wax 2  J  ounces. 

Olive  oil  (by  weight) 4  ounces. 

Melt  together  the  plaster  and  wax,  add  the  oil,  and,  after  continuing 
the  heat  a  few  minutes,  stir  until  cool. 

Emplastrum  Saponis  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Soap  Plaster. 

Take  of  Soap,  sliced 4  ounces. 

Lead  plaster 36  ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Rub  the  soap  with  water  until  brought  to  a  semi-liquid  state,  then  add 
the  plaster,  previously  melted,  and  boil  to  a  proper  consistence. 

Linimentum  Saponis  (IT.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Soap  Liniment. 

Take  of  Soap,  in  shavings 4  ounces. 

Camphor 2  ounces. 

Oil  of  rosemary |  ounce. 

Water 6  ounces. 

Alcohol 2  pints. 

Digest  the  soap  in  the  water  until  dissolved  ;  dissolve  the  camphor  and 
oil  in  the  alcohol,  mix  the  two  solutions,  and  filter. 


334  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Pilula  Saponis  Composita  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Compound  Pill  of  Soap. 

Take  of  Opium,  in  fine  powder 60  grains. 

Soap,  in  fine  powder ^  ounce. 

Beat  together  with  water  so  as  to  form  a  pilular  mass. 
Dose  :  3  to  5  grains.     See  also  Pilulce  Opii. 

CURD  SOAP  (Br.). 

A  soap  made  with  soda  and  a  purified  animal  fat,  consisting  principally 
of  stearin. 

MEDICINAL  SOAP  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Solution  of  caustic  soda GO  parts. 

Olive  oil 100  parts. 

Digest  until  a  soap  is  formed,  then  dissolve  it  in  300  parts  of  distilled 
water,  and  add  a  solution  of  25  parts  of  common  salt  in  75  parts  of  dis- 
tilled water.  Boil  until  the  soap  has  separated  from  the  liquid  portion, 
cool,  wash  with  distilled  water,  dissolve  again  in  60  parts  of  hot  distilled 
Avater,  and  pour  into  moulds. 

SOFT  SOAP  (Br.,  Ger.) — GREEN  SOAP. 

Soap  made  with  olive  oil  and  potash.  It  is  yellowish  green,  inodorous, 
of  a  gelatinous  consistence  (British)  ;  a  lubricious,  yellowish  greeii  mass, 
of  a  nauseous  smell  (German). 

• 
AMMONIATED  SOAP  LINIMENT  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Common  hard  soap 1  part. 

Water 30  parts. 

Alcohol 10  parts. 

Water  of  ammonia 15  parts. 

Digest  the  soap  in  the  water  and  alcohol  until  dissolved,  then  add  the 
water  of  ammonia,  and  mix. 


SOAP  CERATE  PLASTER  (Br.) 

Take  of  Hard  soap 10  ounces. 

Yellow  wax 12^  ounces. 

Olive  oil 20  ounces. 

Oxide  of  lead 15  ounces. 

Vinegar 1  gallon. 

Boil  the  oxide  and  vinegar  together  on  a  water-bath,  until  the  oxide 
has  combined  with  the  acid,  then  add  the  soap,  and  boil  until  the  moisture 
has  evaporated.  Finally,  add  the  wax  and  oil  melted  together,  and  heat, 
stirring  constantly,  until  reduced  to  the  proper  consistence  for  a  plaster. 


SAESAPAKILLA.  335 

SPIRIT  OF  SOAP  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Castile  soap \  part 

Alcohol 3  parts. 

Rose  water '. 2  parts. 

Dissolve  by  digestion  with  a  gentle  heat,  and  filter. 

LOTIONS  OP  SOAP. 

Take  of  Soft  soap 1  ounce. 

Boiling  water 16  ounces. 

Mix,  and  perfume  to  taste. 

Used  in  second  stage  of  eczema,  to  counteract  the  infiltration. 

Tilbury  Fox. 

Take  of  Soft  soap 1  ounce. 

Alcohol 1  ounce. 

Oil  of  cade 1  ounce. 

Oil  of  lavender 1^  drachm. 

Mix.     Used  like  the  preceding,  in  eczema.  Me  Call  Anderson. 


SARSAPAPJLLA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SARSAPAKILLA. 

The  root  of  Smilax  officinalis,  H.  B.  K  and  of  other  species  (Nat.  ord., 
Smilacece),  climbing  plants  of  the  West  Indies  and  Central  America. 

Sarsaparilla  was  formerly  held  in  high  repute  as  a  tonic  and  alterative, 
and  was  largely  used  in  scrofula,  syphilis,  etc.,  but  it  is  not  much  esteemed 
at  present. 

Dose  :  30  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Decoctum  Sarsaparillae  Compositum  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Compound   De- 
coction of  Sarsaparilla. 

Take  of  Sarsaparilla 6  ounces. 

Bark  of  sassafras  root 1  ounce. 

Guaiacum  wood 1  ounce. 

Liquorice  root 1  ounce. 

Mezereon 3  drachms. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil  in  4  pints  of  water  for  fifteen  minutes,  then  digest  for  two  hours 
in  a  covered  vessel  at  about  200°,  strain,  and  add  sufficient  water  through 
the  strainer  to  make  4  pints. 

Dose  :  2  to  4  ounces. 

The  German  Pharmacopeia  has  two  compound  decoctions  :  Zittmann's 
Stronger  and  Milder ;  but  as  their  formulae  are  long,  while  the  products 
are  not  much  used  in  this  country,  they  are  omitted. 


336  MEDICAL    FORMULAKY. 

Extractum  Sarsaparillae  Compositum  Fluidum  (U.  S.)—  Compound 
Fluid  Extract  of  Sarsaparilla. 

Take  of  Sarsaparilla 16  ounces. 

Liquorice  root 2  ounces. 

Sassafras 2  ounces. 

Mezereon 6  drachms. 

Glycerin £  pint. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  ^  pint  of  alcohol  with  4  ounces  each  of  glycerin  and  water,  moisten 
the  powders  with  6  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the 
general  formula,  page  161.  Continue  the  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol 
until  2  pints  are  obtained,  reserve  the  first  12  ounces,  add  4  ounces  of  gly- 
cerin to  the  remainder,  evaporate  to  6  ounces,  and  mix  with  the  reserved 
portion. 

Dose  :  30  to  60  minims. 

Extractum  Sarsaparillse  Fluidum  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Sar- 
saparilla. 

Take  of  Sarsaparilla 16  ounces. 

Glycerin %  pint. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Proceed  as  in  the  preceding  preparation  until  26  ounces  are  obtained  ; 
reserve  the  first  10  ounces,  add  4  ounces  of  glycerin  to  the  remainder, 
evaporate  to  6  ounces,  and  mix  with  the  reserved  portion. 

Dose  :  30  to  60  minims. 

Syrupus  Sarsaparillae  Compositus    (U.    S.,   Fr.,   Ger.) — Compound 

Syrup  of  Sarsaparilla. 

Take  of  Sarsaparilla 24  ounces. 

Guaiacum  wood 3  ounces. 

Pale  rose 2  ounces. 

Senna 2  ounces. 

Liquorice  root 2  ounces. 

Oil  of  sassafras 5  minims. 

Oil  of  anise , 5  minims. 

Oil  of  gaultheria 3  minims. 

Sugar 96  ounces. 

Water 1  pint. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Macerate  the  solid  ingredients,  except  the  sugar,  in  3  parts  of  diluted 
alcohol  for  four  days,  then  percolate  until  6  pints  of  tincture  are  obtained. 
Evaporate  to  3  pints,  add  the  water,  filter,  then  add  the  sugar  ;  dissolve 
with  the  aid  of  heat,  and  strain  while  hot.  Lastly,  rub  the  oils  with  a 
small  portion  of  the  syrup,  then  mix  with  the  remainder. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms. 


SASSAFRAS SCAMMOXY.  337 


SASSAFRAS  (U/S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SASSAFRAS. 

The  bark  of  the  root  of  Sassafras  officinale,  Nees  (Nat.  ord.,  Lauracece),  a 
tree  indigenous  to  North  America. 

It  is  an  agreeable  aromatic,  and  is  used  for  flavoring.  Its  volatile  oil 
(Oleum  Sassafras)  is  commonly  employed  instead  of  the  bark. 

The  pith  of  the  young  branches  (Sassafras  Medulla,  U.  &),  abounds  in 
mucilage,  which  is  highly  esteemed  as  a  demulcent. 


PREPARATION. 
Mucilago  Sassafras  Medullas  (U.  S.) — Mucilage  of  Sassafras  Pith. 

Take  of  Sassafras  pith 120  grains. 

Water .     1  pint. 

Macerate  three  hours,  and  strain. 


SCAMMONIUM   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SCAMMONY. 

A  resinous  exudation  from  the  root  of  Convolvulus  scammonium,  L. 
(Xat.  ord.,  Convolvulacew),  a  twining  plant  indigenous  to  Syria,  Asia  Minor, 
and  Greece. 

Scammony  is  a  very  active  hydragogue  cathartic,  but  as  it  acts  with  great 
violence,  it  is  seldom  used  except  in  combination  with  other  drugs  which 
modify  its  action.  It  owes  its  virtues  to  a  resin  (Resina  Scammonii),  which 
is  generally  used  instead  of  the  crude  drug.  It  is  one  of  the  constituents 
of  compound  extract  of  colocynth. 

Dose  :  5  to  15  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Resina  Scammonii  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph. ) — Resin  of  Scammony. 

Take  of  Scammony 6  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

AVater sufficient. 

Digest  the  scammony  with  successive  portions  of  boiling  alcohol  until 
exhausted.  Mix  the  tinctures,  reduce  to  a  syrupy  consistence  by  distilling 
off  the  alcohol,  add  the  residue  to  1  pint  of  water,  collect,  wash  and  dry 
the  precipitate. 

Dose  :  -4  to  8  grains. 

The  British  and  German  Pharmacopoeias  prepare  this  resin  from  scam- 
mony root,  though  the  former  permits  its  preparation  from  scammony  also. 
22 


338  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

CONFECTION  OF  SCAMMONY  (Br.). 

Take  of  Scammony 3  ounces. 

Ginger 1£  ounce. 

Oil  of  caraway 1  drachm. 

Oil  of  cloves £  drachm. 

Syrup 3  ounces. 

Clarified  honey  (by  weight) 1 J  ounce. 

Bub  the  powders  with  the  syrup  and  the  honey,  then  add  the  oil,  and 
mix. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 


SCAMMONY  MIXTURE  (Br.). 

Take  of  Resin  of  scammony 4  grains. 

Milk 2  ounces. 

Triturate  the  scammony  with  the  milk,  added  gradually. 
Dose  :  -j-  to  2  ounces,  for  a  child. 


COMPOUND  PILL,  OF  SCAMMONY  (Br.). 

Take  of  Resin  of  scammony 1  ounce. 

Resin  of  jalap 1  ounce. 

Curd  soap 1  ounce. 

Strong  tincture  of  ginger 1  ounce. 

Rectified  spirit 2  ounces. 

Mix,  and  dissolve  with  a  gentle  heat ;  then  evaporate  on  a  water- bath  to 
a  proper  consistence. 
Dose :  2  to  15  grains. 

COMPOUND  POWDER  OF  SCAMMONY  (Br.). 

Take  of  Scammony 4  ounces. 

Jalap 3  ounces. 

Ginger 1  ounce. 

Mix  thoroughly,  pass  through  a  fine  sieve,  and  finally  rub  lightly  in  a 
mortar. 

Dose  :  10*  to  20  grains. 

TINCTURE  OF  SCAMMONY  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Scammony 1  part. 

Alcohol  (80#) 5  parts. 

Macerate  ten  days,  agitating  occasionally,  and  filter. 
Dose  :  -|  to  1  drachm. 


SQUILL.  339 


SCILLA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SQUILL. 

The  bulb  of  Scilla  maratima,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Lttiacece),  a  small  plant  in- 
digenous to  Southern  Europe  and  the  adjacent  parts  of  Asia.  It  is  usually 
sliced  and  dried,  and  occurs  in  pieces  which  are  brittle  when  diy,  but  flexi- 
ble when  damp.  It  has  a  bitter,  nauseous  taste,  with  some  acridity,  and  but 
little  odor. 

Squill  is  diuretic  and  expectorant,  and  in  overdoses  acts  as  a  violent 
emetic.  It  is  used  in  chronic  and  subacute  bronchial  affections,  cardiac 
dropsy,  etc. 

Dose  :  1  to  12  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Acetum  Scillae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)—  Vinegar  of  Squill. 

Take  of  Squill 4  ounces. 

Diluted  acetic  acid sufficient. 

Moisten  the  squill  with  8  ounces  of  the  acid,  and,  after  it  has  ceased  to 
swell,  pack,  and  percolate  until  the  filtered  liquid  measures  2  pints. 

It  may  also  be  prepared  by  macerating  the  squill  in  2  pints  of  diluted 
acetic  acid  for  seven  days,  expressing,  and  filtering. 

Dose  :  15  to  30  minims. 

Extractum  Scillae  Fluidum  (U.  S.)— Fluid  Extract  of  Squill 

Take  of  Squill 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 2  ounces. 

Alcohol ; .      sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  the  glycerin  with  14  ounces  of  alcohol,  moisten  the  squill  with  4 
ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general  formula,  page 
161.  Finish  the  percolation  with  a  menstruum  of  2  parts  of  alcohol  and 
1  part  of  water. 

Dose  :  1  to  12  minims. 

Pilulae  Scillae  Compositae  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Compound  PiUs  of  Squill. 

Take  of  Squill ; 12  grains. 

Ginger 24  grains. 

Ammoniac 24  grains. 

Soap 36  grains. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Mix  the  powders,  beat  into  a  mass  with  syrup,  and  divide  into  24  pills. 
Dose  :  1  to  3  pills. 


340  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Syrupus  Scillae  (U.  S.,  Br.)—  Syrup  of  Squill. 

Take  of  Vinegar  of  squill  ..........................      1  pint. 

Sugar  ...................................   24  ounces, 

Dissolve  with  the  aid  of  heat,  and  strain  while  hot. 
Dose  :      to  1  drachm. 


Syrupus  Scillae  Compositus  (U.  S.)  —  Compound  Syrup  of  Squill. 

Take  of  Squill  ....................................      4  ounces. 

Seneka  ...................................     4  ounces. 

Tartrate  of  antimony  and  potassium  .........  48  grains. 

Sugar  ...................................  42  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol  ...........................     sufficient. 

Water  ....................  ...............     sufficient. 

Macerate  the  squill  and  seneka  in  f  pint  of  diluted  alcohol  for  four  days, 
then  percolate  until  1  pint  is  obtained.  Boil  a  few  minutes,  evaporate  on 
a  water-bath  to  2  pints,  add  14  ounces  of  boiling  water,  and  filter.  Dissolve 
the  sugar  in  the  solution,  heat  to  the  boiling-point,  strain,  add  the  tartrate, 
and  pour  sufficient  water  through  the  strainer  to  make  the  syrup  measure 
3  pints. 

Dose  :  10  to  60  minims. 


Tinctura  Scillaa  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Tincture  of  SquiU. 

Take  of  Squill 4  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  10  to  20  minims. 


OXYMEL  OF  SQUILL  (Br.,  Fr.,  Ger.). 

Take  of  Vinegar  of  squill  ..........................   20  ounces.-  . 

Clarified  honey  ...........................     2  pounds. 

Mix,  and  evaporate  on  a  water-bath  until  the  product  has  the  sp.  gr. 
1.32. 

Dose  :      to  1  drachm. 


MIXTURES  OF  SQUILL. 

Take  of  Vinegar  of  squill  ..........................  ^  ounce. 

Fluid  extract  of  ipecac  .....................  \  drachm. 

Deodorized  tincture  of  opium  ...............  1  drachm. 

Syrup  of  tolu  .............................   10  drachms. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  every  two,  three,  or  four  hours.     In  bronchial 
catarrh.  Bartholow. 


SENEGA    SNAKEROOT.  341 

Take  of  Vinegar  of  squill 2  drachms. 

Tincture  of  digitalis" 30  drops. 

Water 4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  three  or  four  times  a  day,  for  children  two  years 
old.     In  pleurisy  with  effusion.  Meigs  and  Pepper. 

PILLS  or  SQUILL. 

Take  of  Squill 6  grains. 

Ipecac 6  grains. 

Extract  of  hyoscyamus 3  grains. 

Sulphate  of  morphia ^  to  1  grain. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  12  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  every  four  hours.     In  bronchial  catarrh.  Bartholow. 


SENEGA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SEKEKA— SENEGA  SNAKEROOT. 

The  root  of  Polygala  Senega,  L.  (Nat.  ord.y  Polygalacece),  a  small  herb 
indigenous  to  the  United  States.  When  fresh  it  has  a  peculiar,  disagreea- 
ble odor,  and  a  taste  which  is  at  first  sweetish,  but  afterward  acrid  and  irrita- 
ting. 

Senega  is  a  stimulating  expectorant,  and,  in  large  doses,  an  emeto-ca- 
thartic.  It  is  used  chiefly  in  chronic  bronchial  affections,  but  occasionally 
as  an  emmenagogue,  and,  in  large  doses,  in  acute  rheumatism. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Decoctum  Senegae  (U.  S.) — Decoction  of  Seneka. 

Take  of  Seneka,  bruised 1  ounce. 

Water sufficient 

Boil  fifteen  minutes,  strain,  and  add  sufficient  water  through  the  strainer 
to  make  1  pint. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

Very  similar  to  Infusion  of  Seneka,  Br. 

Extractum  Senegce  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.)—  Extract  of  Seneka. 

Take  of  Seneka, 12  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  until  3  pints   of  tincture   are   obtained. 
Evaporate  this  on  a  water-bath  to  the  proper  consistence. 
Dose  :     1  to  3  grains. 


342  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Extraction  Senegae  Fluidum  (U.  S.)— Fluid  Extract  of  Seneka. 

Take  of  Seneka 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  8  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  5  of  water,  moisten  the 
seneka  with  4  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general 
formula,  page  161.  Finish  the  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol,  reserve  14 
ounces,  and  add  1  ounce  of  glycerin  to  the  remainder,  before  evaporation. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  minims. 

Syrupus  Senegae  (U.  S.,  Ger.) — Syrup  of  Seneka. 

Take  of  Seneka 4  ounces. 

Sugar 15  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol 2  pints. 

Percolate  the  seneka  with  the  diluted  alcohol,  evaporate  the  tincture  on 
a  water-bath,  at  or  below  160°,  to  ^  pint ;  then  filter,  add  the  sugar,  dis- 
solve with  a  gentle  heat,  and  strain  while  hot. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 

TINCTURE  OF  SENEKA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Seneka 2£  ounces. 

Proof  spirit 20  ounces. 

Macerate  the  seneka  forty-eight  hours  in  15  ounces  of  the  spirit,  then 
percolate  with  the  remainder,  express,  filter,  and  add  sufficient  proof  spirit 
to  make  20  ounces. 

Dose  :  £  to  2  drachms. 

MIXTURE  OF  SENEKA. 

Take  of  Syrup  of  seneka 2  drachms. 

Solution  of  acetate  of  ammonia 4  drachms. 

Syrup  of  wild  cherry 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  every  3  hours.     In  pneuinonia  of  children. 

H.  S.  Dessau. 


SENNA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SENNA. 

The  senna  of  commerce  is  furnished  by  two  species  of  Cassia,  C.  acuti- 
folia,  Delile,  and  C.  angustifolia,  Vahl  (Nat.  ore?.,  Leguminosce],  both  of 
which  are  shrubs  indigenous  to  Northern  Africa. 

Senna  is  a  prompt  and  efficient  cathartic,  operating,  however,  with 
some  griping,  which  is  generally  counteracted  by  the  use  of  aromatics,  or 
neutral  salts  in  combination  with  it. 

Dose  :      to  2  drachms. 


SENNA.  343 

PREPARATIONS. 
Confectio  Sennae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Confection  of  Senna. 

Take  of  Senna 8  ounces. 

Coriander 4  ounces. 

Purging  cassia 16  ounces. 

Tamarind 10  ounces. 

Prune 7  ounces. 

Fig 12  ounces. 

Sugar 30  ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Reduce  the  cassia,  tamarind,  prune,  and  fig  to  a  pulpy  liquid  by  diges- 
tion with  water  on  a  water-bath,  rub  through  a  seive,  dissolve  the  sugar  in 
it  by  a  gentle  heat,  and  evaporate  until  it  weighs  84  ounces.  Lastly,  add 
the  senna  and  coriander,  and  mix. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  drachms. 

Extractum  Sennae  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Senna. 

Take  of  Senna 16  ounces. 

Glycerin £  pint. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  8  ounces  of  alcohol  with  4  each  of  glycerin  and  water,  moisten  the 
senna  with  8  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general 
formula,  page  161.  Continue  the  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol  until 
26  ounces  are  obtained,  reserve  the  first  10  ounces,  mix  4  ounces  of  glycerin 
with  the  remainder,  evaporate  to  6  ounces,  and  mix  with  the  reserved 
portion. 

Dose  :  .V  to  2  drachms. 

See  also  Extractum  Spigelice  et  Sennce  Fluidum. 

Infusum  Sennae  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Infusion  of  Senna. 

Take  of  Senna 1  ounce. 

Coriander. ...    ; 1  drachm. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Macerate  an  hour  in  a  covered  vessel,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  4  ounces. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  directs:  senna,  1  ounce  ;  ginger,  30.  grains  ; 
boiling  distilled  water,  10  ounces. 

COMPOUND  INFUSION  OF  SENNA  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Senna 2  parts. 

Tartrate  of  potassium  and  sodium 2  parts. 

Manna 3  parts. 

Boiling  water 12  parts. 

Infuse  the  senna  in  the  water  for  five  minutes,  express,  dissolve  the  salt 
and  manna  in  the  infusion,  and  strain. 


344  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

EXTRACT  OP  SENNA  (Fr.). 

Take  of  Senna 1  part. 

Boiling  distilled  water 8  parts. 

Infuse  the  senna  in  6  parts  of  the  water  for  12  hours,  and  express.  Re- 
peat the  operation  with  the  remainder  of  the  water,  evaporate  the  infusions 
separately  to  a  syrupy  consistence,  then  mix,  and  evaporate  to  a  soft  ex- 
tract. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 

COMPOUND  MIXTURE  OF  SENNA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  magnesium 4  ounces. 

Extract  of  liquorice %  ounce. 

Tincture  of  senna 2^  ounces. 

Compound  tincture  of  cardamoms 10  drachms. 

Infusion  of  senna sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  sulphate  and  the  extract  in  14  ounces  of  infusion  of  senna, 
with  a  gentle  heat,  add  the  tinctures,  and  sufficient  infusion  of  senna  to 
make  20  ounces. 

Dose  :  1  to  1J  ounce. 

SYRUP  OP  SENNA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Senna 16  ounces. 

Oil  of  coriander 3  minims. 

Kenned  sugar 24  ounces. 

Distilled  water 100  ounces,  or  sufficient. 

Rectified  spirits 2  ounces. 

Digest  the  senna  in  70  ounces  of  the  water  for  twenty-four  hours  at 
120°,  express  and  strain.  Digest  the  marc  in  30  ounces  of  water  for  six 
hours,  express  and  strain.  Evaporate  the  mixed  liquids  on  a  water-bath  to 
10  ounces,  and,  when  cold,  add  the  spirit,  previously  mixed  with  the  oiL 
Filter,  adding  sufficient  water  through  the  filter  to  make  16  ounces,  then 
add  the  sugar,  and  dissolve  with  a  gentle  heat. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms. 


TINCTURE  or  SENNA  (Br.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Senna 2^  ounces. 

Raisins,  freed  from  seeds 2  ounces. 

Caraway £  ounce. 

Coriander ^  ounce. 

Proof  spirit 20  ounces. 

Obtain,  by  maceration  and  percolation,  20  ounces. 
Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms.     See  also  Tinctura  Bhei  et  Sennce. 
The  French  Codex  obtains,  by  percolation,  5  parts  of  tine  cure  from 
part  of  senna. 


VIRGINIA    SNAKEROOT.  345 

MIXTURES  OF  SENNA. 

Take  of  Senna. 2  drachms. 

Coffee 1  drachm. 

Hot  milk 3  ounces. 

Boiling  water 3  ounces. 

Infuse.     Dose  :  The  whole  may  be  drunk  after  twelve  hours. 

JSartholow. 

Take  of  Senna ^  ounce. 

Sulphate  of  magnesium 1  ounce. 

Manna 1  ounce. 

Fennel 1  drachm. 

Boiling  water 4-  pint. 

Macerate  in  a  covered  vessel  till  cool. 

Dose  :  ^  of  the   mixture   every  four   or  five   hours  till   it   operates. 
Known  as  Black  Draught.  Wood. 


SERPENTAKLA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— VIRGINIA  SNAKEROOT. 

The  root  of  Aristolochia  Serpentaria,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Aristolochiacece),  an 
herbaceous  perennial  indigenous  to  the  United  States,  growing  most 
abundantly  near  the  Alleghany  Mountains. 

It  is  diaphoretic,  diuretic,  tonic,  and  stimulant.  The  infusion,  taken 
warm,  is  used  as  a  diaphoretic  in  acute  febrile  diseases. 

Dose  ;  15  to  30  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum  Serpentarise  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Serpen- 
taria. 

Take  of  Serpentaria 16  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  serpentaria  with  4  ounces  of  the  alcohol,  and  proceed  ac- 
cording to  general  formula,  page  161. 
Dose  :  15  to  30  minims. 


Infusum  Serpentariae  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Infusion  of  Serpentaria. 

Take  of  Serpentaria £  ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  1  pint. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 


346  MEDICAL    FOKMULAEY. 

Tinctura  Serpentariae  (U.  S.,  Br.), — Tincture  of  Serpentaria. 

Take  of  Serpentaria 4  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  4  to  2  ounces. 


SEVUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SUET. 

The  prepared  fat  of  the  sheep  (Ouis  Aries,  L.)  Mutton  suet  is  a  white, 
solid,  nearly  odorless  fat.  It  is  used  as  a  dressing  for  ulcers  and  excoriated 
surfaces,  and  as  an  ingredient  of  ointments,  cerates,  etc. 


SINAPIS  (U.  S.  et  al  Ph.)— MUSTARD. 

The  seed  of  Sinapis  alba,  L.,  and  of  Sinapis  nigra,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Cruci- 
ferce),  white,  and  black  mustard,  respectively,  both  of  which  are  indigenous 
to  the  Old  World,  but  are  cultivated  and  have  become  naturalized  here. 

Both  kinds  of  mustard  seed  yield,  upon  pressure,  a  fixed  oil.  The  black 
seeds,  by  distillation,  yield  a  volatile  oil,  of  an  acrid,  irritating  character;  the 
white  seeds  yield  no  volatile  oil,  but,  treated  with  water,  a  white  crystal- 
line principle  is  obtained,  which  corresponds  to  the  volatile  oil  obtained 
from  the  black  seeds. 

Mustard  is  an  acrid  stimulant  and  irritant.  Internally  it  is  used  as  an 
emetic,  and,  in  small  doses,  as  a  stomachic.  Externally  it  is  used  as  a 
rubefacient. 

Dose  :  ^  to  2  drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Charta  Sinapis  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Mustard  Paper. 

Take  of  Black  mustard 90  grains. 

Solution  of  gutta-percha sufficient. 

Mix  the  mustard  with  sufficient  of  the  solution  to  give  it  a  semi-liquid 
consistence,  spread  upon  pieces  of  paper  four  inches  square,  and  allow  the 
surface  to  dry.  Before  applying  to  the  skin,  dip  for  fifteen  seconds  in  warm 
water. 

MUSTAKD  POULTICE  (Br.). 

Take  of  Mustard 2^  ounces. 

1  Linseed  meal 2£  ounces. 

Boiling  water 10  ounces. 

Mix  the  h'nseed  meal  with  the  water,  then  add  the  mustard,  with  con- 
stant stirring. 


CAUSTIC    SODA.  347 

COMPOUND  LINIMENT  OF  MUSTARD  (Br.). 

Take  of  Oil  of  mustard 1  drachm. 

Ethereal  extract  of  mezereon 40  grains. 

Camphor 120  grains. 

Castor  oil 5  drachms. 

Bectified  spirit 4  drachms. 

Dissolve  the  extract  and  camphor  in  the  spirit,  and  add  the  oils. 

OIL  OF  MUSTARD  (Br.,  Ger.). 

The  oil  distilled  from  the  seeds  of  black  mustard,  after  expression  of  the 
fixed  oil. 

Used  externally  as  a  rubefacient. 

EXPRESSED  OIL  OF  MUSTARD. 

The  oil  expressed  from  the  seeds  of  both  the  officinal  species  of  mustard. 
Used  as  a  vehicle,  etc. 


SODIUM—  SODIUM. 
SODA  (U.  S.,  Br.)— SODA— CAUSTIC  SODA. 

Take  of  solution  of  soda  a  convenient  quantity.  Evaporate  rapidly  in 
an  iron  vessel  until  ebullition  ceases  and  the  soda  melts.  Pour  this  on  a 
flat  stone,  and  when  it  has  congealed,  break  in  pieces,  and  preserve  in  a 
well-stopped  bottle. 

Soda  is  very  soluble  in  water  and  in  alcohol.  Exposed  to  the  air  it  first 
becomes  moist,  and  afterward  effloresces.  It  is  a  powerful  alkali,  and  is 
occasionally  used  as  an  escharotic. 

For  internal  use  the  officinal  solution  is  generally  employed. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Liquor  Sodae  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Solution  of  Soda. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  sodium 26  ounces. 

Lime 8  ounces. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  carbonate  in  3^  pints  of  distilled  water,  and  heat  to  the 
boiling  point.  Mix  the  lime  with  3  pints  of  distilled  water,  heat  to  the 
boiling  point,  add  the  solution  of  the  carbonate,  strain,  and  add  sufficient 
distilled  water  through  the  strainer  to  make  6  pints. 

It  is  a  colorless  liquid,  of  an  extremely  acrid  taste,  and  a  strong,  alka- 
line reaction.  Used  in  preparations,  and  occasionally  as  an  antacid. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  minims. 


3  4: 8  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Liquor  Sodae  Chlorinates  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Solution  of  Chlorinated 

Soda. 

Take  of  Chlorinated  lime 12  ounces. 

Carbonate  of  sodium 24  ounces. 

Water 12  pints. 

Dissolve  the  carbonate  in  3  pints  of  the  water,  and  mix  the  chlorinated 
lime  thoroughly  with  the  remainder.  Let  the  latter  mixture  stand  twenty- 
four  hours,  then  decant  the  clear  liquid,  place  the  residue  on  a  strainer, 
and  allow  it  to  drain  until  enough  liquid  has  passed  to  make,  with  that  de- 
canted, 8  pints.  Mix  this  with  the  solution  of  the  carbonate,  and  strain, 
adding  water,  if  necessary,  to  make  114  pints. 

It  is  a  greenish  yellow,  transparent  liquid,  having  a  slight  odor  of  chlo- 
rine, and  a  sharp,  saline  taste.  Used  internally  as  an  antiseptic  in  low 
fevers,  etc.,  and  topically  as  a  disinfectant  application  to  foul  ulcers  and 
wounds,  in  diphtheria,  scarlatina,  etc. 

The  British  preparation  is  made  by  passing  chlorine  through  a  solution 
of  carbonate  of  sodium. 

Dose  :  30  to  60  minims. 

PREPARATIONS. 

CHLORINE  POULTICE  (Br.). 

Take  of  Solution  of  chlorinated  soda 2  ounces. 

Linseed  meal 4  ounces. 

Boiling  water 8  ounces. 

Mix  the  linseed  meal  with  the  water,  then  add  the  solution  of  chlori- 
nated soda,  with  constant  stirring. 

i 

GARGLE  OP  CHLORINATED  SODA. 

Take  of  Solution  of  chlorinated  soda. 24  minims. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.  Disinfectant.  Very  useful  in  sloughing  phagedsena,  and  putrid 
conditions  of  the  throat.  London  Throat  Hospital. 

LOTION  OF  CHLORINATED  SODA. 

Take  of  Solution  of  chlorinated  soda ^  ounce. 

Water 3£  ounces. 

Mix.  N.  Y.  Dispensary. 


SODII  ACETAS   (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— ACETATE   OF   SODIUM. 

Prepared  by  neutralizing  acetic  acid  with  carbonate  or  bicarbonate  of 
sodium. 

Used  as  an  alkaline  diuretic  for  the  same  purposes  as  acetate  of  potas- 
sium, but  is  milder  in  its  action,  ancj.  less  apt  to  derange  the  stomach. 

Dose  :  20  grains  to  2  drachms. 


ARSENIATE    OF    SODIUM BENZOATE    OF    SODIUM.  349 


SODI1  AKSENIAS  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— AKSENIATE  OF  SODIUM. 

Take  of  Arsenious  acid 2  ounces. 

Nitrate  of  sodium 816  grains. 

Dried  carbonate  of  sodium 528  grains. 

Distilled  water,  boiling  hot ^  pint. 

Mix  the  powders,  put  the  mixture  into  a  large  clay  crucible,  cover  with 
a  lid,  and  expose  to  a  red  heat  until  fusion  has  taken  place.  Then  pour 
on  a  porcelain  slab,  and  when  solidified,  and  while  still  warm,  dissolve  in 
the  water,  filter,  and  set  aside  to  crystallize.  Drain  the  crystals,  dry  them 
rapidly  on  filtering  paper,  and  keep  in  a  well-stopped  bottle. 

It  is  in  colorless,  transparent  crystals,  slightly  efflorescent,  and  soluble 
in  water.  Produces  the  therapeutic  effects  of  arsenic,  but  is  not  much 
used.' 

Dose  :  y^  to  £  grain. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Liquor   Sodii   Arseniatis   (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Solution   of  Arseniate   of 

Sodium. 

Take  of  Arseniate  of  sodium,  dried  at  300° 64  grains. 

Distilled  water 1  pint. 

Dissolve. 

Dose  :  3  to  10  minims. 

PILLS  OF  AKSENIATE  OP  SODIUM. 

Take  of  Arseniate  of  sodium 2  grains. 

Extract  of  hops 20  grains. 

Sulphate  of  iron 20  grains. 

Extract  of  nux  vomica 3  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  in' o  24  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  three  times  a  day.     In  chronic  eczema,  and  psoriasis. 

Tilbury  Fox. 

Take  of  Arseniate  of  sodium TV  grain. 

Sugar  of  milk 1  grain. 

Extract  of  hops 3  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Ophthalmic  Hospital. 


SODII  BENZOAS— BENZOATE  OF   SODIUM. 

Prepared  by  neutralizing  solution  of  soda  with  benzoic  acid,  evaporating, 
and  crystallizing. 

It  is  in  efflorescent,  crystalline  masses,  soluble  in  water.  Its  effects  are 
similar  to  those  of  benzoic  acid. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 


350  MEDICAL    PORMULAKY. 

INHALATION  OF  BENZOATE  OF  SODIUM. 

Take  of  Benzoate  of  sodium 20  grains. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Dissolve.     Antiseptic.     Used  by  means  of  an  atomizer. 

London  Throat  Hospital. 


SODII   BICARBONAS  (II.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— BICARBONATE   OF 

SODIUM. 

/ 

Take  of  Commercial  bicarbonate  of  sodium 04  ounces. 

Distilled  water , .     6  pints. 

« 

Introduce  the  bicarbonate  into  a  percolator,  cover  with  wet  muslin,  and 
pour  the  water  gradually  upon  it.  When  the  water  has  ceased  to  drop, 
remove  the  salt  from  the  percolator,  and  dry  it  on  bibulous  paper. 

Commercial  bicarbonate  of  sodium  is  prepared  by  passing  carbonic  acid 
through  a  solution  of  carbonate  of  sodium. 

Bicarbonate  of  sodium  is  a  white,  opaque  powder,  wholly  soluble  in 
water.  It  is  the  least  irritating  of  the  alkaline  carbonates,  and  is  frequently 
employed  as  an  antacid  in  'dyspepsia,  in  gout,  rheumatism,  etc. 

Dose  :  10  to  60  grains. 


PREPARATIONS. 

Pulveres  Eflfervescentes  (IT.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.) — Effervescing  Powders. 

Take  of  Bicarbonate  of  sodium 360  grains. 

Tartaric  acid 300  grains. 

Divide  each  into  12  equal  parts,  and  keep  the  parts  of  the  bicarbonate, 
and  those  of  the  acid,  in  papers  of  different  colors. 

A  powder  of  each  kind  is  dissolved  in  3  or  4  ounces  of  water,  the  solu- 
tions mixed,  and  administered  while  in  a  state  of  effervescence. 

Trochisci  Sodii  Bicarbonatis  (U.  S.,  Br.,   Fr.)— Troches  of  Bicarbo- 
nate of  Sodium. 

Take  of  Bicarbonate  of  sodium 3  ounces. 

Sugar 9  ounces. 

Nutmeg 60  grains. 

Mucilage  of  tragacanth , , .     sufficient. 

Rub  together  the  bicarbonate,  sugar,  and  nutmeg,  then  with  the  muci- 
lage form  a  mass,  to  be  divided  into  480  troches. 
Dose  :  1  to  6  troches. 


BICARBONATE    OF    SODIUM.  351 

EFFERVESCENT  CITRO-TARTRATE  OF  SODA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Bicarbonate  of  sodium •   17  ounces. 

Tartaric  acid 8  ounces. 

Citric  acid 6  ounces. 

Mix  thoroughly,  place  in  a  dish  heated  to  between  200°  and  220°,  and 
when  particles  begin  to  aggregate,  stir  until  they  assume  a  granular  form. 
Dose  :  60  grains  to  ^  ounce. 

EFFERVESCING  SOLUTION  OF  SODA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Bicarbonate  of  sodium 30  grains. 

Water 20  ounces. 

Dissolve  and  filter,  then  pass  into  the  solution  as  much  carbonic  acid 
as  can  be  introduced  with  a  pressure  of  seven  atmospheres.  Keep  in  bot- 
tles securely  closed. 

LOTION  OF  BICARBONATE  OF  SODIUM. 

Take  of  Bicarbonate  of  sodium 1  drachm. 

Glycerin 1£  drachm. 

Elder-flower  water 6|  ounces. 

Mix.     Used  in  eczema,  lichen,  and  urticaria,  to  allay  itching. 

Tilbury  Fox. 

MIXTURES  OF  BICARBONATE  OF  SODIUM. 

Take  of  Bicarbonate  of  sodium 1  ounce. 

Tincture  of  ginger 2  drachms. 

Compound  tincture  of  gentian 1  ounce. 

Water 5  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  2  drachms.  Hospital  Formulary. 

Take  of  Bicarbonate  of  sodium 1  ounce. 

Compound  tincture  of  cardamom 2  ounces. 

Compound  tincture  of  gentian 2  ounces. 

Peppermint  water 3  pints. 

Mix.  N.  Y.  Dispensary. 

POWDERS  OF  BICARBONATE  OF  SODIUM. 

Take  of  Bicarbonate  of  sodium 2£  grains, 

Calomel 9 |-  grain. 

Aromatic  chalk  powder 5  grains. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Guy's  Hospital. 

Take  of  Bicarbonate  of  sodium 1  drachm. 

Opium 1  grain. 

Ipecac 1  grain. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  20  powders. 

Dose  :  1  powder  every  three  or  four  hours. 

Hospital  for  Ruptured  and  Crippled. 


352  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 


SODII  BOR4S  (U.  S.  et   al.  Ph.)— BOKATE  OF  SODIUM— 

BOEAX. 

Borax  occurs  in  the  waters  of  certain  lakes  in  Thibet  and  Persia,  and 
also  of  one  in  California.  It  is  also  prepared  from  certain  minerals,  as 
boracite,  etc. 

Borax  occurs  in  colorless  crystals,  of  a  mildly  alkaline  taste,  and  soluble 
in  water.  It  is  mildly  refrigerant  and  diuretic,  and  is  occasionally  used  in 
rheumatic  and  gouty  affections.  Its  chief  use,  however,  is  as  a  topical  ap- 
plication in  aphthae,  sore  nipples,  leucorrhcea,  skin  diseases,  etc. 

Dose  :  5  to  40  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Glyceritum  Sodii  Boratis  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Glycerite  of  Borate  of  Sodium, 

Take  of  Borate  of  sodium 2  ounces. 

Glycerin , %  pint. 

Rub  together  until  the  borate  of  sodium  is  dissolved. 

Mel  Sodii  Boratis  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Honey  of  Borate  of  Sodium. 

Take  of  Borate  of  sodium 60  grains. 

Clarified  honey  (by  weight) 1  ounce. 

Mix. 

GARGLES  OF  BORAX. 

Take  of  Borax 2  drachms. 

Yeast %  ounce. 

Honey 4-  ounce. 

Water to  8  ounces. 

Mix.  Bell's  Gargle — Hospital  Formulary. 

LOTIONS  OF  BORAX. 

Take  of  Borax 1  drachm. 

Hydrocyanic  acid 2  drachms. 

Rose  water 8  ounces. 

Mix.     Used  in  pruritus  of  old  people.  Neligan. 

Take  of  Borax. ^  ounce. 

Sulphate  of  morphia 6  grains. 

Rose  water 8  ounces. 

Mix.     Used  in  pruritus  vulvse.  C.  D.  Meigs. 

Take  of  Borax - 40  grains. 

Oxide  of  zinc 1  drachm. 

Solution  of  subacetate  of  lead 2  drachms. 

Lime  water . .  6  to  8  ounces. 

Mix.     Used  in  eczema  and  herpes.  Tilbury  Fox. 


BOROBENZOATE    OF    SODIUM BROMIDE    OF    SODIUM.  353 

OINTMENT  OP  BORAX. 

Take  of  Borax Ito2  drachms. 

Glycerin 1  drachm. 

Lard 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Used  in  eczema,  erythema,  intertrigo,  lichen,  and  parasitic  dis- 

TUbury  Fox. 


SODII  BOEO-BENZOAS— BOEO-BENZOATE  OF  SODIUM. 

Take  of  Borate  of  sodium 3  ounces. 

Benzoate  of  sodium 4  ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Dissolve  the  borate  and  the  benzoate  in  the  water,  and  evaporate  slow- 
ly, stirring  toward  the  end  of  the  process  so  as  to  obtain  a  granular  salt. 

"  This  mixture  was  proposed  by  the  writer  two  years  ago,  as  a  means  of 
combining  the  stimulant  and  antizymotic  powers  of  borax  and  benzoic 
acid."  W.  M.  Chamberlain. 

1 
LOTION  OF  BOEO-BENZOATE  OF  SODIUM. 

Take  of  Boro-benzoate  of  sodium 1  ounce. 

Fluid  extract  of  hydrastis 1  ounce. 

Glycerin 1  drachm. 

Carbolic  acid 20  minims. 

Camphor  water 6  ounces. 

Water 6  ounces. 

Mix.  Used  in  naso-pharyngeal  catarrh.  After  cleansing  the  parts,  ap- 
ply the  lotion,  either  by  means  of  the  syringe  or  the  nasal  spray-bulb, 
three  times  daily.  Under  its  use  the  secretion  diminishes,  and  the  swell- 
ing and  oedema  of  the  nasal  membranes  disappear. 

"  This  formula  has  been  employed  by  several  competent  observers,  and 
the  general  report  has  been  favorable."  W.  M.  Chamberlain. 


SODII  BEOMIDUM— BEOMIDE  OF  SODIUM. 

Prepared  by  subjecting  iron  filings,  mixed  with  water,  to  the  action  of 
bromine,  precipitating  with  solution  of  carbonate  of  sodium,  filtering,  and 
crystallizing. 

Bromide  of  sodium  occurs  in  colorless,  transparent  crystals,  of  a  slightly 
alkaline  taste,  and  freely  soluble  in  water.  Its  effects  are  similar  to  those 
of  bromide  of  potassium,  and  it  is  administered  in  the  same  manner. 

Dose  :  5  to  60  grains. 
23 


354  MEDICAL    FOKMULARY. 

SODIl   CARBOKAS    (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)—  CARBONATE   OF 

SODIUM. 

Carbonate  of  sodium  exists  in  many  mineral  waters,  in  the  ashes  of 
many  plants,  and  in  numerous  minerals.  It  occurs  in  commerce  in  large, 
colorless  crystals,  or  crystalline  masses,  of  a  strong,  alkaline  taste,  and  freely 
soluble  in  water.  It  is  less  irritating  than  carbonate  of  potassium,  and 
may  be  used  for  the  same  purposes,  though  the  bicarbonate  is  generally 
preferred. 

Dose  :  10  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Sodii  Carbonas  Exsiccata  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Ger.) — Dried  Carbonate  of  So- 
dium. 

Take  of  carbonate  of  sodium,  a  convenient  quantity.  Heat  in  an  iron 
vessel,  with  constant  stirring,  until  it  is  thoroughly  dried. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  grains. 

LOTION  OF  CARBONATE  OF  SODIUM. 

Take  of  Carbonate  of  sodium £  ounce. 

Sulphate  of  morphia 6  grains. 

Elder-flower  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Used  in  eczema,  lichen,  and  urticaria,  to  allay  itching. 

Tilbury  FOJ: 


SODII   CHLORIDUM  (IT.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CHLORIDE   OF   SO- 
DIUM—COMMON  SALT. 

Salt  occurs  native  as  rock  salt,  and  exists  in  large  proportions  in  sea- 
water,  and  in  the  waters  of  most  saline  springs.  Its  chief  use  in  medicine 
is  as  a  topical  application  in  catarrhal  affections  of  the  mucous  membranes, 
etc. 

INHALATION  OF  SALT. 

Take  of  Salt 40  grains. 

Water    8  ounces. 

Dissolve.      Stimulant.     Used  by  means  of  a  steam-atomizer. 

G.  M.  Lejferts. 


HYPO  PHOSPHITE    OF    SODIUM IODIDE    OF    SODIUM.  355 


SODJI  HYPOPIIOSPHIS  (U.  S.,  Br.)— HYPOPIIOSPHITE  OF 

SODIUM. 

Prepared  by  precipitating  a  solution  of  hypophosphite  of  calcium  with 
carbonate  of  sodium,  filtering,  and  evaporating. 

Hypophosphite  of  sodium  occurs  as  a  white,  granular  salt,  of  a  bitter, 
saline  taste,  and  freely  soluble  in  water.  It  is  used  in  chronic  bronchitis, 
phthisis,  nervous  diseases,  etc. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  grains.  See  Compound  Syrup  of  Hypophosphites. 

MIXTURE  OF  HYPOPHOSPHITE  OF  SODIUM. 
Take  of  Hypophosphite  of  sodium 5  grains. 

Spirit  of  chloroform 10  minims. 

Syrup ^  drachm. 

Camphor  water I  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  London  Chest  Hospital. 

SODII   HYPOSULPHIS   (U.    S.  et  al.   Ph.)— HYPOSULPHITE 

OF   SODIUM. 

Prepared  by  heating  sulphur  with  dried  carbonate  of  sodium,  dissolv- 
ing in  water,  adding  sulphur,  and  boiling.  The  resulting  solution  is  fil- 
tered, evaporated,  and  crystallized. 

Hyposulphite  of  sodium  is  in  large,  colorless  crystals,  of  a  slightly  al- 
kaline, bitter,  sulphurous  taste,  and  freely  soluble  in  water. 

Owing  to  its  power  in  arresting  fermentation  it  is  used  in  certain  forms 
of  dyspepsia,  in  zymotic  diseases,  and  externally  in  cutaneous  affections 
characterized  by  vegetable  parasites,  etc. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  grains. 

LOTION  OF  HYPOSULPHITE  OF  SODIUM. 

Take  of  Hyposulphite  of  sodium 1  ounce. 

Glycerin 1  ounce. 

Water 3  ounces. 

Mix.     Used  in  pruritus  vaginse.  Tilbury  Fox. 


SODII   IODIDUM— IODIDE   OF  SODIUM. 

Prepared  by  decomposing  a  solution  of  iodide  of  iron  with  carbonate 
of  sodium,  filtering,  evaporating,  and  crystallizing. 

Iodide  of  sodium  occurs  in  colorless  crystals,  of  an  acrid,  saline  taste, 
and  freely  soluble  in  water.  Its  effects  are  similar  to  those  of  iodide  of 
potassium,  for  which  it  is  occasionally  substituted  in  the  treatment  of 
syphilis,  etc. 

Dose  :  5  to  40  grains. 


356  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

SATURATED  SOLUTION  OF  IODIDE  OF  SODIUM. 

Take  of  Iodide  of  sodium 1  ounce. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Dissolve.     Dose  :  5  to  10  minims,  increased  as  desired,  largely  diluted 
with  water.     In  syphilis.  E.  L.  Keyes. 


SODII  PHOSPHAS  (U.   S.  et  al.  Ph.)— PHOSPHATE  OF 

SODIUM. 

Take  of  Bone,  calcined  to  whiteness 120  ounces. 

Sulphuric  acid  (by  weight) 72  ounces. 

Carbonate  of  sodium sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  the  bone  and  acid  in  an  earthen  vessel,  add  8  pints  of  water,  di- 
gest three  days,  stirring  frequently,  and  adding  water  to  replace  that  lost 
by  evaporation.  Then  add  8  pints  of  boiling  water,  and  strain,  gradually 
adding  more  boiling  water  until  it  passes  nearly  tasteless.  Allow  it  to 
settle,  decant,  and  boil  down  to  8  pints.  Heat  in  an  iron  vessel,  neutralize 
with  carbonate  of  sodium  previously  dissolved  in  hot  water,  filter,  and  set 
aside  to  crystallize. 

Phosphate  of  sodium  is  in  transparent  crystals,  which  speedily  effloresce 
when  exposed  to  the  air,  have  a  cooling,  saline  taste,  and  are  freely  soluble 
in  water. 

It  is  used  in  scrofula,  joint  diseases,  rickets,  etc. 

Dose  :  20  to  40  grains. 


SODII  SALICYLAS— SALIC YLATE  OF  SODIUM. 

This  salt  may  be  prepared  by  carefully  adding  soda  or  carbonate  of 
sodium  to  a  saturated  solution  of  salicylic  acid  in  alcohol  or  diluted  alco- 
hol, and  evaporating  to  dryness  on  a  water-bath.  Care  should  be  taken 
not  to  exceed  the  point  of  saturation,  for  if  there  be  an  excess  of  alkali  the 
solution  will  turn  brown.  It  is  safer  to  stop  just  short  of  saturation. 

Charles  Rice. 

Dose  •  5  to  30  grains.  Commonly  administered  in  aqueous  solution, 
sweetened  with  syrup  or  glycerin. 

Sodii  Santonas  (Ger.) — Santonate  of  Sodium. 

Take  of  Santonin 100   parts. 

Caustic  soda,  freshly  prepared 13.2  parts. 

Water 450   parts. 

Introduce  the  santonin  into  a  flask,  add  the  soda  previously  dissolved 
in  the  water,  and  heat  on  a  water-bath  until  a  clear  solution  results  ;  then 


SULPHITE  OF  SODIUM SULPHOCABBOLATE  OF  SODIUM.  357 

filter,  evaporate  till  a  pellicle  forms,  and  set  aside  to  crystallize.  From  the 
mother-water  the  retained  santonin  may  be  recovered  by  precipitating  it 
with  hydrochloric  acid.  Charles  Rice. 

Santonate  of  sodium  is  in  colorless,  transparent  crystals,  of  a  bitter, 
saline  taste,  and  soluble  in  3  parts  of  cold  water  ;  120  parts  of  it  corre- 
spond with  100  parts  of  santonin. 

Dose  :  ^  to  3  grains,  for  children ;  3  to  6  grains,  for  adults. 


OP  SANTONATE  OF  SODIUM. 

Take  of  Santonate  of  sodium 307  grains. 

Simple  elixir 1  pint 

Dissolve.     Each  drachm  represents  2  grains  of  santonin. 

Charles  Rice. 
Dose  :  15  minims  to  1^-  drachm,  for  children. 


SODII  SULPHIS  (U.  S.)— SULPHITE  OF   SODIUM. 

Prepared  by  passing  sulphurous  acid  gas  through  a  solution  of  car- 
bonate of  sodium  until  it  acquires  an  acid  reaction,  evaporating,  and  crys- 
tallizing. 

Sulphite  of  sodium  is  in  colorless  crystals,  of  a  cooling,  sulphurous 
taste,  and  freely  soluble  in  water.  It  is  used  in  the  same  manner  as  hypo- 
sulphite of  sodium,  to  arrest  fermentation,  etc. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  grains. 

MIXTURE  OF  SULPHITE  OF  SODIUM. 

Take  of  Sulphite  of  sodium 20  grains. 

Infusion  calumba. 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Royal  Chest  Hospital. 


SODII  SULPHOCARBOLAS— SULPHOCAEBOLATE  OF 

SODIUM. 

Prepared  bv  precipitating  a  solution  of  sulphocarbolate  of  barium  with 
carbonate  of  sodium,  filtering,  evaporating,  and  crystallizing. 

Sulphocarbolate  of  sodium  is  in  colorless  crystals,  freely  soluble  in 
water.  It  has  been  used  in  low  fevers,  diphtheria,  phthisis,  etc. 

Dose  :  5  to  20  grains. 


358  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

GARGLE  OF  SULPHOCARBOLATE  OF  SODIUM. 
Take  of  Sulphocarbolate  of  sodium 4  grains. 

Borax 18  grains. 

Glycerin 24  minims. 

Distilled  water to  1  ounce. 

Mix,  and  dissolve.     Antiseptic.  London  Throat  Hospital. 

MIXTURE  OF  SULPHOCARBOLATE  OF  SODIUM. 

Take  of  Sulphocarbolate  of  sodium 20  grains. 

Camphor  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Eoyal  Chest  Hospital. 


SPIGELIA  (U.  S.)— SPIGELIA— PINKROOT. 

The  root  of  Spigelia  Marilandica,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Loganiacece) ,  an  herba- 
ceous perennial  indigenous  to  the  Southern  States. 

Pinkroot  is  an  excellent  anthelmintic  for  lumbrici.  In  very  large  doses 
it  vomits  and  purges,  and  may  act  as  a  narcotic  poison,  producing  vertigo, 
convulsions,  and  insensibility. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms.     It  should  be  followed  bv  a  brisk  cathartic. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  Spigeliae  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Spigelia. 

Take  of  Spigelia 16  ounces. 

Glycerin ^  pint. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  8  ounces  of  alcohol  with  4  ounces  each  of  glycerin  and  water, 
moisten  the  spigelia  with  4  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according 
to  the  general  formula,  page  161.  Continue  the  percolation  with  diluted 
alcohol  until  26  ounces  are  obtained  ;  reserve  the  first  10  ounces,  add  4 
ounces  of  glycerin  to  the  remainder,  evaporate  to  6  ounces,  and  mix  with 
the  reserved  portion. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 

i 

Extractum  Spigeliae  et   Sennae  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid   Extract  of 

Spigelia  and  Senna. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  spigelia 10  ounces. 

Fluid  extract  of  senna 6  ounces. 

Oil  of  anise 20  minims. 

Oil  of  caraway 20  minims. 

Mix  the  extracts,  and  dissolve  the  oils  in  the  mixture. 
Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms. 


QUEEN'S  DELIGHT.  .      359 

Infusum  Spigeliae  (U.  S.)— Infusion  of  Spigelia. 

Take  of  Spigelia j  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Macerate  two  hours  in  a  covered  vessel,  and  strain. 

Dose :  4-  to  1  ounce  for  cliildren  ;  4  to  8  ounces  for  adults. 


STILLINGIA  (U.  S.)— STILLESTGIA— QUEEN'S  DELIGHT. 

The  root  of  Stillingia  sylvatica,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  EuphvrUacece),  an  herba- 
ceous perennial  indigenous  to  the  United  States,  growing  from  Virginia 
southward.  It  is  diaphoretic  and  alterative,  and  is  used  in  scrofula, 
syphilis,  chronic  cutaneous  diseases,  chronic  rheumatism,  etc. 

Dose  :  15  to  40  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  Stillingise  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Stillingia. 

Take  of  Stillingia 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  12  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  1  of  water,  moisten  the 
stillingia  with  4  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  gen- 
eral formula,  page  161.  Finish  the  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol,  re- 
serve 14  ounces,  and  add  1  ounce  of  glycerin  to  the  remainder,  before  evap- 
oration. 

Dose  :    15  to  40  minims. 

COMPOUND  SYRUP  OF  STUJJXGIA. 

Take  of  Stillingia 6  parts. 

Turkey  corn 6  parts. 

Blue  flag 3  parts. 

Elder  flowers 3  parts. 

Pipsissewa 3  parts. 

Coriander 2  parts. 

Prickly  ash  berries 2  parts. 

Sugar 55  parts. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Having  reduced  the  solid  ingredients,  except  the  sugar,  to  a  coarse 
powder,  moisten,  pack,  and  percolate,  with  a  menstruum  of  1  part  of  alco- 
hol and  3  parts  of  water.  Reserve  the  first  35  parts  of  percolate,  evaporate 
the  next  25  parts  to  7  parts,  which  are  to  be  mixed  with  3  parts  of  alcohol, 
and  then  with  the  reserved  35  parts.  Lastly,  dissolve  the  sugar  in  this 
liquid.  J.  U.  Lloyd. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms. 


360  MEDICAL    FOKMULARY. 

STRAMONIUM— THOKN-  APPLE. 
STRAMONII     FOLIA     (U.     S.     et     al.     Ph.)— STRAMONIUM 

LEAVES. 
STRAMONII  SEMEN  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— STRAMONIUM  SEED. 

The  leaves  and  seed  of  Datura  Stramonium,  L.  (NaL  ord.,  Solanacece)  a 
large  annual  herb  indigenous  to  Asia,  but  naturalized  in  all  temperate  re- 
gions, and  found  growing  in  waste  places.  It  has  a  very  strong,  disagreea- 
ble odor,  and  a  nauseous  taste.  Both  the  leaves  and  seed  contain  an 
alkaloid  termed  daturia,  to  which  they  owe  their  medicinal  activity. 

Stramonium  is  a  narcotic,  and  in  its  action  closely  resembles  bella- 
donna. It  is  used  in  neuralgia,  whooping-cough,  epilepsy,  asthma,  etc. 
The  dried  leaves  are  often  smoked  for  temporary  relief  in  asthmatic  parox- 
ysms. In  over-doses  stramonium  is  a  dangerous  poison. 

Dose  :  Of  the  leaves,  1  to  5  grains  ;  of  the  seed,  1  to  3  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum  Stramonii  Foliorum  (U.  S.,  Fr.) — Extract  of  Stramonium 

Leaves. 

Take  of  Stramonium  leaves,  recently  dried 12  ounces. 

Alcohol 1  pint. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  stramonium  with  the  alcohol,  then  percolate  with  diluted 
alcohol  until  1  pint  is  obtained ;  allow  this  to  evaporate  spontaneously  to 
3  ounces.  Continue  the  percolation  until  2  pints  more  are  obtained,  or  the 
stramonium  is  exhausted  ;  evaporate  this  on  a  water-bath,  at  or  below  160°, 
to  the  consistence  of  syrup,  mix  with  the  reserved  portion,  and  continue  the 
evaporation,  at  or  below  120°,  until  it  is  reduced  to  a  proper  consistence. 

Dose  :  £  to  1  grain. 

The  French  Codex  and  German  Pharmacopoeia  prepare  also  an  extract 
from  the  fresh  leaves. 

Extractum   Stramonii    Seminis  (U.  S.,   Br.,  Fr.) — Extract  of  Stra- 
monium Seed. 

Take  of  Stramonium  seed,  in  powder 1G  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Macerate  the  powder  in  1  pint  of  diluted  alcohol  for  four  days,  then 
percolate  until  2  pints  are  obtained.  Distil  off  the  alcohol,  and  evaporate 
on  a  water-bath  until  reduced  to  a  proper  consistence. 

Dose  :  ^  to  %  grain. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  treats  the  powder  first  with  ether,  in  order  to 
deprive  it  of  its  oil,  and  then  proceeds  as  above. 


STRYCHNINE.  361 

Tinctura  Stramonii  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Tincture  OA  Stramonium. 

Take  of  Stramonium  seed,  in  powder 4  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  10  to  20  minims. 

The  French  Codex  prepares  one  tincture  from  fresh,  another  from  dried 
leaves,  but  none  from  the  seed. 

Unguentum  Stramonii  (U.  S.) — Stramonium  Ointment. 

Take  of  Extract  of  stramonium 60  grains. 

Water 4-  drachm. 

Lard 420  grains. 

Rub  the  extract  with  the  water,  then  add  the  lard,  and  mix. 

MIXTURE  OF  STRAMONIUM. 
Take  of  Tincture  of  stramonium 4-  drachm. 

Ether £  drachm. 

Tincture  of  opium 5  minims. 

Camphor  water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     One  dose.  Royal  Chest  Hospital. 

PILLS  OF  STRAMONIUM. 

Take  of  Extract  of  stramonium 6  grains. 

Extract  of  hyoscyamus 6  grains. 

Extract  of  opium 6  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  12  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  every  three  to  six  hours.     In  dysmenorrhoea  and  neuralgia. 

Bartholow. 

Take  of  Extract  of  stramonium £  grain. 

Camphor 1  grain. 

Squill 2  grains. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Make  1  pill.  St.  Mary's  Hospital 


STRYCHNIA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— STRYCHNIA— STRYCHNINE. 

Take  of  Nux  vomica,  rasped 48  ounces. 

Lime,  in  powder 6  ounces. 

Hydrochloric  acid  (by  weight) 3£  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid sufficient. 

Water  of  ammonia sufficient. 

Purified  animal  charcoal sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Macerate  the  nux  vomica  twenty-four  hours  in  16  pints  of  water,  acidu- 
lated with  one-third  of  the  hydrochloric  acid  ;  then  boil  two  hours,  express, 


362  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

and  strain.  Treat  the  residue  twice  successively  in  like  manner,  mix  the 
decoctions,  and  evaporate  to  a  thin  syrup.  Then  add  the  lime,  previously 
mixed  with  1  pint  of  water,  boil  ten  minutes,  strain,  wash,  dry,  and  powder 
it.  Treat  the  powder  repeatedly  with  diluted  alcohol  to  remove  the  brucia, 
until  the  washings  are  but  faintly  reddened  by  nitric  acid.  Then  boil  it 
with  successive  portions  of  alcohol  until  deprived  of  bitterness,  mix  the 
tinctures,  distil  off  the  alcohol,  wash  the  residue,  mix  it  with  water,  and  add 
sufficient  diluted  sulphuric  acid  to  dissolve  the  alcohol.  Then  add  the 
charcoal,  boil  a  few  minutes,  filter,  evaporate,  and  crystallize.  Dissolve  the 
crystals  in  water,  and  add  sufficient  water  of  ammonia  to  precipitate  the 
strychnine.  Lastly,  dry  this  on  bibulous  paper. 

Strychnia  is  a  white,  or  grayish-white  powder,  of  an  intensely  bitter 
taste,  nearly  insoluble  in  water,  slightly  soluble  in  cold,  and  readily  soluble 
in  boiling  alcohol. 

Its  effects  do  not  differ  materially  from  those  of  nux  voinica,  which  see. 

Dose  :  -fa  to  -fg  grain. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Strychniae  Sulphas  (U.  S.,  Fr.) — Sulphate  of  Strych. 

Take  of  Strychnia 1  ounce. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid 9  drachms,  or  sufficient. 

Distilled  water 1  pint. 

*  Mix  the  strychnia  with  the  water,  heat  gently,  and  gradually  add  the 
acid  until  the  alkaloid  is  dissolved.  Filter,  evaporate,  and  crystallize; 
drain  the  crystals,  dry  them  rapidly  on  bibulous  paper,  and  keep  in  a  well- 
stopped  bottle. 

It  is  a  white,  crystalline,  efflorescent  salt,  of  an  intensely  bitter  taste, 
and  readily  soluble  in  water.  Owing  to  its  solubility,  it  is  frequently  em- 
ployed instead  of  strychnia. 

Dose  :  -gV  to  TV  grain. 

HYPODEKMIC  INJECTION  OF  STRYCHNIA. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  strychnia 2  grains. 

Distilled  water 1  ounce. 

Dissolve  with  the  aid  of  heat. 

Five  minims  contain  -fa  grain.  Bartholow. 

MIXTURES  OF  STRYCHNIA. 

Take  of  Acetate  of  strychnia 1  grain. 

Compound  tincture  of  cardamom £  drachm. 

Alcohol 2£  drachms. 

Water 2  J  drachms. 

Syrup .  to  4  ounces. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm.  Hospital  Formulary. 


SULPHUR.  363 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  strychnia -].  grain. 

Diluted  sulphuric  acid %  ounce. 

Sulphate  of  morphia 2  grains. 

Camphor  water 3^  ounces. 

}Iix.  Dose  :  1  drachm  every  hour  or  two,  in  choleraic,  and  colliquative 
diarrhoea.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  strychnia 1  grain. 

Pyrophosphate  of  iron j.  drachm. 

Diluted  phosphoric  acid 1  ounce. 

Syrup  of  ginger 3£  ounces. 

Mix.  Dose  :  20  minims  three  times  a  day,  for  a  child  two  years  old. 
In  infantile  paralysis.  Hammond. 

| 

SOLUTION  OF  STRYCHNIA  (Br.). 

Take  of  Strychnia,  in  crystals 4  grains. 

Diluted  hydrochloric  acid 6  minims. 

Rectified  spirit 2  drachms. 

Distilled  water 6  drachms. 

Mix  the  acid  with  4  drachms  of  the  water,  and  dissolve  the  strychnia 
in  the  mixture  by  the  aid  of  heat ;  then  add  the  spirit  and  the  remainder  of 
the  water. 

Dose  :  5  to  10  minims.  It  should  be  termed  solution  of  hydrochlorate 
of  strychnia. 


SULPHUR  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SULPHUR. 

Sulphur  is  found  native  in  many  volcanic  countries,  and  is  widely  dis- 
tributed in  the  mineral  kingdom,  in  various  combinations.  It  is  a  non- 
metallic  element,  crystallizable,  of  a  yellow  color,  a  feeble  but  peculiar  odor 
and  taste,  insoluble  in  water,  and  volatilizable  by  heat. 

It  is  employed  internally  as  a  mild  laxative,  especially  in  hemorrhoids, 
but  its  chief  use  is  as  a  topical  application  in  scabies,  and  other  diseases  of 
the  skin. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Sulphur  Sublimatum  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Sublimed  Sulphur. 

Prepared  by  subliming  the  crude  article  by  heat.  It  is  often  strongly 
acid. 

Sulphur  Lotum  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Washed  Sulphur. 

Prepared  by  washing  sublimed  sulphur  with  water  until  entirely  free 
from  acid. 


364  MEDICAL    FORMULAE Y. 

Sulphur  Praecipitatum  (IT.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Precipitated  Sulphur. 

Take  of  Sublimed  sulphur 12  ounces. 

Lime 18  ounces. 

Hydrochloric  acid sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Slake  the  lime  with  water,  mix  the  sulphur  with  it,  add  15  pints  of 
water,  boil  two  hours,  adding  water  to  preserve  the  measure,  and  filter. 
Dilute  the  filtered  liquid  with  an  equal  bulk  of  water,  and  drop  in  the  acid 
as  long  as  a  precipitate  is  produced.  Lastly,  wash  and  dry  the  precipitate. 

Unguentum  Sulphuris  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Sulphur  Ointment. 

Take  of  Sublimed  sulphur 1  ounca 

Lard ". 2  ounces. 

Mix. 

The  German  preparation  is  identical  with  this  ;  the  British  but  half  the 
strength.  The  French  Codex  directs  :  sulphur,  3  parts  ;  oil  of  almonds, 
2  parts  ;  benzoated  lard,  6  parts. 

COMPOUND  SULPHUR  OINTMENT  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Washed  sulphur 1  part. 

Sulphate  of  zinc 1  part. 

Lard 8  parts. 

Mix. 

CONFECTION  or  SULPHUR  (Br.). 

Take  of  Sublimed  sulphur 4  ounces. 

Bitartrate  of  potassium 1  ounce. 

Syrup  of  orange  peel 4  ounces. 

Rub  well  together. 
Dose  :  60  to  120  grains. 

CONFECTION  OF  SULPHUR  AND  NUTMEG. 

Take  of  Sulphur 1  ounce. 

Nutmeg 2  drachms. 

Confection  of  rose 2  drachms. 

Mix.     Dose  :  %  ounce  at  bedtime.     In  painful  internal  hemorrhoids. 

Hospital  for  Ruptured  and  Crippled. 

LOTIONS  OF  SULPHUR. 

Take  of  Sulphur 1  drachm. 

Glycerin 1  ounce. 

Hose  water 10  ounces. 

Mix.  Apply  two  or  three  times  daily.  In  acne  of  young  women  with 
disordered  menses.  Ringer. 


IODIDE    OF    SULPHUR.  365 

Take  of  Sulphur 1  part. 

Glycerin 1  part. 

Rectified  spirit 1  part. 

Carbonate  of  potassium 1  part. 

Sulphuric  ether-. 1  part. 

Mix.     To  be  rubbed  into  the  part  affected  with  comedo. 

Tilbury  Fox. 

Take  of  Lime 1  part. 

Sulphur 2  parts. 

Water 20  parts. 

Slake  the  lime  with  some  of  the  water,  then  add  the  remainder  and  the 
sulphur,  boil  to  12  parts,  and  filter.     Used  in  scabies. 

Vlemingkx's  Solution. 

POWDER  OP  SULPHUR. 

Take  of  Sublimed  sulphur 1  ounce. 

Bitartrate  of  potassium 1  ounce. 

Sulphate  of  magnesium 1  ounce. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium 1  ounce. 

Mix  thoroughly. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  drachms  in  a  wineglass  of  sweetened  water,  before  break- 
fast.    For  puerperal  women  predisposed  to  hemorrhoids. 

Fordyce  Barker. 

OINTMENTS  OF  SULPHUR. 

Take  of  Sublimed  sulphur 10  parts. 

Tannic  acid 5  parts. 

Petroleum  ointment 85  parts. 

Mix.     In  acne  and  rosacea.  G.  H.  Fox. 

Take  of  Sulphur 6  parts. 

Tar 6  parts. 

Soft  soap 16  parts. 

Lard -16  parts. 

Chalk 4  parts. 

Mix.     Used  in  scabies.  Hebra. 


SULPHURIS  IODIDUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— IODIDE  OF 

SULPHUR. 

Take  of  Iodine 4  ounces. 

Sublimed  sulphur 1  ounce. 

Eub  together,  introduce  the  mixture  into  a  flask,  close  the  orifice 
loosely,  and  heat  gently  so  as  to  darken  the  mass  without  melting  it. 
Then  increase  the  heat  until  the  mass  is  melted,  incline  the  flask  in  differ- 


36 G  MEDICAL    FOKMULAKY. 

ent  directions,  in  order  to  return  into  the  liquid  any  of  the  iodine  which 
may  have  condensed  on  the  inner  surface  of  the  vessel ;  cool,  break  the 
flask  when  the  liquid  has  solidified,  reduce  the  iodide  to  pieces,  and  keep 
in  a  well-stopped  bottle. 

Iodide  of  sulphur  is  a  grayish  black  substance,  having  the  odor  of 
iodine,  soluble  in  60  parts  of  glycerin,  but  insoluble  in  water.  Used  exter- 
nally in  skin  diseases. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Unguentum  Sulphuris  lodidi  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Ointment  of  Iodide  of 

Sulphur. 

Take  of  Iodide  of  Sulphur 30  grains. 

Lard 1  ounce. 

Mix. 


TABACUM   (IT.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— TOBACCO. 

The  dried  leaves  of  Nicotiana  Tabacum,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Sotanacew) ,  a  plant 
indigenous  to  tropical  America,  but  cultivated  in  most  temperate,  sub- 
tropical, and  tropical  countries. 

Tobacco  is  narcotic  and  sedative,  and,  in  full  doses,  emetic.  In  over- 
doses it  is  a  dangerous  poison.  It  is  seldom  used  internally  on  account  of 
the  dangerous  prostration  which  it  is  liable  to  produce.  Externally,  in  the 
form  of  fomentation,  it  is  often  used  in  the  treatment  of  orchitis.  An  infu- 
sion, or  the  smoke  of  burning  tobacco,  is  occasionally  introduced  into  the 
rectum  for  the  relief  of  colic,  ileus,  strangulated  hernia,  etc.  Tobacco  has 
also  been  used  with  asserted  benefit  in  traumatic  tetanus. 


PREPARATIONS. 

Infusum  Tabaci  (U.  S.)— Infusion  of  Tobacco. 

Take  of  Tobacco 60  grains. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Macerate  an  hour  in  a  covered  vessel,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  As  an  enema,  4-  to  4  ounces. 

It  should  be  employed  with  great  care,  since  it  is  liable  to  induce  ex- 
cessive prostration. 

Oleum  Tabaci  (U.  S.)— Oil  of  Tobacco. 

Take  of  Tobacco : . . .    12  ounces. 

Put  it  into  a  retort  of  green  glass,  connected  with  a  refrigerated  re- 
ceiver, to  which  is  attached  a  tube  for  the  escape  of  gases.     Then,  by  means 


DANDELION.  367 

of  a  sand-bath,  heat  the  retort  to  dull  redness,  and  maintain  that  tempera- 
ture until  the  empyreumatic  oil  ceases  to  come  over.     Lastly,  separate  the 
dark,  oily  liquid  from  the  watery  portion,  and  keep  in  a  well-stopped  bottle. 
Employed  externally. 


Unguentum  Tabaci  (U.  S.) — Tobacco  Ointment, 

Take  of  Tobacco £  ounce. 

Lard 8  ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  the  tobacco  with  the  water  until  4  ounces 
are  obtained.     Evaporate  this  to  a  soft  extract,  and  mix  it  with  the  lard. 


Vinum  Tabaei  (U.  S.) — Wine  of  Tobacco. 

Take  of  Tobacco 1  ounce. 

Sherry  wine 1  pint. 

Macerate  seven  days,  express  and  filter. 
Dose  :  10  to  30  minims. 

This  preparation,  in  nauseating  doses,  may  be  used  in  the  paroxysms 
of  spasmodic  asthma,  but  lobelia  is  safer,  and  probably  quite  as  efficient. 


TAKAXACUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— DANDELION. 

The  root  of  Taraxacum  Dens-leonis,  Desf.  (Nat.  ord.,  Composites),  a 
small  herbaceous  perennial  indigenous  to  Europe,  but  naturalized  and  very 
common  here. 

Dandelion  is  tonic,  diuretic,  and  slightly  aperient.  It  is  used  chiefly  in 
dyspepsia  attended  with  hepatic  derangement,  and  in  dropsy  dependent 
upon  disease  of  the  liver. 

Dose  :  ^  to  2  drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum  Taraxaei  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Extract  of  Dandelion. 
Take  of  Dandelion,  gathered  iu  September 60  ounces. 

Slice  and  bruise  it,  sprinkling  on  a  little  water,  until  reduced  to  a  pulp. 
Then  express  and  strain  the  juice,  and  evaporate  it  on  a  water-bath,  to  a 
proper  consistence. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  grains. 

The  German  preparation  is  made  from  the  dried  root. 


368  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Extractum  Taraxici  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Dandelion. 

Take  of  Dandelion 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  8  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  5  of  water,  moisten  the  dan- 
delion with  4  ounces  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general 
formula,  page  161.  Finish  the  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol,  reserve  14 
ounces,  and  add  1  ounce  of  glycerin  to  the  remainder,  before  evaporation. 

Dose  :  ^  to  2  drachms.     Used  chiefly  as  a  vehicle. 

Infusum  Taraxaci  (U.  S.) — Infusion  of  Dandelion. 

Take  of  Dandelion,  bruised 1  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Macerate  two  hours  in  a  covered  vessel,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

Succus  Taraxaci  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Juice  of  Dandelion. 

Take  of  Fresh  dandelion a  convenient  quantity. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Bruise  the  dandelion,  express  the  juice,  and  to  every  5  measures  of 
juice  add  1  of  alcohol ;  after  seven  days,  filter. 

Dose  :  2  to  4  drachms. 

The  British  Pharmacopoeia  adds  1  measure  of  rectified  spirit  to  3  of 
the  juice. 

COMPOUND  ELIXIR  OF  TARAXACUM. 

Take  of  Dandelion  root 6  ounces. 

Wild  cherry  bark 4  ounces. 

Gentian  root 1  ounce. 

Orange  peel 2  ounces. 

Cinnamon 1  ounce. 

Coriander 1  ounce. 

Anise , £  ounce. 

Caraway \  ounce. 

Cardamoms ^  ounce. 

Liquorice  root 1  ounce. 

Simple  syrup 2^-  pints. 

Stronger  alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix  1  volume  of  the  alcohol  with  3  of  water,  and,  having  reduced  the 
solids  to  a  powder,  moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  with  the  diluted  alcohol 
until  6  J  pints  of  percolate  have  passed.  Mix  this  with  the  syrup. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms.  Used  as  a  vehicle  for  the  administration  of 
quinia,  etc.  .  New  Remedies. 


TUKPENTLNE WHITE    CEDAR.  369 

TEREB1NTHINA  (tt.  S.et  al.  Ph.;— TURPENTINE. 

The  concrete  oleoresin  obtained  from  Pinus  palustris,  Mill.,  and  from 
other  species  of  Pinus  (Xat.  ord.,  Coniferce),  and  commonly  known  as  white 
turpentine.  As  it  exudes  from  the  tree,  it  is  a  viscid  liquid,  of  a  yellowish 
color,  a  terebinthinate  odor,  and  a  pungent,  bitterish  taste.  By  exposure 
to  the  air,  it  loses  some  of  its  volatile  principle  (oil  of  turpentine),  and  con- 
cretes into  solid  masses,  which  are  hard  and  brittle  in  winter,  but  become 
semi-liquid  in  summer. 

Turpentine  is  seldom  employed  internally,  oil  of  turpentine  being  com- 
monly used  instead.  It  is  a  constituent  of  numerous  preparations  for  ex- 
ternal use,  as  compound  resin  cerate,  compound  galbanum  plaster,  etc. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  grains. 


TEREBINTHINA   CANADENSIS    (U.   S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— CANADA 
TURPENTINE— CANADA  BALSAM— BALSAM  OF  FIR. 

The  oleoresin  obtained  from  Abies  balsamea,  Marshall  (Nat.  ord.,  Coni- 
ferce),  the  balsam  fir-tree  of  North  America.  It  is  a  transparent,  viscid 
liquid,  of  a  yellowish  color,  and  a  peculiar,  agreeable,  balsamic  odor  and 
taste.  Upon  exposure  to  the  air  it  slowly  hardens  into  a  brittle  mass,  ow- 
ing to  the  loss  of  its  volatile  principle.  Its  chief  use,  like  the  preceding, 
is  as  a  constituent  of  cerates,  plasters,  etc. 

Several  other  turpentines  are  employed  medicinally,  but  all  agree  essen- 
tially in  their  therapeutic  effects.  Quite  recently  the  use  of  Chian  Turpen- 
tine (Terebinthina  Chia)  the  oleoresin  obtained  from  Pistacia  terebinthus,  L. 
(Xat.  ord.,  Anacardiacece),  a  small  tree  found  in  the  basin  of  the  Mediterra- 
nean, has  been  revived,  and  it  has  been  much  lauded  as  a  remedy  for  can- 
cer. Its  claims,  however,  have  not  been  substantiated,  and  it  will  soon 
take  its  place  in  the  long  list  of  discarded  cancer  specifics. 


THUJA— ARBOR  VITJE— WHITE   CEDAR. 

The  small  branchlets  with  the  scale-like  leaves  of  Thuja  occidentalis,  L. 
(Xat.  ord.,  Coniferce),  the  common  white  cedar  of  the  Northern  States  and 
Canada.  It  is  cultivated  in  Europe,  for  ornamental  purposes. 

Thuja  possesses  properties  somewhat  resembling  those  of  savin.  Dr. 
J.  R.  Learning,  of  New  York,  who  has  employed  it  for  many  years,  finds  it 
valuable  in  amenorrhcea  from  simple  causes,  in  pulmonary  hemorrhages, 
in  malignant  diseases,  etc.,  and  as  a  topical  application  to  venereal  and 
other  warts,  to  cancerous  ulcerations  and  tumors,  etc. 

Dose  :  Of  the  fresh  leaves  4-  to  1  drachm.  It  is  not,  however,  adminis- 
tered in  substance. 


370  MEDICAL  FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

TINCTURE  OF  THUJA  (Ger.). 

Take  of  Thuja  (fresh) 5  parts. 

Alcohol 6  parts. 

Having  bruised  the  thuja,  add  the  alcohol,  macerate  eight  days,  and 
filter. 

Dose  :  £  to  1  drachm. 

The  following  preparations  were  prepared  at  the  suggestion  of  Dr.  J.  H. 
Learning,  and  have  been  largely  employed  by  him,  and  by  others  upon  his 
recommendation. 

ELIXIR  OF  THUJA. 

Take  of  Thuja  (fresh) 12  ounces. 

Alcohol,  1  part — Glycerin,  1  part sufficient. 

Percolate  to  12  ounces,  and  set  aside.  Continue  the  percolation  to  1*2 
ounces  more,  evaporate  to  6  ounces,  and  mix  with  the  reserved  portion. 
Add  an  equal  quantity  (18  ounces)  of  simple  elixir.  Each  drachm  repre- 
sents 20  grains  of  thuja. 

Dose  :  1  to  3  drachms.  W.  H.  Lawes. 

FLUID  EXTRACT  OF  THUJA. 

Take  of  Thuja 16  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Percolate  to  10  ounces,  and  set  aside.  Continue  the  percolation  until  the 
thuja  is  exhausted,  evaporate  to  6  ounces,  and  mix  with  the  reserved  por- 
tion. 

Dose  :  ^  to  1  drachm.  W.  H.  Leave*. 

GLYCERITB  OF  THUJA. 

Take  of  Thuja 8  ounces. 

Alcohol,  1  part — Glycerin,  1  part sufficient. 

Percolate  to  8  ounces,  and  evaporate  to  4  ounces.  W.  H.  Leave*. 

May  be  made  into  suppositories,  or  mixed  with  the  fluid  extract,  for 
application  to  the  os  uteri,  upon  a  pessary  of  cotton.  J.  R.  Learning. 


THYMOL— THYMOL. 

A  crystalline  substance  obtained  from  oil  of  thyme,  oil  of  American 
horsemint,  and  from  some  other  essential  oils.  By  submitting  oil  of  thyme 
to  a  low  temperature  for  a  few  days,  thymol  separates  in  the  form  of  nearly 
colorless  crystals,  of  a  pleasant  odor,  an  aromatic,  burning  taste,  and  solu- 
ble in  1  part  of  alcohol,  120  parts  of  glycerin,  and  1200  parts  of  water.  It 


TBAGACANTH.  371 

is  a  powerful  antiseptic,  like  carbolic  acid,  but  is  in  general  less  irritating. 
Used  topically,  in  many  different  forms,  as  a  surgical  dressing,  by  inhala- 
tion in  throat  diseases,  etc. 

INHALATION  OF  THYMOL, 

Take  of  Thymol 6  grains. 

Rectified  spirit 1  drachm. 

Light  carbonate  of  magnesium 3  grains. 

Water to  8  ounces. 

Mix.  1  drachm  in  20  ounces  of  water  at  140°  for  each  inhalation.  A 
strong  stimulant  and  disinfectant ;  very  useful  in  pharyngitis  and  laryngitis 
when  associated  with  exanthemata.  London  Throat  Hospital. 

LOTION  OF  THYMOL. 

Take  of  Thymol 5  grains. 

Rectified  spirit 1  ounce. 

Glycerin 1  ounce. 

Water to  8  ounces. 

Dissolve.  Crocker. 

OINTMENT  OF  THYMOL. 

Take  of  Thymol 8  grains. 

Oil  of  almonds 1  drachm. 

Cerate 5  drachms. 

Mix.     Used  in  eczema. 


TRAGACANTHA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— TRAGACANTII. 

A  gummy  exudation  from  several  species  of  Astragalus  (Nat.  ord.y  Leg- 
itminosce),  shrubs  indigenous  to  Persia. 

Tragacanth  occurs  in  hard  and  fragile  flakes,  or  roundish  masses,  of  a 
yellowish  or  brownish  color,  odorless,  and  almost  tasteless. 

It  is  insoluble  in  alcohol,  and  ether,  but  with  water  forms  a  jelly-like 
mucilage,  which  is  nutritious  and  demulcent  Used  in  making  pills, 
troches,  etc. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Mucilago  Tragacanthae  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.) — Mucilage  of  Tragacanth. 

Take  of  Tragacanth 1  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint 

Macerate  twenty-four  hours,  stirring  occasionally,  then  beat  into  a  uni- 
form consistence,  and  strain  forcibly  through  muslin. 
Used  as  a  vehicle. 


372  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

COMPOUND  POWDER  or  TRAGACANTH  (Br.). 

Take  of  Tragacanth 1  ounce. 

Gum  arable 1  ounce. 

Starch 1  ounce. 

Sugar 3  ounces. 

Rub  them  well  together. 
Dose  :  20  to  60  grains. 


ULMUS   (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— SLIPPERY-ELM  BARK. 

The  inner  bark  of  Ulmus  fulva,  Michx.  (Nat.  ord.,  Urticacece),  a  medium 
sized  tree  indigenous  to  the  United  States. 

Slippery-elm  bark  contains  a  large  quantity  of  mucilaginous  matter, 
and  is  a  valuable  demulcent  in  acute  inflammatory  diseases,  as  dysentery, 
and  those  of  the  genito-urinary  organs. 


PREPARATIONS. 
Mucilago  Ulmi  (U.  S.) — Mucilage  of  Slippery-elm  Bark. 

Take  of  Slippery-elm  bark 1  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Macerate  two  hours  in  a  covered  vessel,  and  strain. 
Taken  ad  libitum. 


UVA  URSI  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— UYA  URSI— BEARBERRY. 

The  leaves  of  Arctostaphylos  Uva  ursi,  Spreng.  (Nat.  ord.,  Ericaceae),  a 
very  small  shrub  indigenous  to  the  high  latitudes  of  the  Northern  Hemi- 
sphere. 

Uva  ursi  is  tonic,  astringent,  and  diuretic.  It  is  used  chiefly  in  catar- 
rhal  diseases  of  the  genito-urinary  organs. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Decoctum  Uvae  Ursi  (U.  S.) — Decoction  of  Uva  Ursi. 

Take  of  Uva  Ursi 1  ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil  for  fifteen  minutes,  strain,  and  add  sufficient  water  through  the 
strainer  to  make  1  pint. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 


VALERIAN.  373 

Extraction  Uvae  Ursi  Fluidum  (U.  S.)— Fluid  Extract  of  Uva  Ursi. 

Take  of  Uva  Ursi 16  ounces. 

Glycerin 4  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient 

Mix  8  ounces  of  alcohol,  3  of  glycerin,  and  5  of  water,  moisten  the 
uva  ursi  with  £  pint  of  the  mixture,  and  proceed  according  to  the  general 
formula,  page  161.  Finish  the  percolation  with  diluted  alcohol,  reserve 
14  ounces,  and  add  1  ounce  of  glycerin  to  the  remainder,  before  evapora- 
tion. 

Dose  :  20  to  60  minims. 

INFUSION  OF  BEAKBERRY  (Br.). 

Take  of  Bearberry  leaves -J-  ounce. 

Boiling  distilled  water 10  ounces. 

Infuse  in  a  covered  vessel  for  two  hours,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 


VALEKIANA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— YALEKIAK 

The  root  of  Valeriana  officinalis,  L.  (Nat.  ord.,  Valerianaceos)  an  herba- 
ceous perennial  indigenous  to  Europe  and  Asia,  but  cultivated  to  some  ex- 
tent in  this  country. 

Valerian  has  a  hot,  pungent  taste,  and  a  very  strong,  disagreeable  odor. 
It  acts  as  a  stimulant  and  antispasmodic,  and  is  used  chiefly  in  hysteria, 
though  it  is  occasionally  employed  in  other  nervous  diseases,  as  chorea, 
epilepsy,  whooping-cough,  etc. 

Dose  :  30  to  60  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum  Valerianae  (U.  S.,  Fr.,  Ger.) — Extract  of  Valerian. 

Take  of  Valerian 12  ounces. 

Alcohol 1  pint. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  valerian  with  4  ounces  of  the  alcohol,  pack  it  in  a  percola- 
tor, pour  on  the  remainder,  and  continue  the  percolation  with  diluted  al- 
cohol until  1  pint  of  tincture  is  obtained.  Allow  this  to  evaporate  spon- 
taneously to  3  ounces.  Continue  the  percolation  until  2  pints  more  are 
obtained,  evaporate  this  on  a  water-bath  to  the  consistence  of  syrup,  mix 
with  the  reserved  portion,  and  evaporate,  at  or  below  120°,  to  the  proper 
consistence. 

Dose  :  10  to  30  grains. 


374  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Extractum  Valerianae  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Valerian. 

Take  of  Valerian 16  troy  ounces. 

Stronger  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  valerian  with  5  ounces  of  the  alcohol,  and  proceed  accord- 
ing to  the  general  formula,  page  161. 
Dose  :  30  to  60  minims. 

Infusum  Valerianae  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Infusion  of  Valerian. 

Take  of  Valerian ^  ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  until  the  filtered  liquid  measures  1  pint. 
Or,  macerate  the  valerian  in  1  pint  of  boiling  water  for  two  hours  in  a  cov- 
ered vessel,  and  strain. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

Tinctura  Valerian®  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Tincture  of  Valerian. 

Take  of  Valerian 4  ounces. 

Diluted  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  £  to  2  drachms. 

Tinctura  Valerianae  Ammoniata  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Ammoniated  Tincture 

of  Valerian. 

Take  of  Valerian 4  ounces. 

Aromatic  spirit  of  ammonia 2  pints. 

Macerate  seven  days,  express  and  filter. 
Dose  :  £  to  1  drachm. 

ETHEREAL  TINCTURE  OF  .VALERIAN  (Ger.,  Fr.). 

Take  of  Valerian 1  part. 

Spirit  of  ether 5  parts. 

Macerate  eight  days,  express  and  filter. 
Dose  :  \  to  1  drachm. 

MIXTURES  or  VALERIAN. 

Take  of  Ammoniated  tincture  of  valerian 2  drachms. 

Lacto-peptin 32  grains. 

Bicarbonate  of  sodium 12  grains. 

Glycerin 2  drachms. 

Water 6  drachms. 

Orange  flower  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.  Dose  :  20  to  60  minims  in  1  or  2  drachms  of  warm  water,  as  re- 
quired. A  carminative  for  infants,  which  contains  no  opiate. 

F.  A.  Burrdl. 


VER ATRIA GREEN  HPXLEBORE.  375 

Take  of  Fluid  extractof  valerian 30  parts. 

Camphorated  tincture  of  opium 90  parts. 

Purified  chloroform 1  part. 

Mix.     Dose  :  1  drachm  in  a  wineglass  of  cold  water  every  hour.     In 
colic  and  gastralgia.  Daniel  Lewis. 

PILLS  OF  VALERIAN  AND  IRON. 

Take  of  Extract  of  valerian 4.  drachm. 

Dried  sulphate  of  iron 7  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  30  pills. 

Dose :  One   pill   three   times   a   day.     In  obstinate    constipation,  and 
aiiasarca.  Hospital  for  Ruptured  and  Crippled. 


VERATEIA  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)—  YERATRIA. 

An  alkaloid  obtained  from  the  seeds  of  Veratrum  Sabadilla,  Retzius 
(Xat.  ord.,  Mdanthacece)  a  bulbous  plant  indigenous  to  Mexico. 

Its  therapeutic  effects  are  similar  to  those  of  veratrum  viride,  but  it  is 
seldom  employed  internally.  Used  externally  in  neuralgia,  gout,  rheuma- 
tism, etc. 

Dose  :  -      to 


PREPARATION. 

Unguentum  Veratriae  (U.  S.,  Br.)—  Veratria  Ointment. 

Take  of  Veratria  .................................   20  grains. 

Lard  ....................................      1  ounce. 

Rub  the  veratria  with  a  little  of  the  lard,  then  add  the  remainder,  and 
mix. 

British  Pharmacopoeia  directs  :  veratria,  8  grains  ;  prepared  lard,  1 
ounce  ;  olive  oil,  £  drachm. 


VERATRUM   VIRIDE  (U.  S.,  Br.)— AMERICAN  HELLE- 
BORE—GREEN HELLEBORE. 

The  rhizome,  of  Veratrum  viride,  Ait.  (Xat.  ord.,  Liliacew),  a  tall,  herba- 
ceous perennial  indigenous  to  North  America,  growing  in  moist  situations, 
often  associated  with  skunk's  cabbage  (Symplocarpus  fcetidus).  It  should 
not  be  confounded  with  European  green  hellebore  (Helleborus  viridis,  L.)y 
a  very  different  plant,  nor  yet  with  white  hellebore  ( Veratrum  album,  L.), 
which,  though  officinal,  is  seldom  or  never  used  in  this  country,  and  is 
therefore  omitted  here. 


376  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

The  most  important  therapeutic  action  of  veratrum  is  as  a  cardiac 
sedative.  In  large  doses,  or  when  too  long  continued,  it  induces  vomiting 
and  great  prostration.  It  is  used  with  great  benefit  in  a  variety  of  affec- 
tions, but  chiefly  those  of  an  acute  inflammatory  character,  as  in  the  earlier 
stages  of  pneumonia,  pleurisy,  acute  rheumatism,  puerperal  inflammations, 
etc. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum  Veratri  Viridis  Fluidum  (U.  S.) — Fluid  Extract  of  Ameri- 
can Hellebore. 

Take  of  American  hellebore 16  ounces. 

Stronger  alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  hellebore  with  5  ounces  of  the  alcohol  and  proceed  ac- 
cording to  the  general  formula,  page  161. 

Dose  :  1  to  4  minims. 

This  is  the  best  form  in  which  to  administer  veratrum,  as  the  dose  can 
be  carefully  regulated,  and  the  effects  noted. 

Tinctura  Veratri  Viridis  (U.  S.,  Br.) — Tincture  of  American  Hellebore. 

Take  of  American  hellebore 16  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  3  to  10  minims. 


ZINCUM  (U.  S.,  Br.,  Fr.)— ZINC. 
ZINCI  ACETAS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— ACETATE  OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  Commercial  oxide  of  zinc 2  ounces. 

Acetic  acid 8^  ounces. 

Distilled  water 5  ounces. 

Mix  the  acid  and  water,  digest  the  oxide  in  the  mixture  for  half  an 
hour,  then  heat  to  the  boiling-point,  filter  while  hot,  and  set  aside  to  crys- 
tallize. Drain  the  crystals,  and  dry  them  on  bibulous  paper. 

It  is  in  white,  micaceous,  efflorescent  crystals,  which  are  freely  soluble 
in  water.  Chiefly  used  as  a  topical  astringent,  though  it  may  be  employed 
internally  as  an  antispasmodic  and  tonic,  and,  in  large  doses,  as  an  emetic. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  grains,  tonic  ;  10  to  20  grains,  emetic. 

INJECTIONS  OF  ACETATE  OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  Acetate  of  zinc 12  grains. 

Water 4  ounces. 

Dissolve.  Glycerin  may  be  substituted  for  £  or  1  ounce  of  the  water. 
Used  in  the  later  stages  of  gonorrhoea.  Bumstead. 


BROMIDE  OF  ZINC PRECIPITATED  CAKBONATE  OF  ZINC.     377 

Take  of  Acetate  of  zinc Q  grains. 

Acetate  of  morphia 1  grain. 

Tannic  acid 3  grains. 

Orange  flower  water 1  drachm. 

Water to  1  ounce. 

Mix.     The  so-called  Matico  Injection.  Bumstead. 

OINTMENT  OF  ACETATE  OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  Acetate  of  zinc 2  grains. 

Rose  water 1  drachm. 

Cold  cream 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Used  in  erythema  and  herpes.  Tilbury  Fox. 


Z1XCI  BROMIDUM— BROMIDE  OF  ZIX(  . 

Take  of  Bromine 10  parts. 

Distilled  water 20  parts. 

Granulated  zinc 5  parts. 

Introduce  the  bromine  and  water  into  a  flask,  and  gradually  add  the 
.zinc.  Warm  to  about  100°,  preventing  the  escape  of  vapors  by  partially 
closing  the  flask  with  a  small  glass  funnel.  Digest  a  few  hours,  tilter  the 
colorless  liquid  through  asbestos,  and  evaporate  it  in  a  porcelain  capsule 
with  a  gentle  heat,  until  a  sample,  removed  on  a  cold  glass  rod,  congeals. 
Then  raise  the  heat  for  a  short  time,  taking  care  that  only  aqueous  vapors 
rise,  and,  finally,  stir  until  a  dry  mass  remains,  which  must  be  immediately 
transferred  to  small,  glass-stopped  vials. 

It  may  also  be  prepared  by  dissolving  precipitated  carbonate  of  zinc 
in  hydrobrornic  acid,  filtering,  and  proceeding  as  above.  Charles  Rice. 

It  produces  essentially  the  same  effects  as  the  other  bromides. 

Dose  :  ^  to  2  grains. 


ZIXCI   CARBONAS    PPwECIPITATA  (U.   S.,  Br.)— PRECIPI- 
TATED CARBONATE   OF   ZINC. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  zinc 12  ounces. 

Carbonate  of  sodium 12  ounces. 

Water 8  pints. 

Dissolve  the  salts  separately,  with  the  aid  of  heat,  each  in  4  pints  of 
water,  mix  the  solutions,  and  allow  the  precipitate  to  subside.  Lastly, 
decant,  wash  the  precipitate  with  hot  water  until  the  washings  are  nearly 
tasteless,  and  dry  it  with  a  gentle  heat. 

It  is  a  soft,  white  powder,  tasteless,  and  insoluble.  Used  externally  as 
an  astringent  and  desiccant.  The  impure  native  carbonate  ( Calcimine)  is 
used  for  the  same  purposes. 


378  MEDICAL  FOKMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Ceratum  Zinci  Carbonatis  (U.  S.) — Cerate  of  Carbonate  of  Zinc. 

Take  of  Precipitated  carbonate  of  zinc 2  ounces. 

Ointment 10  ounces. 

Mix. 

LOTION  OF  CARBONATE  OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  Levigated  calamine 6  drachms. 

Oxide  of  zinc 6  drachms. 

Glycerin 2  ounces. 

Lime  water to  12  ounces. 

Mix.  St.  Mary's  Hospital. 

POWDER  OF  CARBONATE  OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  Prepared  calamine 4-  ounce. 

Oxide  of  zinc 4-  ounce. 

Mix.     As  an  absorbent  powder.  British  Skin  Hospital. 


ZIISTCI   CI1LOEIDUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— CHLORIDE  OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  solution  of  chloride  of  zinc  a  convenient  quantity. 

Evaporate  to  dryness,  fuse,  pour  the  liquid  upon  a  flat  stone,  and  when 
it  has  solidified,  break  in  pieces,  and  keep  in  a  well-stopped  bottle. 

It  is  a  white,  deliquescent  salt,  freely  soluble  in  water,  alcohol,  and 
ether.  Its  chief  use  is  as  an  eschar  otic,  though  it  is  occasionally  employed 
internally. 

Dose  :  £  to  2  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Liquor  Zinci  Chloridi  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Solution  of  Chloride  of  Zinc. 

Take  of  Zinc,  in  small  pieces 6  ounces. 

Nitric  acid 150  grains. 

Precipitated  carbonate  of  zinc 150  grains. 

Hydrochloric  acid sufficient. 

Distilled  water sufficient. 

Gradually  add  sufficient  hydrochloric  acid  to  the  zinc  to  dissolve  it, 
strain,  add  the  nitric  acid,  and  evaporate  to  dryness.  Dissolve  in  5  ounces 
of  distilled  water,  add  the  carbonate,  and  agitate  the  mixture  occasionally 
during  twenty-four  hours ;  then  filter,  adding  enough  distilled  water 
through  the  filter  to  make  1  pint. 

Used  as  a  disinfectant,  and,  largely  diluted,  as  an  astringent  and  anti- 
septic. 


IODIDE    OF    ZINC OXIDE    OF    ZINC.  379 

CAUSTIC  OF  CHLOKIDE  OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  Chloride  of  zinc 1  part. 

Oxide  of  zinc 1  part. 

^Jix.  British  Skin  Hospital. 

INHALATION  OF  CHLORIDE  OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  Chloride  of  zinc 20  grains. 

Water 8  ounces. 

Dissolve.  Use  by  means  of  a  steam  atomizer.  Astringent  and  antiseptic. 

G.  M.  Leperts. 

INJECTION  OF  CHLORIDE  OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  Chloride  of  zinc 1  grain. 

Rose  water 4to8  ounces. 

Dissolve.     Used  in  gonorrhoea  ;  the  injections  should  be  frequently  re- 
peated. Bartholow. 


ZINCI   IODIDUM—  IODIDE   OF  ZINC, 

Prepared  by  digesting  zinc  in  a  mixture  of  iodine  and  water. 

Iodide  of  zinc  occurs  as  a  white,  deliquescent  mass,  of  a  metallic  taste. 
It  is  used  internally  as  a  tonic  and  antispasmodic,  and  externally  as  a  caus- 
tic, stimulant,  etc. 

Dose  :  |  to  4  grains. 


ZINCI  OXIDUM  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— OXIDE   OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  Precipitated  carbonate  of  zinc 12  ounces. 

Expose  it,  in  a  shallow  vessel,  to  a  low  red  heat  until  the  water  and  car- 
bonic acid  are  expelled. 

It  is  a  yellowish-white  powder,  tasteless,  and  insoluble.  Used  inter- 
nally as  a  tonic  and  antispasmodic,  and  topically  in  skin  diseases. 

Commercial  oxide  of  zinc  (Zinci  Oxidum  Venale)  is  also  officinal.  Used 
in  preparations. 

Dose  :  1  to  8  grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Unguentum  Zinci  Oxidi  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— Ointment  of  Oxide  of  Zinc. 

Take  of  Oxide  of  zinc 80  grains. 

Ointment  of  benzoin 400  grains. 

Rub  thoroughly  together. 

British  Pharmacopoeia  :  oxide  of  zinc,  80  grains  ;  benzoated  lard,  1  ounce. 
French  Codex :  oxide  of  zinc,  1  part ;  benzoated  lard,  9  parts.  German 
Pharmacopoeia  :  commercial  oxide  of  zinc,  1  part  ;  rose  ointment  9  parts. 


380  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

LOTION  OF  OXIDE  OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  Oxide  of  zinc 2  drachms. 

Calamine £  ounce. 

Glycerin 2  drachms. 

Bose  water 8  ounces. 

Mix.     Used  in  eczema,  generally  where  the  surface  is  tender  and  red. 

Tilbury  Fox. 

OINTMENTS  OF  OXIDE  OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  Oxide  of  zinc 1 1  drachm. 

Carbonate  of  lead 1  drachm. 

Spermaceti 1  ounce. 

Olive  oil sufficient. 

Make  a  soft  ointment.     Used  in  seborrhcea,  when  the  skin  is  inflamed. 

Neumann. 

Take  of  Zinc  ointment 1  ounce. 

Carbolic  acid 30  grains. 

Mix.  Middlesex  Hospital. 

PILLS  OF  OXIDE  OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  Oxide  of  zinc 1  drachm. 

Extract  of  belladonna 5  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  20  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  three  times  a  day.     In  whooping-cough.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Oxide  of  zinc 2^-  grains. 

Hydrochlorate  of  morphia ^  grain. 

Extract  of  hops 2  grains. 

Make  1  pill.     Dose  :  1  to  3  pills.  Consumption  Hospital. 


POWDEES  OF  OXIDE  OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  Oxide  of  zinc 6  to  12  grains. 

Saccharated  pepsin 30  grains. 

Subnitrate  of  bismuth 1  to  2  drachms. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  12  powders. 

Dose :  1  powder   every  four  to  six  hours.     In  summer   diarrhoea   of 
children.  Bartholow. 


Take  of  Oxide  of  zinc 1  ounce. 

Calamine £  ounce. 

Corn  meal 4  ounces. 

Mix.     Absorbent  powder  for  excoriated  surfaces.  Tilbury  Fox. 


PHOSPHIDE    OF    ZINC SULPHATE    OF    ZIXC.  381 

ZINCI  PHOSPHIDUM— PHOSPHIDE  OF  ZINC. 

May  be  prepared  by  adding  phosphorus,  in  small  pieces,  to  fused  zinc  in 
a  covered  crucible.  It  is  a  gray,  crystalline,  or  friable  mass.  Used  in  ner- 
vous diseases. 

Dose  :  ^  to  ^  grain. 

PILLS  OF  PHOSPHIDE  OF  ZINC  AND  Nux  VOMICA. 

Take  of  Phosphide  of  zinc 3  grains. 

Extract  of  nux  vomica 10  grains. 

Confection  of  roses sufficient. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  30  pills. 

Dose :  1  pill  after  each  meal,  commencing  ten  days  before  the  menstrual 
period.  For  the  headaches  which  attend  or  precede  menstruation,  when 
due  to  defective  innervation,  and  difficult  ovulation. 

When  menstruation  is  about  to  commence,  the  patient  should  take  two 
5  grain  capsules  of  apiol  after  each  meal,  continuing  their  use  during  the 
whole  menstrual  period. 

A  pill  of  phosphorus  TV  grain*  an^  nux  vomica  -J-  grain,  may  be  substi- 
tuted for  the  pill  of  phosphide  of  zinc  and  nux  vomica.  Fordyce  Barker. 


ZIXCI  SULPHAS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— SULPHATE  OF  ZINC. 

Prepared  by  dissolving  zinc  in  diluted  sulphuric  acid,  and  crystallizing. 

Sulphate  of  zinc  is  in  colorless,  transparent  crystals,  of  a  styptic,  me- 
tallic taste,  and  readily  soluble  in  water.  In  small  doses  it  is  tonic,  anti- 
spasmodic,  and  astringent  ;  in  large  doses,  a  prompt  and  efficient  emetic. 
Externally  it  is  used  as  a  caustic,  and,  in  solution,  as  an  injection  in  gonor- 
rhoea, leucorrhcea,  etc. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  grains,  tonic,  etc. ;  10  to  20  grains,  emetic. 

COLLYRIUM    OF    SULPHATE   OF   ZlNC. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  zinc 1  to  2  grains. 

Water . .  1  ounce. 


Dissolve. 


INHALATION  OF  SULPHATE  OF  ZINC. 


Take  of  Sulphate  of  zinc 40  grains. 

Water 8  ounces. 

Dissolve.     Used  by  means  of  steam  atomizer.     Astringent. 

G.  M.  Lefferts. 


382  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

INJECTIONS  OF  SULPHATE  OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  zinc 8  grains. 

Acetate  of  lead 8  grains. 

Chloride  of  ammonium 4  grains. 

Alum 4  grains. 

Rose  water 1  ounce. 

Mix.     Used  in  gonorrhoea.  Bartholow. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  zinc 30  grains. 

Acetate  of  lead 30  grains. 

Rose  water 6  ounces. 

Mix.     Used  in  gonorrhoea.  Bumstead. 

SULPHATE  OF  ZINC  PAINT. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  zinc 1  drachm. 

Glycerin ^  ounce. 

Water ^  ounce. 

Mix.     Used  with  the  laryngeal  brush.     Astringent. 

G.  M.  Lefferte. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  zinc 60  grains. 

Water 1  ounce. 

Dissolve.     Used  like  the  preceding.  London  Throat  Hospital. 

PILLS  OF  SULPHATE  OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  Sulphate  of  zinc 12  grains. 

Opium 12  grains. 

Ipecac 12  grains. 

Mix,  and  make  12  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  three  or  four  times  a  day.  In  chronic  diarrhoea  and  chronic 
dysentery.  Bartholow. 


ZINC1  SULPHOCAEBOLAS— SULPHOCARBOLATE  OF 

ZINC. 

Prepared  by  mixing  two  volumes  of  carbolic  acid  with  one  of  sulphuric 
acid,  heating  to  290°,  allowing  to  cool,  diluting  with  water,  and  gently  warm- 
ing with  a  slight  excess  of  oxide  of  zinc.  On  filtering  and  evaporating,  crys- 
tals are  obtained  which  should  be  dried  on  bibulous  paper. 

Used  topically  as  a  stimulant  and  antiseptic. 

INHALATION  OF  SULPHOCARBOLATE  OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  Sulphocarbolate  of  zinc 5  grains. 

Distilled  water 1  ounce. 

Dissolve.  Used  by  means  of  a  spray  apparatus.  In  secondary  syphilis 
of  the  pharynx  and  larynx.  London  Throat  Hospital. 


VALEKIANATE    OF    ZINC GINGER.  383 

ZIXOI  VALEPJANAS  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— VALERIAN  ATE    OF 

ZINC. 

Prepared  by  mixing  hot  solutions  of  valerianate  of  sodium  and  sulphate 
of  zinc,  cooling,  and  skimming  off  the  crystals  which  form. 

It  occurs  in  white,  pearly  scales,  having  a  faint  odor  of  valerianic  acid, 
a  styptic  taste,  and  is  sparingly  soluble  in  water.  Used  in  hysteria,  epi- 
lepsy, and  other  nervous  affections. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  grains. 

PILLS  OF  VALEBIANATE  OF  ZINC. 

Take  of  Valerianate  of  zinc 20  grains. 

Extract  of  gentian 20  grains. 

Extract  of  nux  vomica 5  grains. 

Mix,  and  divide  into  20  pills. 

Dose  :  1  pill  three  or  four  times  a  day.  In  neuralgia  dependent  upon 
reflex  irritation  from  the  female  pelvic  organs.  Karthplow. 

Take  of  Valerianate  of  zinc £  grain. 

Sulphate  of  quinia ^  grain. 

Compound  rhubarb  pill 1  grain. 

Extract  of  gentian 2  grains. 

Make  1  pill.  London  Hospital. 


ZINGIBER  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.)— GINGER. 

The  rhizome  of  Zingiber  officinale,  Roscoe  (Nat.  ord.,  Zingiberacece),  a 
reed-like  plant  indigenous  to  Asia,  but  cultivated  in  most  tropical  countries. 

Ginger  is  an  aromatic  stimulant  and  carminative.  Applied  externally 
it  is  a  mild  rubefacient.  It  is  used  in  flatulent  colic  to  relieve  pain  and 
expel  flatus,  in  diarrhoea,  etc.,  and  is  often  combined  with  other  medicines 
to  correct  their  irritating  properties. 

Dose  :  10  to  20  grams. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum  Zingiberis  Fluidum  (U.  S.)— Fluid  Extract  of  Ginger. 

Take  of  Ginger 16  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  ginger  with  4  ounces  of  alcohol,  and  proceed  according  to 
the  general  formula,  page  161. 
Dose  :  10  to  20  minims. 


384  MEDICAL    FORMULARY. 

Infusum  Zingiberis  (U.  S.) — Infusion  of  Ginger. 

Take  of  Ginger \  ounce. 

Boiling  water 1  pint. 

Macerate  for  two  hours  in  a  covered  vessel,  and  strain. 
Dose  :  1  to  2  ounces. 

Oleoresina  Zingiberis  (U.  S.) — Oleoresin  of  Ginger. 

Take  of  Ginger 12  ounces. 

Stronger  ether 12  ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten  the  ginger  with  the  ether,  then  percolate  with  alcohol  until  12 
ounces  of  liquid  have  passed.  Distill  off  most  of  the  ether,  then  expose 
the  residue  in  a  capsule  until  the  volatile  part  has  evaporated.  Preserve 
in  a  well- stopped  bottle. 

Dose  :  £  to  1  minim,  or  grain. 

Syrupus  Zingiberis  (U.  S.,  Br.)— Syrup  of  Ginger. 

Take  of  Fluid  extract  of  ginger 1  ounce. 

Carbonate  of  magnesium 160  grains. 

Sugar 72  ounces. 

Water 42  ounces. 

Rub  the  extract  first  with  the  carbonate  and  2  ounces  of  sugar,  then 
with  the  water  added  gradually,  and  filter.  To  the  filtered  liquid  add  the 
remainder  of  the  sugar,  dissolve  with  a  gentle  heat,  and  strain  while  hot. 

Dose  :  1  to  2  drachms. 

Tinctura  Zingiberis  (U.  S.  et  al.  Ph.) — Tincture  of  Ginger. 

Take  of  Ginger 8  ounces. 

Alcohol • sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  2  pints. 
Dose  :  10  to  30  minims. 

STRONGER  TINCTURE  or  GINGER  (Br.). 

Take  of  Ginger  ." 10  ounces. 

Rectified  spirit sufficient. 

Moisten,  pack,  and  percolate  to  20  ounces. 
Dose  :  5  to  20  minims. 


INDEX. 


ABRASIONS,  137 
Abscesses,  110 
Absinthium,  1 
Acacia,  2 
Acetum.  3 

destillatum,  4 
Achillea,  5 
Acid,  acetic,  5 

aromatic,  6 
diluted,  5 
gargle,  6 
glacial,  6 
inhalation,  6 
lotion,  6 

arsenious,  7 
caustic,  8 
granules,  7 
paste,  8 
pills,  7 
powder.  8 

of  Come,  8 

benzoic,  8 
lotion,  9 
ointment,  9 

boracic,  9 
lotions,  9 
•ointments,  9 

boric,  9 

carbolic,  10 
caustic,  11 
collodion,  11 
gargles,  11 
glycerite,  10 
lotions,  12 
water,  10 

carbonic,  13 

chromic,  13 
caustics,  13     m 

chrysophanic,  13 
ointments,  13 

citric.  14 
powder,  14 
syrup,  14 

gallic,  14 
mixtures,  15 
pills,  15 

hydrobromic,  16 
mixtures,  17 

hydrochloric,  17 
bath,  17 
diluted,  17 
gargle,  17 
mixtures,  18 

25 


Acid,  hydrocyanic,  diluted,  18 

inhalation,  19 

lotions,  19 

mixtures,  20 
lactic,  20 

inhalation,  20 

mixture,  20 
muriatic,  17 
nitric,  21 

bath,  21 

diluted,  21 

gargle,  21 

lemonade,  21 

lotions.  21 

mixtures,  22 
nitro-hydrocnioric,  22 

diluted,  22 
nitro-muriatic,  22 
oleic,  23 
phosphoric,  diluted,  23 

glacial,  23 

and  quassia  mixture,  34 

strychnia  mixtures,  24 
prussic,  diluted,  18 
pyrogallic,  16 

lotion,  16 

ointment,  16 
salicylic,  24 

mixtures,  ~5 
sulphuric,  25 

aromatic,  26 

diluted,  25 

mixtures,  26 
sulphurous,  27 

inhalation,  27 

lotion,  27 
tannic,  27 

gargles,  28 

glycerite,  28 

inhalation,  29 

injections,  29 

mixture,  29 

ointment,  28 

with  opium,  ointment,  29 
pills,  29 

powders,  29 

suppositories,  28 

troches.  28 
tartaric,  30 

lemonade,  30 

syrup,  30 
valerianic,  30 
Acidum  aceticum,  5 


386 


INDEX. 


Acidum  aceticum  dilutuni.  ."» 
glaciale,  6 

arseniosum,  7 

benzoicum,  8 

boricum,  9 

carbplicum,  10 
impurum,  10 

carbonicum,  13 

chromicum,  13 

chrysophanicum,  13 

citricum,  14 

gallicum,  14 

hydrobromicum,  16 

hydrochloricum,  17 
dilutum,  17 

hydrocyanicum  dilutum,  18 

lacticum,  20 

nitricum,  21 
dilutum,  21 

nitro-hydrochloricum,  22 
dilutum,  22 

oleicum,  23 

phosphoricum  dilutum.  23 
glaciale,  23 

salicylicum,  24 

Bulphuricum,  25 
aromaticum,  26 
dilutum,  25 

sulphurosum,  27 

tannicum.  27 

tartaricum,  30 

valerianicum,  30 
Acne,  302,  364 
Aconite,  31 

extract,  32 

Fleming's  tincture,  33 

leaves,  31 

liniment,  32 

mixtures,  33 

plaster,  32 

root,  31 

tincture,  32 
Aconiti  folia,  31 

radix,  31 
Aconitia,  31 

ointment,  31 
Aconitum,  31 
Adeps,  33 

Adhesive  plaster,  323 
^Ether,  33 

aceticus,  35 

fortior,  34 

nitrosus,  35 
After-pains,  125 
Alcohol,  36 

am'ylic,  37 

amylicum,  37 

diluted,  37 

dilutum,  37 

fortius,  36 

stronger,  36 
Allium,  37 
Allspice,  292 
Almond,  bitter,  58 
oil,  59 

oil,  expressed,  59 
water,  58 

mixture,  58 

powder,  compound,  50 

sweet,  58 

syrup,  59 
Aloe  Barbadensis,  38 

Capensis,  38 


Aloe  Socotrina,  38 
Aloes,  Barbadoes,  38 
Cape,  38 
Socotrine,  38 
purified,  38 
and  asafetida,  pills,  39 

belladonna,  pills,  42 

canella,  powder,  39 

hyoscyamus,  pills,  42 

ipecacuanha,  pills,  42 

iron,  pills,  41 

mastic,  pills,  39 

myrrh,  pills,  39 

tincture,  40 

nux  vomica,  pills,  42 

opium,  pills,  42 

ox-bile,  pills,  41 

savin,  pills,  43 
decoction,  compound,  40 
extract,  40 

vitriolated,  40 
mixture,  compound,  41 
pills,  38 

compound,  41 
suppositories,  39 
tincture,  39 

compound,  41 
wine,  40 

Alopecia  areata,  16 
Althsea,  43 
Alum,  44 

and  belladonna,  collyrium,  44 
collyrium,  44 
dried,  44 
electuary.  44 
gargles,  45 
inhalation,  45 
injection,  45 
lotion,  45 
mixtures,  45 
pills,  46 
powders.  46 
Alumen,  44 

exsiccatum,  44 

Aluminii  et  potassii  sulphas,  44 
Amenorrhoea,  125,  147,  198,  273,  369 
American  columbo,  186 

infusion,  186 

tincture,  186 
hellebore,  375 

extract,  fluid,  376 

tincture,  376 
hemp,  105 

extract,  105 
senna,  114 

infusion,  114 
Ammonia,  46 

inhalation,  48 
liniment,  47 
lotion,  49 
mixtures,  49 
muriate,  53 
spirit,  47 

anisated,  48 

aromatic,  48 

fetid,  48 
solution,  47 
water,  47 

stronger,  47 
Ammoniac,  56 

mixtures,  57 
plaster,  57 
tincture,  57 


INDEX. 


387 


Ammoniac  with  mercury,  plaster,  57 
Ammoniacum,  56 
Ammonii  acetas,  49 

benzoas,  50 

bromidum,  51 

carbonas,  52 

chloridum,  58 

chlpridum  purification,  53 

iodidum,  55 

nitras,  56 

sulphas,  56 

valerianas,  56 
Ammonium  acetate,  49 
mixtures,  50 
solution,  49 

benzoate.  50 

bromide,  51 

mixtures,  51 

carbonate,  52 
mixtures,  53 
solution,  52 

chloride,  53 
lotions,  53 
mixtures,  54 
pastilles,  55 
purified,  53 

iodide,  55 

nitrate.  56 

sulphate,  56 

valerianate,  56 
Amygdala  amara,  58 

dulcis,  58 
Amyl  nitris,  60 

nitrite,  60 
Amyli  iodidum,  61 
Amylum,  60 

Ansemia,  24,  163,  166,  167,  177,  182,  184 
Anesthesia,  33,  123 
Angustura,  61 

infusion,  61 
Anise,  61 

essence,  62 

oil,  62 

oleosaccharate,  62 

spirit,  62 

syrup,  62 

water,  61 
Aniseed,  61 
Anisum,  61 
Anthemis,  62 
Antimonial  ointment,  64 

plaster,  64 

powder,  66 

wine,  64 
Antimonii  et  potassii  tartras,  63 

oxidum,  65 

oxysulphuretum,  66 

sulphuratum,  66 

sulphuretum,  66 
Antimony,  63 

and  potassium  tartrate,  63 

golden  sulphuret,  66 

oxide,  65 

oxysulphnret,  66 

pills,  compound,  66 

sulphurated,  66 
Antimonium,  63 

Aperient  effervescing  powders,  313 
Aphonia,  48 
Aphthae,  352 

Aphthous  stomatitis,  46, 169 
Apocynin,  67 
Apocynum  androsaemi folium,  67 


Apocynum  cannabinum,  67 

decoction,  67 

oleoresin,  67 

Apomorphia  hydrochlorate,  67 
Apomorpbiae  hydrochloras,  67 
Aqua,  67 

ammonias,  47 
fortior,  47 

chlorini,  68 

destillata,  67 
Araroba,  13 
Arbor  vitae,  369 
Argenti  cyanidum,  68 

iodidum,  69 

nitras,  69 
f  usa,  69 

oxidum,  71 
Argentum,  68 
Arnica,  extract,  72 

flowers,  71 

infusion,  72 

plaster,  72 

root,  71 

tincture,  72 
Arnicas  flores,  71 

radix,  71 
Aromatic  confection,  131 

powder,  131 
Arsenic,  7,  72 

antidote,  167,  168 

chloride,  solution,  73 

iodide,  73 
pills,  73 
and  mercury,  solution,  73 

white,  7 
Arsenic!  chloridum,  73 

iodidum,  73 
Arsenicum,  72 
Asafoetida,  74      . 
Asafetida,  74 

and  iron,  pills,  75 
zinc,  pills,  75 

mixtures,  74,  75 

pills,  74 

plaster.  74 

suppositories,  74 

tincture,  75 
Asclepias  incarnata,  75 

oleoresin,  76 

Syriaca,  75 

tuberosa,  75 

Asthma,  74,  199,  249,  250,  360 
Atropia,  76 

mixtures,  77 

ointment,  77 

solution,  77 

sulphate,  76 
Aurantii  amari  cortex,  77 

dulcis  cortex,  77 

flores,  77 
Aurantium,  77 
Auri  chloridum,  79 

et  sodii  chloridum,  79 
Aurum,  79 
Azedarach,  79 

decoction,  80 

BAEL  FRUIT,  82 

decoction,  82 

extract,  liquid,  82 
Balm,  261 

spirit,  compound,  261 

water,  261 


388 


INDEX. 


Balsam  of  copaiba,  146 

of  fir,  369 

of  Peru,  80 

mixture,  SO 
syrup,  80, 

of  tolu,  80 
Balsamum  Peruvianum,  80 

tolutanum,  80 
Baptisia,  81 

decotion,  81 

tincture,  81 

Barker's  post-partum  pills,  213 
Barley,  225 

decoction,  236 
Basilicon  ointment,  321 
Bearberry,  372 
Bearberry,  infusion,  373 
Bed-sores,  316 
Belse  fructus,  82 
Belladonna,  82 

extract,  83 

alcoholic,  83 

leaves,  82 

liniment,  84 

mixtures,  85 

ointment,  84 

pills,  85 

plaster,  83 

root,  82 

extract,  fluid,  84 

suppositories,  84 

tincture,  84 
Belladonna  folia,  82 

radix,  82 
Benzoin,  86 

inhalation,  87 

mixture,  87 

ointment,  86 

tincture,  86 

compound,  86 
Benzoinum,  86 
Berberine  hydrochlorate,  221 

sulphate.  222 
Biliary  calculus,  281 
Bismuth,  87 

lozenges,  89 

purified,  87 

subcarbonate,  87 
powders,  88 

subnitrate,  88 
mixtures,  89 
powders,  90 
Bismuthi  et  ammonii  citras,  90 

subcarbonas,  87 

subnitras,  88 
Bismuthum,  87 
Bites  of  reptiles,  etc.,  301 
Bittersweet,  153 

decoction,  153 

extract,  153 

fluid,  153 
Blackberry,  327 

extract,  fluid,  328 

syrup,  328 

Black  mercurial  lotion,  218 
pepper,  292 

confection,  293 

oleoresin,  293 
wash,  213 

Blancard's  pills,  176 
Blaud's  ferruginous  pills,  182 
Blistering  liquid,  108 
Bloodroot,  330 


Bloodroot  mixtures,  331 

tincture,  331 

vinegar,  330 
Blue  flag,  236 

pill,  207 

vitriol,  143 
Bone-black,  110 
Boneset,  161 
Borax,  352 

gargles,  352 

lotions,  352 

ointment,  353 
Bray  era,  i»l 
Blight's  disease,  292 
Bromine,  91 

solution,  91 
Brominium,  91 

Bronchial  catarrh,  130,  340,  341 
Bronchitis,  36,  50,  53,  64,  75,  151,  153,  199, 

255,  272 

Brown  mixture,  195 
Bruises,  1,  3,  53,  72,  295 
Bryonia.  92 
Bryony,  92 

tincture,  92 
Buchu,  92 

extract,  fluid,  92 

infusion,  92 

leaves,  92 

mixtures,  93 

tincture,  93 
Burgundy  pitch,  293 

plaster,  293 

Burns,  98,  196,  280,  298,  299 
Butter  of  cacao,  281 
Butternut,  238 

extract,  238 

CAFFEA,  93 
Caffein,  93 

citrate,  93 
Caffeinum,  93 
Calabar  bean,  291 

extract,  291 
Calamine,  377 
Calamus,  94 

extract,  94 
tincture,  94 
Calcii  bromidum,  94 

carbonas  praecipitata,  95 
chloridum,  96 
hypophosphis,  97 
phosphas  praecipitata,  97 
sulphidum,97 
Calcium  94 

bromide,  94 

mixture,  94 

carbonate,  precipitated,  95 

chloride,  96 

solution.  97 
hypopbosphite,  97 

mixture,  97 

phosphate,  precipitated,  97 
sulphide,  97 
pills,  98 
Calendula,  100 

tincture,  100 
Calomel,  212 

and  colocynth,  pill,  214 
jalap,  powder,  214 
opium,  pill,  214 
scammony,  pill,  214 
tartar  emetic,  powders,  215 


INDEX. 


389 


Calomel  ointment,  213 

pill,  compound,  213 
Calumba,  100 
Calx,  93 

chlorinata,  99 
Camphor,  101 

liniment,  102 

ammoniated,  102 
compound,  103 

mixtures,  1U3 

monobromated,  104 

ointment,  103 

pills,  104 

spirit,  102 

water,  102 

wine,  103 

with  cantharides,  liniment,  103 
Camphora,  101 

monobromata,  104 
Canada  balsam,  309 

turpentine,  369 
Cancers,  8,  98,  369 
Canella,  105 

powder,  aromatic,  105 
Cannabis  Americana,  105 

Indica,  105 

Cantharidal  collodion,  107 
Cantharides,  106 

cerate,  107 
Cantharides.  collodion,  107 

extract,  108 

extract,  cerate,  107 

liniment,  108 

mixtures,  109 

ointment,  108 

paper,  107 

tincture,  108 

vinegar,  108 
Cantharis,  106 
Capsicum,  109 

and  cantharides,  lotion,  110 

gargles,  110 

infusion,  109 

oleoresin,  109 

tincture,  109 
Caraway,  112 

spirit,  112 

water,  112 
Carbo  animahs,  110 

purificatus,  110 

ligni,  110 
Cardamom,  111 

tincture.  111 

compound,  111 
Cardamom  urn,  111 
Cardiac  debility,  152 

dropsy,  339 
Caries,  97,  175 
Carrageen,  125 
Carum,  112 
Caryophyllus,  112 
Cascarilla,  113 

extract,  113 

infusion,  113 

tincture,  114 
Cassia  fistula.  114 

Marilandica,  114 

purging,  114 
Castanea,  114 
Castor,  115 

tincture,  115 
Castoreum,  115 
Castor  oil,  278 


I  Castor  oil  emulsion,  279 

mixture,  279 
Catarrhal  affections,  1,  80,  86,  125,  220,  227, 

jaundice,  257 

ophthalmia,  44 
Catechu,  115 

infusion,  compound,  116 

lozenges,  116 

mixtures,  117 

powder,  compound,  116 

tincture,  116 
Caustic  potash,  301 

soda,  347 
Cera,  117 

alba,  117 

flava,  117 
Cerata,  117 
Cerate,  117 
Ceratum,  117 
Cerii  oxalas,  117 
Cerium  oxalate,  117 

capsules,  118 
pills,  118 
Cetaceum,  118 
Cetraria,  119 
Chalk  and  opium,  aromatic  powder,  96 

prepared,  95 

troches,  96 

mixture,  95 

compound,  96 

powder,  aromatic,  96 
Chamomile,  62 

extract,  63 

infusion,  62 

oil,  63 

camphorated,  63 
infused,  63 

German,  259 
Charcoal,  animal,  110 

purified,  110 

lozenges.  111 

poultice,  111 

wood,  110 
Chenopodium,  119 
Chestnut,  114 

leaves,  extract,  fluid,  115 

infusion,  115 
Chimaphila,  120 
Chirata,  121 

infusion,  121 

tincture,  121 
Chiretta,  121 
Chloral,  121 

hydrate,  121 

injection,  122 

lotion,  122 

mixtures,  122 

syrup,  122 

Chlorine  poultice,  348 
Chloroform,  123 

commercial,  123 

liniment,  123 

mixtures,  123,  124 

narcosis,  60 

ointment,  124 

purified,  123 

spirit,  124 

water,  124 
Chloroformum,  123 

purificatum,  123 

venale,  123 
Chondrus,  125 


390 


INDEX. 


Chordee,  104 

Chorea,  7,  69,  105,  125,  138,  144,  163,  273,  291, 

Chronic  bronchitis,  8,  125,  141,  261,  339,  355 

catarrh,  58,  279 

diarrhoea,  15,  46,  82,  143,  178,  382 

dysentery,  46,  143,  276,  382 

gastric  catarrh,  70,  71 

intestinal  catarrh,  280 

lichen,  21 

hepatitis,  92 

rheumatism,    153,  200,  264,  293,  309, 
359 

tracheitis,  46 
Cimicifuga,  125 

extract,  fluid,  125 

mixture,  126 

resin,  126 

tincture,  126 
Cimicifugin,  126 
Cinchona,  126 

and  rhubarb,  mixture,  129 

extract,  127 
fluid,  128 

flava,  126 

pale,  127 

pallida,  127 

red,  127 

decoction,  127 
infusion,  128 

rubra,  127 

tincture,  128 

compound,  129 

yellow,  126 

decoction,  127 
infusion,  128 
Cinchonia  sulphate,  129 
capsules,  130 
mixture,  130 
pills,  130 

Cinchoniae  sulphas,  129 
Cinchonidia  sulphate,  130 
Cinchonidiae  sulphas,  130 
Cinnamon,  130 

oil,  131 

spirit,  131 

syrup,  132 

tincture,  131 

water,  131 
Cinnamomum,  130 
Citrine  ointment,  218 
Cloves,  112 

infusion,  112 

oil,  113 

spirit,  113 

tincture,  113 
Coca,  159 

tincture,  160 
Coccus,  132 
Cochineal,  132 

tincture,  132 
Codeia,  132 
Cod-liver  oil,  276 

emulsions,  277 

mixtures,  277 

phosphorated,  278 
Coffee,  93 
Colchici  radix,  132 

semen,  132 
Colchicum,  132 

extract,  acetic,  133 

mixtures,  Io4 

pills,  135 


Colchicum  root,  132 

extract,  fluid,  133 
tincture,  134 
wine,  134 

seed,  132 

extract,  alcoholic,  134 
extract,  fluid,  133 
wine,  134 

tincture,  133 

vinegar,  134 
Colds,  189 
Colic,  61,  366 
Colliquative  diarrhoea,  26,  363 

sweats,  26,  28 
Collodion,  137 

carbolized,  11 

flexible,  137 
Collodiuin,  137 

cum  cantharide,  107 

flexile,  137 
Colocynth,  135 

and  hyoscyamus,  pill,  136 

extract,  136 

compound,  136 

pills,  137 

compound,  136 

tincture,  137 
Colocynthis,  135 
Columbo,  100 

extract,  101 

extract,  fluid,  100 

infusion,  101 

mixtures,  101 

tincture,  101 
Comedo,  365 
Condylomata,  13,  22 
Common  salt,  354 
Confectio  aromatica,  131 
Conii  folia,  138 

fructus,  138 
Conium,  138 

extract,  138 

alcoholic,  138 

juice,  139 

mixtures,  140 

ointment,  139 

pills,  140 

plaster,  139 

poultice,  140 

seed,  extract,  fluid,  139 

tincture,  139 
Conjunctivitis,  268,  287 
Constipation,    41,  83,  137,  160,  162,  238,  274, 

301,  323,  375 
Consumption,  276,  314 
Convulsions,  51,  104,  121,  305 
Copaiba,  140 

cubebs  and  catechu,  electuary,  141 

mixtures,  141 

oil,  141 

pills,  141 
Copper,  142 

ammoniated,  144 

subacetate,  142 

sulphate,  143 

colly  rium,  143 
injections,  143 
mixtures,  143 
pills,  143 
Coriander,  144 

oil,  144 

spirit,  144 
Coriandrum,  144 


INDEX. 


391 


Corns,  143 
Cornus  florida,  145 
Corrosive  sublimate,  210 

lotions,  ^11 

mixtures,  312 

pills,  compound,  211 

solution,  211 
Cotton,  196 

gun,  soluble,  197 

medicated,  197 
Cotton-root  bark,  198 

decoction,  198 

extract,  fluid,  198 
Cough,  17,  20,  125,  195,  269 
Cracked  nipples,  86,  281,  299 
Cranesbill,  193 
Cream  of  tartar,  304 
Creasote,  145 

bath,  146 

inhalation,  146 

mixtures,  146 

ointment,  146 

pill,  146 

water,  146 
Creasotum,  145 
Creta  pragparata,  95 
Crocus,  147 
Croton  oil,  281 

and  colocynth,  pills,  282 

liniment,  282 

compound,  282 

paint,  2*2 

pills,  282 

Croup,  20,  44,  220 
Cubeb,  147 

and  copaiba,  pills,  148 
iron,  powder,  148 

confection,  148 

extract,  fluid,  147 

oleoresin,  148 

oil,  148 

tincture,  148 

troches,  148 
Cubeba,  147 
Cupri  subacetas,  142 

sulphas,  143 
Cuprum,  142 

ammoniatum,  144 
Cypripedium,  149 
Cystitis,  92,  120,  272 

DANDELION,  367 

elixir,  compound,  368 

extract,  3H7 
fluid,  368 

infusion,  368 

juice,  368 
Delirium,  104 

tremens,  104,  121,  150,  251 
Delphinia,  149 

ointment,  149 

solution,  149 

Delphinium  staphisagria,  149 
Diarrhoea,  46,  69,  89,  95,  96,  99,  100, 
193,  198,  203,  240,  241,   253,  255, 
288,  290,  297,  327,  380,  383 
Digitalin,  150,  152 
Digitalinum,  152 
Digitalis,  150 

extract,  150 
fluid,  150 

infusion,  151 

mixtures,  151 


103,  116, 
276,  279, 


I  Digitalis  pills,  152 

tincture,  151 

Dilatation  of  the  heart,  158 
Diphtheria,  10,  12,  20,  27,  163.  168,  169,  307. 

320,  348,  357 
Dog's  bane.  67 
Dogwood,  145 

decoction,  145 
extract,  fluid,  145 
Donovan's  solution,  To 
Dover's  powder,  234 

Dropsy,  67,  125,  135,  150,  154,  263,  303,  367 
Dulcamara,  153 
Dysentery,  17,  21,  69,  100,  116,  193,  233,  240, 

241,  279,  281,  327,  372 

Dysmenorrhcea,  42,  85, 102,  147,  198,  315,  361 
Dyspepsia,  5,  20,  21,  22,  38,  93,  95,  100,  109, 
110, 113,  220,  273,  290,  302,  315,  350,  355,  367 

ECZEMA,  45,  70,  210,  251,  275,  295,  335,  349, 

351,  352,  353,  354,  371,  380 
Effervescing  powders,  350 
Elaterin,  154 

solution,  154 
Elaterinum,  154 
Elaterium,  153 

powder,  compound,  154 

pills,  154 
Elecampane,  227 

extract,  227 

tincture,  228 
Elemi,  155 

ointment,  155 
Elixir  of  Paracelsus,  273 

simplex,  155 
Emetia,  156 
Emetine,  156 
Emphysema,  250 
Enlarged  glands,  56 

spleen,  182 
Epilepsy,  51,  69,  94,  104,   138.  144,  248,  305, 

360.  373,  383 
Epsom  salt,  254 
Ergot,  156 

extract,  157 
fluid,  156 

infusion,  157 

mixtures,  157 

pills,  158 

suppositories,  158 

tincture,  157 

wine,  157 
Ergota,  156 
Ergotin,  157 

injection,  hypodermic,  157 
Erigeron,  159 

extract,  fluid,  159 

oil,  159 

Erysipelas,  32,  163,  168,  170,  298 
Erythema,  45,  69,  298,  353,  377 
Erythroxylon,  159 
Ether,  33 

acetic,  35 

mixtures,  35 

nitrous,  35 

mixtures,  36 
spirit,  35 

spirit,  compound,  34 

stronger,  34 

sulphuric,  33 

syrup.  M4 
Ethereal  oil,  30 
Eucalyptus,  160 


392 


INDEX. 


Eucalyptus  oil,  160 

tincture,  160 
Euonymus,  160 

infusion,  160 

tincture,  161 
Eupatorium,  161 
Excoriated  surfaces,  380 
Extracta  fluida,  161 
Extracts,  fluid,  161 

FEL  BOVINUM,  161 
Fennel,  185 

essence,  185 

oil,  185 

spirit,  185 

water,  185 
Fern,  184 

extract,  184 
liquid,  184 
ethereal,  184 

oleoresin,  184 
Ferri  acetas,  164 

arsenias,  165 

carbonas  saccharata,  165 

chloridum,  167 

citras,  170 

et  ammonii  citras.  171 
ammonii  sulphas,  171 
ammonii  tartras,  173 
potassii  tartras,  172 
quini<e  citras,  173 
strychniae  citras,  174 

hypophosphis,  174 

iodidum,  175 

lactas,  176 

nitras,  177 

oxalas,  177 

oxidunx  hydratum,  178 

phosphas,  179 

pyrophosphas,  179 

subcarbonas,  167 

sulphas,  180 

exsiccata,  181 

sulphuretum,  183 

valerianas,  184 
Ferrum,  162 

redactum,  163 
Fetor  of  the  breath,  311 
Fibroid  phthisis,  54,  311 

tumors,  96 
Ficus,  184 
Fig,  184 
Filix  mas  184 
Fissure  of  the  anus,  86,  242 
Flatulence,  110 
Flatulent  colic,  253,  362,  276 
Flaxseed,  246 

infusion,  compound,  247 

meal,  247 

oil,  247 

sulphurated,  247 
Fleabane,  159 
Fluid  extracts,  161 
Foeniculum,  185 
Follicular  pharyngitis,  55,  307 
Fowler's  solution,  303 
Frasera,  186 
Furuncular  inflammations,  98 

GALBANUM,  186 

pills,  compound,  18(5 
plaster,  187 

compoifhd,  187 


Galbanum  plaster  with  saffron,  187 

Galla,  187 

Galls,  decoction,  188 

and  opium,  ointment,  188 
Gamboge,  188 

pills,  compound,  188, 189 
Gambogia,  188 

Gangrenous  ulcers  and  wounds,  91,  110,  311 
Garlic,  37 

syrup,  37 

Gastralgia,  77,  231,  256 
Gastric  ulcer,  69,  77,  89,  231,  256 
Gaultheria,  189 

essence,  189 

oil.  189 

spirit,  189 

water,  189 
Gelsemium,  190 

extract,  fluid,  190 

tincture,  190 
Gentian,  190 

and  iron,  pill,  192 
zinc,  pill,  193 

extract,  191 
fluid,  191 

infusion,  compound,  191 

mixtures,  192 

syrup,  192 

tincture,  192 

compound,  191 

wine,  192 
Gentiana,  190 

Andrewsii,  190 

Catesbsei,  190 

lutea,  190 
Geranium,  193 

decoction,  193 

extract,  193 
fluid,  193 

tincture,  194 
German  chamomile,  259 

extract,  259 

infusion,  259 

oil,  259 

infused,  260 

syrup,  260 

water,  200 
Ginger,  383 

extract,  fluid,  383 

infusion,  384 

oleoresin,  384 

syrup,  384 

tincture,  384 

stronger,  384 

Glandular  inflammation,  9S,  228 
Gleet,  106,  120,  141,  170.  222,  240 
Glycerin,  194 

lotions,  194 
Glycerin  um,  194 
Glycerita,  194 
Glycerites,  194 
Glycerite  of  yolk  of  eggs,  277 
Glycouin,  277 
Glycyrrhiza,  194 
Glycyrrhizin,  194 
Glycyrrhizinum,  194 
Goa  powder,  13 
Gold,  79 

chloride,  79 

and  sodium,  chloride,  79 

Gonorrhoea,  29,  45,  70,  122,  141,  143,  148,  221, 
222,  295,  297,  308,  311,  332,  376,  379,  381  f 
382 


INDEX. 


393 


Gonorrhoea!  orchitis,  815  . 
Gossypii  radicis  cortex,  19S 
Gossypium,  196 
Goulard's  cerate,  295 

extract,  296 

Gout,  95,  132,  134,  213,  247.  303,  350,  375 
Granati  fructus  cortex,  19*8 

radicis  cortex,  198 
Griffith's  mixture,  166 
Grindeiia,  199 

extract,  fluid,  200 

mixture,  200 

tincture,  200 
Guaiac,  201 

gargle,  202 

mixture,  201 

powder,  compound,  202 

tincture,  201 

ammoniated,  201 
Guaiaci  lignum  „  200 

resina,  201 
<  Juaiacum  wood,  200 

decoction.  200 

tincture,  201 
(iuarana,  202 

extract,  fluid,  202 

tincture,  202 
Gum  arable.  2 

mixture,  3 

mucilage,  3 

syrup,  3 

troches,  3 

H,£MATOXYLOX,  203 

Hsematuria.  15,  120 
Haemoptysis,  295 
Hamamelis,  204 
Hay  fever,  200 
Headache.  2G2,  305,  381 
Heart,  organic  disease  of,  150 
Hellebore,  American,  375 

green,  375 

Hemlock  poultice.  140 
Hemorrhages,  29,  116,  150,  151,  156,  163,  178, 

204,  241,  279,  295 
Hemorrhagic  diathesis,  15 
Hemorrhoids,  5,  38.  4??  188,  204,  221,  364,  365 
Hemp,  American,  105 

extract,  105 

Indian,  105 

mixtures,  106 

pills.  106 

tincture,  106 
Henbane,  222 
Hepatic  colic,  123 
Herpes,  :--55.  877 
Hoarseness,  55 
Hoffmann's  anodyne.  34 
Honey,  260 

clarified,  261 

cough  mixture,  261 

suppositories,  261 

syrup,  261 
Hooper's  pills,  182 
Hops,  205 

extract,  205 

infusion,  205 

inhalations.  205 

tincture,  205 
Hordeum,  1:25 
Hospital  gangrene,  91 
Humulus,  205 
Hydrargyri  chloridum  corrosivnm,  210 


Hydrargyri  chloridum  mite,  212 
cyanidum,  215 
iodidum  rubrum,  215 

viride,  216 
nitras,  217 
oxidum  flavum,  218 

rubrum,  219 
sulphas  flava,  219 
sulphuretum  rubrum,  220 
Hydrargyrum,  206 

ammoniatum,  209 
Hydrastia,  221 
Hydrastiae,  221 

injection,  222 
powder,  212 
Hydrastis,  220 

extract,  fluid,  220 
lotion,  221 
tincture,  220 
Hydromel,  260 
Hyoscyamii  folia,  222 

semen.  222 
Hyoscyamus,  222 

and  camphor,  pill,  225 

Dover's  powder,  pill,  225 
iron,  pill,  225 
valerian,  pills,  224 
extract,  223 
alcoholic,  223 
fluid,  223 
inhalation.  225 
juice,  224 
leaves,  222 
oil  infused,  224 
ointment,  224 
plaster.  224 
seed,  222 

extract,  224 

squill  and  ipecac,  pill,  225 
tincture,  223 
Hysteria,  34,  56.  74, 104,  115,  121,  373,  383 

ICELAND  Moss.  119 

decoction,  11'.) 

without  bitterness,  119 
Ichthyocolla,  226 
Ignatia,  226 

extract,  226 

tincture,  alkaline,  220 
Illicium,  227 
Ecus,  366 
Impetigo,  297 

Incontinence  of  urine,  83,  92,  104,  100,  273 
Indian  hemp,  67,  105 

extract,  105 

Indigestion,  99,  256,  290 
Indolent  swellings,  186 

ulcers,  218 
Infantile  convulsions,  51 

paralysis,  363 
Inflamed  breasts,  83 

joints,  288 

testicle,  288 
Influenza,  48.  54 
Insomnia,  121 

Intermittent  fever,  7, 127, 145, 161, 220,  221,  330 
Intertrigo,  45,  251,  298,  353 
Inula,  227 
Iodine,  228 

and  belladonna,  liniments,  230 

caustic,  Churchill's,  230 
~es,  230 

rmic  injection,  230 


394 


INDEX. 


Iodine  inhalation,  230 
liniment,  229 
mixtures,  231 
ointment,  229 

compound,  229 

plaster,  compound,  231 
solution,  compound.  228 

for  the  throat.  231 
tincture,  228 

Churchill's,  230 

colorless,  229 

compound,  228 
lodinium,  228 
lodoform,  231 

and  calamine,  powder,  233 

camphor,  powder,  232 

morphia,  powder,  233 

tannic  acid,  powder,  232 
ointment,  232 
pills,  232 
solution,  233 
suppositories,  2:>:'> 
lodoformum,  231 
Ipecacuanha,  233 

extract,  alcoholic,  235 

fluid,  234 
mixtures,  285 
powder,  compound,  284 
syrup,  234 
tincture,  235 
troches,  234 
wine,  235 
Iris  Florentina,  235 

versicolor,  236 

oleoreein,  236 

tincture,  236 
Irisin,  236 
Irish  moss,  125 

decoction,  125 
Iritis,  83,  268 
Iron,  162 

acetate,  164 

solution,  164 

tincture,  164 

ethereal,  164 
and  ammonium  citrate,  171 

mixtures,  171 
and  ammonium  sulphate,  171 

inhalation,  172 
and  ammonium  tartrate,  172 

and  croton  oil,  pills,  183 
and  potassium  tartrate,  1 72 

lozenges,  173 

mixtures,  173 

syrup,  173 
and  quinia,  citrate,  173 

syrup,  174 

wine,  174 
and  strychnia,  citrate,  174 

valerian,  pills,  182 

zinc,  pills,  183 
arseniate,  165 

pills,  165 

carbonate,  arsenic  and  quinia,  pills, 
166 

pill,  166 

saccharated,  165 
chloride,  167 

solution,  168 

syrup,  169 

tincture,  168 
citrate,  170 

solution,  170 


Iron  citrate,  wine,  171 

hypophosphite,  174 
iodide,  175 

pills,  176 

saccharated,  176 

solution,  176 

syrup,  '175 
lactate,  176 

nux    vomica   and    cannabis,  cap- 
sules, 177 

powder,  effervescing,  177 
mixture,  compound,  166 
nitrate,  177 

solution,  177 
oxalate,  177 
oxide,  hydrated,  178 

saccharated,  178 
pernitrate,  solution,  178 
peroxide,  hydrated,  178 

moist,  178 
phosphate,  179 

pill,  179 

syrup,  179 
pills,  compound,  181 
plaster,  167 
pyrophosphate,  179 

mixture,  180 

syrup, 180 
reduced,  163 

lozenges,  163 

pills,  164 

sesquichloride,  tincture,  ethereal,  169 
subcarbonate,  167 

troches,  167 

subsulphate,  solution,  181 
sulphate,  180 

and  quinia  pills,  182 

dried,  181 

inhalation,  183 

mixtures,  183 
sulphuret,  183 
tartrated,  173 
tersulphate,  solution,  181 
tincture,  168 

and  cinchonia,  mixture,  169 
glycerin,  mixtures,  170 
nux  vomica,  mixture,  170 
potassium  chlorate,  mixtures, 

169 

quinia,  mixture,  170 
valerianate,  184 
Irritable  bladder,  12,  302 
Isinglass,  226 

JABORANDI,  292 

tincture,  292 
Jalap,  236 

and  scammony,  powder,  238 
sulphur,  confection,  238 

confection,  238 

extract.  237 

pills,  238 

powder,  compound,  237 

resin,  237 

soap,  237 

tincture,  237 

compound,  237 
Jalapa,  236 
Juglans,  238 
Juniper,  238 

extract,  239 

infusion,  239 

oil,  239 


INDEX. 


395 


Juniper,  spirit,  239 

compound,  239 
Juniperus,  238 

KAMALA,  239 
Kameela,  239 

tincture,  240 
Kermes'  mineral,  66 
Kino,  240 

infusion,  240 

powder,  compound,  240 

tincture,  240 

troches,  241 
Kousso,  91 

infusion,  91 
Krameria,  241 

LACTUCARIUM,  243 
syrup?  243 
Ladies'  slipper,  149 
Lard,  33 

Laryngeal  phthisis,  19 
Laryngitis,  48,  53,  87,  371 
Lavandula,  244 
Lavender,  244 
oil,  244 
spirit,  244 

compound,  244 
Lead,  295 

acetate,  295 

ointment,  297 
and  opium,  lotions,  288 
opium,  pill,  96 
opium,  suppositories,  296 
carbonate.  298 

ointment,  298 

with  glycerin,  ointment,  298 
injections,  297 
iodide,  298 

ointment,  299 
plaster,  299 
lotions,  297 
mixtures,  297 
nitrate,  299 

glycerite,  299 
ointment,  Hebra's,  300 
opium,  and  camphor,  powder,  297 
oxide,  299 
plaster,  299 

compound,  300 
soft,  300 

subacetate,  cerate,  295 
liniment,  296 
solution,  296 
solution,  diluted,  296 
suppositories,  296 
water,  296 
white,  298 

ointment,  camphorated,  298 
Lemon,  245 

juice,  245 
oil,  246 
peel,  245 

tincture,  246 
spirit,  :246 
syrup,  246 

Lemonade  powder,  14 
Lepra,  8 
Leptandra,  245 

extract,  fluid,  245 
resin,  245 
Leptandrin,  245 
Lettuce  and  henbane,  pills.  244 


Lettuce  and  henbane  extract,  248 
syrup,  24:-! 

water,  244 

Levant  wormseed,  332 

Leucorrhcea,  45,  240,  272,  295,  311,  316,  352,  381 
Lichen,  297,  353,  354 
Lime,  98 

carbonate,  precipitated,  95 

chlorinated,  99 
lotion,  99 
solution,  99 

liniment,  98 

lotions,  99 

solution,  98 

saccharated,  99 

water,  98 
Limon,  245 
Limonis  cortex,  245 

succus,  245 
Linseed,  246 

oil,  247 

poultice,  247 
Linum,  246 
Liquor  ammonii  acetatis,  49 

arsenici  et  hydrargyri  iodidi,  73 

bismuthi  et  ammonii  citratis,  90 

calcii  chloridi,  97 

potassii  arsenitis,  303 

sodae  chlorinatae,  348 
Liquorice,  194 

and  opium,  troches,  195 

decoction,  196 

mixture,  compound,  195 

paste,  195 

powder,  compound,  196 

root,  194 

extract,  fluid,  195 

syrup,  196 
Litharge,  299 
Lithii  benzoas,  247 

bromidum,  248 

carbonas,  248 

citras,  249 
Lithium,  247 

benzoate,  247 

bromide,  248 
mixture,  248 

carbonate,  248 
mixture,  248 

citrate,  249 

solution,  effervescing,  248 
Lobelia,  249 

mixtures,  250 

tincture,  249 
ethereal,  249 

vinegar,  249 
Logwood,  203 

decoction,  203 

extract,  203 

mixtures,  203 
Lumbago,  125,  293 
Lumbrici,  79,  332,  358 
Lupulin,  250 

and  capsicum,  mixture,  251 

extract,  fluid,  250 

oleoresin,  250 

tincture,  251 
Lupulina,  250 
Lupus,  8 
Lycopodium,  251 

MACE,  271 
Macis,  271 


396 


INDEX. 


Macrotin,  1:20 
Magendie's  solution,  268 
Magnesia,  251 

calcined,  251 

mixture,  252 

troches,  251 
Magnesii  carbonas,  252 

citras,  253 

sulphas,  254 
Magnesium,  251 

carbonate,  252 

and  catechu,  troches,  252 
rhubarb,  powder,  253 
mixtures,  253 
solution,  252 
troches,  252 

citrate,  253 

effervescing,  254 
solution,  254 

sulphate,  254 

sulphate,  mixtures,  254 
Magnolia,  255 

decoction,  256 
Male  fern,  184 

confection,  185 

mixture,  185 

Malignant  growths,  7,  369 
Malt,  256 

extract,  256 

ferrated,  256 
Maltum,  256 
Mammary  cancer,  320 
Manganese,  256 

black  oxide,  256 
ointment,  257 

sulphate,  257 

and  ox-bile,  pills,  257 
Manganesii,  oxidum  nigrum,  256 

sulphas,  257 
Manganesium,  256 
Mania,  121,  138 
Manna,  257 

syrup,  257 

troches,  258 
Marigold,  100 
Marshmallow,  43 

decoction,  43 

syrup,  43 

troches,  43 
Mastic,  258 

tincture,  ethereal,  258 
Mastiche,  258 
Matico,  258 

extract,  fluid,  258 

infusion,  259 
Matricaria,  259 
May-apple,  300 

extract,  300 

resin,  301 
Mel,  260 
Melissa,  201 
Menorrhagia,  15,  156 
Mentha  piperita,  202 

viridis,  263 
Mercurial  ointment,  207 

compound,  207,  209 

plaster,  207 

salivation,  308 
Mercury,  206 

ammoniated,  209 

ointments,  209,  210 

bichloride,  210 

biniodide,  215 


Mercury  corrosive  chloride,  210 
cyanide,  215 
green  iodide,  216 
mild  chloride,  212 
nitrate,  217 

ointment,  218 
solution,  217 
with  zinc,  ointment,  218 
oleate,  219 
pills,  207 

pills,  compound,  208 
protiodide,  216 

and  henbane,  pills,  217 

opium,  pills,  217 
red  iodide,  215 
mixtures,  216 
pills,  216 
ointment,  216 
red  oxide,  219 

ointment,  219 
red  sulphuret,  220 
with  chalk,  206 
pills,  207 
powders,  208 
with  iron,  pill,  2(18 

quinia,  pills,  208 
yellow  oxide,  218 

ointment,  218 
yellow  sulphate,  219 
Metrorrhagia,  5,  156,  158,  305 
Mezereon,  264 

extract,  265 

ethereal,  265 
fluid,  264 
ointment,  265 
Mezereum,  264 
Milfoil,  5 
Miller's  pills,  189 
Mistura  ferri  composita,  166 
Mitral  regurgitation,  164 
Molasses,  329 
Monsel's  styptic,  181 
Morbid  growths,  301 
Morphia,  205 

acetate,  266 

hypodermic  injection,  268 
solution,  207 
hydrochlorate,  260 

and  hydrocyanic   acid,    mixture, 
268 

lotion,  270 
pills,  268 
solution,  267 

with  soap,  suppositories,  208 
muriate,  266 
sulphate,  266 

and    atropia,    hypodermic    injec- 
tion, 268 

bismuth,  powder,  269 
iron,  mixture,  209 
ipecacuanha,  troches,  267 
quinia,  powder,  270 
zinc,  pills,  201) 
collyrium,  208 
cough  mixtures,  269 
solution,  266 

Magendie's,  266 
suppositories,  267 
zinc,  and  atropia,  collyrium.  268 
Morphine,  265 
Moschus,  270 
Mucous  patches,  22 
Muriate  of  ammonia,  ?)'•> 


INDEX. 


397 


Musk,  270 

mixtures,  271 

tincture,  270 

ethereal,  270 
Mustard,  346 

liniment,  compound,  347 

oU,  347 

expressed,  347 

paper,  346 

poultice,  340 
Myristica,  271 
Myrrh,  272 

extract,  272 

gargles,  272 

mixtures,  273 

tincture,  272 
Myrrha,  272 

NASAL  AFFECTIONS,  197 
Naso-pharyngeal  catarrh,  853 
Necrosis,  1(33.  175,  276 
Nervous  affections,  16,  37,  115,  244 

dyspepsia,  71 

exhaustion,  290 

irritability,  24 
Neuralgia,  7,  31,  32,  33,  53.  105,  123,  149,  163, 

231,  273,  290,  360,  361,  375,  383 
Neutral  mixture,  308 
Night-sweats,  14 
Nitrated  lunar  caustic,  70 
Nitrated  paper,  311 
Nitre,  310 

Nitrous  powders,  311 
Nutgall,  187 

decoction,  188 

ointment,  188 

and  opium,  ointment,  188 

tincture,  188 
Nutmeg,  271 

cerate,  272 

oil,  271 

expressed,  271 

spirit,  271 
Nux  vomica,  273 

extract,  273 

mixtures,  274 

pills,  274 

tincture.  274 
ethereal,  274 

OAK  BARK,  316 
Oil  of  cade,  275 

ointments,  275 
cajuput.  275 

liniment,  276 

mixture,  276 

refined,  276 

spirit.  271) 
castor,  278 
cod-liver.  276 
croton,  281 
ethereal,  36 
fusel,  37 
oli ve,  278 

enema.  278 

mixture,  278 
phosphorated,  291 
sweet,  278 
theobroma,  281 
turpentine,  279 
vitriol,  25 

Oleate  of  mercury,  219 
Oleum  aethereum,  36 


Oleum  cadinum,  275 
cajuputi,  275 
morrhuae,  276 
oliv«e,  278 
ricini,  278 
terebinthinae,  279 
theobromze,  281 
tiglii,  281 
Olive  oil,  278 

enema,  278 
mixture,  278 
Opium,  282 

and  lead,  enema,  287 
lotions,  288 

saffron,  tincture,  286 

zinc,  collyria,  287 
catechu,  and  chalk,  mixture,  288 
collyrium,  287 
confection,  283 
enema,  285 
extract,  284 
extract,  liquid,  285 
glycerite,  286 
infusion.  288 
liniment,  286 
lotion,  287 
lozenges,  286 
ointment,  287 
pills,  284 
plaster,  2S3 
poisoning,  93 
powder,  compound,  286 
rhubarb,  and  camphor,  mixtures, 
suppositories,  284 
syrup,  287  r 

tincture,  284 

acetated,  284 

ammoniated,  286 

camphorated,  285 

deodorized,  285 
vinegar.  283 
water,  287 
wine,  285 
Orange,  77 

flowers,  77 

syrup,  78 

water,  78 
peel,  bitter,  77 

confection,  78 

infusion,  79 

compound,  79 

syrup,  78 

sweet,  77 
tincture,  78 
Orchitis,  366 
Orris,  Florentine,  235 
Ovarian  neuralgia,  85,  126 

tumors,  96 
Oxaluria,  22 
Ox  bile,  169 

purified,  162 
and  aloes,  pills,  163 
Oxymel,  5,  260 

PARAMETRITIS,  232 
Parasitic  diseases,  353 
Pareira  brava.  289 

extract,  fluid,  289 

infusion,  289 

Passive  hemorrhages,  5, 14 
Paullinia,  202 
Pectoral  elixir,  196 
I  Pepo,  2^9 


398 


INDEX. 


Peppermint,  262 

oil,  262 

spirit,  262 

syrup,  263 

troches,  263 

water,  362 
Pepsin,  290 

liquid,  290 

saccharated,  290 
Pepsinum,  290 
Pericarditis,  92 
Perimetritis,  232 
Pharyngitis,  371 
Phosphatic  calculi,  8 

deposits,  20 
Phosphorated  oil,  291 
Phosphorus,  290 

pill,  291 

Phtheiriasis,  211 

Phthisis,  19,  37,  125,  163,  175,  228,  355,  357 
Physostigma,  291 
Pills,  Barker's  post-partum,  213 

Blancard's,  176 

cathartic,  compound,  136 

Hooper's,  182 

iron,  compound,  181 

Miller's,  189 

White's  gout,  213 
Pilocarpus,  292 
Pilula  f  erri  carbonatis,  1 66 

catharticas  composite,  136 
Pimenta,  292 
Pimento,  292 

oil,  292 

wat$r,  292 
Piukroot,  358 
Piper,  292 
Pipsissewa,  120 

decoction,  120 

extract,  fluid,  120 
Pitch  plaster,  293 

with  cantharides,  293 
Pityriasis  capitis,  122 
Pix  Burgundica,  293 

liquida,  294 

Plaster  of  pitch  with  cantharides,  293 
Pleurisy,  32,  50.  64,  75,  92,  190,  228,  282.  292, 
341,  376 

root,  75 

decoction,  7<» 
Plumbi  acetas,  295 

carbonas,  298 

iodidum,  298 

nitras,  299 

oxidum,  299 
Plumbum,  295 
Plummer's  pills,  66 
Pneumonia,   32,    50,   64,   75,   127,    190,    342, 

376 
Podophyllin,  301 

pills,  compound,  301 
Podophyllum.  300 
Poison  hemlock,  138 
Poisoned  wounds,  301 
Pomegranate  rind,  198 

root  bark,  198 

decoction,  199 
extract,  alcoholic,  199 
and  male  fern,  mixture.  199 
Porrigo,  257 

Post-nasal  catarrh,  30,  71 
Potash,  effervescing  solution,  304 
Potassa,  301 


Potassa  lotion,  302 

mixture,  302 
solution,  302 
with  lime,  302 
Potassii  acetas,  303 
arsenis,  303 
bicarbonas,  304 
bitartras,  304 
bromidum,  304 
carbonas,  306 
chloras,  306 
citras,  307 
et  sodii  tartras,  313 
iodidum,  308 
nitras,  310 
permanganas,  311 
sulphas,  312 
sulphuretum,  312 
tartras,  313 
Potassium,  301 

acetate.  303 

mixtures,  303 
and  sodium  tartrate,  313 
arsenite,  solution,  303 
bicarbonate,  304 
bitartrate,  304 
bromide,  304 
gargle,  305 
mixtures,  305 
•     carbonate,  306 

pure,  306 
chlorate,  306 
gargles,  307 
mixture,  307 
troches,  307 
citrate,  307 

mixtures,  308 
solution,  308 
iodide,  308 

and  soap,  liniment,  309 
mixtures,  309 
ointment,  309 
nitrate,  310 
permanganate,  311 
gargle,  311 
solution,  311 
sulphate,  312 
sulphuret,  312 
lotions,  312 
ointment,  312 
tartrate,  313 

Powder,  aromatic,  131     • 
Powders,  effervescing,  350 

aperient,  313 
Priapism,  104 
Proof  spirit,  37 
Prunus  Virginiana,  314 
Prurigo,  21 
Pruritus  ani,  27,  124 

of  old  people,  352 
vulvse,  352,  355 
Psoriasis,  73,  349 
Puerperal  inflammation,  376 
Pulmonary  hemorrhage,  369 
Pulsatiila,  315 

tincture,  315 
Pulveres  effervescentes,  350 

effervescentes  aperientes,  313 
Pulvis  aromaticus,  131 
j  Pumpkin  seed,  289 
!  Purpura  haemorrhagica,  15 
j  Purulent  ophthalmia,  211 
1  Pyroxylon,  197 


INDEX. 


399 


QUASSIA,  315 

extract,  315 

infusion,  315 

tincture,  316 
Queen  s  delight,  359 
Quercus,  316 
Quillaia,  316 

tincture,  316 
Qninia,  317 

bisulphate,  317 

bisulphate,  hypodermic  injection,  317 

for  inunction,  321 

hydrobromate.  :J17 

hydrochlorate,  318 

sulphate,  318 

mixtures,  319 
pills,  319,  320 

tincture,  319 

ammoniated,  319 

valerianate,  321 

wine,  319 
Quinidia  sulphate,  321 

RACHITIS,  97,  356 
Rectal  fistula  and  ulcer.  9 
Rectified  spirit,  36 
Red  precipitate,  219 

sandal-wood,  331 
saunders,  331 
Refrigerant  powder,  310 
Relaxation  of  the  throat,  1 16 
Remittent  fever,  161 
Renal  colic,  123 
Resm,  321 

cerate,  321 

compound,  322 
plaster,  322 
Resina,  321 
Retention  of  iirine,  92 
Rhamnus  frangula,  322 

extract,  fluid,  322 
mixture,  322 
Rhatany,  241 

extract,  241 

fluid,  241 
infusion,  241 
injection,  242 
mixture,  242 
suppositories,  242 
syrup,  242 
tincture,  242 
troches,  242 
Rheum,  322 

Rheumatism,  1,  25,  32,  53,  75,  92, 125,  127, 132, 
149,  161,  190,  247.  248,  276.  293,  303,  341,  350, 
375,  376 
Rhubarb,  322 

and  senna,  tincture.  325 

soda,  mixture.  325 
extract,  323 

compound,  325 
fluid,  323 
infusion,  323 
pills,  323 

compound,  324 
powder,  compound,  324 
syrup,  324 

aromatic,  324 
tincture,  324 

aqueous,  325 
wine,  325 
Rochelle  salt,  313 
Rosa,  326 


Rosacea,  365 
Rose,  326 

confection,  326 

honey,  327 

infusion,  compound,  326 

oil,  327 

pale,  326 

red,  326 

syrup.  327 

water,  326 

ointment,  327 
Rosin,  321 
Rottlera,  239 
Rubus,  327 

SABINA,  328 
Saccharum,  329 

lactis,  329 
Saffron,  147 

tincture,  147 
Salicin,  330 
Salix,  330 
Salt,  354 

inhalation,  354 
Saltpetre,  310 
Sandal-wood,  332 

oil,332 

Sanguinaria,  330 
Sanguinarine,  331 
Santalum,  331 

album,  332 
Santonica,  332 
Santonin,  332 

troches,  333 
Santoninum,  332 
Sapo,  333 

Sarcina  ventriculi,  10 
Sarsaparilla,  335 

decoction,  compound,  335 

extract,  fluid,  3o6 
compound,  336 

syrup,  compound,  33*) 
Sassafras,  337 

oil,337 

pith,  mucilage,  337 
Savin,  328 

cerate,  328 

extract,  fluid,  328 

oil,  329 

tincture,  329 
Scabies,  211,  363,  365 
Scalds,  98,  280,  298 
Scalp,  stimulant,  4 

shampoo,  49 
Scammonium,  337 
Scammony,  337 

confection,  338 

mixture,  338 

pill,  compound,  338 

powder,  compound,  338 

tincture,  338 

resin,  338 

Scarlet  fever,  6,  10,  17,  52,  53,  99,  303,  307,  348 
Scilla,  339 

Scirrhus  of  the  stomach,  89 
Scrofula,  97,  163,  175,  335,  356,  359 
Sea- sickness,  109 
Seat-worms,  39 
Seborrhoea,  380 
Seidlitz  powders,  313 
Senega,  341 
Senega  snakeroot,  341 
Seneka,  341 


400 


INDEX. 


Seneka  decoction,  341 
extract,  341 

fluid,  343 
mixture,  342 
syrup,  342 
tincture,  343 
Senna,  342 

confection,  343 
extract.  344 

fluid,  343 
infusion,  343 

compound,  343 
mixture,  345 

compound,  344 
syrup,  344 
tincture,  344 
Septicaemia,  168 
Serpentaria,  345 

extract,  fluid,  345 
infusion,  345 
tincture,  346 
Sevum,  346 

Sick-headache,  109,  202,  236.  270 
Silver,  68 

collyriiim,  fused,  etc. 
cyanide,  68 
fused  nitrate,  69 
iodide,  69 
nitrate,  69 

collyrium,  70 
injection,  70 
lotion,  70 
mixture,  70 
pills,  70 
powder,  71 
oxide,  71 

pills,  71 
Simple  elixir,  155 

syrup,  329 
Sinapis,  346 
Sleeplessness,  37,  305 
Slippery-elm  bark,  372 
mucilage,  372 
Sloughing  phagedaena,  348 
Sneezing,  48 
Soap,  333 

cerate,  333 

plaster,  334 
curd,  334 
green,  334 
liniment,  333 

ammoniated,  334 
lotions,  335 
medicinal,  334 
pills,  compound,  334 
plaster,  333 
soft,  334 
spirit,  335 
Soap-bark,  316 
Soda,  347 

caustic,  347 

chlorinated,  gargle,  348 
lotion,  348 
solution,  348 
solution,  347 

effervescent  citro-tartrate,  351 
effervescing  solution,  351 
Sodii  acetas,  348 

arsenias,  349 
benzoas,  349 
bicarbonas,  350 
boras,  352 
boro-benzoas,  353 


Sodii  bromidum,  353 
carbonas,  354 
chloridum,  354 
hypophosphis,  355 
hyposulphis,  355 
iodidum,  355 
phosphas,  356 
salicylas,  356 
santonas,  356 
sulphis,  357 
sulphocarbolas,  357 
Sodium,  347 

acetate,  348 
arseniate,  349 

pills,  349 

solution,  349 
benzoate,  o4(.) 

inhalation,  350 
bicarbonate,  350 

lotion,  351 

mixtures,  351 

powders,  351 

troches,  350 
borate,  352 

glycerite,  352 

honey,  352 
boro-benzcate,  353 

lotion,  353 
bromide,  353 
carbonate,  354 

dried,  354 

lotion,  354 
chloride,  354 
hypophosphite,  355 

mixture,  355 
hyposulphite,  355 

lotion,  355 
iodide,  355 

solution,  356 
phosphate,  356 
salicylate.  356 
santonate,  356 

elixir,  357 
sulphite,  357 

mixture,  357 
sulphocarbolate,  357 

gargle,  358 

mixture,  358 

Solution  of  iodide  of  arsenic  and  mercury,  73 
Sore  nipples,  231,  352 

throat,  3,  17,  54,  240,  316 
Spanish  flies,  106 
Spasmodic  asthma,  306,  310,  31 

croup,  138,  225 
Spearmint,  263 

infusion,  compound,  264 
oil,  263 
spirit,  264 
syrup.  264 
water,  263 
Spermaceti,  118 

cerate,  118 
mixture,  119 
ointment.  118 
saccharated,  118 
Spermatorrhoea,  106,  151 
Spigelia,  358 

and  senna,  extract,  fluid,  358 
extract,  fluid,  358 
infusion,  359 
Spirit  of  Mindererus,  49 
of  turpentine,  279 
rectified,  36 


INDEX. 


401 


Spiritus  aetheris,  34 

aetheris  compositus,  34 

aetheris  nitrosi,  35 
Spongy  gums,  116,  272 
Sprains,  1,  3,  53,  295 
Squibb' s  cholera  mixture,  388 
Squill,  339 

extract,  fluid,  339 

mixtures,  340 

oxymel,  340 

pills,  341 

compound,  339 

syrup.  340 

compound,  340 

tincture,  340 

vinegar,  339 
Star  anise,  227 

water,  227 

spirit,  228 
Starch,  6U 

glycerin,  60 

iodide,  61 

mucilage,  60 
Stavesacre,  149 

tincture,  149 
Stillingia,  359 

extract,  fluid,  359 

syrup,  compound,  359 
Stomach  diseases,  290 
Stramouii  folia, '300 

semen,  360 
Stramonium,  360 

leaves.  360 

extract,  360 

mixture,  861 

ointment,  361 

pills,  361 

seed,  360 

extract,  360 

tincture,  361 
Strangulated  hernia,  366 
Strangury,  102 
Strumous  adenitis.  230 
Strychnia,  361 

hypodermic  injection,  362 
Strychnia,  mixtures,  362 

poisoning,  2'J1 

solution,  363 

sulphate,  362 
Strychnine.  361 

Subinvolution  of  the  uterus,  158 
Suet,  346 
Sugar.  329 

of  milk,  329 
Sulphur,  363 

and  nutmeg,  confection,  364 

confection,  364 

iodide,  365 

ointment,  366 

lotions,  3(54 

ointment,  364,  365 

powder,  365 

precipitated,  364 

sublimed.  363 

washed,  363 
Sulphuris  iodidum.  365 
Sweating  of  phthisis,  15 
Sweet  flag,  94 

spirit  of  nitre,  35 

Syphilis.  8,  79,  300,  206,  212,  215,  316,  217,  218, 
'219,  230,  231,  232,  264,  309, 310, 335,  356. 359, 


Syrup,  329 

of  lacto-phosphate  of  lime,  97 
Syrupus,  329 

fuKcus,  329 

TABACUM,  366 

Tannin,  27 

Tape-worm,  91,  184,  185,  198,  199,  239,  289 

Tar,  294 

glycerite,  £94 

infusion,  294 

inhalation,  295 

lotion,  295 

oil,  294 

ointment,  294 

water,  294 
Taraxacum,  367 
Tartar  emetic,  63 

mixtures,  64 

and  opium,  pill,  65 

ipecacuanha,  powder,  65 
Terebinthina.  369 

Canadensis,  369 

Tetanus,  105,  121,  138,  190,  291,  305,  366 
Thoroughwort,  161 

infusion,  161 

tincture,  161 

Throat  affections,  3,  11,  54,  85,  109,  241 
Thrush,  252 
Thuja,  369 

elixir,  370 

extract,  tiuid,  370 

glycerite,  370 

tincture,  370 
Thymol,  370 

inhalation,  371 

lotion,  371 

ointment.  371 
Tinea  versicolor,  211 
Tobacco,  366 

infusion,  366 

oil,  366 

ointment,  367 

wine,  367 
Tolu,  balsam,  80 

syrup,  81 

tincture,  81 
Tonsillitis,  32,  215 
Toothache,  113,  145,  258 
Tragacanth,  371 

mucilage,  371 

powder,  compound,  372 
Tragacantha,  371 
Treacle,  329 
Triplex  pills,  208 
Tuberculosis,  175 
Tully's  powder,  269 
Turpentine,  369 

Canada,  369 

and  acetic  acid,  liniment,  280 
ether,  mixture,  281 

confection,  280 

emulsions,  280 

enema,  280 

liniment,  280 

oil,  279 

ointment,  280 

spirit,  279 

Turpeth  mineral,  219 
Typhoid  fever,  17,  52,  70,  81,  99,  102,  271,  £79 

Eneumonia,  52 
2ver,  17,  52,  99,  102 


402 


INDEX. 


ULCERS,  22,  100,  221,  £31.  232,  290,  299,  330, 

346,  348 

Ulcerous  disease  of  the  mouth,  311 
Ulmus,  372 

Ununited  fractures,  97 
Urethritis,  92 
Urinary  diseases,  293 
Urticaria,  351,  354 
Uterine  neuralgia,  126 
Uva  ursi,  372 

decoction,  372 

extract,  fluid,  373 

VALERIAN,  373 

and  iron,  pills,  375 

extract,  373 
fluid,  374 

infusion,  374 

mixtures,  374 

tincture,  374 

ammoniated,  374 
ethereal,  374 
Valeriana,  373 
Vallet's  mass,  166 
Vegetable  parasites,  27,  355 
Venereal  warts,  13,  142,  369 
Veratria,  375 

ointment,  375 
Veratrum  viride,  375 
Verdigris,  142 

plaster,  142 
Vermilion.  220 
Vesical  irntation,  141 
Vienna  paste,  '302 
Vinegar,  4 

and  cantharides,  lotion,  4 

aromatic,  4 

camphorated,  4 

lotion,  4 

syrup,  4 
Vomiting,  10,  13,  19,  99,  145,  235,  262,  276,  305 

of  pregnancy,  89,  117,  118 

WAHOO,  160 

Warts,  13,  142 

Wasting  diseases,  91,  256,  276 

Water,  67 

cherry-laurel,  68 

chlorine,  68 

distilled,  67 
Water-brash,  77 
Wax,  117 

white,  117 

yellow,  117 
White  cedar,  369 

oak,  decoction.  316 

precipitate,  209 
White's  gout  pills,  213 
Whooping-cough,  19,  20,  44,  45,  51.  74,  75,  85, 

119,  122,  305,  360,  373,  380 
Wild  cherry,  314 

extract,  fluid,  314 

infusion,  314 

syrup,  314 
Willow,  330 
Wintergreen,  189 
Witch-hazel,  204 


Witch-hazel  decoction,  204 

extract,  fluid,  204 

injection,  204 

tincture,  204 
Wormseed,  119 

decoction,  120 

oil,  120 
Wormwood,  1 

extract,  1 

oil,  1 

oil,  infused,  1 

tincture,  2 

tincture,  compound,  2 

wine,  2 

water,  distilled,  2 

YARROW,  5 

extract,  5 

infusion,  5 
Yellow  jessamine,  190 

mercurial  lotion,  211 

wash,  211 

ZINC,  376 

acetate,  376 

injections,  376 

ointment,  377 
bromide,  377 
carbonate,  precipitated,  377 

cerate,  378 

lotion,  378 

powder,  378 
chloride,  378 

caustic.  379 

inhalation,  379 

injection,  379 

solution,  378 
iodide,  379 
oxide,  379 

lotion,  380 

ointment,  379,  380 

pills,  380 

powders,  380 
phosphide,  381 

and  nux  vomica,  pills,  381 
Bulphate,  381 

collyrium,  381 

inhalation,  381 

injection,  382 

paint,  382 

pills,  382 
sulphocarbolate,  382 

inhalation,  382 
valerianate,  383 

pills,  383 
Zinci  acetae,  376 

bromidum,  377 
carbonas  praecipitata,  377 
chloridum,  378 
iodidum,  379 
oxidum,  379 
phosphidum,  381 
sulphas,  381 
sulphocarbolas,  383 
valerianas,  383 
Zincum,  376 
Zingiber,  383 


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